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Linker optimization of Affibody-AAV fusion and enrichment offull AAV capsids through ion exchange chromatography
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science.
2024 (English)Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
AAV linker-optimering och berikning av fulla capsider genom jonbyteskromatografi (Swedish)
Abstract [sv]

Genterapi baserat på adeno-associerade virus (AAV) är en behandling som innebär att introduceragenetiskt material i en cell med hjälp av en icke-patogen vektor. Dock finns det fortfarandeutmaningar med tekniken som kan beaktas för optimering. Tomma kapsider bildas under produktionenoch off-target-infektioner samt bristande målinriktning leder till höga kostnader och immunogenicitetför patienten. Att fusera affinitetsproteinet Affibody, som kan binda till en särksild receptor på cell-ytan, med AAVer kan rikta virusen mer mot mål-celler. I detta projekt undersöks längden på länken mellan Affibody och AAV-kapsiden genom genetiska modifieringar och utvärderas med avseende påbindning och transduktionskapacitet. Åtta olika Affibody-AAV med olika länklängderframställdes framgångsrikt. Alla konstrukt kunde binda till receptorn in vitro. Ett konstrukt visade högst infektivitet vid test på ExpiCHO-cellinjer med receptorn uttryckt på ytan. Jonbyteskromatografi utforskades också för att separera fulla AAV-kapsider från tomma, för att potentiellt öka den terapeutiska effekten. Ett inledande försök genomfördes, med lyckad bindning av AAV:er till kolumnen och en separation av AAV:er, dock med okänd andel tomma kontra fulla kapsider. Dessa resultat utgör grunden för ytterligare utveckling och optimering för att nå en separation med två kapsid-populationer. Övergripande utforskar detta projekt och resulterar i försök med lovande resultat för att förbättra specificiteten och effektiviteten hos AAV-baserad genterapi för terapeutiska tillämpningar.

Abstract [en]

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) based gene therapy is the therapeutic treatment of introducing geneticmaterial into a cell, with the help of a non-pathogenic vector. However, there are still challenges of the technique to be considered for optimization. Empty capsids are being formed during production andoff-target infection and insufficient targeting leads to high costs and immunogenicity for the patient. Fusing the affinity protein Affibody, with affinity towards a certain cell surface receptor, to the AAV can increase targeting. In this project, the length of the linker between the Affibody and thecapsid is being investigated through genetic modifications and evaluated in terms of bindingand transduction capacity. Eight different Affibody-AAVs with different linker lengths weresuccessfully produced. All constructs were able to bind the its specific receptor in vitro. One construct showed highest transduction efficiency when tested on receptor-expressing ExpiCHO-cell lines. Ion exchange chromatography was also explored to separate full AAV capsids from empty ones, which could in a therapeutic setting increase the therapeutic efficiency of AAVs. An initial attempt was achieved, with a successful binding of AAVs to the column. A separation of AAVs was also achieved, however with unknown fractions of empty versus full capsids. These results make up the basis for further development and optimization to reach a two-capsid population separation. Overall, this project results in efforts with promising outcomes to enhance specificity and effectiveness of AAV-based gene therapy for therapeutic applications.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2024.
Series
TRITA-CBH-GRU ; 2024:271
Keywords [en]
Affibody, Gene therapy, Adeno Associated Virus, Linker adjustments, Ion exchange chromatography
Keywords [sv]
Affibody, Genterapi, Adenoassocierade virus, Linker justering, Jonbyteskromatografi
National Category
Medical Biotechnology (with a focus on Cell Biology (including Stem Cell Biology), Molecular Biology, Microbiology, Biochemistry or Biopharmacy)
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-351062OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-351062DiVA, id: diva2:1886087
Subject / course
Biotechnology
Educational program
Master of Science - Medical Biotechnology
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2024-07-30 Created: 2024-07-30

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