kth.sePublications
Change search
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
Integrative analysis of spatial transcriptomics, metabolomics, and histologic changes illustrated in tissue injury studies
Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Predictive AI & Data, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK.
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Gene Technology. KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Safety Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3755-718X
Safety Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Integrated Bioanalysis, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK.
Show others and affiliations
(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Recent developments in spatially resolved omics have expanded studies linking gene expression, epigenetic alterations, protein levels, and metabolite intensity to tissue histology. The integration of multiple spatial measurements can offer new insights into alterations propagating across modalities, however, it also presents experimental and computational challenges. 

To set the multimodal data into a shared coordinate system for enhanced integration and analysis, we propose MAGPIE, a framework for co-registering spatially resolved transcriptomics and spatial metabolomics measurements on the same or consecutive tissue sections, present within their existing histological context. Further, we showcase the utility of the MAGPIE framework on spatial multi-omics data from lung tissue, an inherently heterogeneous tissue type with integrity challenges and for which we developed an experimental sampling strategy to allow multimodal data generation. In these case studies, we were able to link pharmaceutical co-detection with endogenous responses in rat lung tissue following inhalation of a small molecule, which had previously been stopped during preclinical development with findings of lung irritation, and to characterise the metabolic and transcriptomic landscape in a mouse model of drug-induced pulmonary fibrosis in conjunction with histopathology annotations.

The generalisability and scalability of the MAGPIE framework were further benchmarked on public datasets from multiple species and tissue types, demonstrating applicability to both DESI and MALDI mass spectrometry imaging together with Visium-enabled transcriptomic assessment. MAGPIE highlights the refined resolution and increased interpretability of spatial multimodal analyses in studying tissue injury, particularly in a pharmacological context, and offers a modular, accessible computational workflow for data integration.

Keywords [en]
Spatially resolved transcriptomics, Visium, Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Histology, Multi-omics, Pipeline, Data analysis, Data integration
National Category
Bioinformatics (Computational Biology) Cell and Molecular Biology
Research subject
Biotechnology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-354731OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-354731DiVA, id: diva2:1905143
Funder
AstraZenecaSwedish Foundation for Strategic Research
Note

QC 20241016

Available from: 2024-10-11 Created: 2024-10-11 Last updated: 2024-10-16Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Spatial analysis of tissue transcriptomes in health and disease
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Spatial analysis of tissue transcriptomes in health and disease
2024 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The human body consists of complex tissue structures, and their integrity and functions are critical for our well-being. By studying the gene expression within our tissues, we can generate an enhanced understanding of the mechanisms at play in healthy and diseased states. Through novel innovations within the biotechnology field, the scale and resolution of transcriptomic approaches have drastically improved. Moving from the traditional bulk-level analysis, we are currently able to study transcriptome-wide gene expression in individual cells as well as in thin tissue sections where the spatial origins of the transcripts are preserved. One of the leading technologies for obtaining spatially resolved transcriptomics data is Visium, which enables sequencing-based global transcriptomics analysis with high spatial resolution coupled with a microscopy image of the tissue histology. This powerful technique can be applied to generate molecular maps of heterogeneous tissues for in-depth characterization of cellular niches and dynamics associated with responses to exogenous substances and/or pathology. Thus, the application of spatially resolved transcriptomics, as demonstrated in this thesis, has the potential to aid our understanding of diseases and guide the development of better treatments.

Firstly, to be able to extract biologically relevant knowledge from the rich datasets generated by the Visium platform there needs to be well-functioning and accessible bioinformatics tools. As presented in article I, we have developed a new computational toolkit called semla, written in the widely used programming language R, for the analysis and visualization of Visium data. Building on top of previous R packages, semla brings several new functionalities for performing and exploring spatial analyses of tissue gene expression data, with an emphasis on versatility and accessibility.

Article II presents the first-ever spatially resolved transcriptomics data generated and analyzed for human white adipose tissue, collected from donors of normal to obese weight ranges. By characterizing adipocytes in situ, we were able to distinguish three distinct adipocyte subtypes and describe their profiles in terms of transcriptional signatures, spatial characteristics, and association with obesity. Furthermore, samples from human donors subjected to insulin treatment were analyzed and revealed that only one of the three adipocyte subtypes appeared to elicit a response to the presence of insulin.

For article III, we studied the devastating disease idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis using Visium. Here, we present a comprehensive map of the transcriptome within the fibrotic niches in affected lung tissues and use computational approaches to detangle disease-associated mechanisms. In addition, there is a critical need for suitable preclinical models of this disease to develop new highly sought-after therapeutics. Therefore, we investigated the spatial landscape of the lungs of the most widely used mouse model for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and could perform translational comparisons of the fibrotic disease manifestations in the two respective settings.

From our lung fibrosis mouse model samples, we moreover processed serial tissue sections with mass spectrometry imaging to generate matched spatial multimodal data. Driven by the need to integrate the spatial omics data, we developed a new computational pipeline for joint spatial multimodal processing. Presented in article IV is our computational framework, MAGPIE, designed to align Visium and mass spectrometry imaging data into a shared coordinate system through a flexible and streamlined pipeline that outputs files readily readable by downstream analysis toolkits such as semla. We demonstrate and benchmark the utility of MAGPIE using various datasets and showcase the strength of having spatial multi-omics data for studying disease mechanisms and local responses to pharmaceutical substances.

Abstract [sv]

Människokroppen består av komplexa vävnadsstrukturer, och deras integritet och funktion är avgörande för vårt välbefinnande. Genom att studera genuttrycket inom våra vävnader kan vi få en fördjupad förståelse för de mekanismer som är verksamma både när vi är friska och sjuka. Med nya framsteg inom bioteknik så har omfattningen och upplösningen hos metoderna för att analysera transkriptomet drastiskt förbättras. Från traditionell analys på bulk-nivå kan vi nu studera hela transkriptomets genuttryck hos enskilda celler samt inom tunna vävnadssnitt där ursprunget av transkriptens position har bevarats. En av de ledande teknologierna för att erhålla spatiellt upplöst transkriptomikdata är Visium, där sekvenseringsbaserad global analys av transkriptomet kan utföras med hög rumslig upplösning kopplat till en mikroskopibild av vävnadens histologi. Denna kraftfulla teknik kan tillämpas för att skapa molekylära kartor över heterogena vävnader för en djupgående karaktärisering av cellulära nischer och dynamik som är förknippade med svar på exogena substanser och/eller patologier. Således har tillämpningen av transkriptomik med spatiell upplösning potential att hjälpa vår sjukdomsförståelse och bidra till utvecklingen av bättre behandlingsmetoder.

För att kunna extrahera biologiskt relevant kunskap från de omfattande dataset som genereras via Visium-plattformen, behövs välfungerande och tillgängliga bio-informatiska verktyg. I artikel I har vi skapat ett nytt verktyg vid namn semla. Det är skrivet i det brett använda programmeringsspråket R, för analys och visualisering av Visium-data. Genom att bygga vidare på tidigare R-paket tillför semla flera nya funktioner för att utföra spatiella analyser av genuttrycksdata i vävnader, med fokus på mångsidighet och tillgänglighet. 

Artikel II presenterar den första spatiellt upplösta transkriptomikdatan genererad för human vit fettvävnad, som är insamlad från donatorer med normalvikt till fetma. Genom att karakterisera adipocyter in situ kunde vi urskilja tre distinkta adipocyt-subtyper och beskriva deras profiler utifrån transkriptionella signaturer, spatiella kännetecken och koppling till fetma. Vidare analyserades prover från humana donatorer som fått insulintillförsel, vilket visade att endast en av de tre adipocyt-subtyperna verkade uppvisa ett svar på närvaron av insulin.

För artikel III studerade vi den förödande sjukdomen idiopatisk lungfibros med hjälp av Visium. Här presenterar vi en omfattande karta över transkriptomet inom de fibrotiska nischerna i sjuk lungvävnad och använder bioinformatiska metoder för att reda ut sjukdomsassocierade mekanismer. Dessutom finns det ett kritiskt behov av lämpligare prekliniska modeller för denna sjukdom för att kunna utveckla nya, bättre behandlingar. Därför undersökte vi det spatiella landskapet i lungor från den mest använda musmodellen för idiopatisk lungfibros och kunde genomföra translationella jämförelser av de fibrotiska sjukdomsyttringarna i de två modellerna.

Med prover från lungfibrosmusmodellen processade vi dessutom seriella vävnadssnitt med rumsbunden masspektrometri (MSI) för att generera matchad spatiell multimodal data. Med målet att integrera den spatiella omik-datan utvecklade vi en ny pipeline för sammanslagning av den spatiella multimodala datan. I artikel IV presenteras vår lösning, MAGPIE, som är utformad för att sätta Visium- och MSI-data i ett gemensamt koordinatsystem genom en flexibel och effektiv pipeline som genererar filer som lätt kan bearbetas av efterföljande analysverktyg som exempelvis semla. Vi demonstrerar och utvärderar nyttan av MAGPIE med hjälp av olika dataset och visar på styrkan med att använda spatiell multi-omikdata för att studera sjukdoms-mekanismer och lokala vävnadsresponser från läkemedelssubstanser.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm, Sweden: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2024. p. 81
Series
TRITA-CBH-FOU ; 2024:39
Keywords
spatially resolved transcriptomics, spatial transcriptomics, transcriptomics, spatial analysis, disease biology, adipose, lung, bioinformatics
National Category
Cell and Molecular Biology Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Medical Biotechnology (with a focus on Cell Biology (including Stem Cell Biology), Molecular Biology, Microbiology, Biochemistry or Biopharmacy)
Research subject
Biotechnology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-354759 (URN)978-91-8106-079-9 (ISBN)
Public defence
2024-11-22, Air&Fire, Tomtebodavägen 23a, via Zoom: https://kth-se.zoom.us/j/64393893293, Solna, 10:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

QC 2024-10-15

Available from: 2024-10-15 Created: 2024-10-11 Last updated: 2025-02-05Bibliographically approved

Open Access in DiVA

fulltext(3686 kB)299 downloads
File information
File name FULLTEXT01.pdfFile size 3686 kBChecksum SHA-512
0d687cb2a1e1cd203f585879f68a14b500c086bb28256fbfc7dd88222a5e0c8f52046b470e996b1485e2972624b739e8bf4f49321692ad1bd4c1852c0acc15ad
Type fulltextMimetype application/pdf

Authority records

Franzén, LovisaEscudero Morlanes, JavierVicari, MarcoStåhl, Patrik

Search in DiVA

By author/editor
Franzén, LovisaEscudero Morlanes, JavierVicari, MarcoStåhl, Patrik
By organisation
Gene TechnologyScience for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab
Bioinformatics (Computational Biology)Cell and Molecular Biology

Search outside of DiVA

GoogleGoogle Scholar
Total: 299 downloads
The number of downloads is the sum of all downloads of full texts. It may include eg previous versions that are now no longer available

urn-nbn

Altmetric score

urn-nbn
Total: 844 hits
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf