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Simulation of Shot Peening of Case Hardened Gear Steel
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Engineering Mechanics, Material and Structural Mechanics.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6593-5996
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Engineering Mechanics, Material and Structural Mechanics.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8068-2360
2024 (English)Report (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

A material model for predicting fatigue related changes due to shot peening is developed. The model includes plastic behaviour at large strains and transformation of retained austenite. The model is simplified to limit the amount of material parameters needed and an iterative approach is used to fit the parameters to experimental data in the form of uniaxial tests on through hardened specimens, single impacts of carbide balls on polished case hardened test plates and on shot peened, ground test plates. With good accuracy, reasonable computer resources and basic experimental techniques to fit the model parameters, the model can predict; residual stresses, retained austenite transformation and work hardening in form of Vickers hardness increase. The model is also adequate for parameter studies as exemplified by changing media hardness, coverage or media shape variations. For surface roughness predictions, the initial surface roughness of the target must be included and future work is needed there.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2024. , p. 49
National Category
Other Mechanical Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-356012OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-356012DiVA, id: diva2:1911474
Note

QC 20241108

Available from: 2024-11-08 Created: 2024-11-08 Last updated: 2024-11-09Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Shot peening of case hardened gear steel: Experiments and computations
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Shot peening of case hardened gear steel: Experiments and computations
2024 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

 Shot peening is a process where small balls are shot at (impacting on)a target, e.g. gear teeth, so that indents are formed on the targetsurface. On gears the purpose of the peening is to increase the fatiguestrength. The indents are formed because the surface is plasticallydeformed which in turn cause three main property changes; residualcompressive stresses are created close below the surface,microstructural changes to the steel material and surface topographychanges.The shot peening process in itself is controlled with parameters suchas: Intensity, Coverage, Media hardness and shape. Simulating shotpeening requires information about the impact velocity. A method todetermine the velocity during the shot peening is presented. A materialmodel that includes plastic deformation and retained austenitetransformation is developed and can predict the experimental resultswith adequate accuracy for the basic model. Parameter variations showthat increased accuracy can be obtained by including a distribution inmedia shape. This would, however, increase the complexity andsimulation time considerably. Using spherical media was judged to bea good compromise. Residual compressive stresses and work hardeningare predicted well. Surface roughness predictions on ground partswould need to include the ground surface on the simulation target. 

Abstract [sv]

Shot peening eller Kulpening/kulbombning på svenska, är en process där små kulor skjuts mot ett objekt så att intryckningar bildas på ytan. På kugghjul används kulpening för att höja utmattningsstyrkan. Intryckningarna bildas för att ytan deformeras plastiskt vilket i sin tur orsakar tre huvudsakliga förändringar av egenskaperna; tryckrestspänningar i ett område nära ytan, mikrostrukturförändringar hos stålet och topografiska ändringar på ytan.

Kulpening kontrolleras med intensitet, täckning, kulornas hårdhet och form. Vid simulering av kulpening måste kulornas islagshastighet vara känd och en metod för att bestämma denna från den praktiska kulpeningen har utvecklats. En materialmodell som tar hänsyn till både plasticitet och restaustenitomvandling har utvecklats och kan prediktera de experimentella resultaten med tillräcklig noggrannhet för den enklaste modellen. Parametervariationer visar att ökad prediktionsförmåga kan fås om en fördelning av kulornas form används. Detta skulle dock öka komplexiteten avsevärt och innebära längre simuleringstider. Sfäriska kulor rekommenderas som en bra kompromiss för generella slutsatser. Restspänningar och hårdhetsförändringar predikteras bra. För ytfinhetsutvärderingar på slipade komponenter, måste en slipad struktur användas på den simulerade ytan.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2024. p. 36
Series
TRITA-SCI-FOU ; 2024:47
Keywords
Shot peening, Gear steel
National Category
Other Mechanical Engineering
Research subject
Solid Mechanics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-356014 (URN)978-91-8106-076-8 (ISBN)
Public defence
2024-11-22, https://kth-se.zoom.us/j/62697210590, D37, Lindstedtsvägen 9, KTH, Stockholm, 10:00
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

QC 241112

Available from: 2024-11-11 Created: 2024-11-09 Last updated: 2024-11-21Bibliographically approved

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Nordin, ErlandOlsson, Mårten

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