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  • 1.
    Abbasi, Saeed
    et al.
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Machine Design (Dept.), Machine Elements.
    Ekstrand-Hammarström, Barbara
    Division of CBRN Defence and Security, Swedish Defence Research Agency (FOI),.
    Bergström, Ulrika
    Division of CBRN Defence and Security, Swedish Defence Research Agency (FOI),.
    Bucht, Anders
    Deptartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, 901 89, Sweden.
    Olofsson, Ulf
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Machine Design (Dept.), Machine Elements.
    Sellgren, Ulf
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Machine Design (Dept.), Machine Elements.
    Jansson, Anders
    Department of Applied Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, 106 91, Sweden.
    Biological response in lung cells by brake dust from a novel set-up to generate one sourcewear particles2013Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 2.
    Aberg, Anna Cristina
    et al.
    Uppsala Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Caring Sci, Geriatr, BMC, Box 564, SE-75122 Uppsala, Sweden.;Dalarna Univ, Sch Hlth & Welf, SE-79188 Falun, Sweden..
    Olsson, Fredrik
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Engineering Mechanics.
    Ahman, Hanna Bozkurt
    Uppsala Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Caring Sci, Geriatr, BMC, Box 564, SE-75122 Uppsala, Sweden..
    Tarassova, Olga
    Swedish Sch Sport & Hlth Sci, Lidingovagen 1, SE-11486 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Arndt, Anton
    Swedish Sch Sport & Hlth Sci, Lidingovagen 1, SE-11486 Stockholm, Sweden.;Karolinska Inst, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Giedraitis, Vilmantas
    Uppsala Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Caring Sci, Geriatr, BMC, Box 564, SE-75122 Uppsala, Sweden.;Dalarna Univ, Sch Hlth & Welf, SE-79188 Falun, Sweden..
    Berglund, Lars
    Uppsala Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Caring Sci, Geriatr, BMC, Box 564, SE-75122 Uppsala, Sweden.;Dalarna Univ, Sch Hlth & Welf, SE-79188 Falun, Sweden..
    Halvorsen, Kjartan
    Dalarna Univ, Sch Hlth & Welf, SE-79188 Falun, Sweden.;Tecnol Monterrey, Sch Sci & Engn, Dept Mechatron, Campus Estado Mexico, Atizapan 52926, Estado Mexico, Mexico..
    Extraction of gait parameters from marker-free video recordings of Timed Up-and-Go tests: Validity, inter- and intra-rater reliability2021In: Gait & Posture, ISSN 0966-6362, E-ISSN 1879-2219, Vol. 90, p. 489-495Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: We study dual-task performance with marker-free video recordings of Timed Up-and-Go tests (TUG) and TUG combined with a cognitive/verbal task (TUG dual-task, TUGdt). Research question: Can gait parameters be accurately estimated from video-recorded TUG tests by a new semiautomatic method aided by a technique for human 2D pose estimation based on deep learning? Methods: Thirty persons aged 60-85 years participated in the study, conducted in a laboratory environment. Data were collected by two synchronous video-cameras and a marker-based optoelectronic motion capture system as gold standard, to evaluate the gait parameters step length (SL), step width (SW), step duration (SD), single-stance duration (SSD) and double-stance duration (DSD). For reliability evaluations, data processing aided by a deep neural network model, involved three raters who conducted three repetitions of identifying anatomical keypoints in recordings of one randomly selected step from each of the participants. Validity was analysed using 95 % confidence intervals (CI) and p-values for method differences and Bland-Altman plots with limits of agreement. Inter- and intra-rater reliability were calculated as intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and standard errors of measurement. Smallest detectable change was calculated for inter-rater reliability. Results: Mean ddifferences between video and the motion capture system data for SW, DSD, and SSD were significant (p < 0.001). However, mean differences for all parameters were small (-6.4%-13.0% of motion capture system) indicating good validity. Concerning reliability, almost all 95 % CI of the ICC estimates exceeded 0.90, indicating excellent reliability. Only inter-rater reliability for SW (95 % CI = 0.892;0.973) and one rater's intrarater reliability for SSD (95 % CI = 0.793;0.951) were lower, but still showed good to excellent reliability. Significance: The presented method for extraction of gait parameters from video appears suitable for valid and reliable quantification of gait. This opens up for analyses that may contribute to the knowledge of cognitivemotor interference in dual-task testing.

  • 3.
    Abhishek, Sarabjot
    et al.
    Dr BR Ambedkar Natl Inst Technol, Dept Phys, GT Rd Bye Pass, Jalandhar 144027, Punjab, India..
    Kaur, Sarabjot
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Nuclear Physics.
    Mehra, Rohit
    Dr BR Ambedkar Natl Inst Technol, Dept Phys, GT Rd Bye Pass, Jalandhar 144027, Punjab, India..
    Estimation of Uranium and Related Health Risks Due to Consumption of Groundwater in Lower Himalayas2023In: Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Physics, ISSN 0019-5596, E-ISSN 0975-1041, Vol. 61, no 6, p. 478-483Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Exposure to uranium via ingestion of edible products may lead to serious health hazards when taken in quantities more than recommended limit. Hence, to assess the uranium content in groundwater and concerned health hazards 64 groundwater samples were collected from Hamirpur and Mandi districts of Himachal Pradesh. The samples were collected in pre monsoon season from the handpumps and bowries. The region lies in Lower Himalayan range which is storehouse of various granatic rocks. Presence of uranium deposits in Tileli (Mandi), Rajpura (Una), Lambehra (Hamirpur) makes the area more vulnerable for the study. The groundwater samples were analysed to measure concentration of uranium using LED Fluorimeter developed by Quantalase Private. Limited. The uranium concentration in groundwater samples varied from 0.25 to 17.29 & mu;g L-1, with an average value of 1.97. Uranium concentration in none of the samples surpassed the limit of 30 & mu;g L-1 recommended by WHO(2011), 60 & mu;g L-1 set by AERB(2004). Health risks were estimated in terms radiological and chemical toxicity for different isotopes of uranium. The calculated average mortality and morbidity risks were lower than the actual prescribed limit. The average Lifetime Average Daily Dose (LADD) was calculated as 0.04 and Hazard Quotient (HQ) below unity. Annual ingestion doses for different age groups were also measured which lies under safe limit. Thus, it is recommended that the groundwater is safe for consumption by public. Using Hair Compartment Model for uranium and mean daily uranium intake of 2.71 & mu;g for 60-year exposure period, organ specific doses due to uranium radioisotopes in prime organs/tissues and excretion rates via urine, faeces and hair pathway are estimated.

  • 4.
    Abourraja, Mohamed Nezar
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, Health Informatics and Logistics.
    Marzano, Luca
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, Health Informatics and Logistics.
    Raghothama, Jayanth
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, Health Informatics and Logistics.
    Boodaghian Asl, Arsineh
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, Health Informatics and Logistics.
    Darwich, Adam S.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, Health Informatics and Logistics.
    Meijer, Sebastiaan
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, Health Informatics and Logistics.
    Lethvall, Sven
    Uppsala University Hospital,Uppsala,Sweden.
    Falk, Nina
    Uppsala University Hospital,Uppsala,Sweden.
    A Data-Driven Discrete Event Simulation Model to Improve Emergency Department Logistics2022In: Proceedings of the 2022 Winter Simulation Conference, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) , 2022Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Demands for health care are becoming overwhelming for healthcare systems around the world regarding theavailability of resources, particularly, in emergency departments (EDs) that are continuously open and mustserve immediately any patient who comes in. Efficient management of EDs and their resources is requiredmore than ever. This could be achieved either by optimizing resource utilization or by the improvement ofhospital layout. This paper investigates, through data-driven simulation alternative designs of workflowsand layouts to operate the ED of the Uppsala University Hospital in Sweden. Results are analyzed tounderstand the requirements across the hospital for reduced waiting times in the ED. The main observationrevealed that introducing a new ward dedicated to patients having complex diagnoses with a capacity ofless than 20 beds leads to lower waiting times. Furthermore, the use of data-mining was of great help inreducing the efforts of building the simulation model.

  • 5.
    Abourraja, Mohamed Nezar
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, Health Informatics and Logistics.
    Meijer, Sebastiaan
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, Health Informatics and Logistics.
    Boukachour, Jaouad
    Normandie University, UNIHAVRE, 76600 Le Havre, France.
    A model-driven design approach for Ro-Ro and container terminals: from requirements analysis down to simulation model implementation2021In: 20th International Conference on Modeling and Applied Simulation, MAS 2021, Cal-Tek Srl , 2021, p. 9-20Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Modeling, one of the main pillars of good scientific research, is a long-standing multidisciplinary activity to understand and analyze complex systems. In this paper, the focus is directed toward conceptual modeling of multi-terminal seaports specialized in handling and treatment of intermodal transport units (ITU). These systems are complex with highly dynamic and stochastic behaviors and actors, therefore, studying them as a coherent whole or just analyzing one part by taking into account the high degree of integration among the different aspects and actors linked by a flow of activities, information, and interactions is a bet lost in advance without a well-defined design process. Several design approaches and methodologies have been proposed over the years, but nonetheless, there is still no agreement on how to conduct modeling of complex systems because they are of different kinds. In this line, this paper proposes a top-down approach for container and Ro-Ro terminals largely inspired by the Unified Process Methodology and refined through several research projects that we have been involved in. It gives some recommendations and guidelines as well as a helpful way to successfully build modular and consistent simulation models. To prove its efficiency, it was applied to a case study and the resulting models were validated by the subject matter's experts.

  • 6.
    Agasteen Anantharaj, Kingsly Anand
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH).
    Improving management of patient flow at Radiology Department using Simulation Models2021Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The Swedish healthcare system is considered to have good healthcare productivity and efficiency with moderate cost but seems to have some future challenges. Sweden is moving towards the aging population as it requires development in medical care techniques and technologies to provide care to elderly patients. This increases the pressure on the healthcare system. Hence, the number of patients in the hospital increase, as a result, the flow of patients within the wards are increased. Furthermore, the pandemic has increased the number of people admitted to hospitals. As a consequence, even for high-priority cases, the wait times are rising.

    The Skaraborg Hospital Group, SHG, and other general hospitals, in particular, are focusing on how to handle patient flow at various levels within departments and clinics by improving patient flow quality. Production and capacity preparation (PCP) is a commonly used industry tool for resolving bottlenecks. Hence, this method needs to be adopted within the hospital and by the healthcare sector to a larger extent.

    Since many patients from different specialty departments use the Radiology department's facilities, it is often a "bottleneck" in inpatient traffic at hospitals. Furthermore, the influx of patients with covid-19 has increased the department's workload.

    This master's thesis aims to assist the Radiology department in improving their production and capacity planning to increase unit flow performance. The project involves supporting key staff in the department in estimating demand to align different patient movements with equipment and personnel services. Improving radiology department flow efficiency can lead to more even and healthy patient flows around the hospital, reducing "buffers" of patients and longer stays at different specialist clinics.

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  • 7. Agres, Kat Rose
    et al.
    Schaefer, Rebecca
    Volk, Anja
    van Hooren, Susan
    Holzapfel, Andre
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Dalla Bella, Simone
    Mueller, Meinard
    de Witte, Martina
    Herremans, Dorien
    Ramirez Melendez, Rafael
    Neerincx, Mark A.
    Ruiz, Sebastian
    Meredith, David
    Dimitriadis, Theo
    Magee, Wendy L.
    Music, Computing, and Health: A roadmap for the current and future roles of music technology for health care and well-being2021Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
  • 8.
    Aguilar, Antonio
    et al.
    Digital Enterprise Research Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
    van der Putten, Wil
    Department of Medical Physics, University College Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland .
    Maguire Jr., Gerald Q.
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Communication Systems, CoS, Radio Systems Laboratory (RS Lab).
    Positive Patient Identification using RFID and Wireless  Networks2006In: Proceedings of the HISI 11th Annual Conference and Scientific Symposium, Dublin, Ireland, Dublin, Ireland, 2006Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The increased focus on patient safety in hospitals has yielded a flood of new technologies and tools seeking to improve the quality of patient care at the point-of-care. Hospitals are complex institutions by nature, and are constantly challenged to improve the quality of healthcare delivered to patients while trying to reduce the rate of medical errors and improve patient safety. Here a simple mistake such as patient misidentification, specimen misidentification, wrong medication, or wrong blood transfusion can cause the loss of a patient's life. The focus of this paper is the implementation and evaluation of a handheld-based patient identification system that uses radio frequency identification (RFID) and 802.11b wireless networks to identify patients. In this approach, each patient is given a RFID wristband which contains demographic information (patient ID number, patient summary, hospital code) of the patient. A handheld device equipped with 802.11b wireless connectivity and a RFID reader is then used by the medical staff to read the patient's wristband and identify the patient. This work was carried out at the Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering at the University College Hospital Galway, Ireland and in co-operation with the National University of Ireland, Galway.

  • 9. Ahlstrom, L.
    et al.
    Dellve, Lotta
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Health Systems Engineering, Ergonomics. University of Borås, Sweden.
    Hagberg, M.
    Ahlberg, K.
    Women with Neck Pain on Long-Term Sick Leave — Approaches Used in the Return to Work Process: A Qualitative Study2016In: Journal of occupational rehabilitation, ISSN 1053-0487, E-ISSN 1573-3688, p. 1-14Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose There are difficulties in the process of return to work (RTW) from long-term sick leave, both in general and regarding sick leave because of neck pain in particular. Neck pain is difficult to assess, problematic to rehabilitate, and hard to cure; and it is not always easy to decide whether the pain is work-related. The outcome of RTW could be dependent upon individuals’ approaches, defensive or offensive behaviors, and choices related to their self-efficacy. The aim of this study was to identify approaches used in the RTW process among women with neck pain on long-term sick leave from human service organizations. Methods This is a qualitative descriptive study based on grounded theory. A Swedish cohort of 207 women with a history of long-term sick leave with neck pain from human service organizations answered open-ended written questions at 0, 6, and 12 months, and 6 years; and 16 women were interviewed. Results Individuals expressed their coping approaches in terms of fluctuating in work status over time: either as a strategy or as a consequence. Periods of sick leave were interwoven with periods of work. The women were either controlling the interaction or struggling in the interaction with stakeholders. Conclusions Return to work outcomes may be improved if the fluctuating work status over time is taken into account in the design of rehabilitation efforts for women with a history of long-term sick leave and with chronical musculoskeletal conditions.

  • 10.
    Ahlstrom, Linda
    et al.
    Sahlgrenska akademin, Göteborgs universitet.
    Grimby-Ekman, Anna
    Sahlgrenska akademin, Göteborgs universitet.
    Hagberg, Mats
    Sahlgrenska akademin, Göteborgs universitet.
    Dellve, Lotta
    Sahlgrenska akademin, Göteborgs universitet.
    Measures of work ability and association with sick leave, symptoms and health: A prospective study of female workers on long term sick leave2010In: Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, ISSN 0355-3140, E-ISSN 1795-990X, Vol. 36, no 5, p. 404-412Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 11.
    Ahlstrom, Linda
    et al.
    Högskolan Borås.
    Larsson Fallman, Sara
    Högskolan Borås.
    Dellve, Lotta
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Health Systems Engineering, Ergonomics. Public Health and Community Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Return to work from long-term sick leave: a five-year prospective study of the importance of adjustment latitudes at work and home2014Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    Adjustment latitude among employees, i.e. adjusting work to individual’s health capacity, has been associated with successful return to work (RTW) in cross-sectional studies. The aim is to investigate the long-term importance of adjustment latitude at the workplace and at home, as well as attitudes (own and colleagues) for increased work ability (WA), working degree (WD) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among female human service workers (HSW) on long-term sick leave in Sweden.

    Methods

    A cohort of female HSW (n=324) on long-term sick leave (>60 day) received a questionnaire at four times (0, 6, 12, 60 months). Prevalence ratios (PR) were used to examine possible relationships between explanatory factors and outcomes. Linear mixed models were used for longitudinal analysis of the repeated measurements of WA Score (0-10), WD (0-100%) and HRQoL (0-100). Analyses were performed with different models; the explanatory variables for each model were adjustment latitude, attitudes towards breaks at work, shared or single household and amount of household work.

    Result

    Having more adjustment latitude at work was associated with both increased WA and RTW compared to having few adjustment latitude opportunities. Adjustments related to working-pace were strongly associated with increased WD (PR 3.29(95%CI=1.71-6.26)), as were adjustments to working-place. Having opportunities to take short breaks at work, and a general acceptance at work to take short breaks was associated with increased WA. At home, a higher responsibility for household work (PR 1.98(95%CI=1.33-2.95)) was related to increased WA and RTW. Individuals with possibilities for adjustment latitude, especially pace and place, at work, and an acceptance to take breaks at work, increased in WA score significantly more over time and had higher WA score compared with individuals not having such opportunities at work. These prospective results were similar for the outcome WD and HRQoL.

    Conclusions

    The results highlight the importance of possibilities for adjustment latitude at work and at home, as well as accepting attitudes to take short breaks to increase WA and RTW among female human service workers previously on long-term sick leave.

  • 12.
    Ahmad Termida, Nursitihazlin
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Transport Science.
    Susilo, Yusak
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Transport Science.
    Franklin, Joel P.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Transport Science.
    Examining the effects of out-of-home and in-home constraints on leisure activity participation in different seasons of the year2016In: Transportation, ISSN 0049-4488, E-ISSN 1572-9435, p. 1-25Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Using multi-day, multi-period travel diaries data of 56 days (four waves of two-week diaries) for 67 individuals in Stockholm, this study aims to examine the effects of out-of-home and in-home constraints (e.g. teleworking, studying at home, doing the laundry, cleaning and taking care of other household member[s]) on individuals’ day-to-day leisure activity participation decisions in four different seasons. This study also aims to explore the effects of various types of working schedules (fixed, shift, partial- and full-flexible) on individuals’ decisions to participate in day-to-day leisure activities. A pooled model (56 days) and wave-specific models (14 days in each wave) are estimated by using dynamic ordered Probit models. The effects of various types of working schedules are estimated by using 28 days of two waves’ data. The results show that an individual’s leisure activity participation decision is significantly influenced by out-of-home work durations but not influenced by in-home constraints, regardless of any seasons. Individuals with shift working hours engage less in day-to-day leisure activities than other workers’ types in both spring and summer seasons. The thermal indicator significantly affects individuals’ leisure activity participation decisions during the autumn season. Individuals exhibit routine behaviour characterized by repeated decisions in participating in day-to-day leisure activities that can last up to 14 days, regardless of any seasons.

  • 13. Aili, K.
    et al.
    Nyman, Teresia
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH).
    Hillert, L.
    Svartengren, M.
    Sleep disturbances predict future sickness absence among individuals with lower back or neck-shoulder pain: A 5-year prospective study2015In: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, ISSN 1403-4948, E-ISSN 1651-1905, Vol. 43, no 3, p. 315-323Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Musculoskeletal pain is one of the most common causes of sickness absence. Sleep disturbances are often co-occurring with pain, but the relationship between sleep and pain is complex. Little is known about the importance of self-reported sleep, when predicting sickness absence among persons with musculoskeletal pain. This study aims to study the association between self-reported sleep quality and sickness absence 5 years later, among individuals stratified by presence of lower back pain (LBP) and neck and shoulder pain (NSP). Methods: The cohort (n = 2286) in this 5-year prospective study (using data from the MUSIC-Norrtälje study) was stratified by self-reported pain into three groups: no LBP or NSP, solely LBP or NSP, and oncurrent LBP and NSP. Odds ratios (ORs) for the effect of self-reported sleep disturbances at baseline on sickness absence (> 14 consecutive days), 5 years later, were calculated. Results: Within all three pain strata, individuals reporting the most sleep problems showed a significantly higher OR for all-cause sickness absence, 5 years later. The group with the most pronounced sleep problems within the concurrent LBP and NSP stratum had a significantly higher OR (OR 2.00; CI 1.09-3.67) also for long-term sickness absence (> 90days) 5 years later, compared to the group with the best sleep. Conclusions: Sleep disturbances predict sickness absence among individuals regardless of co-existing features of LBP and/or NSP. The clinical evaluation of patients should take possible sleep disturbances into account in the planning of treatments.

  • 14.
    Akay, Altug
    et al.
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Health Systems Engineering, Systems Safety and Management.
    Dragomir, Andrei
    Erlandsson, Björn-Erik
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Health Systems Engineering, Systems Safety and Management.
    A Novel-Data Mining Platform to Monitor the Outcomes of Erlontinib (Tarceva) using Social Media2014In: XIII Mediterranean Conference on Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing 2013, Springer, 2014, p. 1394-1397Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A novel data-mining method was developed to gauge the experiences of the oncology drug Tarceva. Self-organizing maps were used to analyze forum posts numerically to infer user opinion of drug Tarceva. The result is a word list compilation correlating positive and negative word cluster groups and a web of influential users on Tarceva. The implica-tions could open new research avenues into rapid data collec-tion, feedback, and analysis that would enable improved solu-tions for public health.

