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Unravelling the effect of nitrogen on the morphological evolution of thin silver films on weakly-interacting substrates
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Nuclear Engineering. Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 43, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland, P.O. Box 43.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2864-9509
Université de Poitiers, ISAE-ENSMA, CNRS, PPRIME, Poitiers, France.
Université de Poitiers, ISAE-ENSMA, CNRS, PPRIME, Poitiers, France.
Université de Poitiers, ISAE-ENSMA, CNRS, PPRIME, Poitiers, France.
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2024 (English)In: Applied Surface Science, ISSN 0169-4332, E-ISSN 1873-5584, Vol. 649, article id 159209Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

We study the effect of nitrogen on the morphological evolution of thin silver (Ag) films deposited on weakly-interacting amorphous carbon (a-C) and silicon oxide (SiOx) surfaces. Films are synthesized at a deposition rate of 0.1nm·s-1 by direct current magnetron sputtering (DCMS), high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS), and electron-beam evaporation (EBE). We monitor growth in situ and in real time by measuring the evolution of film stress and optical properties, complemented by ex situ analyses of discontinuous-layer morphologies, film crystal structure, and film composition. We find that addition of molecular nitrogen (N2) to the plasmagenic gas (Ar) during DCMS and HiPIMS promotes a two-dimensional (2D) morphology. Concurrently, EBE-deposited films exhibit a significantly more pronounced three-dimensional morphological evolution, independently from the gas atmosphere composition. We argue that the 2D morphology in DCMS- and HiPIMS-grown films is enhanced due to incorporation of atomic nitrogen (N)—result of plasma-induced N2 dissociation—that hinders island reshaping during coalescence. This mechanism is not active during EBE due to the absence of energetic plasma electrons driving N2 dissociation. The overall results of the study show that accurate control of vapor-phase chemistry is of paramount importance when using gaseous species as agents for manipulating growth in weakly-interacting film-substrate systems.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier BV , 2024. Vol. 649, article id 159209
Keywords [en]
Growth manipulation, In situ diagnostics, Thin film nucleation and growth, Weakly-interacting film-substrate systems
National Category
Materials Chemistry
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-342182DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2023.159209ISI: 001166202200001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85181143901OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-342182DiVA, id: diva2:1827942
Note

QC 20240326

Available from: 2024-01-15 Created: 2024-01-15 Last updated: 2024-03-26Bibliographically approved

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Sarakinos, Kostas

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