kth.sePublications
Change search
Refine search result
1 - 34 of 34
CiteExportLink to result list
Permanent link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
Rows per page
  • 5
  • 10
  • 20
  • 50
  • 100
  • 250
Sort
  • Standard (Relevance)
  • Author A-Ö
  • Author Ö-A
  • Title A-Ö
  • Title Ö-A
  • Publication type A-Ö
  • Publication type Ö-A
  • Issued (Oldest first)
  • Issued (Newest first)
  • Created (Oldest first)
  • Created (Newest first)
  • Last updated (Oldest first)
  • Last updated (Newest first)
  • Disputation date (earliest first)
  • Disputation date (latest first)
  • Standard (Relevance)
  • Author A-Ö
  • Author Ö-A
  • Title A-Ö
  • Title Ö-A
  • Publication type A-Ö
  • Publication type Ö-A
  • Issued (Oldest first)
  • Issued (Newest first)
  • Created (Oldest first)
  • Created (Newest first)
  • Last updated (Oldest first)
  • Last updated (Newest first)
  • Disputation date (earliest first)
  • Disputation date (latest first)
Select
The maximal number of hits you can export is 250. When you want to export more records please use the Create feeds function.
  • 1. Altai, Mohamed
    et al.
    Honarvar, Hadis
    Wållberg, Helena
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Protein Technology.
    Strand, Joanna
    Varasteh, Zohreh
    Rosestedt, Maria
    Orlova, Anna
    Dunås, Finn
    Sandström, Mattias
    Löfblom, John
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Protein Technology.
    Tolmachev, Vladimir
    Ståhl, Stefan
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Protein Technology.
    Selection of an optimal cysteine-containing peptide-based chelator for labeling of affibody molecules with (188)Re.2014In: European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, ISSN 0223-5234, E-ISSN 1768-3254, Vol. 87, p. 519-28Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Affibody molecules constitute a class of small (7 kDa) scaffold proteins that can be engineered to have excellent tumor targeting properties. High reabsorption in kidneys complicates development of affibody molecules for radionuclide therapy. In this study, we evaluated the influence of the composition of cysteine-containing C-terminal peptide-based chelators on the biodistribution and renal retention of (188)Re-labeled anti-HER2 affibody molecules. Biodistribution of affibody molecules containing GGXC or GXGC peptide chelators (where X is G, S, E or K) was compared with biodistribution of a parental affibody molecule ZHER2:2395 having a KVDC peptide chelator. All constructs retained low picomolar affinity to HER2-expressing cells after labeling. The biodistribution of all (188)Re-labeled affibody molecules was in general comparable, with the main observed difference found in the uptake and retention of radioactivity in excretory organs. The (188)Re-ZHER2:V2 affibody molecule with a GGGC chelator provided the lowest uptake in all organs and tissues. The renal retention of (188)Re-ZHER2:V2 (3.1 ± 0.5 %ID/g at 4 h after injection) was 55-fold lower than retention of the parental (188)Re-ZHER2:2395 (172 ± 32 %ID/g). We show that engineering of cysteine-containing peptide-based chelators can be used for significant improvement of biodistribution of (188)Re-labeled scaffold proteins, particularly reduction of their uptake in excretory organs.

  • 2.
    Alvarez, Victor
    et al.
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Medical Engineering, Neuronic Engineering.
    Fahlstedt, Madelen
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Medical Engineering, Neuronic Engineering.
    Halldin, Peter
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Medical Engineering, Neuronic Engineering.
    Kleiven, Svein
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Medical Engineering, Neuronic Engineering.
    Importance of neck muscle tonus in head kinematics during pedestrian accidents2013In: 2013 IRCOBI Conference Proceedings - International Research Council on the Biomechanics of Injury, 2013, p. 747-761Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Unprotected pedestrians are an exposed group in the rural traffic and the most vulnerable human body region is the head which is the source of many fatal injuries. This study was performed to gain a better understanding of the influence that the neck muscle tonus has on head kinematics during pedestrian accidents. This was done using a detailed whole body FE model and a detailed FE vehicle model. To determine the influence of the muscle tonus a series of simulations were performed where the vehicle speed, pedestrian posture and muscle tonus were varied. Since the human reaction time for muscle activation is in the order of the collision time, the pedestrian was assumed to be prepared for the oncoming vehicle in order to augment the possible influence of muscle tonus. From the simulations performed, kinematic data such as head rotations, trajectory and velocities were extracted for the whole collision event, as well as velocity and accelerations at head impact. These results show that muscle tonus can influence the head rotation during a vehicle collision and therefore alter the head impact orientation. The level of influence on head rotation was in general lower than when altering the struck leg forward and backward, but in the same order of magnitude for some cases. The influence on head accelerations was higher due to muscle tonus than posture in all cases.

  • 3. Bergman, David
    et al.
    Liljefors, Ingrid
    Palm, Kristina
    Medical Management Centre, Department of Learning,Informatics,Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    The effects of dialogue groups on physicians' work environment: A matter of gender?2015In: Work: A journal of Prevention, Assessment and rehabilitation, ISSN 1051-9815, E-ISSN 1875-9270, Vol. 52, no 2, p. 407-417Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Over the past decades, the work environment of physicians has been deteriorating, particularly for female physicians. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we evaluated the effects of dialogue groups on the work environment of physicians in relation to gender. METHODS: Sixty physicians (38 women) at Sachs' Children's Hospital in Stockholm, Sweden, participated in dialogue groups once a month during a period of one year. Assessments of their psychosocial work environment were performed before and after the intervention. RESULTS: At baseline, female physicians experienced their work environment as less satisfactory compared to male physicians. After the intervention, the female physicians perceived improvements in more areas than their male colleagues. CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows that female physicians at this clinic were disadvantaged in relation to the work environment, but, more importantly, the findings suggest that several of the disadvantages can be reduced. Dialogue groups appear to improve the physicians' work environment and promote gender equality.

  • 4.
    Brynielsson, Joel
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Computer Science, Theoretical Computer Science, TCS.
    Message from the Program Chair2019In: Proceedings of the 2019 European Intelligence and Security Informatics Conference, EISIC 2019, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. , 2019, article id 9108848Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 5.
    Chakroborty, Anand
    et al.
    Aberystwyth Univ, Inst Biol Environm & Rural Sci IBERS, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, Dyfed, Wales.;Czech Acad Sci, Inst Parasitol, Biol Ctr, Ceske Budejovice 37005, Czech Republic..
    Pritchard, Deiniol
    Naturiol Bangor Ltd, MSParc, Gaerwen LL60 6AG, Anglesey, England..
    Bouillon, Marc E.
    Bangor Univ, Sch Chem, Bangor LL57 2UW, Gwynedd, Wales..
    Cervi, Anna
    Naturiol Bangor Ltd, MSParc, Gaerwen LL60 6AG, Anglesey, England..
    Cookson, Alan
    Aberystwyth Univ, Inst Biol Environm & Rural Sci IBERS, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, Dyfed, Wales..
    Wild, Charlotte
    Ridgeway Res Ltd, Pk Farm Bldg,Pk Lane, St Briavels GL15 6QX, Glos, England..
    Fenn, Caroline
    Ridgeway Res Ltd, Pk Farm Bldg,Pk Lane, St Briavels GL15 6QX, Glos, England..
    Payne, Joseph
    Ridgeway Res Ltd, Pk Farm Bldg,Pk Lane, St Briavels GL15 6QX, Glos, England..
    Holdsworth, Peter
    PAH Consultancy Pty Ltd, 3-27 Gaunson Crescent, Canberra, ACT 2903, Australia..
    Capner, Colin
    Ridgeway Res Ltd, Pk Farm Bldg,Pk Lane, St Briavels GL15 6QX, Glos, England..
    O'Neill, Jenna
    Ridgeway Res Ltd, Pk Farm Bldg,Pk Lane, St Briavels GL15 6QX, Glos, England..
    Padalino, Gilda
    Aberystwyth Univ, Inst Biol Environm & Rural Sci IBERS, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, Dyfed, Wales..
    Forde-Thomas, Josephine
    Aberystwyth Univ, Inst Biol Environm & Rural Sci IBERS, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, Dyfed, Wales..
    Gupta, Sandeep
    Bimeda UK, Bryn Cefni Ind Estate,Unit 2 A, Anglesey LL77 7XA, North Wales, Wales..
    Smith, Brendan G.
    Bimeda UK, Bryn Cefni Ind Estate,Unit 2 A, Anglesey LL77 7XA, North Wales, Wales..
    Fisher, Maggie
    Ridgeway Res Ltd, Pk Farm Bldg,Pk Lane, St Briavels GL15 6QX, Glos, England..
    Lahmann, Martina
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems. Bangor Univ, Sch Chem, Bangor LL57 2UW, Gwynedd, Wales..
    Baird, Mark S.
    Naturiol Bangor Ltd, MSParc, Gaerwen LL60 6AG, Anglesey, England..
    Hoffmann, Karl F.
    Aberystwyth Univ, Inst Biol Environm & Rural Sci IBERS, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, Dyfed, Wales..
    Flukicidal effects of abietane diterpenoid derived analogues against the food borne pathogen Fasciola hepatica2022In: Veterinary parasitology, ISSN 0304-4017, E-ISSN 1873-2550, Vol. 309, p. 109766-, article id 109766Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Control of liver fluke infections remains a significant challenge in the livestock sector due to widespread distribution of drug resistant parasite populations. In particular, increasing prevalence and economic losses due to infection with Fasciola hepatica is a direct result of drug resistance to the gold standard flukicide, triclabendazole. Sustainable control of this significant zoonotic pathogen, therefore, urgently requires the identification of new anthelmintics. Plants represent a source of molecules with potential flukicidal effects and, amongst their secondary metabolites, the diterpenoid abietic acids can be isolated in large quantities. In this study, nineteen (19) chemically modified abietic acid analogues (MC_X) were first evaluated for their anthelmintic activities against F. hepatica newly excysted juveniles (NEJs, from the laboratory-derived Italian strain); from this, 6 analogues were secondly evaluated for their anthelmintic activities against adult wild strain flukes. One analogue, MC010, was progressed further against 8-week immature- and 12-week mature Italian strain flukes. Here, MC010 demonstrated moderate activity against both of these intra-mammalian fluke stages (with an adult fluke EC50 = 12.97 mu M at 72 h post culture). Overt mammalian cell toxicity of MC010 was inferred from the Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cell line (CC50 = 17.52 mu M at 24 h post culture) and demonstrated that medicinal chemistry improvements are necessary before abietic acid analogues could be considered as potential anthelmintics against liver fluke pathogens

  • 6. Courteille, O.
    et al.
    Ho, Johnson
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Neuronic Engineering.
    Fahlstedt, Madelen
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Neuronic Engineering.
    Fors, U.
    Felländer-Tsai, L.
    Hedman, L.
    Möller, H.
    Face validity of VIS-Ed: A visualization program for teaching medical students and residents the biomechanics of cervical spine trauma2013In: Medicine Meets Virtual Reality 20, IOS Press, 2013, p. 96-102Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This RCT study aimed to investigate if VIS-Ed (Visualization through Imaging and Simulation - Education) had the potential to improve medical student education and specialist training in clinical diagnosis and treatment of trauma patients. The participants' general opinion was reported as high in both groups (lecture vs. virtual patient (VP)). Face validity of the VIS-Ed for cervical spine trauma was demonstrated and the VP group reported higher stimulation and engagement compared to the lecture group. No significant difference in the knowledge test between both groups could be observed, confirming our null hypothesis that VIS-Ed was on par with a lecture.

  • 7.
    Dahlström, Jesper
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems.
    Lundström, Alexander
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems.
    Kan automation på sterilcentralen förbättra arbetsmiljön på Nya Karolinska sjukhuset?2022Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The central sterile department that is located at the new Karolinska Hospital is not up to date. It is not satisfying from a work environmental perspective.

    There are however a number of proven methods of automation that are implemented at different hospitals but not at NKS. There are a number of different processes that have to be executed on an instrument to be able to classify it as sterile. Most of the work is done manually. Could automation be implemented to reduce the number of work done manually and to improve the work environment for the employees of the department?

    A questionnaire was used to figure out how the staff that works at the department perceives the work that is being done. The questionnaire was also used to figure out the staff's point of view on how the work processes and work environment can be improved due to automation. Field studies and visiting other hospitals were executed to study how the work at the central sterile department is done in reality.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 8.
    De Rosa, Alexander
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems.
    Edblom, Elin
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems.
    Implementering av unik produktidentifiering hos medicinteknisk mjukvara2022Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    I samband med implementeringen av förordningen om medicintekniska produkter och förordningen om medicintekniska produkter för in vitro-diagnostik, ska ett nytt spårsystem för medicintekniska produkter implementeras. Detta system kallas för unik produktidentifierare och bör appliceras på nästintill alla medicintekniska produkter. Utgångspunkten för detta arbete var att utforma implementeringen av en unik produktidentifierare för medicinteknisk mjukvara. Detta genom att studera de utfärdande enheter som ger ut unik produktidentifierare samt hur regelverken beskriver placering, byte och registrering av unika produktidentifierare. Vi fann av denna undersökning var att det fanns fyra alternativ av utfärdande enheter där skillnader mellan pris, tillgänglighet och struktur beskrevs. Byte av unik produktidentifierare bör göras vid modifiering av informationshantering, prestanda och säkerhet. Mjukvara blir tilldelad unik produktidentifierare på systemnivå, placering av unik produktidentifierare beror av mjukvarans tillstånd, fysiskt medium eller elektronisk programvara. Registrering av mjukvara sker i europeiska databanken för medicinska enheter. 

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 9.
    Deckel, Evelina
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, Ergonomics.
    Medarbetarens val av arbetsplats på det aktivitetsbaserade kontoret2020Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund – En utav vår samtids mest moderna och omdiskuterade kontorsutformningär det aktivitetsbaserade kontoret och dess tillhörande aktivitetsbaserade arbetssätt.Genom forskning har det påvisats att organisationer kan gynnas av ett aktivitetsbaseratarbetssätt i termer av produktivitet och välbefinnande hos medarbetarna om enfundamental grundsten för kontorsutformningen fungerar, nämligen att medarbetarnaväljer arbetsplats utefter det behov respektive arbetsuppgift kräver. Däremot kanmedarbetarnas val av arbetsplats påverkas av flertalet faktorer på kontoret som kanhindra flexibiliteten i valet av arbetsplats och därmed även påverka såväl organisationsom medarbetare i negativa termer.

    Syfte och mål - Den här studien syftade till att undersöka faktorer som påverkarmedarbetarens val av arbetsplats på det aktivitetsbaserade kontoret ur ett MTOperspektiv.Resultatet var ämnat att teoretiskt bidra med kunskap kring teametspåverkan på medarbetarens val av arbetsplats på kontoret. Praktiskt sätt ämnadestudiens resultat att bidra med ett kunskapsunderlag för företag att använda för att tafram förbättringsåtgärder för att förbättra flexibiliteten i medarbetarnas val avarbetsplats på kontoret.

    Metod – Studien genomfördes med en mixad metoddesign och såväl kvantitativa somkvalitativa data samlades in genom en webbaserad enkät och dokumentstudier.

    Resultat och analys – Genom studiens resultat framkom att medarbetare på destuderade aktivitetsbaserade kontoren generellt sett inte matchade avskildaarbetsplatser med arbetsuppgifter som kräver medarbetarnas individuellakoncentration. Vidare framkom att faktorer inom alla MTO-subsystem bidrog till ickematchningenmellan avskilda arbetsplatser och koncentrationskrävande arbete. Frånresultat och analys kunde det utläsas att teamet var en påverkande faktor då demedarbetare som i högre grad arbetade i team hade en större tendens att använda öppnaexponerade arbetsplatser än de som arbetade i team i lägre grad. Vidare framkom attbristande kvalitet i tekniska hårdvaror och otydligheter i beteenderegler och riktlinjerpå kontoren hade negativ påverkan på flexibiliteten i medarbetarens val av arbetsplats.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 10.
    Eff, Christopher
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, Ergonomics.
    Are legal requirements enough forpreventing occupational accidents?2023Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The increasing number of occupational health and safety issues is a problem. Legislationsthat are anchored in European law, such as “machinery directive 2006/42/EC”, the “Use ofwork equipment 2009/104/EC” and the Swedish AFS 2001:1 (Systematic Work EnvironmentManagement) are defined but still lack the power to stop accidents/ incidents fromhappening. When risks are being made conscious they are not stopped by the legalrequirements in place.

    Scientific approaches such as the Swiss cheese model, safety management systems (SMS),and HTO (Human- Technology- Organization) explain how increased complexity inside asocio-technical system needs more attention. As the cases of accidents/ incidents in anoccupational setting still increase a need for solving this appears, with the help of sciencebasedtools.

