kth.sePublications
Change search
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
The natural magnesite efficacy on arsenic extraction from water and alkaline influence on metal release in water
KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Water and Environmental Engineering. Chemistry department, University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0501-9515
KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Water and Environmental Engineering. Department of Chemistry, Mkwawa College of Education, University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2883-2445
KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Water and Environmental Engineering. Department of Transportation and Geotechnical Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7435-1677
KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Water and Environmental Engineering. SIBELCO Ankerpoort NV, Op de Bos 300, 6223 EP, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Show others and affiliations
2023 (English)In: Applied Geochemistry, ISSN 0883-2927, E-ISSN 1872-9134, Vol. 155, p. 105705-105705, article id 105705Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Arsenic (As) removal studies were carried out through batch experiments to investigate the performance of the locally available calcined magnesite mineral rocks from Tanzania. Natural water from a stream source in Tanzania and the prepared synthetic water at the laboratory were used for the studies. Parameters such as initial As concentration, calcined magnesite dosage, contact time and pH were evaluated for As removal using an overhead rea×2 shaker. Arsenic concentration was reduced from 5.3 to 1.1 mg/L As(V) at 180 min when 0.5 g/L calcined magnesite was applied to a synthetic water sample, whereas the concentration of 117 μg/L As(V) and 5.2 μg/L As(III) was reduced to below 0.1 μg/L in natural water. An increase in calcined magnesite dosage resulted in increased As removal up to below 0.01 mg/L. The calcined magnesite raised the pH of the water sample from 6.8 to 10 when the applied dosage increased between 0.002 g/L and 0.05 g/L. The pH was constant at around 10 even when the amount of 0.05 g/L was added 2000 times. Despite the high pH, the amount of magnesium released in water was low. The calcination of magnesite at 500 ◦C increased surface area by 4 times as compared to the natural magnesite and X-ray diffraction showed presence of MgCO3 phase as the dominant phase at this temperature. The reaction kinetics of As removal on 0.5 g/L calcined magnesite fitted with the pseudo-second-order (R2 = 0.96). Reaction isotherm was strongly fitted with Freundlich isotherm (R2 = 0.98). Linear regression and artificial intelligence neural network showed the As removal was influenced by both contact time and pH. Arsenic can be removed from As water using calcined magnesite and will be suitable for water treatment around gold mining areas. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier BV , 2023. Vol. 155, p. 105705-105705, article id 105705
Keywords [en]
Arsenic removal, Calcined magnesite Contact time and pH, Kinetics and isotherm, Natural water
National Category
Earth and Related Environmental Sciences
Research subject
Land and Water Resources Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-339941DOI: 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2023.105705ISI: 001026114900001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85173118549OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-339941DiVA, id: diva2:1814749
Funder
Sida - Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, 51170071
Note

QC 20231127

Available from: 2023-11-27 Created: 2023-11-27 Last updated: 2025-02-07Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Treatment of arsenic contaminated drinking water from the sources around the gold mining areas of Geita and Mara, Tanzania: Removal efficiency of locally available materials, bauxite, gypsum and magnesite
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Treatment of arsenic contaminated drinking water from the sources around the gold mining areas of Geita and Mara, Tanzania: Removal efficiency of locally available materials, bauxite, gypsum and magnesite
2023 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

