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Optimizing the Fronthaul in C-RAN by Deep Reinforcement Learning: Latency Constrained Fronthaul optimization with Deep Reinforment Learning
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS).
2023 (English)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Optimering av Fronthaul i C-RAN med Djup Förstärknings Inlärning : Latens begränsad Fronthaul Optimering med Djup Förstärknings Inlärning (Swedish)
Abstract [en]

Centralized Radio Access Networks or C-RAN for short is a type of network that aims to centralize perform some of it's computation at centralized locations. Since a lot of functionality is centralized we can show from multiplexing that the centralization leads to lower operating costs. The drawback with C-RAN are the huge bandwidth requirements over the fronthaul. We know that scenarios where all cells experience high load is a very low probability scenario. Since functions are centralized this also allows more adaptability, we can choose to change the communication standard for each cell depending on the load scenario. In this thesis we set out to create such a controller with the use of Deep Reinforcement Learning. The problem overall is difficult due to the complexity of modelling the problem, but also since C-RAN is a relatively new concept in the telecom world. We solved this problem with two traditional reinforcement learning algorithms, DQN and SAC. We define a constraint optimization problem and phrase it in such a way that the problem can be solved with a deep reinforcement learning algorithm. We found that the learning worked pretty well and we can show that our trained policies satisfy the constraint. With these results one could show that resource allocations problems can be solved pretty well by a deep reinforcement learning controller.

Abstract [sv]

Centralized Radio Access Networks eller C-RAN som förkortning är en kommunications nätverk som siktar på att centralisera vissa funktioner i centrala platser. Eftersom mmånga funktioner är centraliserade så kan vi visa från statistisk multiplexing att hög trafik scenarion över många celler är av låg sannolikhet vilket leder till lägre service kostnader. Nackdelen med C-RAN är den höga bandbredds kravet över fronthaulen. Trafik scenarion där alla celler utsäts för hög last är väldigt låg sannolikhet så kan vi dimensionera fronthaulen för att klara mindre än det värsta trafik scenariot. Eftersom funktioner är centralizerade så tillåter det även att vi kan adaptivt anpassa resurser för trafiken. I denna uppsats så kommer vi att skapa en sådan kontroller med djup reinforcement learning. Problemet är komplext att modellera och C-RAN är ett relativt nytt concept i telecom världen. Vi löser detta problem med två traditionella algoritmer, deep Q networks(DQN) och soft actor critic(SAC). Vi definierar ett vilkorligt optimerings problem och visar hur det kan formuleras som ett inlärnings problem. Vi visar att denna metod funkar rätt bra som en lösning till problemet och att den uppfyller bivilkoren. Våra resultat visar att resurs allokerings problem kan lösas nära optimalitet med reinforcement learning.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology , 2023. , p. 64
Series
TRITA-EECS-EX ; 2024:115
Keywords [en]
Machine learning, Deep Reinforcement Learning, C-RAN, Fronthaul, Performance Evaluation
Keywords [sv]
Maskininlärning, Djup Förstärkningslärning, C-RAN, Fronthaul, Prestanda Utvärdering
National Category
Computer Sciences Information Systems Telecommunications
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-347572OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-347572DiVA, id: diva2:1868496
External cooperation
Huawei
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2024-06-22 Created: 2024-06-11 Last updated: 2024-06-22Bibliographically approved

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CiteExportLink to record
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