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System optimum during the evacuation of pedestrians from a building: A minor field study.
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Mathematics (Dept.).
2012 (English)Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
Abstract [en]

During an emergency in a building complex, an effective evacuation is essentialto avoid crowd disasters. The evacuation efficiency could be enhanced both bychanging the layout of the building, and by changing the route guiding given tothe evacuating pedestrians. This thesis considers how to guide the evacuatingpedestrians so that the evacuation time is minimised.In this thesis, a dynamic network model, namely the point queue model, isused to form a linear programming problem whose solution is used to create anevacuation plan. By continuously updating the initial data in this model andsolving the problem with this new data, a feedback based control law is derivedbased on Model Predictive Control.The control law is tested on a simulation of the social force model for abuilding with five rooms and one respectively two exits. The result shows thatthe control law manages to efficiently guide the pedestrians out of the building,taking the varying distribution of pedestrians into account. The control lawfurther manages to handle minor errors in the layout information.                       Keywords. Evacuation modelling, pedestrian dynamics, optimal control

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2012.
Series
Trita-MAT. OS, ISSN 1401-2294 ; E364
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-103198OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-103198DiVA, id: diva2:558921
Subject / course
Optimization and Systems Theory
Supervisors
Available from: 2012-10-08 Created: 2012-10-05 Last updated: 2022-06-24Bibliographically approved

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fulltext(1200 kB)502 downloads
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CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

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Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf