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Safe Data-Driven Model Predictive Control of Systems with Complex Dynamics
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Intelligent systems, Robotics, Perception and Learning, RPL.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4933-1778
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Intelligent systems, Robotics, Perception and Learning, RPL.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9516-6764
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Intelligent systems, Robotics, Perception and Learning, RPL.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2965-2953
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Intelligent systems, Robotics, Perception and Learning, RPL.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4173-2593
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2023 (English)In: IEEE Transactions on robotics, ISSN 1552-3098, E-ISSN 1941-0468, Vol. 39, no 4, p. 3242-3258Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

In this article, we address the task and safety performance of data-driven model predictive controllers (DD-MPC) for systems with complex dynamics, i.e., temporally or spatially varying dynamics that may also be discontinuous. The three challenges we focus on are the accuracy of learned models, the receding horizon-induced myopic predictions of DD-MPC, and the active encouragement of safety. To learn accurate models for DD-MPC, we cautiously, yet effectively, explore the dynamical system with rapidly exploring random trees (RRT) to collect a uniform distribution of samples in the state-input space and overcome the common distribution shift in model learning. The learned model is further used to construct an RRT tree that estimates how close the model's predictions are to the desired target. This information is used in the cost function of the DD-MPC to minimize the short-sighted effect of its receding horizon nature. To promote safety, we approximate sets of safe states using demonstrations of exclusively safe trajectories, i.e., without unsafe examples, and encourage the controller to generate trajectories close to the sets. As a running example, we use a broken version of an inverted pendulum where the friction abruptly changes in certain regions. Furthermore, we showcase the adaptation of our method to a real-world robotic application with complex dynamics: robotic food-cutting. Our results show that our proposed control framework effectively avoids unsafe states with higher success rates than baseline controllers that employ models from controlled demonstrations and even random actions.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) , 2023. Vol. 39, no 4, p. 3242-3258
Keywords [en]
Data-driven modelling, dimensionality reduction, formal specifications, predictive control, sampling methods
National Category
Robotics and automation
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-349873DOI: 10.1109/TRO.2023.3266995ISI: 000986623300001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85159813435OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-349873DiVA, id: diva2:1882115
Note

QC 20240704

Available from: 2024-07-04 Created: 2024-07-04 Last updated: 2025-02-09Bibliographically approved

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Mitsioni, IoannaTajvar, PouriaKragic, DanicaTumova, JanaPek, Christian

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