  • 15.
    Akay, Altug
    et al.
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Health Systems Engineering, Systems Safety and Management.
    Dragomir, Andrei
    Erlandsson, Björn-Erik
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Health Systems Engineering, Systems Safety and Management.
    Assessing Antidepressants Using Intelligent Data Monitoring and Mining of Online Fora2016In: IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics, ISSN 2168-2194, E-ISSN 2168-2208, Vol. 20, no 4, p. 977-986Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Depression is a global health concern. Social networks allow the affected population to share their experiences. These experiences, when mined, extracted, and analyzed, can be converted into either warnings to recall drugs (dangerous side effects), or service improvement (interventions, treatment options) based on observations derived from user behavior in depression-related social networks. Our aim was to develop a weighted network model to represent user activity on social health networks. This enabled us to accurately represent user interactions by relying on the data's semantic content. Our three-step method uses the weighted network model to represent user's activity, and network clustering and module analysis to characterize user interactions and extract further knowledge from user's posts. The network's topological properties reflect user activity such as posts' general topic as well as timing, while weighted edges reflect the posts semantic content and similarities among posts. The result, a synthesis from word data frequency, statistical analysis of module content, and the modeled health network's properties, has allowed us to gain insight into consumer sentiment of antidepressants. This approach will allow all parties to participate in improving future health solutions of patients suffering from depression.

  • 16.
    Akay, Altug
    et al.
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Health Systems Engineering, Systems Safety and Management.
    Dragomir, Andrei
    University of Houston, Biomedical Engineering.
    Erlandsson, Björn-Erik
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Health Systems Engineering.
    Mining Social Media Big Data for Health2015In: IEEE PulseArticle, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Advances in information technology (IT) and big data are affecting nearly every facet of the public and private sectors. Social media platforms are one example of such advances: its nature allows users to connect, collaborate, and debate on any topic with comparative ease. The result is a hefty volume of user-generated content that, if properly mined and analyzed, could help the public and private health care sectors improve the quality of their products and services while reducing costs. The users of these platforms are the key to these improvements, as their valuable feedback will help improve health solutions.

  • 17.
    Akram, Muhammad
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, Ergonomics.
    Isocyanates formation from thermal degradation of polyurethane foam during welding of district heating pipes2023Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Polyurethane insulation foam, which is used as insulation on district heating steel and copper pipes, is made from polymerisation of polyol and diisocyanates monomers. Installation of new district heating pipes or replacement of old pipes involves masses of welding activities. Welding processes of pre-insulated district heating pipes can cause exposure of polyurethane insulation to high heat generated during the welding process. Temperatures of more than 150 °C can lead to thermal degradation of polyurethane insulation and isocyanates formation. Exposure of isocyanates to welders can cause allergy, irritation of eyes, nose, throat, skin, and lung problems, and isocyanate asthma. In this thesis project welding processes of varying nominal sizes of district heating pipes, varying welding method and consequential formation of isocyanates have been studied. This project has found that selection of welding method plays a key role in the formation of isocyanates. It was identified that although the oxy-fuel welding method is considered as easy method for welding, there is a generation of high heat. This since oxy-fuel welding warm up the district heating pipes to high temperatures, which lead to thermal exposure of polyurethane insulation and ultimate formation of hazardous isocyanates. Other aspect such as varying nominal sizes of the pipes and varying length of insulation-free ends effect the exposure of polyurethane insulation to high heat and eventual formation of isocyanates. This study found that small nominal sizes of district heating pipes DN20, DN25, DN32, DN50, DN65, DN80 of insulation-free ends from 20 to 22 cm, welded by oxy-fuel welding, have a low risk to generate critical high heat 150 °C. But if the length of the insulation-free ends is reduced to 16 cm it can lead to thermal degradation of polyurethane insulation and isocyanates formation. For air samples of isocyanates collected during welding of nominal pipe sizes DN100, DN150, DN200 having insulation-free ends 22-20 cm welded by oxy-fuel welding, the analysis showed notable types of monoisocyanates MIC, PHI, ICA and diisocyanates 4.4´-MDI. The concentration of the detected monoisocyanates ICA and diisocyanates 4.4´-MDI in some samples were higher than the acceptable short-term exposure limit STEL (μg / m3) determined by AFS 2018:1. The presence of large fractions of isocyanates in samples collected from surroundings of high-temperature-exposed polyurethane insulation showed high risks of isocyanates exposure to welders.

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  • 18.
    Albaaj, Hussein
    et al.
    Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.
    Attergrim, Jonatan
    Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden; Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden.
    Strömmer, Lovisa
    Division of Surgery, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Brattström, Olof
    Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Jacobsson, Martin
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, Health Informatics and Logistics.
    Wihlke, Gunilla
    Trauma and Reparative Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden.
    Västerbo, Liselott
    Trauma and Reparative Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden.
    Joneborg, Elias
    Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.
    Gerdin Wärnberg, Martin
    Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden; Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden.
    Patient and process factors associated with opportunities for improvement in trauma care: a registry-based study2023In: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine, E-ISSN 1757-7241, E-ISSN 1757-7241, Vol. 31, no 1, article id 87Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background Trauma is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Morbidity and mortality review of selected patient cases is used to improve the quality of trauma care by identifying opportunities for improvement (OFI). The aim of this study was to assess how patient and process factors are associated with OFI in trauma care.

    Methods We conducted a registry-based study using all patients between 2017 and 2021 from the Karolinska University Hospital who had been reviewed regarding the presence of OFI as defined by a morbidity and mortality conference. We used bi- and multivariable logistic regression to assess the associations between the following patient and process factors and OFI: age, sex, respiratory rate, systolic blood pressure, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Injury Severity Score (ISS), survival at 30 days, highest hospital care level, arrival on working hours, arrival on weekends, intubation status and time to first computed tomography (CT).

    Results OFI was identified in 300 (5.8%) out of 5182 patients. Age, missing Glasgow Coma Scale, time to first CT, highest hospital care level and ISS were statistically significantly associated with OFI.

    Conclusion Several patient and process factors were found to be associated with OFI, indicating that patients with moderate to severe trauma and those with delays to first CT are at the highest odds of OFI.

  • 19. Albrecht, Stefano V.
    et al.
    Beck, J. Christopher
    Buckeridge, David L.
    Botea, Adi
    Caragea, Cornelia
    Chi, Chi-hung
    Damoulas, Theodoros
    Dilkina, Bistra
    Eaton, Eric
    Fazli, Pooyan
    Ganzfried, Sam
    Giles, C. Lee
    Guillet, Sebastien
    Holte, Robert
    Hutter, Frank
    Koch, Thorsten
    Leonetti, Matteo
    Lindauer, Marius
    Machado, Marlos C.
    Malitsky, Yuri
    Marcus, Gary
    Meijer, Sebastiaan
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Health Systems Engineering.
    Rossi, Francesca
    Shaban-Nejad, Arash
    Thiebaux, Sylvie
    Veloso, Manuela
    Walsh, Toby
    Wang, Can
    Zhang, Jie
    Zheng, Yu
    Reports on the 2015 AAAI Workshop Series2015In: The AI Magazine, ISSN 0738-4602, Vol. 36, no 2, p. 90-101Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    AAAI's 2015 Workshop Program was held Sunday and Monday, January 25-26, 2015, at the Hyatt Regency Austin Hotel in Austin, Texas, USA. The AAAI-15 workshop program included 16 workshops covering a wide range of topics in artificial intelligence. Most workshops were held on a single day. The titles of the workshops included Algorithm Configuration; Artificial Intelligence and Ethics; Artificial Intelligence Applied to Assistive Technologies and Smart Environments; Artificial Intelligence for Cities; Artificial Intelligence for Transportation: Advice, Inter-activity, and Actor Modeling; Beyond the Turing Test; Computational Sustainability; Computer Poker and Imperfect Information; Incentive and Trust in E-Communities; Knowledge, Skill, and Behavior Transfer in Autonomous Robots; Learning for General Competency in Video Games; Multiagent Interaction without Prior Coordination; Planning, Search, and Optimization; Scholarly Big Data: AI Perspectives, Challenges, and Ideas; Trajectory-Based Behaviour Analytics; and World Wide Web and Public Health Intelligence.

