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Two equivalent single degree of freedom models of thecoupled multiple modulated pedestrian-bridge system toconsider the human-structure interaction effect
KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Structural Engineering and Bridges.
KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Structural Engineering and Bridges.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8926-2140
KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Structural Engineering and Bridges.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5447-2068
(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

In this paper, two equivalent single degree of freedom models are proposedto take the Human-Structure Interaction (HSI) effect into account for the assessmentof the vibration response of footbridges. The equivalent models arebased on the closed-form solution of the steady-state response of the coupledpedestrian-beam system. These models are obtained by using a matrixcondensation approach. The dynamic amplification factor, DAFHSI, of thecoupled system that allows any pedestrian distribution over the supportingstructure and different mechanical properties of the considered pedestrians,is used for the derivation of the equivalent models. The models assume thatthe Single Degree of Freedom (SDOF) model of a pedestrian is a realistic representationof the human-body dynamics, and the models are studied consideringpedestrians that have identical mechanical properties. The interactionbetween higher modes of the human body and higher modes of the supportingstructure are outside of the scope of the work. A parametric analysisis presented for both equivalent models based on the non-dimensional parametersthat define the dynamic response of the coupled system. The maincontribution of this paper is to provide an equivalent damping model and anequivalent force model that can take the HSI-effect into account, while consideringa single mode of vibration. The proposed models are readily applicablefor taking HSI into account using the modal information extracted from aFinite Element (FE) model or experimental results. An example of an application demonstrates the simplicity and accuracy of the proposed equivalentmodels when calculating the dynamic response of a coupled pedestrian-beamsystem for a single mode of vibration.

Keywords [en]
Vibrations, Footbridges, Harmonic load, Human structure interaction, Dynamic amplification factors, equivalent models
National Category
Infrastructure Engineering
Research subject
Civil and Architectural Engineering, Structural Engineering and Bridges
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-338427OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-338427DiVA, id: diva2:1806649
Note

QC 20231025

Available from: 2023-10-23 Created: 2023-10-23 Last updated: 2023-10-26Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Human-structure interaction effect on the dynamic response of footbridges: An analytical and experimental study
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Human-structure interaction effect on the dynamic response of footbridges: An analytical and experimental study
2023 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Lightweight, slender and lightly damped footbridges are often susceptible to HumanInduced Loads (HILs) when pedestrian step frequencies coincide with the naturalfrequencies of the structure. For vertical vibrations, this can compromise the serviceabilitylimit state of the system. The Human-Structure Interaction (HSI) effectoccurs due to the presence of pedestrians that modify the dynamic behaviour ofthe coupled pedestrian-bridge system. Typically, the dynamic analysis of such footbridgesemploys the Finite Element Method (FEM) with stationary harmonic loadingscenarios to assess the dynamic performance of such structures. This researchproject aims to develop a general closed-form solution for the moving harmonic loadproblem (Paper I) using 2D Bernoulli–Euler beam theory for continuous beams onelastic supports. Additionally, it seeks to formulate closed-form solutions for thedynamic amplification factor of the coupled pedestrian-bridge system (Paper II),along with equivalent damping and force models (Paper III) based on response amplitudes.Furthermore, an experimental study of the HSI-effect was conducted onthe Folke Bernadotte Bridge in Stockholm (Paper IV), quantifying the changes ofthe dynamic properties ofthe system and validating the analytical Frequency ResponseFunction (FRF) found in previous studies (Paper II). Finally, the HSI-effectwas studied within the framework of random vibration theory (Paper V) to understandthe expected value of the response of the coupled system using a crowd loadPower Spectral Density (PSD).

Abstract [sv]

Slanka och lätta gångbroar med låg dämpning kan vara känsliga för dynamiskbelastning från fotgängare om stegfrekvensen sammanfaller med någon av bronsegenfrekvenser. Detta kan resultera i överskridande av komfortrelaterade bruksgränskrav.Samverkan mellan fotgängare och bro kan liknas vid ett massdämparsystemvilket resulterar i ändrade modala egenskaper för det kopplade systemet.För dynamiska analyser av gångbroar används ofta finita elementmetoden (FEM)där lasten från en gående folksamling ofta beskrivs som en stationär harmonisklast. Detta forskningsprojekt syftar till att utveckla en generell analytisk lösningför rörliga harmoniska laster (artikel I) baserat på 2D Bernoulli–Euler balkteori förkontinuerliga balkar på elastiska upplag. Analytiska lösningar har även utvecklatsavseende dynamiska förstoringsfaktorer för det kopplade systemet mellan fotgängareoch bro (artikel II) samt system med ekvivalent dämpning eller ekvivalentkraft (artikel III) baserat på responsamplituder. En experimentell studie har ävenutförts på Folke Bernadottes bro i Stockholm (artikel IV), i syfte att uppskatta ochvalidera samverkan mellan fotgängare och bro baserat på frekvenssvarsfunktioneroch motsvarande analytiska lösningar. Slutligen har samverkan mellan fotgängareoch bro undersökts på basis av stokastiska vibrationer (artikel V) där förväntadrespons beräknas baserat på ett lastspektrum för gånglaster.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2023. p. 35
Series
TRITA-ABE-DLT ; 2339
Keywords
footbridges, dynamics, human induced loads, human structure interaction.
National Category
Infrastructure Engineering
Research subject
Civil and Architectural Engineering, Structural Engineering and Bridges
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-338779 (URN)978-91-8040-739-7 (ISBN)
Public defence
2023-11-24, Kollegiesalen, Brinellvägen 8, KTH Campus, public videoconference link https://kth-se.zoom.us/j/68108904941, Stockholm, 14:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

QC 20231026

Available from: 2023-10-26 Created: 2023-10-25 Last updated: 2023-10-30Bibliographically approved

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Colmenares, DanielAndersson, AndreasKaroumi, Raid

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