In recent years, high arsenic (As) levels of about 300 µg/L have been reported around the gold mining areas of Geita and Mara regions within the Lake Victoria basin (LVB) in Tanzania. During a sampling campaign at Geita and Mara, the groundwater and surface water samples revealed the presence of high As concentrations as well as Fe and sulfide. Several wells are abandoned because of odor due to high content of sulfide, as well as red color, due to high iron content. About 53% of the analyzed As water samples exceeded the WHO guideline for drinking water. The release of As is primarily attributed to the weathering of sulfide minerals like arsenopyrite related to gold mining activities. In some parts of the LVB, an increasing number of cancer cases are being reported, and clinical investigations are now on the national agenda to identify the possible causes. Water treatment using bauxite, gypsum, and magnesite shows promising results, especially bauxite and magnesite, which could lower As concentrations to below 0.1 µg/L. Both bauxite and magnesite worked efficiently on As removal even at higher concentrations above 5 mg/L, while gypsum is preferable for treatment of low As concentrations. Furthermore, magnesite has a unique chemical character of influencing other materials to have high efficiency of As removal; however, it raises the pH of the water up to 10. Addition of 5 g/L magnesite to water containing 5 mg/L As, could lower the As concentration to below 10 µg/L within 30 min. The As removal increased with dosage and contact time up to 98 % in 4 hours, which is in agreement with Visual MINTEQ simulation. The performance of calcined magnesite, and gypsum fitted well with Freundlich adsorption isotherm, which indicates the presence of chemical reaction as controlling factor for As removal, while bauxite fitted Langmuir isotherm indicates monolayer surface coverage. The kinetic reactions were observed to follow pseudo-second-order. The statistic obeys linear regression with R2 ranging between 0.7 and 0.9. The artificial neural network revealed pH as a most influencing parameter for As removal from water. The mini-scale column revealed that a flow rate of 0.5 – 1 mL/min for 30 min gave an adsorption capacity ranging between 0.07 and 0.14 µg/g, which follows Thomas linear model with rate constant of kTH of 29.48 to 211.25 mL/min µg. The release of elements from spent magnesite, gypsum, and bauxite, such as magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), iron (Fe), and calcium (Ca) were found to be below WHO standards after water treatment. However, the desorption process of As from spent magnesite and gypsum was a challenge, which means there was formation of strong bond between Mg-O-As and Ca-O-As. This study is based on 5 papers that provide significant insights to the scientific community, policymakers, and the community living around As contaminated areas to learn about the occurrences of As and simple remediation techniques evaluated in this study.

Abstract [sv]

Under de senaste åren har höga halter av arsenik (As) på cirka 300 μg/L rapporterats runt guldgruveområdena i Geita- och Mara-regionerna i Victoriasjöns avrinningsområde (LVB) i Tanzania. Under provtagningskampanjen vid Geita och Mara visade grundvatten- och ytvattenproverna förekomst av höga As-koncentrationer samt Fe och sulfid. Flera brunnar överges på grund av lukt orsakad av högt innehåll av sulfid, liksom röd färg, på grund av hög järnhalt. Cirka 53 % av de analyserade vattenproverna överskred WHO:s riktlinjer för dricksvatten. Frisättningen av As tillskrivs främst vittring av sulfidmineraler som arsenopyrit i samband med guldbrytningen. I vissa delar av LVB rapporteras allt fler cancerfall och kliniska undersökningar står nu på den nationella agendan för att identifiera möjliga orsaker. Vattenrening med bauxit, gips och magnesit visar lovande resultat, särskilt bauxit och magnesit kan sänka As-koncentrationerna till under 0.1 μg/L. Både bauxit och magnesit fungerade effektivt för As-avlägsnande även vid högre koncentrationer över 5 mg/L, medan gips är att föredra för behandling av låga As-koncentrationer. Dessutom hade magnesit en unik kemisk karaktär för att påverka andra material att ha hög effektivitet vid As-borttagning; Det höjer dock vattnets pH upp till 10. Vid tillsats av 5 g/L magnesit i vatten med 5 mg/L As, kan As halten sänkas till under 10 μg/L inom 30 min. As-borttagningen ökade med dosering och kontakttid upp till 98 % efter 4 timmar, vilket är i överensstämmelse med Visual MINTEQ-simulering. Prestandan hos kalcinerad magnesit och gips passade väl med Freundlich-adsorptionsisoterm, som indikerar närvaron av kemisk reaktion som styrande faktor för As-avlägsnande medan bauxit stämde med Langmuir-isoterm, vilket indikerar yttäckning i ett lager. De kinetiska reaktionerna observerades följa pseudo andra ordningen. Statistiken följer linjär regression med R2 som sträcker sig mellan 0.7 och 0.9. Det artificiella neurala nätverket avslöjade pH som en av de mest inflytelserika parametrarna för avlägsnande av As från vatten. En kollonn i liten skala med en flödeshastighet på 0.5 – 1 mL/min under 30 minuter visade en adsoprtionskapacitet mellan 0.07 och 0.14 μg/g som följer Thomas linjära modell med hastighetskonstanten kTH på 29.48 till 211.25 mL/min μg. Frisättning av element från förbrukad magnesit, gips och bauxit såsom magnesium (Mg). aluminium (Al), järn (Fe), kalcium (Ca) visade sig ligga under WHO:s standarder efter vattenrening. Desorptionsprocessen av As från förbrukad magnesit och gips var dock en utmaning, vilket innebär att det bildades en stark bindning mellan Mg-O-As och Ca-O-As. Denna studie är baserad på 5 artiklar som ger betydande insikter till forskare, beslutsfattare och samhället runt As-förorenade platser för att lära sig om förekomsten av As och enkla saneringstekniker som utvärderas i denna studie.

