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Direct numerical simulations of an airfoil undergoing dynamic stall at different background disturbance levels
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Centres, Linné Flow Center, FLOW. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Engineering Mechanics, Fluid Mechanics and Engineering Acoustics.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2460-578X
Inst Tecnol Aeronaut, Div Engn Aerosp, BR-12228900 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil..
Inst Tecnol Aeronaut, Div Engn Aerosp, BR-12228900 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil..
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Engineering Mechanics. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Centres, Linné Flow Center, FLOW.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3344-9686
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2024 (English)In: Journal of Fluid Mechanics, ISSN 0022-1120, E-ISSN 1469-7645, Vol. 986, article id A3Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Thin airfoil dynamic stall at moderate Reynolds numbers is typically linked to the sudden bursting of a small laminar separation bubble close to the leading edge. Given the strong sensitivity of laminar separation bubbles to external disturbances, the onset of dynamic stall on a NACA0009 airfoil section subject to different levels of low-amplitude free stream disturbances is investigated using direct numerical simulations. The flow is practically indistinguishable from clean inflow simulations in the literature for turbulence intensities at the leading edge of Tu = 0.02 %. At slightly higher turbulence intensities of Tu = 0.05 %, the bursting process is found to be considerably less smooth and strong coherent vortex shedding from the laminar separation bubble is observed prior to the formation of the dynamic stall vortex (DSV). This phenomenon is considered in more detail by analysing its appearance in an ensemble of simulations comprising statistically independent realisations of the flow, thus proving its statistical relevance. In order to extract the transient dynamics of the vortex shedding, the classical proper orthogonal decomposition method is generalised to include time in the energy measure and applied to the time-resolved simulation data of incipient dynamic stall. Using this technique, the dominant transient spatiotemporally correlated features are distilled and the wave train of the vortex shedding prior to the emergence of the main DSV is reconstructed from the flow data exhibiting dynamics of large-scale coherent growth and decay within the turbulent boundary layer.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Cambridge University Press (CUP) , 2024. Vol. 986, article id A3
Keywords [en]
boundary layer separation
National Category
Fluid Mechanics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-346305DOI: 10.1017/jfm.2024.314ISI: 001209573200001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85192671697OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-346305DiVA, id: diva2:1857352
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QC 20240513

Available from: 2024-05-13 Created: 2024-05-13 Last updated: 2025-02-09Bibliographically approved

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Kern, SimonNegi, PrabalHanifi, ArdeshirHenningson, Dan S.

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Linné Flow Center, FLOWFluid Mechanics and Engineering AcousticsEngineering Mechanics
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