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EquiBike: Finding Equilibrium - Mechatronic Construction of a Self-Balancing Bicycle
KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Engineering Design, Mechatronics and Embedded Control Systems.
KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Engineering Design, Mechatronics and Embedded Control Systems.
2024 (English)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
EquiBike : Finna Jämvikt - Mekatronisk Konstruktion av en Självbalanserande Cykel (Swedish)
Abstract [en]

As mechatronics is a more and more relevant part of the modern society, new inventions that can ease everyday life are constantly developed. The idea of this project was to design and build a prototype of a self balancing bicycle. A few examples of areas of applications for the bicycle could be package delivering services, transport vehicles for people that have reduced cognitive functions, warehouse work or nature surveillance. The prototype robot was designed as a small-scaled bicycle with a reaction wheel attached to an electrical motor. The balancing act was performed by measuring the offset angle from equilibrium with a sensor equipped with an accelerometer and a gyroscope, which communicated with the motor. All of the components were connected to an Arduino Uno, which allowed for the collection of data from the sensor readings, as well as control of the motor. A PID controller was implemented in order for the prototype to achieve the desired balancing behaviour. The functionality of the components were tested extensively, both individually and integrated together in the system. The results were that the robot performed the correct motion based on the sensor readings but due to the PID controller not being tested enough, the bicycle did not manage to balance on its own. The conclusion was that this type of robot can indeed be built and function as intended but that more fine tuning of the controller would be required for the bicycle to balance on its own.

Abstract [sv]

Eftersom mekatronik blir allt mer relevant i det moderna samhället utvecklas ständigt nya uppfinningar som kan underlätta vardagen. Idén med detta projekt var att designa och bygga en prototyp av en självbalanserande cykel. Några exempel på tillämpningar för cykeln skulle kunna vara postleveranser, transportfordon för personer med nedsatt kognitiva förmågor, lagerarbete eller övervakning av naturområden. Denna robot designades som en småskalig cykel med ett reaktionshjul fastsatt på en elektrisk motor. Balansakten utfördes genom att mäta avvikelsevinkeln från jämvikt med en sensor utrustad med en accelerometer och ett gyroskop som kommunicerar med motorn. Alla komponenter kopplades till en Arduino Uno som tillät insamling av data från sensoravläsningarna samt kontroll av motorn. En PID-regulator implementerades för att prototypen skulle kunna uppnå det önskade balanserande beteendet. Funktionaliteten av komponenterna testades omfattande, både individuellt och integrerade i systemet. Resultaten var att roboten utförde de korrekta rörelserna baserade på sensoravläsningarna men på grund av att PID-regulatorn inte testades tillräckligt så lyckades inte cykeln balansera av sig själv. Slutsatsen är att den här typen av robot kan byggas och fungera som avsett men att mer finjustering av regulatorn skulle krävas för att cykeln skulle kunna balansera av sig själv.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2024. , p. 36
Series
TRITA-ITM-EX ; 2024:48
Keywords [en]
Arduino Microcontroller, Motion Processing Unit, Proportional Integral Derivative Control, Reaction Wheel, Self-Balancing
Keywords [sv]
Arduino Mikrokontroller, Rörelseprocessorenhet, Proportionell Integral Deriverande Kontroll, Reaktionshjul, Självbalanserande
National Category
Mechanical Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-354977OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-354977DiVA, id: diva2:1906618
Subject / course
Mechatronics
Educational program
Master of Science in Engineering - Mechanical Engineering
Presentation
2024-05-21, 00:00
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2024-10-18 Created: 2024-10-18 Last updated: 2024-10-18Bibliographically approved

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