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Effects of Speech Characteristics on Electroglottographic and Instrumental Acoustic Voice Analysis Metrics in Women With Structural Dysphonia Before and After Treatment
University Hospital Zurich. (Division of Phoniatrics and Speech Pathology)ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8695-1568
University Hospital Zurich. (Division of Phoniatrics and Speech Pathology)ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9552-9075
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Intelligent systems, Speech, Music and Hearing, TMH, Music Acoustics.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3362-7518
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Intelligent systems, Speech, Music and Hearing, TMH. (Music Acoustics)ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0700-7216
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2024 (English)In: Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing Research, ISSN 1092-4388, E-ISSN 1558-9102, Vol. 67, no 6, p. 1660-1681Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Purpose: Literature suggests a dependency of the acoustic metrics, smoothed cepstral peak prominence (CPPS) and harmonics-to-noise ratio (HNR), on human voice loudness and fundamental frequency (fo). Even though this has been explained with different oscillatory patterns of the vocal folds, so far, it has not been specifically investigated. In the present work, the influence of three elicitation levels, calibrated sound pressure level (SPL), fo and vowel on the electroglottographic (EGG) and time-differentiated EGG (dEGG) metrics hybrid open quotient (OQ), dEGG OQ and peak dEGG, as well as on the acous-tic metrics CPPS and HNR, was examined, and their suitability for voice assess-ment was evaluated. Method: In a retrospective study, 29 women with a mean age of 25 years (± 8.9, range: 18–53) diagnosed with structural vocal fold pathologies were examined before and after voice therapy or phonosurgery. Both acoustic and EGG signals were recorded simultaneously during the phonation of the sustained vowels /ɑ/, /i/, and /u/ at three elicited levels of loudness (soft/comfortable/loud) and unconstrained fo conditions. Results: A linear mixed-model analysis showed a significant effect of elicitation effort levels on peak dEGG, HNR, and CPPS (all p < .01). Calibrated SPL significantly influenced HNR and CPPS (both p < .01). Furthermore, F0had asignificant effect on peak dEGG and CPPS (p < .0001). All metrics showed significant changes with regard to vowel (all p < .05). However, the treatment had no effect on the examined metrics, regardless of the treatment type (surgery vs. voice therapy). Conclusions: The value of the investigated metrics for voice assessment purposes when sampled without sufficient control of SPL and fo is limited, in that they are significantly influenced by the phonatory context, be it speech or elicited sustained vowels. Future studies should explore the diagnostic value of new data collation approaches such as voice mapping, which take SPL and fo effects into account.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
American Speech Language Hearing Association , 2024. Vol. 67, no 6, p. 1660-1681
National Category
Otorhinolaryngology
Research subject
Speech and Music Communication
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-346605DOI: 10.1044/2024_JSLHR-23-00253ISI: 001245110000002PubMedID: 38758676Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85192238446OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-346605DiVA, id: diva2:1858926
Note

QC 20240703

Available from: 2024-05-20 Created: 2024-05-20 Last updated: 2025-02-21Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Mapping voice quality in normal, pathological and synthetic voices
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Mapping voice quality in normal, pathological and synthetic voices
2025 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Voice quality evaluation is an integral aspect of both clinical and technological applications, encompassing areas such as speech therapy, phonation disorder diagnosis, and text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis. Traditional methods of assessing voice quality are often subjective, relying on auditory-perceptual evaluation scales, which introduce variability and bias. This thesis explores several novel applications for objective voice quality assessment, utilizing voice mapping—a visualization technique that integrates voice range and quality metrics. By plotting acoustic and electroglottographic (EGG) metrics across a plane defined by fundamental frequency (fo) and sound pressure level (SPL), voice mapping enables a comprehensive understanding of vocal characteristics.

This thesis is based on a compilation of five studies, three of which have been published in archive journals and two of which are in revision at this writing. Paper I establishes the foundational relationship between voice metrics and the fo and the SPL using data from individuals with vocal disorders. Paper II extends the methodology by employing clustering techniques to classify phonation types based on a diverse dataset of normophonic adults and children. Paper III applies voice mapping to pre- and post-thyroidectomy recordings, revealing surgery-induced changes in voice quality and range. Paper IV develops a deep learning-based model for predicting EGG signals from acoustic recordings. Paper V demonstrates the utility of voice mapping in evaluating the performance of synthetic TTS voices, indicating its potential for objective, metric-based TTS quality assessment.

