In TRANSIT, experimental methods are developed to separate and characterise noise sources on moving trains. Improved microphone array techniques allow quantification of sound power and directivity. Source separation methods based on the Pass-By Analysis method, Advanced Transfer Path Analysis and the TWINS model are also developed. For trains at standstill, new test methods are developed to quantify noise transmission paths from sources to the standard microphone positions accounting for installation effects. Several measurement campaigns are used to demonstrate and verify these methods. In addition, innovative materials and methods are investigated for improved sound comfort in trains. Approaches considered include optimal sound absorption at the source, attenuation along ducts for air conditioning systems and innovative meta-structure designs for the car-body parts.