  • 20. Ali, S.
    et al.
    Shekhar, S.
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Water and Environmental Engineering.
    Verma, G.
    Chandrasekhar, T.
    Chandrashekhar, A. K.
    Elevated fluoride in groundwater of Siwani Block, Western Haryana, India: A potential concern for sustainable water supplies for drinking and irrigation2018In: Groundwater for Sustainable Development, ISSN 2352-801X, Vol. 7, p. 410-420Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Groundwater pollution is a serious health concern in north-western India. In this study, we have reported very high concentration of fluoride i.e. 18.5 and 16.6 mg/l from Sainiwas locality in Siwani block of Bhiwani district, Haryana, India. The values are much higher than the permissible limit set by WHO and BIS. The evapotranspiration in the area leads to Ca2+ precipitation, which allows an increase in F- content in the groundwater. In addition, the replacement of hydroxyl of secondary clay mineral under alkaline condition is responsible for release of F-. In absence of alternative source, the fluoride polluted groundwater in some of these localities is also used for drinking. Further, the suitability of groundwater for irrigation is also evaluated by various parameters such as Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Sodium Percentage (Na%), Kelly's Ratio (KR), Magnesium Hazard (MH) and Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC). It emerges out that in a few localities, groundwater is not suitable for irrigation and with respect to Magnesium Hazard (MH) almost all samples are unsuitable for irrigation. This article highlights groundwater quality of Siwani block in Haryana and proposes for immediate remedial measures. 

  • 21.
    Alkhatib, Najla
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems.
    A Simulation Game Approach for Improving Access to Specialized Healthcare Services in Sweden2024Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    In Sweden, where a decentralized healthcare system is applied, all patients are registered at a primary healthcare center. To access most of the publicly funded specialized care clinics, patients need to be referred by a general physician at the primary healthcare center. However, long waiting times and queues to access specialized care clinics in Sweden, has been a serious problem and concern for decades. Addressing this issue is important for improving patients’ transition to specialized care and the functionality of the Swedish healthcare system. The aim of this thesis is to explore the Swedish healthcare system to analyze the transition of patients to specialized care clinics and identify the reasons for long waiting times and queues. This was done by analyzing the Swedish healthcare system and develop a serious game prototype which models the process of access to specialized care within the Swedish healthcare system. The prototype was used to understand the delay that happens in patients’ transition and access process to specialized care services.  A system analysis including a literature review is conducted to gain an understanding of the Swedish healthcare system and gather data to be used in the designed prototype. The outcome of the system analysis is a visual representation of the Swedish healthcare system including laws and stakeholders. A game frame is developed from the system analysis. Maps, tables, and a flow-diagram are developed to visualize patients’ access to specialized care. All of this was used to design the game prototype. The final prototype is developed through an iterative process, where several prototypes are designed and tested through game sessions with experts. The prototypes are evaluated after each game session. Finally, learning and findings gained from the prototypes design and the game sessions are documented. This includes reasons for long waiting times for a first visit at a specialized care clinic such as the structure of the Swedish healthcare system, mainly that the PHC is the foundation of the system. Staff shortages, and the need for a referral to access most of the specialized clinics are also discussed and stated along with other reasons. 

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  • 22.
    Alkurt, Gizem
    et al.
    Univ Hlth Sci, Umraniye Teaching & Res Hosp, Genom Lab GLAB, Istanbul, Turkey..
    Murt, Ahmet
    Istanbul Univ Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Fac Med, Dept Nephrol, Istanbul, Turkey..
    Aydin, Zeki
    Dar Farabi Teaching & Res Hosp, Dept Nephrol, Kocaeli, Turkey..
    Tatli, Ozge
    Istanbul Tech Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Genet, Istanbul, Turkey.;Istanbul Medeniyet Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Genet, Istanbul, Turkey..
    Agaoglu, Nihat Bugra
    Univ Hlth Sci, Umraniye Teaching & Res Hosp, Genom Lab GLAB, Istanbul, Turkey..
    Irvem, Arzu
    Univ Hlth Sci, Umraniye Teaching & Res Hosp, Dept Microbiol, Istanbul, Turkey..
    Aydin, Mehtap
    Univ Hlth Sci, Umraniye Teaching & Res Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, Istanbul, Turkey..
    Karaali, Ridvan
    Istanbul Univ Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Fac Med, Dept Infect Dis, Istanbul, Turkey..
    Gunes, Mustafa
    Dar Farabi Teaching & Res Hosp, Dept Urol, Kocaeli, Turkey..
    Yesilyurt, Batuhan
    Hlth Inst Turkey TUSEB, Istanbul, Turkey..
    Turkez, Hasan
    Ataturk Univ, Fac Med, Dept Med Biol, Erzurum, Turkey..
    Mardinoglu, Adil
    KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Systems Biology. Kings Coll London, Fac Dent, Ctr Host Microbiome Interact Oral & Craniofacial, London, England..
    Doganay, Mehmet
    Lokman Hekim Univ, Fac Med, Dept Infect Dis, Ankara, Turkey..
    Basinoglu, Filiz
    Darica Farabi Teaching & Res Hosp, Dept Med Biochem, Kocaeli, Turkey..
    Seyahi, Nurhan
    Istanbul Univ Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Fac Med, Dept Nephrol, Istanbul, Turkey..
    Doganay, Gizem Dinler
    Istanbul Tech Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Genet, Istanbul, Turkey..
    Doganay, Hamdi Levent
    Univ Hlth Sci, Umraniye Teaching & Res Hosp, Genom Lab GLAB, Istanbul, Turkey..
    Seroprevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among health care workers from three pandemic hospitals of Turkey2021In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 16, no 3, article id e0247865Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    COVID-19 is a global threat with an increasing number of infections. Research on IgG seroprevalence among health care workers (HCWs) is needed to re-evaluate health policies. This study was performed in three pandemic hospitals in Istanbul and Kocaeli. Different clusters of HCWs were screened for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Seropositivity rate among participants was evaluated by chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. We recruited 813 non-infected and 119 PCR-confirmed infected HCWs. Of the previously undiagnosed HCWs, 22 (2.7%) were seropositive. Seropositivity rates were highest for cleaning staff (6%), physicians (4%), nurses (2.2%) and radiology technicians (1%). Non-pandemic clinic (6.4%) and ICU (4.3%) had the highest prevalence. HCWs in "high risk" group had similar seropositivity rate with "no risk" group (2.9 vs 3.5 p = 0.7). These findings might lead to the re-evaluation of infection control and transmission dynamics in hospitals.

