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A Framework for Digital Inclusion: An Agile Software Initiative for Bridging the Digital Divide
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8748-3559
2024 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Digital inclusive services refer to technologies designed to diminish social inequalities and ensure equal access to information and communication technologies for all individuals. Previous research has explored various strategies and assessment methods to promote digital inclusion, including the use of Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), co-design methodologies, and customised ICT platforms. These studies have compared results obtained through different approaches, such as assessment techniques, user preferences, and technical barriers. While there is a growing need for digital services to be inclusive, there has been limited research exploring how development methods, accessibility features, and stakeholder involvement intersect. Moreover, to fully utilise the potential of technology for societal benefit, it is essential to consider the perspectives of various stakeholders, including developers, designers, policymakers, and end-users alike. Thus, effective promotion of digital inclusion requires a multi-stakeholder development process, actively involving stakeholders with diverse expertise, such as developers, user experience (UX) designers, and accessibility specialists. This thesis aims to explore various factors that can influence the development of inclusive digital services, focusing on the dependencies among stakeholders, agile processes, and accessibility qualities. Employing a mixed methods approach, including workshops, interviews, and surveys across five studies, this research investigated and identified current development processes, as well as the relationship between stakeholder knowledge and accessibility attributes. Each study pursued specific objectives to analyse factors such as the dependencies among stakeholders, their roles, and knowledge levels. By gaining insights into stakeholders' perceptions of accessibility requirements and guidelines, key themes and patterns emerged in the development of a dependency framework. This framework underscores potential dependencies, including stakeholders' domains and the use of customised ICT tools. In conclusion, the research highlights the imperative for continuous collaboration and recognition of factors influencing interdependencies in the development of inclusive digital services. The thesis underscores that sustaining accessibility qualities requires ongoing efforts, considering variations in stakeholders' awareness and roles. The main contributions lie in highlighting the importance of tools that foster collaboration between software engineering and human-computer interaction, ultimately bridging the gap in ensuring inclusive digital services. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Sweden: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2024. , p. 92
Series
TRITA-EECS-AVL ; 2024:44
Keywords [en]
Agile framework, Digital inclusion, Accessibility, Stakeholder domain knowledge
National Category
Other Engineering and Technologies
Research subject
Human-computer Interaction; Computer Science
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-346239ISBN: 978-91-8040-922-3 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-346239DiVA, id: diva2:1857125
Public defence
2024-06-14, https://kth-se.zoom.us/j/64656872068, VIC Lab, Lindstedtsvägen 5, Stockholm, 13:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

QC 20240515

Available from: 2024-05-17 Created: 2024-05-10 Last updated: 2024-06-14Bibliographically approved
List of papers
1. ICTs and sustainable management in cases of special need children: An early research case study
Open this publication in new window or tab >>ICTs and sustainable management in cases of special need children: An early research case study
2016 (English)In: IEEE Conference Publications, IEEE, 2016, p. 997-1002, article id 10.1109/EDUCON.2016.7474674Conference paper, Published paper (Other academic)
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
IEEE, 2016
Keywords
Work Integrated Learning, Information and Communication Technologies(ICT), Sustainability, Special need children
National Category
Computer Systems
Research subject
Education and Communication in the Technological Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-215708 (URN)10.1109/EDUCON.2016.7474674 (DOI)000386529800154 ()2-s2.0-84994559686 (Scopus ID)
Conference
Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON)2016
Note

QC 20171102

Available from: 2017-10-13 Created: 2017-10-13 Last updated: 2024-05-16Bibliographically approved
2. An Agile Framework Towards Inclusion: Supporting Teachers Working in an Inclusive Learning Environment
Open this publication in new window or tab >>An Agile Framework Towards Inclusion: Supporting Teachers Working in an Inclusive Learning Environment
2020 (English)In: Human-Centered Software Engineering: 8th IFIP WG 13.2 International Working Conference, HCSE 2020, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, November 30 – December 2, Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH , 2020, Vol. 12481, p. 3-23Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

This paper reviews a user-centered agile systems design process, in the context of facilitating an educational environment. It focuses on the design of an ICT tool to support teachers in building an inclusive learning environment for children with Special Educational Needs (SEN), applying the “Index of Inclusion” (IoI) as a framework that directs the development process. The IoI is a set of guidelines that offers schools a supportive process of self-review and development when it comes to SEN; it draws on the views of staff in the educational sector. Extracting a requirements specification from a theoretical framework can be challenging. This study investigates how end-users, clients and stakeholders’ involvement in the development process can be used with the aim of establishing design implications. The outcomes suggest that integration of user experience in the development processes, design ideas, and/or framework can be useful for software developers, specifically when working with diverging needs and perspectives.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2020
Series
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, ISSN 0302-9743 ; 12481
Keywords
HCI design and evaluation methods, Index of inclusion, Information and communication technologies, Special Educational Needs, User-centered agile design, User-centered design, Computer aided instruction, Software engineering, User experience, Design implications, Development process, Educational environment, Educational sectors, Learning environments, Requirements specifications, Theoretical framework, User centered design
National Category
Software Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-290386 (URN)10.1007/978-3-030-64266-2_1 (DOI)2-s2.0-85097652282 (Scopus ID)
Conference
8th IFIP WG 13.2 International Conference on Human-Centered Software Engineering, HCSE 2020; Eindhoven; Netherlands; 30 November 2020 through 2 December 2020
Note

QC 20210301

Available from: 2021-03-01 Created: 2021-03-01 Last updated: 2024-05-10Bibliographically approved
3. Digital accessibility, when is it Done?: Identifying the Dependencies between Accessibility Qualities and Agile Software Development
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Digital accessibility, when is it Done?: Identifying the Dependencies between Accessibility Qualities and Agile Software Development
2024 (English)In: Article in journal (Refereed) Submitted
National Category
Software Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-346557 (URN)
Note

QC 20240517

Available from: 2024-05-16 Created: 2024-05-16 Last updated: 2024-05-17Bibliographically approved
4. Accessibility Knowledge Viewed Through the Lens of the Stakeholders.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Accessibility Knowledge Viewed Through the Lens of the Stakeholders.
2024 (English)Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
National Category
Software Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-346609 (URN)
Conference
HCSE24
Note

QC 20240531

Available from: 2024-05-20 Created: 2024-05-20 Last updated: 2024-05-31Bibliographically approved
5. Agile User-Centered Development for Accessibility: Towards a framework for including accessibility qualities in agile development methodologies
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Agile User-Centered Development for Accessibility: Towards a framework for including accessibility qualities in agile development methodologies
2024 (English)Conference paper, Published paper (Other academic)
Keywords
agile framework
National Category
Software Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-346555 (URN)
Conference
Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, Uppsala, Sweden, October 13 – 16, 2024
Note

QCR 20250217

Available from: 2024-05-16 Created: 2024-05-16 Last updated: 2025-02-17Bibliographically approved

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Hussain, Dena

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