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A parametric study to investigate the dowel bar load transfer efficiency in the jointed plain concrete pavement using a finite element model
KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Concrete Structures. (Concrete Structures)ORCID iD: 0009-0003-3151-9067
(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Transverse joints are introduced in the jointed plain concrete pavement systems to mitigate the risk of cracks that can be developed due to shrinkage and temperature variations. However, the structural response of jointed plain concrete pavement is significantly affected by the transverse joint as it creates a discontinuity between the adjacent slabs. The performance of jointed plain concrete pavements at the transverse joints is enhanced by providing steel dowel bars in the traffic direction. The dowel bar provides reliable transfer of traffic loads from the loaded side of the joint to the unloaded side, known as load transfer efficiency or joint efficiency. Furthermore, dowel bars in the jointed plain concrete pavement govern the slab's alignment. Joints are critical component of concrete pavements that can lead to various distresses, necessitating rehabilitation. The repair of concrete pavement is a concern for the Swedish Transport Administration (Trafikverket). Precast concrete slabs are efficient for repairing concrete pavement, but their performance relies on well-functioning dowel bars. In this study, a Three-Dimensional Finite Element Model (3D-FEM) is developed using the ABAQUS software to evaluate the response of jointed plain concrete pavement and analyse the flexural stress concentration in the concrete slab by considering the dowel bar at three different locations (i.e., at the concrete slabs' top, bottom and mid-height). Furthermore, the structural behaviour of jointed plain concrete pavement is also investigated for several effective parameters, such as the joint opening between adjacent slabs, mispositioning of dowel bars (horizontal, vertical and longitudinal translation), size (diameter) of dowel bar and bond between the slab and the dowel bar. The study shows that maximum load transfer efficiency occurs when the dowel bar is positioned at the mid-depth of the concrete slab. Moreover, the size and mislocation of dowel bars noticeably affect the joint effectiveness. It is also noticed that the load transfer efficiency is reduced as the gap between the adjacent slab increases. In addition, a slight impact of bond is observed on the load transfer efficiency. The obtained results can be helpful in the design and evaluation of dowel-jointed plain concrete pavements.

Keywords [en]
Jointed plain concrete pavement, Finite element modelling, Load transfer efficiency, Steel dowel bar
National Category
Infrastructure Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-342483OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-342483DiVA, id: diva2:1829994
Note

QC 20240123

Available from: 2024-01-22 Created: 2024-01-22 Last updated: 2024-02-13Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Concrete pavements’ repair techniques and numerical assessment of dowel bar load transfer efficiency
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Concrete pavements’ repair techniques and numerical assessment of dowel bar load transfer efficiency
2024 (English)Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Concrete pavements are a suitable alternative for high-traffic volume roads, concentrated loads and roads exposed to severe weather conditions. In Sweden, among other reasons, the scarcity of concrete pavements is attributed to the need for more national knowledge and expertise in the field. The most recent concrete pavement was constructed seventeen years ago in Uppsala. Concrete pavements are renowned for their longevity and durability. Jointed plain concrete pavements (JPCP) are the most frequent type of concrete pavements. However, it is important to note that the joints in concrete pavements are critical components that can lead to various distresses, necessitating rehabilitation. Rehabilitating concrete pavements is particularly challenging in areas with heavy traffic and requires substitute routes because of the imperative to maintain traffic flow during construction. Developing effective detours might involve significant alterations to the existing routes or building temporary roads, which entails substantial cost investment and time consumption.

A literature review has been conducted to study the available methods that can be used to repair concrete pavements. The strategy for selecting a repair technique is based on rehabilitating the concrete pavement within a short work window, deterring traffic congestion and ensuring the long service life of the pavements. The study showed that the precast concrete technology based on the precast slab is a promising technology that effectively shortens the lane closure for repairing damaged pavements and produces durable pavements, thereby extending the service life of pavements. However, the construction or rehabilitation cost of concrete pavement using precast slabs is 1.6 to 4 times higher than that of conventional cast-in-place concrete. Therefore, rehabilitation using precast slabs is inappropriate for low-traffic roads and temporary routes.