  • 23.
    Almlöf, Erik
    et al.
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Centres, Integrated Transport Research Lab, ITRL.
    Rubensson, Isak
    Reg Stockholm, Traf Forvaltningen Publ Transport Adm, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Cebecauer, Matej
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Transport planning.
    Jenelius, Erik
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Transport planning.
    Who continued travelling by public transport during COVID-19?: Socioeconomic factors explaining travel behaviour in Stockholm 2020 based on smart card data2021In: European Transport Research Review, ISSN 1867-0717, E-ISSN 1866-8887, Vol. 13, no 1, article id 31Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has changed travel behaviour and reduced the use of public transport throughout the world, but the reduction has not been uniform. In this study we analyse the propensity to stop travelling by public transport during COVID-19 for the holders of 1.8 million smart cards in Stockholm, Sweden, for the spring and autumn of 2020. We suggest two binomial logit models for explaining the change in travel pattern, linking socioeconomic data per area and travel data with the probability to stop travelling. Modelled variables The first model investigates the impact of the socioeconomic factors: age; income; education level; gender; housing type; population density; country of origin; and employment level. The results show that decreases in public transport use are linked to all these factors. The second model groups the investigated areas into five distinct clusters based on the socioeconomic data, showing the impacts for different socioeconomic groups. During the autumn the differences between the groups diminished, and especially Cluster 1 (with the lowest education levels, lowest income and highest share of immigrants) reduced their public transport use to a similar level as the more affluent clusters. Results The results show that socioeconomic status affect the change in behaviour during the pandemic and that exposure to the virus is determined by citizens' socioeconomic class. Furthermore, the results can guide policy into tailoring public transport supply to where the need is, instead of assuming that e.g. crowding is equally distributed within the public transport system in the event of a pandemic.

  • 24.
    Alsmo, Thomas
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Fluid and Climate Technology.
    Holmberg, Sture
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Fluid and Climate Technology.
    A Study of Sources of Airborne Pollutants and Poor Hygiene in Schools2010In: Indoor + Built Environment, ISSN 1420-326X, E-ISSN 1423-0070, Vol. 19, no 2, p. 298-304Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Poor indoor air quality is a large problem in Swedish schools, since the health of occupants may be affected. Resources are consumed without identification of utility indicators and there is risk of problems, even after remedial measures have been taken. This can mean both unnecessary suffering for many people and considerable resources being wasted. The building itself is often in focus and other building-related problems may be neglected. The hypothesis of the present work is that other factors than the building itself have decisive influence on indoor air quality. An assessment of these nonbuilding-related reasons for bad indoor air quality has been made in the present study using particle measurements. Results show that it is possible to decrease emissions in indoor air by over 90% through identifying and eliminating activity-related sources of airborne contaminants.

  • 25. Alsved, Malin
    et al.
    Wang, Cong
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Fluid and Climate Technology.
    Civilis, Anette
    Sadrizadeh, Sasan
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Fluid and Climate Technology.
    Ekolind, Peter
    Skredsvik, Henrik
    Höjerback, Peter
    Jakobsson, Jonas
    Löndahl, Jakob
    Experimental and computational evaluation of airborne bacteria in hospital operating rooms with high airflows2018In: Proceedings of The 5th Working & Indoor Aerosols Conference 18-20 April 2018; Cassino, Italy, 2018Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Post-operative infections after surgery can be decreased by the use of efficient ventilation with clean air. In this study, we investigated three types of operating room ventilation: turbulent mixed airflow(TMA), laminar airflow (LAF) and a new type of ventilation named temperature controlled airflow(TcAF). Measurements of airborne bacteria were made during surgery and compared with values calculated by computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The results show that LAF and TcAF are most efficient in removing bacteria around the patient. With LAF, there are large differences in bacterial loads, depending on location in the room.

  • 26.
    Altay, Özlem
    et al.
    KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Systems Biology. Department of Clinical Microbiology, Dr Sami Ulus Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, 06080 Turkey.
    Arif, Muhammad
    KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Systems Biology.
    Li, Xiangyu
    KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Systems Biology.
    Yang, Hong
    KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Systems Biology.
    Aydın, M.
    Department of Infectious Diseases, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, 34766 Turkey.
    Alkurt, G.
    Genomic Laboratory (GLAB), Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, 34766 Turkey.
    Kim, Woonghee
    KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Systems Biology.
    Akyol, D.
    Genomic Laboratory (GLAB), Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, 34766 Turkey.
    Zhang, Cheng
    KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Systems Biology. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001 P. R. China.
    Dinler-Doganay, G.
    Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, 34469 Turkey.
    Turkez, H.
    Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, 34469 Turkey.
    Shoaie, Saeed
    KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science. Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL UK.
    Nielsen, J.
    Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, SE-41296 Sweden.
    Borén, J.
    Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SE-41345 Sweden.
    Olmuscelik, O.
    Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Bagcılar, Istanbul, 34214 Turkey.
    Doganay, L.
    Department of Gastroenterology, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, 34766 Turkey.
    Uhlén, Mathias
    KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Systems Biology.
    Mardinoglu, Adil
    KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Systems Biology. Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL UK.
    Combined Metabolic Activators Accelerates Recovery in Mild-to-Moderate COVID-192021In: Advanced Science, E-ISSN 2198-3844, Vol. 8, no 17, article id 2101222Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    COVID-19 is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic abnormalities, including the deficiencies in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and glutathione metabolism. Here it is investigated if administration of a mixture of combined metabolic activators (CMAs) consisting of glutathione and NAD+ precursors can restore metabolic function and thus aid the recovery of COVID-19 patients. CMAs include l-serine, N-acetyl-l-cysteine, nicotinamide riboside, and l-carnitine tartrate, salt form of l-carnitine. Placebo-controlled, open-label phase 2 study and double-blinded phase 3 clinical trials are conducted to investigate the time of symptom-free recovery on ambulatory patients using CMAs. The results of both studies show that the time to complete recovery is significantly shorter in the CMA group (6.6 vs 9.3 d) in phase 2 and (5.7 vs 9.2 d) in phase 3 trials compared to placebo group. A comprehensive analysis of the plasma metabolome and proteome reveals major metabolic changes. Plasma levels of proteins and metabolites associated with inflammation and antioxidant metabolism are significantly improved in patients treated with CMAs as compared to placebo. The results show that treating patients infected with COVID-19 with CMAs lead to a more rapid symptom-free recovery, suggesting a role for such a therapeutic regime in the treatment of infections leading to respiratory problems.

  • 27.
    Aminoff, Hedvig
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems.
    Meijer, Sebastiaan
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, Health Informatics and Logistics.
    Context and Complexity in Telemedicine Evaluation: Work Domain Analysis in a Surgical Setting2021In: JMIR Perioperative Medicine, E-ISSN 2561-9128, Vol. 4, no 2, p. e26580-e26580Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Many promising telemedicine innovations fail to be accepted and used over time, and there are longstanding questions about howto best evaluate telemedicine services and other health information technologies. In response to these challenges, there is a growinginterest in how to take the sociotechnical complexity of health care into account during design, implementation, and evaluation.This paper discusses the methodological implications of this complexity and how the sociotechnical context holds the key tounderstanding the effects and outcomes of telemedicine. Examples from a work domain analysis of a surgical setting, where atelemedicine service for remote surgical consultation was to be introduced, are used to show how abstracted functional modelingcan provide a structured and rigorous means to analyze and represent the implementation context in complex health care settings.

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  • 28.
    Andersson, Cajsa
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH).
    Finding a cost-optimal preventive maintenance interval: A study on ECG devices in Region Östergötland2017Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Medical equipment maintenance is costly and the question has been raised whether the amount of preventive maintenance (PM) today is effective from a cost perspective. The goal was therefore to find the cost-optimal interval on which PM should be performed. By analysing data on previous maintenance actions and failures of ECG devices in Region Östergötland, a model describing the relation between preventive maintenance interval length and number of failures was found. Together with average costs of maintenance actions, this was used to calculate the total maintenance costs for different preventive maintenance intervals. The optimal interval was found to be 450 days on a 10 year perspective, but decreasing for longer perspectives. Even though the result is specific for ECG in Region Östergötland, the methodology, with some adjustments and improvements, could be used for other devices to decide the optimal maintenance interval and for example also to evaluate when to invest in new devices.