    In cooperation with the company AFRY, I conducted four interviews (n=4) and analyzed twoABRA (activity-based risk assessments) already conducted by the company. Using thecommon themes identified from the interviews to analyze the ABRA helped to identify twokey problems: unclear communication and insufficient knowledge.

    With that in mind, I’m advocating for an increased emphasis on risk communication andresilience engineering. With the awareness that communication must be clearer and thatknowledge has to be increased, it is possible to work proactively on decreasing occupationalaccidents by mitigating the risks.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 11.
    Ekström, Axel G.
    et al.
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Intelligent systems, Speech, Music and Hearing, TMH.
    Edlund, Jens
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Intelligent systems, Speech, Music and Hearing, TMH.
    Evolution of the human tongue and emergence of speech biomechanics2023In: Frontiers in Psychology, E-ISSN 1664-1078, Vol. 14, article id 1150778Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The tongue is one of the organs most central to human speech. Here, the evolution and species-unique properties of the human tongue is traced, via reference to the apparent articulatory behavior of extant non-human great apes, and fossil findings from early hominids - from a point of view of articulatory phonetics, the science of human speech production. Increased lingual flexibility provided the possibility of mapping of articulatory targets, possibly via exaptation of manual-gestural mapping capacities evident in extant great apes. The emergence of the human-specific tongue, its properties, and morphology were crucial to the evolution of human articulate speech.

  • 12.
    Eliasson, Kristina
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Health Systems Engineering, Ergonomics.
    Företagshälsovårdens arbete med förebyggande arbetsmiljöåtgärder inom fysisk arbetsmiljö: Arbetssätt, metoder och effekter2014Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    En av företagshälsovårdens viktigaste uppgifter är att arbeta med primärpreventiva tjänster för att förebygga arbetsrelaterade ohälsa hos sina kundföretag. Det finns generellt sett lite internationell forskning om företagshälsovård och dess förebyggande arbetsmiljöarbete. Denna litteraturstudie syftar till att undersöka hur företagshälsovården arbetar som utförare av arbetsmiljöinterventioner hos olika kundföretag med inriktning på primärprevention gällande fysisk arbetsmiljö. Sju artiklar inkluderades i studien. Resultatet visar att det finns få studier där det tydligt framgår att företagshälsovården är utförare av interventionen. De inkluderade studierna visar att när ett multidisciplinärt team varit involverat samt när interventioner har skett på flera nivåer, det vill säga på organisations-, grupp- och individnivå så har effekten varit positiv. Framgångsrika arbetssätt som testats av företagshälsovården för ett primärpreventivt arbete inom fysisk arbetsmiljö har bland annat inneburit systematiska riskbedömningar och teamarbete tillsammans med kundföretaget.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 13.
    Englund-Lehmann, Lena
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Health Systems Engineering, Ergonomics.
    Validitet och reliabilitet av ett arbetsbelastningsindex (AI) i en FHV enkät2014Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Abstract

     

    The purpose of this work was to scientifically evaluate the sustainability of parts of  a company-specific survey within the Occupational Health Services (FHV). The service is called HALU which is an abbreviation of the “Work Health and Lifestyle” survey and provided by Feelgood AB. HALU is a questionnaire that is used frequently towards the customer and answered on an individual level with subsequent health interviews and a statement regarding the organization's performance in order to identify the health, lifestyle and working situation of the organization. In this work, questions regarding workloads were evaluated. There were six different workload questions, and the question in this paper were whether these issues had an internal consistency, validity and reliability, and if these issues’ correlation to questions about health during the past year. These analyzes were designed as cross-sectional studies The work also included a longitudinal study in which survey responses from the same individual on two occasions analyzed to see if the responses of workload and health has correlation at two different response times. The material used is a selection from Feelgood database from which includes total includes 130,422 HALU surveys. This sample includes 17,513 surveys from 201007. The study was performed in three steps: Step 1 was a reliability study in which the internal consistency analysis regarding workload questions in the questionnaire . A workload index was created (AI) Stage 2 was a validity study where the correlation coefficient analyzed for correlation between the AI which was calculated in step 1 and the in -depth study of health issues. Step 3 was also a validity study where the correlation coefficient was analyzed in terms of relationships between different survey occasions in the same individual, in order to see if the change in workload results in change in self-perceived health . The result showed that there was strong internal consistency regarding workload issues and that there was correlation between workload and health in a cross section . There were also correlation between survey responses occasions but this was low.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 14.
    Escriva, Laura
    et al.
    Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Stockholm, Sweden.;Univ Valencia, Fac Pharm, Lab Food Chem & Toxicol, Burjassot, Spain..
    Hessel, Ellen
    Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm RIVM, Utrecht, Netherlands..
    Gustafsson, Susanne
    Swedish Med Prod Agcy, Uppsala, Sweden..
    van Spronsen, Rob
    Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm RIVM, Utrecht, Netherlands..
    Svanberg, Magdalena
    KTH, Library.
    Beronius, Anna
    Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Stockholm, Sweden..
    A validated search filter for the identification of endocrine disruptors based on the ECHA/EFSA guidance recommendations2020In: Environment International, ISSN 0160-4120, E-ISSN 1873-6750, Vol. 142, article id UNSP 105828Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A guidance document for the identification of endocrine disruptors (EDs) in the regulatory assessment of plant protection products (PPP) and biocidal products (BP) has been published by the European Chemical Agency (ECHA) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). The ECHA/EFSA guidance, mainly addressing EATS (estrogen, androgen, thyroid, steroidogenesis) modalities, is intended to guide applicants and assessors of the competent regulatory authorities on the implementation of the scientific criteria for the determination of ED properties pursuant to the recently implemented PPP (EU 2018/605) and BP (EU 2017/2100 ) EU Regulations. In this study, a search filter for targeted literature search in context of assessing if a substance can be identified as an ED relevant for human health was developed and validated. Development of the search filter was based on the search strategy presented in the ECHA/EFSA guidance and using the estrogenic chemical Bisphenol AF (BPAF) as a model substance. Information specialists from two independent institutions developed refined search filters based on the suggested original search strategy published (ECHA/EFSA guidance - Appendix F). Articles identified by a systematic literature search for BPAF were screened for relevance with inclusion and exclusion criteria by two independent reviewers obtaining positive (relevant) and negative (irrelevant) controls. The developed search filter was quantitatively evaluated in terms of sensitivity, specificity and precision based on the positive and negative controls. The developed filter was then validated for T modality by its application to the known thyroid-disruptor perchlorate. The result is a sensitive search filter with sufficient specificity, which can be applied for all chemicals where a targeted literature search is needed to assess and identify ED properties of chemicals with relevance for humans. Future application of the filter to a broader range of chemicals may identify further points of improvement.