This thesis further speaks for the importance of integrating acoustic and EGG metrics to achieve an objective assessment of voice quality. The metrics used in this approach, including acoustic and EGG-based measures, capture aspects of phonation in both the time and frequency domains, enabling detailed characterization of vocal dynamics. The findings demonstrate that voice mapping is effective not only in clinical settings for understanding voicedisorders but also offers a robust framework for evaluating synthetic voices, helping to bridge the gap between perceptual evaluation and quantitative analysis. Future directions include refining clustering methodologies, enhancing EGG prediction accuracy, and expanding the application of voice mapping to broader clinical and technological applications.

Abstract [sv]

Utvärdering av röstkvalitet är en viktig aspekt inom både kliniska och teknologiska tillämpningar och omfattar områden som talterapi, diagnos av fonationsstörningar och text-till-tal (TTS) syntes. Traditionella metoder för att bedöma röstkvalitet är ofta subjektiva och bygger på auditiv-perceptuella utvärderingsskalor, vilket kan leda till variation och partiskhet. Denna avhandling utforskar flera nya tillämpningar för objektiv röstkvalitetsbedömning med hjälp av röstkartläggning – en visualiseringsteknik som integrerar röstomfång och kvalitetsmått. Genom att plotta akustiska och elektroglottografiska (EGG) mått på ett plan definierat av grundtonsfrekvens (fo) och ljudtrycksnivå (SPL), möjliggör röstkartläggning en omfattande förståelse av röstegenskaper.

Denna avhandling bygger på en sammanställning av fem studier, varav tre har publicerats i arkivtidskrifter, och två i skrivande stund är under granskning. Artikel I påvisar det grundläggande beroendet hos röstmått av grundtonsfrekvens och ljudtrycksnivå, genom analys av data från individer med röststörningar. Artikel II utökar metodiken genom att använda klustringstekniker för att klassificera fonationstyper baserat på ett inspelnings-korpus av normofoniska vuxna och barn. Artikel III tillämpar röstkartläggning på inspelningar före och efter tyroidektomi och påvisar kirurgiska förändringar i röstkvalitet och omfång. Artikel IV redogör för en djupinlärningsbaserad modell för att förutspå EGG-signaler från akustiska inspelningar. Artikel V visar nyttan av röstkartläggning vid utvärdering av syntetiska TTS-röster och lyfter fram dess potential för objektiv, måttbaserad bedömning av TTS-kvalitet.

Denna avhandling belyser vikten av att integrera akustiska och EGG-mått för att uppnå en objektiv bedömning av röstkvalitet. De mått som används i denna metodik, inklusive akustiska och EGG-baserade mått, fångar aspekter av fonation i såväl tids- som frekvensdomänen, vilket möjliggör en detaljerad karakterisering av röstens dynamik. Resultaten visar att röstkartläggning är effektiv inte bara i kliniska miljöer för att förstå röststörningar utan också erbjuder en robust ram för utvärdering av syntetiska röster. Röstkartor bidrar till synergin mellan perceptuell och kvantitativ röstanalys. Framtida forskningsinriktningar inkluderar förbättring av klustringsmetoder, ökad noggrannhet i EGG-prediktion och utvidgning av röstkartläggning till bredare kliniska och teknologiska tillämpningar.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2025. p. 72
Series
TRITA-EECS-AVL ; 2025:25
Keywords
Voice quality, voice mapping, text-to-speech (TTS), electroglottography (EGG), acoustic metrics, Röstkvalitet, röstkartläggning, text-till-tal (TTS), elektroglottografi (EGG), akustiska mått
National Category
Signal Processing
Research subject
Computer Science
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-360211 (URN)978-91-8106-206-9 (ISBN)
Public defence
2025-03-14, https://kth-se.zoom.us/j/61856204062?pwd=0aLP1ptM9OMUaaXUFuSBxV6bbu74iO.1, Rum B:218, Q2, Malvinas Väg 10, KTH Campus, Stockholm, 14:00 (English)
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Note

QC 20250224

Available from: 2025-02-24 Created: 2025-02-21 Last updated: 2025-03-05Bibliographically approved

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Ternström, StenCai, Huanchen

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