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  • 29.
    Andersson, Johanna
    et al.
    Nordic School of Public Health NHV.
    Axelsson, Runo
    Nordic School of Public Health NHV.
    Bihari Axelsson, Susanna
    Nordic School of Public Health NHV.
    Eriksson, Andrea
    Nordic School of Public Health NHV.
    Åhgren, Bengt
    Nordic School of Public Health NHV.
    Samverkan inom arbetslivsinriktad rehabilitering: En sammanställning av kunskaper och erfarenheter inom området2010Report (Other academic)
  • 30.
    Andersson, Johanna
    et al.
    Nordic School of Public Health.
    Åhgren, Bengt
    Nordic School of Public Health NHV.
    Bihari Axelsson, Susanna
    Nordic School of Public Health NHV.
    Eriksson, Andrea
    Nordic School of Public Health NHV.
    Axelsson, Runo
    Nordic School of Public Health NHV.
    Organizational approaches to collaboration in vocational rehabilitation: An international literature review2011In: International Journal of Integrated Care, ISSN 1568-4156, E-ISSN 1568-4156, Vol. 11Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: Collaboration between welfare organizations is an important strategy for integrating different health and welfare services. This article reports a review of the international literature on vocational rehabilitation, focusing on different organizational models of collaboration as well as different barriers and facilitating factors.

    Methods: The review was based on an extensive search in scientific journals from 1995 to 2010, which generated more than 13,000 articles. The number of articles was reduced in different steps through a group procedure based on the abstracts. Finally, 205 articles were read in full text and 62 were included for content analysis.

    Results: Seven basic models of collaboration were identified in the literature. They had different degrees of complexity, intensity and formalization. They could also be combined in different ways. Several barriers and facilitators of collaboration were also identified. Most of these were related to factors as communication, trust and commitment.

    Conclusion: There is no optimal model of collaboration to be applied everywhere, but one model could be more appropriate than others in a certain context. More research is needed to compare different models and to see whether they are applicable also in other fields of collaboration inside or outside the welfare system.

  • 31.
    Andreasson, Jörgen
    et al.
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Health Systems Engineering, Ergonomics.
    Ahlstrom, Linda
    Eriksson, Andrea
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Health Systems Engineering, Ergonomics.
    Dellve, Lotta
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Health Systems Engineering, Ergonomics.
    The importance of healthcare managers’ organizational preconditions and support resources for their appraisal of planned change and its outcomes2017In: Journal of Hospital Administration, ISSN 1927-6990, E-ISSN 1927-7008, Vol. 6, no 1Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Healthcare managers are expected to lead and manage planned organizational change intended to improve healthcare process quality. However, their complex working conditions offer limited decision control, and healthcare managers often feel ill prepared and inadequately supported to perform their duties. Healthcare managers have previously described their need for organizational support, but we lack knowledge of the preconditions and resources that help managers implement planned change.Methods: This prospective cohort study examined healthcare managers at three Swedish hospitals implementing lean production and two Swedish hospitals implementing their own improvement model. Questionnaire data from 2012, 2103, and 2014 were used in following up. We used t-tests and a linear mixed model design in analysing the data.Results: Healthcare managers who perceived strong support from managers, employees, colleagues, and the organization and managers with the longest managerial experience had the least negative appraisal of change. Managers who perceived strong support from employees, management, and the organizational structure perceived higher levels of healthcare process quality.Conclusions: Long managerial experience and strong support from managers, employees, and the organization are important formanagers’ appraisal of, work on, and successful implementation of planned change. Top management must therefore ensure that the healthcare managers have sufficient managerial experience and support before they delegate to them the responsibility to implement planned change.

  • 32.
    Andreasson, Jörgen
    et al.
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Health Systems Engineering, Ergonomics.
    Eriksson, Andrea
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Health Systems Engineering, Ergonomics.
    Dellve, Lotta
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Health Systems Engineering, Ergonomics.
    Health care managers' views on and approaches to implementing models for improving care processes2016In: Journal of Nursing Management, ISSN 0966-0429, E-ISSN 1365-2834, Vol. 24, no 2Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aim: To develop a deeper understanding of health-care managers' views on and approaches to the implementation of models for improving care processes. Background: In health care, there are difficulties in implementing models for improving care processes that have been decided on by upper management. Leadership approaches to this implementation can affect the outcome. Method: In-depth interviews with first- and second-line managers in Swedish hospitals were conducted and analysed using grounded theory. Results: 'Coaching for participation' emerged as a central theme for managers in handling top-down initiated process development. The vertical approach in this coaching addresses how managers attempt to sustain unit integrity through adapting and translating orders from top management. The horizontal approach in the coaching refers to managers' strategies for motivating and engaging their employees in implementation work. Conclusion and implications for nursing management: Implementation models for improving care processes require a coaching leadership built on close manager-employee interaction, mindfulness regarding the pace of change at the unit level, managers with the competence to share responsibility with their teams and engaged employees with the competence to share responsibility for improving the care processes, and organisational structures that support process-oriented work. Implications for nursing management are the importance of giving nurse managers knowledge of change management.

  • 33.
    Angelis, Jannis
    et al.
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Industrial Economics and Management (Dept.), Industrial Management.
    Glenngård, A.H.
    Jordahl, H.
    Management practices and the quality of primary care2019In: Public Money & Management, ISSN 0954-0962, E-ISSN 1467-9302Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Using the World Management Survey method, the authors mapped and analysed management quality in Swedish primary care centres. On average, private sector providers were better managed than public providers. Centres with a high overall social deprivation among enrolled patients also tended to have higher management quality. Management quality was positively associated with accessibility (length of waiting times), but not with patient-reported experience.

  • 34.
    Antonsson, Ann-Beth
    et al.
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Ergonomics.
    Christensson, Bengt
    KTH. IVL Svenska Miljöinstitutet.
    Berge, Johan
    Rättsmedicinalverket.
    Sjögren, Bengt
    Karolinska Institutet.
    Fatal Carbon Monoxide Intoxication After AcetyleneGas Welding of Pipes2013In: Annals of Occupational Hygiene, ISSN 0003-4878, E-ISSN 1475-3162, Vol. 57, no 5, p. 662-666Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Acetylene gas welding of district heating pipes can result in exposure to high concentrations of carbon monoxide. A fatal case due to intoxication is described. Measurements of carbon monoxide revealed high levels when gas welding a pipe with closed ends. This fatality and these measurements highlight a new hazard, which must be promptly prevented.

