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Tracking Tau Protein Deposits for Accurate and Early Detection of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Chemistry.
2024 (English)Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Spårning av Tau-Proteinansamlingar för Tidig och Korrekt Diagnostisering av Progressiv Supranukleär Pares (Swedish)
Abstract [sv]

Progressiv supranukleär pares (PSP), en neurodegenerativ sjukdom som klassificeras som en tauopati, utgör betydande utmaningar för klinisk diagnostik på grund av överlappande symtom med andra sjukdomar och undergrupper. Genom åren har icke-invasiva diagnostiska metoder utvecklats för att möjliggöra mer noggrann och tidig upptäckt av PSP och relaterade tauopatier. En nyligen utvecklad metod är luminiscerande konjugerade oligotiofener (LCO:er), en ny klass av fluorescerande ligander som visat hög selektivitet och känslighet för tau-proteinansamlingar. För att ytterligare särskilja tau-proteinansamlingar från andra patologiska kännetecken har man undersökt derivat av LCO:er, såsom tiofen-vinyl (TV) baserade ligander med distinkta heterocykliska ändgrupper. I denna studie undersöktes konformationsförändringarna hos en TV-baserade ligand med pyrrolopyridin som heterocyklisk ändgrupp, kallad HS-335, genom molekylärdynamiska (MD) simulationer i ett ligand-proteinsystem. Tre bindningsplatser identifierades som kandidater med dominerande van der Waals-interaktioner. Systemet begränsades sedan till själva bindningsplatserna och den interagerande liganden för att analysera ligandens bindningslägen. Pyrrolopyridin-gruppen visade sig huvudsakligen anta en trans-konformation i alla bindningsplatser. Dessutom skilde sig de icke-kovalenta interaktionsenergierna från de i det ursprungliga systemet, vilket gjorde identifieringen av den starkaste interagerande bindningplatsen omstridd tills den senare bekräftades av de uppskattade bindningsenergierna genom medelkraftspotentialen (PMF). Resultaten av denna studie banar väg för framtida undersökningar av ligandens spektrala egenskaper och dess tillämpning för tidig diagnostik av tauopatier.

Abstract [en]

Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), a neurodegenerative disorder classified as a tauopathy, continues to pose challenges for clinical diagnosis due to overlapping symptoms with subtypes and other disorders. Thus, non-invasive diagnostic approaches have been developed over the years in pursuit of more accurate and early detection of PSP and related tauopathies. A recent approach is luminescent conjugated oligothiophenes (LCOs), a novel class of fluorescent ligands reported to achieve high selectivity and sensitivity to tau protein deposits. To further distinguish tau protein deposits from other pathological features, derivatives of LCOs, such as thiophene-vinyl (TV) based ligands with distinct heterocyclic end moieties, have been investigated. In this study, the conformational changes of the TV-based ligand with pyrrolo pyridine as the heterocyclic end moiety, known as HS-335, were computationally investigated through molecular dynamics (MD) simulations in a ligand-protein system. Three candidate binding sites were identified, where van der Waals interactions predominated. The system was then limited to the binding sites and the interacting ligand to analyze the binding modes. The pyrrolo pyridine moiety was found to predominantly adopt a trans-conformation across all binding sites. Furthermore, the non-bonded interaction energies differed from those in the initial system, making the strongest interacting binding site questionable until it was subsequently confirmed by the estimated binding energies through the potential of mean force (PMF). The outcome of the study paves the way for future investigations of the spectral properties of the ligand and its application in the early diagnosis of tauopathies.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2024.
Series
TRITA-CBH-GRU ; 2024:405
Keywords [en]
Luminescent Conjugated Oligothiophenes, Molecular Dynamics, Progressive Supranuclear Palsy, Tauopathy, Tau Protein Deposits
Keywords [sv]
Luminiscerande Konjugerande Oligotiofener, Molekyldynamik, Progressiv Supranukleär Pares, Tauopati, Tau-Proteinansamling
National Category
Theoretical Chemistry
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-359816OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-359816DiVA, id: diva2:1937059
Subject / course
Chemistry
Educational program
Degree of Master - Molecular Science and Engineering
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2025-02-12 Created: 2025-02-12

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