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Promiscuous Acyltransferases for Biosurfactant Synthesis
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Industrial Biotechnology.
2024 (English)Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Promiskuösa Acyltransferaser för Syntes av Biosurfaktanter (Swedish)
Abstract [sv]

Cellfri biokatalys erbjuder ett lovande tillvägagångssätt för hållbar syntes av biosurfaktanter, med fördelar som minskning av avfall, utnyttjande av förnybara råvaror och energieffektivitet. Dock fortsätter de höga kostnaderna för enzymutveckling att utgöra hinder för en utbredd implementering av dessa processer. Denna studie undersöker potentialen att använda naturliga enzymer för syntesen av amfifila sockerestrar (ASE). Med hjälp av beräkningsverktyg med öppen källkod valdes 11 naturliga hydrolaser och karboxylesteraser för deras acylöverföringsaktivitet och förmåga att acceptera sockersubstrat. Sekvenslikhetsanalys, i kombination med enzymutvinningsverktyg, användes för att identifiera kandidater som uppvisar promiskuös acylöverföringsaktivitet. Två grupper av enzymer undersöktes: MsAcT- relaterade hydrolaser och familj VIII karboxylesteraser.

Detta projekt visade framgångsrikt en metodik för upptäckten av två klasser av promiskuösa acyltransferaser genom användning av beräkningsverktyg med öppen källkod, sekvensanpassning och analys. Totalt identifierades sex nya promiskuösa acyltransferaser som alla katalyserar bildningen av bensylacetat. Vidare lyfter resultaten fram betydelsen av hydrofoba sidokejdori den del av den aktiva ytan som agerar som acylacceptor för MsAcT och dess homologer i acyleringen av bensylalkohol. En viktig upptäckt i denna studie var identifieringen av fyra karboxlyesteraser som innehåller WAG-motivet och som uppvisade promiskuös acyltransferasaktivitet. Denna upptäckt ger värdefulla insikter i variationerna inom KTG-box-motivet som möjliggör denna aktivitet i hydrolaser.

Abstract [en]

Cell-free biocatalysis presents a promising approach for sustainable biosurfactant synthesis, offering advantages such as waste reduction, utilization of renewable feedstocks, and energy efficiency. However, the high cost of enzyme development continues to hinder the widespread implementation of these processes. This study explores the potential of leveraging native enzymes for the synthesis of amphiphilic sugar esters (ASE). Using open-source computational tools, 11 native hydrolases, and carboxylesterases were selected and assessed for their acyl transfer activity and ability to accept sugar substrates. Sequence similarity analysis, coupled with enzyme-mining tools, were employed to identify candidates exhibiting promiscuous acyl transfer activity. Two groups of enzymes were examined: one comprising MsAcT-related hydrolases and the other, family VIII carboxylesterases.

This project successfully demonstrated a methodology for the discovery of two classes of promiscuous acyltransferases using open-access computational tools, sequence alignment, and analysis. A total of six novel promiscuous acyltransferases were identified, all of which catalyze the formation of benzyl acetate. Furthermore, results highlight the significance of hydrophobic residues in the acyl acceptor active site for MsAcT and its homologs in the acylation of benzyl alcohol. A significant finding in this study was the identification of four carboxylesterases containing the WAG motif, which exhibited promiscuous acyl transfer activity. This finding offers valuable insights into the variations within the KTG-box motif that enable this activity in hydrolases.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2024.
Series
TRITA-CBH-GRU ; 2024:390
Keywords [en]
Biosurfaktant, Amfifila Sockerestrar, Biokatalys, Acyltransferaser, Synthes, Biosurfactant, Amphiphilic Sugar Esters, Biocatalysis, Acyltransferase, Synthesis
National Category
Biocatalysis and Enzyme Technology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-356620OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-356620DiVA, id: diva2:1914685
Subject / course
Biotechnology
Educational program
Master of Science - Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2024-11-20 Created: 2024-11-20

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