  • 35.
    Antonsson Lundberg, Ann-Beth
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Ergonomics.
    A systems analysis of a target group of enterprises: A new way forward for the dissemination of research results and sustainable technologies2006Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 36.
    Antonsson Lundberg, Ann-Beth
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Ergonomics.
    An interactive Internet tool supporting risk management in SMEs: The Chemical Guide (KemiGuiden)2005Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 37.
    Antonsson Lundberg, Ann-Beth
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Health Systems Engineering, Ergonomics. IVL Svenska Miljöinstitutet AB.
    Företagshälsovård2014In: Människan i arbetslivet: Teori och praktik / [ed] Eva Holmström, Kerstina Olsson, Lund: Studentlitteratur AB , 2014, 2:1, p. 199-223Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 38.
    Antonsson Lundberg, Ann-Beth
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Ergonomics.
    Improving work environment in small enterprises: The need for a holistic perspective and adaptation to small enterprise reality2007Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 39.
    Antonsson Lundberg, Ann-Beth
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Ergonomics.
    Interviews with employees reporting work-related injuries as the basis for intervention2011Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 40.
    Antonsson Lundberg, Ann-Beth
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Ergonomics.
    Kapitel 1.: Varför företagshälsovård?2011In: Framgångsrik företagshälsovård: Möjligheter och metoder, Stockholm: Norstedts Juridik AB, 2011Chapter in book (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [en]

    Företagshälsovård, fhv, är en viktig aktör i välfärdssamhället. Den ska bidra både till att förebygga ohälsa och främja hälsa samt till att ska pagoda och säkra arbetsplatser där de anställda inte riskerar att skadas eller bli sjuka. Omvärldens förväntningar är höga. För att uppfylla dem krävs att fhv har en bred kompetens och att arbetet bygger på samarbete både mellan olika kompetenser inom den egna verksamheten och med de företag och organisationer som fhv arbetar för.

  • 41.
    Antonsson Lundberg, Ann-Beth
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Ergonomics.
    Kapitel 4: Att förstå kunden2011In: Framgångsrik företagshälsovård: Möjligheter och metoder, Stockholm: Norstedts Juridik AB, 2011Chapter in book (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [en]

    Verksamhet, ekonomiska förutsättningar, drivkrafter och värderingar varierar för FHV:s kunder. För att lyckas i arbetet med att stödja kunden, behöver FHV förstå hur dessa faktorer påverkar arbetsmiljöarbetet och hur insatser bäst anpassas till varje kund.

  • 42.
    Antonsson Lundberg, Ann-Beth
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Ergonomics.
    Kapitel 9: Företagshälsovård och småföretag2011In: Framgångsrik företagshälsovård: Möjligheter och metoder, Stockholm: Norstedts Juridik AB, 2011Chapter in book (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [en]

    Många företag med mindre än 50 anställda har någon form av avtal med FHV och de flesta är nöjda. Deras anställda står dock bara för en liten andel av alla arbetstagare som har tillgång till fhv. En stor del av småföretagen utnyttjar inte FHV:s breda kompetens utan anlitar dem främst för hälsoundersökningar. Det betyder att det finns en stor utvecklingspotential om man kan få de mindre företagen att efterfråga fler tjänster.

  • 43.
    Antonsson Lundberg, Ann-Beth
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Ergonomics.
    Procurement demands: a management strategy for sustainability2011Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 44.
    Antonsson Lundberg, Ann-Beth
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Environmental Technology and Work Science.
    Relation to other tools for the working environment2004In: Working environment in life-cycle assessment / [ed] Poulsen, Pia Brunn; Jensen, Allan Astrup, Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC), 2004, p. 3-8Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 45.
    Antonsson Lundberg, Ann-Beth
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Ergonomics.
    Risk assessment tools for small enterprises: evaluation of uptake and effect2009In: USE 2009: Programme and abstract book, 2009, p. 118-118Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Risk assessment is a core component in the management of the working environment. Risk assessment helps identify and prioritize risks and reduce risks through implementation of control measures. Aim: To evaluate how tools for risk assessment are used by small enterprises and what the result is from using the tools. Method: Randomly selected small enterprises in printing and electroplating industry were contacted and asked to participate in an evaluation of tools for chemical risk assessment developed to suit small enterprises. An initial interview was made with the enterprises accepting to participate in the testing, aiming at surveying how they use to assess chemical risks. The enterprises were provided with one out of six tools. Ten enterprises in each sector were asked to test each tool, adding up to 20 enterprises testing each tool. After three and six months the enterprise was contacted. If they had tested the tool, a new interview was made, exploring their opinion on the tool and their experiences from using it. Enterprises not having tested the tools were also interviewed about the reasons why they did not use the tool they were provided. In enterprises having used the tools, an expert risk assessment was made and compared to the risk assessment of the enterprise in order to evaluate the quality of the risk assessment tool and the enterprise's use of it. Result: More than 60 % of the enterprises accepted to test the tools, reflecting an interest and concern for chemical risks in their work environment. The follow-up interviews are currently conducted and will be finished during April 2009. The results show how risk assessment works in practice in small enterprises. The study has revealed several problems with different tools and some unexpected results. One example is that several enterprises have concluded that they are content with their old method for risk assessment, which was using safety data sheets, reflecting a profound lack of understanding of what risk assessment is about. Results from the evaluation will be presented, showing how small enterprises perceive the different kinds of tools tested and what the outcomes in terms of quality are of the tested tools. The results will be discussed in relation to the enterprises and their previous experience of and knowledge about risk assessment.

  • 46.
    Antonsson Lundberg, Ann-Beth
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Ergonomics.
    Risk management in small enterprises: A system analysis of what works and what doesn´t2006Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 47. Antonsson Lundberg, Ann-Beth
    Risk management in small enterprises: A system analysis of what works and what doesn´t2007Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 48.
    Antonsson Lundberg, Ann-Beth
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Environmental Technology and Work Science.
    Riskhantering och tillsyn i Strategier för bättre arbetsmiljö i små företag2004In: Framtidens arbetsmiljö- och tillsynsarbete / [ed] Johansson, Bo; Frick, Kaj; Johansson, Jan, Lund: Studentlitteratur, 2004Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 49.
    Antonsson Lundberg, Ann-Beth
    Swedish Environmental Research Institute.
    Strategies for Success? Managing Chemical Risks in Small Enterprises: Review of European Practice – a CEFIC project2009Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of the project commissioned by Cefic was to identify: strategic approaches of managing chemicals-related risks in SMEs; the factors supporting the application of those strategies; and the factors determining their effectiveness.

    The outcomes of the project are an overview of approaches and tools to manage chemical risks in SMEs, as well as some evidence of the size of the problem. In Sweden, inspectors found rather poor risk management in SMEs, most of them lacking even the very basic instruments such as substance registers and product lists. Reasons for that are seen in a lack of resources and time. The support that inspectors and other OSH institutions could provide is apparently not called upon/used. Furthermore, the regulatory pressure to carry out a risk assessment is too low (too few inspections of SMEs). Whether the tools provided are too complex and not appropriate for SMEs cannot be fully judged, due to the lack of evaluation studies. It is apparent, however, that the acceptance of the tools by SMEs is rather poor.

    It was found that communicating well the context of risk management work to SMEs is crucial to convey the importance - and complexity - of proper risk management. Even more so, it is of utmost importance that the right intermediaries disseminate risk assessment strategies and tools and demonstrate their use in SMES for the success of their implementation. However, due to very limited information on the use of risk management materials and tools by SMEs and a lack of evaluation studies thereof, the tools themselves as well as their effects can hardly be described or measured.

  • 50.
    Antonsson Lundberg, Ann-Beth
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Ergonomics.
    Studiehandledning2011In: Framgångsrik företagshälsovård: Möjligheter och metoder, Stockholm: Norstedts Juridik AB, 2011Chapter in book (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
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