Abstract [sw]

Katika miaka ya hivi karibuni, viwango vya juu vya As vya 300 μg/L vinaripotiwa karibu na maeneo ya uchimbaji wa dhahabu ya mikoa ya Geita na Mara ndani ya bonde la Ziwa Victoria (LVB) nchini Tanzania. Wakati wa kampeni ya sampuli katika mikoa ya Geita na Mara, sampuli za maji ya ardhini na maji ya mito zilifichua uwepo wa viwango vya juu vya As pamoja na Fe na sulfide. Visima kadhaa vimeachwa kwa sababu ya harufu kutokana na sulfide iliyomo kwenye maji, pamoja na rangi nyekundu, kwa sababu ya chuma. Karibu 53% ya sampuli za maji zilizochambuliwa zilizidi mwongozo wa WHO wa maji ya kunywa. Kutolewa kwa As kimsingi kunahusishwa na hali ya hewa ya madini ya sulfide kama arsenopyrite inayohusiana na shughuli za madini ya dhahabu. Katika baadhi ya maeneo ya LVB, idadi kubwa ya kesi za saratani zinaripotiwa na uchunguzi wa kliniki sasa uko kwenye ajenda ya kitaifa ya kutambua sababu zinazowezekana. Matibabu ya maji kwa kutumia bauxite, gypsum na magnesite inaonyesha matokeo ya kuahidi, hasa bauxite na magnesite inaweza kupunguza viwango vya As mpaka chini ya 0.1 μg/L. Wote bauxite na magnesite walifanya kazi kwa ufanisi juu ya As kuondolewa hata katika viwango vya juu ya 5 mg/L wakati gypsum ni bora kwa matibabu ya viwango vya chini vya As kwenye maji. Zaidi ya hayo, magnesite alikuwa na tabia ya kipekee ya kemikali kushawishi nyenzo zingine kuwa na ufanisi mkubwa juu ya As kuondolewa; hata hivyo huinua pH ya maji hadi 10. Baada ya kuongeza 5 g/L magnesite katika 5 mg/L As, inaweza kupunguza As chini ya 10 μg/L ndani ya dakika 30. Kuondolewa kwa As iliongezeka hadi 98% kulingana na kipimo cha madini kuongezeka, pia na wakati wa maji kugusana katika masaa 4 ambayo inakubaliana na simulation ya Visual MINTEQ. Utendaji wa magnesite iliyochomwa, na gypsum ulioneshwa vizuri na Freundlich adsorption isotherm, ambayo inaonyesha uwepo wa majibu ya kemikali kama sababu ya kudhibiti kwa As kuondolewa wakati bauxite ilifaa vizuri kwenye Langmuir isotherm inayoonyesha chanjo ya uso wa monolayer. Mwitikio wa kinetic ulizingatiwa kufuata utaratibu wa pili wa pseudo. Takwimu hutii regression ya mstari na R2 kuanzia kati ya 0.7 na 0.9. Mtandao wa neva bandia ulifunua pH kama kigezo cha kushawishi zaidi kwa As kuondolewa kutoka kwa maji. Safu ndogo ilifunua kiwango cha mtiririko wa 0.5 - 1 mL/min kwa dakika 30 na uwezo wa mtiririko kati ya 0.07 na 0.14 μg/g ambayo inatii mfano wa Thomas linear na kiwango cha mara kwa mara cha kTH ya 29.48 hadi 211.25 mL/min μg. Kutolewa kwa vitu kutoka kwa magnesite iliyotumika, gypsum, na bauxite kama vile magnesiamu (Mg). alumini (Al), chuma (Fe), kalsiamu (Ca) ilipatikana kuwa chini ya viwango vya WHO baada ya matibabu ya maji. Hata hivyo, mchakato wa kuiachanisha As kutoka kwa magnesite iliyotumika na gypsum ilikuwa changamoto ambayo inamaanisha kulikuwa na muungano mgumu kati ya Mg-O-As na Ca-O-As. Utafiti huu unategemea machapisho 5 ambapo utachangia ufahamu muhimu kwa jamii ya kisayansi, watunga sera na jamii inayoishi karibu na maeneo yaliyochafuliwa, kujifunza kuhusu matukio ya uchafuzi wa vyanzo vya maji pamoja na mbinu rahisi za kuondoa As zilizotathminiwa katika utafiti huu.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2023. p. 54
Series
TRITA-ABE-DLT ; 2351
Keywords
Arsenic, bauxite, gypsum, magnesite, natural water, removal, Visual MINTEQ, kinetic reaction, isotherms, Freundlich, Langmuir, Arseniki, bauxite, gypsum, magnesite, maji ya asili, kuondolewa, Visual MINTEQ, misuguano ya kinetic, isotherm, Freundlich, Langmuir, Arsenik, bauxit, gips, magnesit, naturligt vatten, rening, Visual MINTEQ, kinetisk reaktion, isotermer, Freundlich, Langmuir
National Category
Earth and Related Environmental Sciences
Research subject
Land and Water Resources Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-339968 (URN)978-91-8040-779-3 (ISBN)
Public defence
2023-12-19, Sahara, Teknikringen 10B (Plan 2), KTH Campus, public video conference link https://kth-se.zoom.us/j/65995145722, Stockholm, 13:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Funder
Sida - Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, 51170071
Note