  • 15. Hedman, Leif
    et al.
    Fahlstedt, Madelen
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Medical Engineering, Neuronic Engineering.
    Schlickum, Marcus
    Möller, Hans
    von Holst, Hans
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Medical Engineering, Neuronic Engineering.
    Felländer-Tsai, Li
    A pilot evaluation of an educational program that offers visualizations of cervical spine injuries: medical students' self-efficacy increases by training2014In: Informatics for Health and Social Care, ISSN 1753-8157, E-ISSN 1753-8165, Vol. 39, no 1, p. 33-46Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this pilot study, a new method for visualization through imaging and simulation (VIS-Ed) for teaching diagnosis and treatment of cervical spine trauma was formatively evaluated. The aims were to examine if medical students' self-efficacy would change by training using VIS-Ed, and if so these changes were related to how they evaluated the session, and the user interface (UI) of this program. Using a one-group, pre-post course test design 43 Swedish medical students (4th year, 17 males, 26 females) practiced in groups of three participants. Overall the practice and the UI were considered as positive experiences. They judged VIS-Ed as a good interactive scenario-based educational tool. All students' self-efficacy increased significantly by training (p<0.001). Spearman's rank correlation tests revealed that increased self-efficacy was only associated with: how the session was compared to as expected (p<0.007). Students' self-efficacy increased significantly by training, but replication studies should determine if this training effect is gender-related.

  • 16.
    Herland, Anna
    et al.
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Intelligent systems, Micro and Nanosystems. Karolinska Inst, Dept Neurosci, Ctr Adv Integrated Med & Engn Sci AIMES, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Yoon, Myung-Han
    Gwangju Inst Sci & Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, 123 Cheomdangwagi Ro, Gwangju 61005, South Korea..
    Macromolecular Bioelectronics2020In: Macromolecular Bioscience, ISSN 1616-5187, E-ISSN 1616-5195, Vol. 20, no 11, article id 2000329Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 17.
    Jonasson, Sandra
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, Ergonomics.
    The criterion-related validity of pupil diamater as a measurement of mental fatigue in air traffic controllers2021Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Air traffic controllers face serious responsibilities and demanding work tasks on duty, which can lead to them experiencing mental fatigue. Due to the adverse effects that fatigue has on air traffic controllers’ performance, it is important to be able to measure their fatigue levels while on duty in order to be able to intervene when the fatigue reaches critical levels. Pupil diameter is one possible mental fatigue measurement, but there are very few studies that have assessed its validity for measuring fatigue in air traffic controllers in the field. This study therefore aimed to assess the criterion-related validity of pupil diameter as a measure of fatigue in air traffic controllers on duty. Reaction time as measured by the psychomotor vigilance test was used as the gold standard fatigue measurement, while controlling for the effect of illumination on pupil diameter. A two-stage hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the prediction of pupil diameter from reaction time and illuminance. The result of this study indicates that neither RT nor illumination were significant predictors of the pupil diameter of air traffic controllers on duty. Overall, the result of this study indicates that a more complicated analysis with more data points on both illumination and pupil diameter might be necessary to be able to use illumination as a statistically significant predictor of pupil diameter in the field, and that the criterion-related validity of mean pupil diameter as a measurement of mental fatigue in air traffic controllers on duty may be low.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 18.
    Källskog, Maria
    et al.
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Health Systems Engineering, Ergonomics.
    Tängerstad, Louise
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Health Systems Engineering, Ergonomics.
    Finns det arbetsmiljöfaktorer på Arbetsförmedlingen Kundtjänst som förklarar korttidssjukfrånvaron -en Studie med MTO-perspektiv2014Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Sammanfattning

     

    Bakgrund

    Callcenter- verksamhet har vuxit fram snabbt och utvecklats mycket under de senaste årtionden, både internationellt och i Sverige. Det är en verksamhet som innebär många utmaningar i en ofta komplex arbetsmiljö med höga krav på samverkan inom systemperspektivet Människa - Teknik - Organisation. Arbetsförmedlingen tillhandahåller handläggning per telefon via kundtjänster på sju olika orter i Sverige. Korttidssjukfrånvaron ansågs högre i denna verksamhet än i övriga organisationen och målet var att minska den.

     

    Syfte

    Huvudsyftet med denna uppsats var att undersöka om det fanns arbetsmiljöfaktorer på Arbetsförmedlingen Kundtjänst som förklarade korttidssjukfrånvaron. Detta genom att tillämpa ett MTO- perspektiv (Människa - Teknik - Organisation).