Joints are crucial for the rehabilitation of concrete pavements with precast slabs. The structural performance of concrete pavement is, however, greatly affected by the joints, as the presence of joints creates a discontinuity between adjacent slabs and thus diminishes the load transfer to the abutting slab. To maintain the structural integrity of the pavement system, dowel bars are used at the transverse joints.

A numerical study has been conducted to evaluate the influence of various dowel-related parameters on the interaction between adjacent concrete slabs. The study revealed that the dowel bar’s position, mislocation and diameter had an obvious effect on joint efficiency, while the bond between the concrete slab and the dowel bar slightly affected the load transfer efficiency. It was also investigated that the dowel bar’s intended performance, i.e., load transfer efficiency, was reduced as the joint gap between adjacent slabs increased.

Abstract [sv]

Betongbeläggningar är ett lämpligt alternativ för högtrafikerade vägar, koncentrerad belastning och vägar utsatta för svåra väderförhållanden. I Sverige är betongvägar sällsynta vilket bl.a. beror på brist på kunskap och kompetens. Den senaste betongvägen byggdes för sjutton år sedan i Uppsala.Betongbeläggningar är kända för sin långa livslängd och hållbarhet. Den vanligaste typen av betongvägar är fogade, oarmerade betongbeläggningar. Ändå är det viktigt att notera att fogarna i betongbeläggningar är kritiska komponenters om kan leda till olika olägenheter, vilket kräver rehabilitering. Att rehabilitera betongbeläggningar är särskilt utmanande i områden med intensiv trafik som kräver ersättningsvägar på grund av nödvändigheten att upprätthålla trafikflödet under reparationsarbetena. Att ta fram en effektiv omledning av trafiken kan innebära antingen väsentliga förändringar och förlängningar av befintliga rutter eller byggande av tillfälliga vägar, vilket medför betydande kostnadsinvesteringar och tidsåtgång.

En litteraturöversikt har genomförts för att studera de tillgängliga metoderna som kan användas för att reparera betongbeläggningar. Strategin för valet av reparationsmetod bygger på att rehabilitera betongbeläggningen inom ett kort arbetsfönster, förhindra trafikstockningar och säkerställa lång livslängd för beläggningen. Studien visade att förtillverkade betongplattor är en lovande metod som effektivt förkortar avstängningen av körfält för att reparera skadad beläggning och producerar hållbara betongbeläggningar med lång livslängd. Rehabiliterings kostnaden för betongbeläggning med prefabricerade plattor är emellertid 1,6 till 4 gånger högre än den för konventionell platsgjuten betong. Därför är rehabilitering med förtillverkade betongplattor olämplig för vägar med låg trafik och temporära rutter.

Fogar är vidare nödvändiga vid reparation med förtillverkade betongplattor.Betongbeläggningens strukturella prestanda påverkas dock kraftigt av fogar, eftersom förekomsten av fogar skapar en diskontinuitet mellan intilliggande plattor och därmed minskat lastöverföringen till den angränsande plattan. För att upprätthålla den strukturella integriteten hos beläggningssystemet används dymlingar i de tvärgående fogar.

En numerisk studie har genomförts med olika parametrar för att utvärdera dymlingens inverkan på fogens effektivitet. Studien visade att dymlingens position, felplacering och diameter har en tydlig inverkan på fogens effektivitet, medan vidhäftningen mellan dymling och betongplatta enbart verkar ha en marginell inverkan på fogens effektivitet. Studien visade också att dymlingens prestanda, dvs. lastöverföringsförmågan, minskade då fogöppningen eller glappet mellan två närliggande plattor ökade.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2024. p. 40
Series
TRITA-ABE-DLT ; 2356
Keywords
Concrete pavements, Rapid repair, Precast slabs, Dowel bar, Load transfer efficiency
National Category
Infrastructure Engineering
Research subject
Civil and Architectural Engineering, Concrete Structures
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-343022 (URN)978-91-8040-808-0 (ISBN)
Presentation
2024-03-12, B3, Brinellvägen, Campus KTH, https://kth-se.zoom.us/j/61107600823, Stockholm, 13:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

QC 240207

Available from: 2024-02-07 Created: 2024-02-05 Last updated: 2024-02-12Bibliographically approved

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