QC 20231127

Available from: 2023-11-27 Created: 2023-11-27 Last updated: 2025-02-07Bibliographically approved

Open Access in DiVA

fulltext(2804 kB)161 downloads
File information
File name FULLTEXT01.pdfFile size 2804 kBChecksum SHA-512
55c5ae5651fe8be7c21261ded5b9088b01120fbcfa60081e42714f8af5e3048cb4c70b69b09a27efe1dfe649b6333b030b6024c5092694256d993eb301f96dca
Type fulltextMimetype application/pdf

Other links

Publisher's full textScopus

Authority records

Irunde, ReginaLigate, Fanuel JosephatIjumulana, JulianAhmad, ArslanHamisi, RajabuBhattacharya, Prosun

Search in DiVA

By author/editor
Irunde, ReginaLigate, Fanuel JosephatIjumulana, JulianAhmad, ArslanHamisi, RajabuBhattacharya, Prosun
By organisation
Water and Environmental Engineering
In the same journal
Applied Geochemistry
Earth and Related Environmental Sciences

Search outside of DiVA

GoogleGoogle Scholar
Total: 251 downloads
The number of downloads is the sum of all downloads of full texts. It may include eg previous versions that are now no longer available

doi
urn-nbn

Altmetric score

doi
urn-nbn
Total: 296 hits
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf