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Exploring the molecular structure of β-lactoglobulin fibrils using solid-state NMR spectroscopy
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science. (My Hedhammar Lab & Christofer Lendel Lab)ORCID iD: 0009-0001-8805-4593
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Chemistry, Applied Physical Chemistry. Umeå University, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9577-6845
Umeå University, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4442-6367
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Protein Technology.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0140-419X
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(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
Keywords [en]
functional materials, beta-lactoglobulin, protein nanofibrils, fibril structure, biomaterials, functional amyloids
National Category
Natural Sciences Biophysics Structural Biology Biochemistry Molecular Biology
Research subject
Biotechnology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-339637OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-339637DiVA, id: diva2:1812247
Note

QC 20231115

Available from: 2023-11-15 Created: 2023-11-15 Last updated: 2025-02-20Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Integrative structural biology of protein fibers: Spider silk and beta-lactoglobulin nanofibrils
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Integrative structural biology of protein fibers: Spider silk and beta-lactoglobulin nanofibrils
2023 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Proteins found in nature offer a vast range of exceptional materials, including high-performancebiopolymers such as spider silks and whey protein nanofibrils. Fibrous proteins possess immensepotential for developing novel materials suited for various applications, such as medicalbiomaterials or industrial products. This thesis uses an interdisciplinary approach based onexperimental and computational methods to present insights into the fundamental aspects ofprotein fibers, exploring details on the molecular level and their self-assembly.Spider silk threads exhibit strength, elasticity, and the ability to withstand high-energy loads.Additionally, silk is naturally degradable, and compatible with cell growth, and non-immunogenic.This thesis examines the molecular assembly of spider silk, particularly the secondary structurelevel, which contributes greatly to its properties. We unveil the structural details of therecombinant spidroins 4RepCT and the CT domain over hydrophobic/hydrophilic surfaces,describing their periodic oriented macrostructure and stability. Furthermore, it is reported that theCT domain form β-nanocrystalline components, revealing a specific segment (helix No4) that canself-assemble into nanofibrils in a pH-sensitive manner. In addition, we describe the method ofsortase-mediated transpeptidation reaction used to catalyze the covalent coupling of the spidroins4Rep and CT, resulting in partially isotopically labeled fibers suitable for solid-state NMRspectroscopy analyses.β-lactoglobulin is an emerging protein source used to create advanced biomaterials because of itshigh availability and ability to assemble to protein nanofibrils (PNFs). Recombinant and syntheticβ-lactoglobulin PNFs with isotopic labelling are generated and analyzed using solid-state NMRspectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. The fibrils of both species present congruenciesregarding morphology with unbranched conformation and a height of approximately 6 nm. At thesame time, their NMR spectra demonstrate accordance with their hydrophobic residues (i.e., Ala,Val, Ile, and Leu) as β-sheets. In addition, distinct inter-residue cross-peaks of Ser-Thr and LeuIle provide insights into the molecular structure of β-lactoglobulin PNF.This thesis presents new knowledge about the hierarchy of protein fibrils and the structure ofprotein-based materials at the molecular level. This knowledge can unlock the design anddevelopment of innovative protein-based materials for various applications.

Abstract [sv]

Proteiner som finns i naturen möjliggör ett brett utbud av exceptionella material, inklusivehögpresterande biopolymerer som spindelsilke och nanofibriller av vassleprotein. Fibrösaproteiner har en enorm potential för att utveckla nya material lämpliga för olika tillämpningar,såsom medicinska biomaterial eller industriella produkter. Denna avhandling använder entvärvetenskaplig ansats baserad på experimentella och beräkningsmetoder för att presenterainsikter om de grundläggande aspekterna av proteinfibrer, utforska detaljer på molekylär nivå ochderas förmåga att gå samman till material.Spindelsilke uppvisar styrka, elasticitet och förmåga att motstå höga energibelastningar. Dessutomär det naturligt nedbrytbart, kompatibelt med celltillväxt, och icke-immunogent. Denna avhandlingundersöker den molekylära sammansättningen av spindelsilke, särskilt sekundärstrukturen, vilketi hög grad bidrar till dess egenskaper. Vi undersöker de strukturella detaljerna för de rekombinantaspidroinerna 4RepCT och CT-domänen över hydrofoba/hydrofila ytor, och beskriva derasperiodiskt orienterade makrostruktur och stabilitet. Dessutom rapporteras det att CT-domänenbildar β-nanokristallina komponenter, vilket avslöjar ett specifikt segment (helix No4) som kanbilda nanofibriller på ett pH-beroende sätt. Vi beskriver också en metod för sortas-medieradtranspeptideringsreaktion som används för att katalysera den kovalenta kopplingen av spidroinerna4Rep och CT, vilket resulterar i delvis isotopmärkta fibrer som är lämpliga för anlys med fastfasNMR-spektroskopi.β-laktoglobulin är en proteinkälla av ökande intresse för att skapa avancerade biomaterial på grundav dess goda tillgänglighet och förmåga att bilda protein-nanofibriller (PNF). Rekombinanta ochsyntetiskta β-laktoglobulin-PNF med isotopinmärkning genereras och analyseras med hjälp av fastfas NMR-spektroskopi och atomkraftsmikroskopi. Fibrillerna hos båda varianterna uppvisaröverensstämmelse med avseende på morfologi med ogrenad konformation och en höjd av cirka 6nm. Samtidigt visar deras NMR-spektra överensstämmelse med deras hydrofoba aminosyrarester(dvs. Ala, Val, Ile och Leu) som beta flak. Dessutom ger distinkta korstoppar med Ser-Thr ochLeu-Ile insikter i den molekylära strukturen av β-laktoglobulin PNF.Denna avhandling presenterar ny kunskap om hierarkin av proteinfibriller och strukturen hosproteinbaserade material på molekylär nivå. Denna kunskap kan underlätta design och utvecklingav innovativa proteinbaserade material för olika tillämpningar. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm, Sweden 2023: Kungliga tekniska högskolan, 2023. p. 67
Series
TRITA-CBH-FOU ; 2023:56
Keywords
Spider Silk, Spidroin, fiber protein structure, amyloid-like fibers, Beta-lactoglobulin, Spindel silke, Spidroin, fiberproteinstruktur, amyloidliknande fibrer, Betalaktoglobulin
National Category
Structural Biology Biochemistry Molecular Biology Biophysics
Research subject
Biotechnology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-339602 (URN)978-91-8040-780-9 (ISBN)
Public defence
2023-12-11, Kollegiesalen, KTH Campus, Brinellvägen 8, via Zoom: https://kth-se.zoom.us/j/64501140620, Stockholm, 13:00 (English)
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Supervisors
Note

QC 20231115

Available from: 2023-11-15 Created: 2023-11-15 Last updated: 2025-02-20Bibliographically approved

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De Oliveira, Danilo HirabaeGowda, VasanthaHedhammar, MyLendel, Christofer

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