     

    Metod

    För att få svar på vår frågeställning tillämpades metodtriangulering genom kvalitativ och kvantitativ datainsamling. En halvdags observation och 16 semistrukturerade intervjuer utfördes på Arbetsförmedlingens kundtjänst i Södertälje och 76 enkäter utfördes på kundtjänsterna i Södertälje och Söderhamn.

     

    Resultat

    Utifrån resultaten i vår studie gick det inte att se samband mellan fysisk arbetsmiljö, höga krav eller låg kontroll och korttidssjukfrånvaro på grund av arbetet. Det fanns dock en statistiskt signifikant skillnad beträffande vissa frågor om arbetsförhållanden och korttidssjukfrånvaro på grund av arbetet.

     

    Slutsats

    På de flesta frågor kunde sambandet mellan korttidssjukfrånvaro och fysisk och psykosocial arbetsmiljö inte påvisas. Däremot fanns en statistisk signifikans i några frågor gällande arbetsförhållanden i denna studie. Det fanns således flera faktorer i arbetsmiljön som skulle kunna förbättras och därmed individens upplevelse av arbetsmiljön. Detta kanske kunde bidra till minskad korttidssjukfrånvaro. Trots att det fanns vissa frågor som påvisade en signifikant skillnad mellan arbetsförhållanden och korttidssjukfrånvaro var det svårt att dra slutsatser på grund av studiens design samt att underlaget var litet. Interventioner i systemkomponenterna Människa – Teknik - Organisation kan vara av värde för att minska korttidssjukfrånvaron.

     

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 19.
    Kårebrand, Charlotte
    et al.
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Health Systems Engineering, Ergonomics.
    Grundström, Diana
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Health Systems Engineering, Ergonomics.
    Upplevd resiliens i två högriskorganisationer2015Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 20.
    Larsson, Tore J
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Centres, Centre for Health and Building, CHB.
    The subculture of care and care-related infections: Invited paper to Occupational Risk Prevention Conference 20142014Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In Sweden, 10% of all hospitalised patients acquire a care-related infection; between 25 - 35000 patients annually are severely injured due to medical mistakes and between 3000 and 4000 die from erroneous procedures or acquired infections. In a study of the risk of care-related infections in an institution of special accommodation for the aged, journal data and participant observation showed a low level of infection risk, but the risk levels varied significantly between wards and the understanding of hygiene routines varied between staff. It is suggested that hygiene routines be taught as a technical professional skill for physicians, nurses and nursing aides alike.

  • 21.
    Lindqvist, Eva
    et al.
    Karolinska Institutet.
    Larsson, Tore J
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Centres, Centre for Health and Building, CHB.
    Borell, Lena
    Karolinska Institutet.
    Experienced usability of assistive technology for cognitive support with respect to user goals2015In: NeuroRehabilitation (Reading, MA), ISSN 1053-8135, E-ISSN 1878-6448, Vol. 36, no 1, p. 135-149Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Studies have shown that Assistive Technology (AT) for cognitive support can support users in everyday activities. However, whether the AT actually supports the user to achieve their individual goals must further be examined. The study objective was to examine the experienced usability of features in AT for cognitive support for users with cognitive impairment. A content analysis was applied on data from interviews and field notes collected during two six-month interventions in which persons with cognitive impairment tested AT for cognitive support. Features, included in the AT support that enhanced the user's sense of control, were identified as promotional for the achievement of user goals, and some features, such as reminders, were more sensitive to the specific user's perceptions and motives. Also, features related to how the AT was maintained and communicated with other technology were very influential. The results show that easily maintained AT that fits in to the context of use increases the user's sense of control of the AT and thereby promotes the goal achievement and usability of the AT. Further, the usability of the AT is very influenced by contextual factors such as the ordinary mobile network, the Internet, and the operators.

  • 22.
    Löfgren, Karolina
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, Ergonomics.
    Samspel mellan fysiska, organisatoriska och sociala arbetsmiljön vid arbete hemifrån.En fallstudie som undersökt omställningen till arbete hemifrån under Covid-19 pandemin.2021Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    When the Covid-19 pandemic hit, many organizations had to adapt to new waysof working. For many, this meant that the work previously done in offices wasnow allowed to move home instead. This meant a major change, not least forauthorities that had not been able to carry out their work from home before. Theaim with the study was to investigate positive and negative effects in the workenvironment during a transition from office work to work from home.Authorities and other organizations may benefit from this new knowledge inanticipating risk factors and preventing them. A case study was conducted on aunit of an authority in a larger city in Sweden. A questionnaire was sent out tothe unit and two in-depth interviews were conducted. The results presentconnections that have emerged in the organizational and social workenvironment as well as the physical work environment. The results of the studyare interpreted as saying that most people were positive about working fromhome. All static relationships investigated regarding the organizational, socialand physical working environment showed significant correlations (correlationvalues ranged from 0.387-0.754). These results showed that a well-functioningdigital platform is a prerequisite for good communication, that undisturbed workaffects the experience of concentration, that productivity was affected by sittingundisturbed, that job satisfaction was affected by the support of management,that perception of their working position affected pain and discomfort in thebody and that what they thought about the physical work environment regardingtables and chair matters. Both the answers in the survey and in the interviewsturned out to be positive. All the relationships regarding the organizational andsocial work environment showed correlation that was significant. Also, all therelationships regarding the physical work environment showed correlation thatwas significant. Since the study showed such positive results, authorities shouldconsider about how to approach employees doing work from home even aftersociety has gained better control of the Covid-19 pandemic. This study hasgenerated new knowledge that can change any position regarding work fromhome for employees at authorities.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 23. Mattsson, Janet
    et al.
    Östlund, Britt
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, Technology in Health Care.
    Björling, Gunilla
    Williamsson, Anna
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, Ergonomics.
    Eriksson, Andrea
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, Ergonomics.
    Interprofessional Learning for Enhanced Patient Safety: Biomedical Engineering Students and Nursing Students in Joint Learning Activities.2019In: Journal of Research in Interprofessional Practice and Education, E-ISSN 1916-7342, Vol. 9, no 1Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: In the last decade, research has highlighted the importance of interprofessional approaches to education and practice. Collaboration between medical practice and engineering has been identified as particularly relevant to developing accountable models for sustainable healthcare and overcoming increased specialization leading to professional barriers. This study aims to analyze insights and understanding expressed by nursing students and biomedical engineering students following a joint learning activity regarding a medical device used in the hospital setting.

    Method: A qualitative approach deriving from a phenomenological view examined an interprofessional learning activity where the focus was on active integration and knowledge exchange.

    Conclusion: The activity was expressed as a positive opportunity for getting insights into perspectives from other professional groups as well as insights into the importance of a system perspective in patient safety. The learning and insights listed in the evaluations included ideas about how the two professional groups could collaborate in the future.

  • 24.
    Mead, Gillian Elizabeth
    et al.
    Univ Edinburgh, Royal Infirm, Usher Inst, Room S1642, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, SA, Scotland..
    Graham, Catriona
    Western Gen Hosp, Welcome Trust Clin Res Facil, Crewe Rd, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Midlothian, Scotland..
    Billot, Laurent
    Univ Sydney, George Inst Global Hlth, Sydney, NSW, Australia..
    Näsman, Per
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Real Estate and Construction Management, Real Estate Economics and Finance.
    Lundström, Erik
    Uppsala Univ, Dept Neurosci, Neurol, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Lewis, Steff
    Univ Edinburgh, Nine Edinburgh BioQuarter, Level 2,9 Little France Rd, Edinburgh EH16 4UX, Midlothian, Scotland..
    Hankey, Graeme J.
    Univ Western Australia, Fac Hlth & Med Sci, Med Sch, Crawley, WA, Australia..
    Hackett, Maree L.
    Univ Sydney, George Inst Global Hlth, Sydney, NSW, Australia..
    Forbes, John
    Univ Limerick, Hlth Res Inst, Limerick, Ireland..
    Dennis, Martin
    Univ Edinburgh, Ctr Clin Brain Sci, Chancellors Bldg, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, Midlothian, Scotland..
    Update to the FOCUS, AFFINITY and EFFECTS trials studying the effect(s) of fluoxetine in patients with a recent stroke: statistical analysis plan for the trials and for the individual patient data meta-analysis2020In: Trials, E-ISSN 1745-6215, Vol. 21, no 1, article id 971Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BackgroundThree large trials of fluoxetine for stroke recovery (FOCUS (fluoxetine or control under supervision), AFFINITY (the Assessment oF FluoxetINe In sTroke recovery) and EFFECTS (Efficacy oF Fluoxetine-a randomisEd Controlled Trial in Stroke)) have been collaboratively designed with the same basic protocol to facilitate an individual patient data analysis (IPDM). The statistical analysis plan for the three individual trials has already been reported in Trials, including a brief description of the IPDM. In this protocol, we describe in detail how we will perform the IPDM.Methods/designData from EFFECTS and AFFINITY will be transferred securely to the FOCUS statistician, who will perform a one-stage IPDM and a two-stage IPDM. For the one-stage IPDM, data will be combined into a single data set and the same analyses performed as described for the individual trials. For the two-stage IPDM, the results for the three individual trials will be combined using fixed effects meta-analyses.The primary and secondary outcome domains for the IPDM are the same as for individual trials. We will also perform analyses according to several subgroups including country of recruitment, ethnicity and trial. We will also explore the effects of fluoxetine on our primary and secondary outcomes in subgroups defined by combinations of characteristics.We also describe additional research questions that will be addressed using the combined data set, and published subsequently, including predictors of important post-stroke problems such as seizures, low mood and bone fractures.DiscussionAn IPDM of our three large trials of fluoxetine for stroke recovery will allow us to provide the most precise estimates of any risks and benefits of fluoxetine vs placebo, to detect reliably a smaller overall effect size than those detectable by the individual trials, to better determine the effects of fluoxetine vs placebo in subgroups of patients and outcomes and to broaden the generalisability of the results. Also, we may identify differences in treatment effects between studies.Trial registrationFOCUS: ISRCTN ISRCTN83290762. Registered on 23 May 2012. EudraCT 2011-005616-29. Registered on 3 February 2012.AFFINITY: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12611000774921. Registered on 22 July 2011.EFFECTS: ISRCTN ISRCTN13020412. Registered on 19 December 2014. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02683213. Registered on 2 February 2016. EudraCT 2011-006130-16. Registered on 8 August 2014.

  • 25. Patton, D. A.
    et al.
    McIntosh, A. S.
    Kleiven, Svein
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Medical Engineering, Neuronic Engineering.
    The biomechanical determinants of concussion: Finite element simulations to investigate brain tissue deformations during sporting impacts to the unprotected head2013In: Journal of Applied Biomechanics, ISSN 1065-8483, E-ISSN 1543-2688, Vol. 29, no 6, p. 721-730Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Concussion is an injury of specific interest in collision and contact sports, resulting in a need to develop effective preventive strategies. A detailed finite element model of the human head was used to approximate the regional distribution of tissue deformations in the brain by simulating reconstructions of unhelmeted concussion and no-injury head impacts. The results were evaluated using logistic regression analysis and it was found that angular kinematics, in the coronal plane, and maximum principal strains, in all regions of the brain, were significantly associated with concussion. The results suggested that impacts to the temporal region of the head cause coronal rotations, which render injurious strain levels in the brain. Tentative strain tolerance levels of 0.13, 0.15, and 0.26 in the thalamus, corpus callosum, and white matter, respectively, for a 50% likelihood of concussion were determined by logistic regression. The tentative strain tolerance levels compared well with previously reported results from reconstruction studies of American football and single axon, optic nerve, and brain slice culture model studies. The methods used in the current study provide an opportunity to collect unique kinematic data of sporting impacts to the unprotected head, which can be employed in various ways to broaden the understanding of concussion.

  • 26.
    Pitt, Christine
    et al.
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Industrial Economics and Management (Dept.).
    Paschen, J.
    Kietzmann, J.
    Pitt, L. F.
    Pala, E.
    Artificial Intelligence, Marketing, and the History of Technology: Kranzberg’s Laws as a Conceptual Lens2021In: Australasian Marketing Journal, ISSN 1441-3582, E-ISSN 1839-3349Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Killer applications, or killer apps, are technology applications that profoundly change the way any society thinks, works, and functions. This paper explores Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a killer app, with specific application to marketing. Specifically, this paper employs the lens of technology history to explore the relationship between marketing and AI. Using Kranzberg’s six laws of technology, this paper sheds light on all manner of innovations, how technologies have shaped and impacted society, and how marketers can respond to this. This inquiry offers two main contributions: First, it suggests a number of implications for marketing practice and scholars, derived from each of Kranzberg’s laws. These suggestions are intended to guide marketing practice when implementing or using AI. In addition, this article offers a number of research directions that might be fruitful and important areas for investigation in future scholarly work regarding technology’s impact among marketing scholars.

  • 27.
    Ren, Wuwei
    et al.
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Medical Engineering.
    Valastyán, Iván
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Medical Engineering.
    Colarieti-Tosti, Massimiliano
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Medical Engineering.
    Stationary SPECT with multi-layer multiple-pinhole-arrays2012In: 2012 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Record (NSS/MIC), IEEE , 2012, p. 2594-2597Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The potential of Multiple Pinhole Arrays (MPA) collimators for developing a Single Photon Emission Computer Tomography (SPECT) system without rotating or moving elements is investigated. A four layer arrangement is proposed and the system performance is evaluated using the simulation toolkit GATE [1]. For a camera with a field of view (FOV) of the order of a human brain (a sphere of radius 100 mm), a sensitivity of 86, 0 cps/MBq and an overall resolution of 5 mm have been estimated, indicating that performances comparable to traditional parallel-hole-collimator cameras can be achieved.

  • 28.
    Sageby, Anita
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, Ergonomics.
    Lokalvårdares möjligheter och motivation till hälsofrämjande aktiviteter på arbetsplatsen. -Enkätstudie och intervjuer om hinder och möjligheter2021Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Syfte Syftet med denna studie har varit att studera och inventera en arbetsgrupp med lokalvårdares uppfattning om arbetsvillkor, ergonomi och i vilken utsträckning hälsofrämjande aktiviteter utövades under eller efter arbetstid.

    Bakgrund: Ett intresse finns bland arbetsgivarna att förbättra arbetstagarnas hälsotillstånd och muskuloskeletala hälsa då det är möjligt att minska sjukfrånvaron och påverka produktiviteten. Olika diskurser förespråkar att yrkesrelaterade hälsoproblem kan lösas med olika typer av träning. Känsligheten för att drabbas av belastningsskador varierar mellan individer. Brister i den organisatoriska och psykosociala miljön kan påverka hälsan negativt. Klass och kön har stor inverkan på hur vi kan påverka och forma våra liv både privat och i arbetslivet. Enligt jämställdhetsbarometern råder det fortfarandestora stora klass- och könsskillnader i arbetslivet, och personer i arbetsyrken har i allmänhet en sämre arbetsmiljö

    Metod: Metodansatsen för denna studie har varit en kombination av flera metoder som följer; Enkäter QPS Nordic 34+ avseende psykosocial och organisatorisk arbetsmiljö. Kompletterande frågor (KFS) om kondition, ergonomi och träningsvanor. Fältarbete i form av observationer och intervjuer. Deltagarna bestod av 56 lokalvårdare/städare.

    Resultat: Resultaten visade att en övervägande andel enligt QPS ansåg att arbetsgivarens intresse för personalens hälsa var lågt och hälften ansåg att det fanns betydande brister i organisationskultur och organisationsklimat som inte var tillräckligt stödjande, liksom i interaktion på arbetsplatsen samt i arbetskrav. På den positiva sidan såg de allra flesta sig själva som yrkesskickliga. Resultaten från intervjuerna visade att en förbättrad introduktion, vi-känsla, socialt stöd och grupptillhörighet, bättre arbetsorganisering. hjälpmedel, transporter samt trivselskapande aktiviteter skulle förbättra arbetsmiljön. Enligt KFS-frågorna visade en övervägande andel svalt intresse att delta i en grupp för att prova motions- och friskvårdsaktiviteter. En övervägande andel ansåg dock att deras hälsotillstånd kunde förbättras måttligt eller avsevärt. Stresshantering och avspänning var något som önskades, liksom intresse för konditionsförbättrande aktiviteter, friskvård under arbetstid och egenvalda aktiviteter. Många ansåg sig redan ha kunskap om ergonomi. Studien gör inte anspråk på att vara generaliserbar men avser att bidra till ökat lärande om interventioner och deras förutsättningar.

    Slutsats: Genomgående i alla metoder framkom brister i arbetskrav, organisationskultur och ledarskap, arbetsklimat och interaktion, belöning och stöd i den psykosociala och organisatoriska arbetsmiljön vilka sammanföll med kategorierna i QPSNordic34 + och vad som framkom från KFS. De flesta (80%) önskade förbättra sin hälsa och lika många (80%) ansåg att arbetsgivarens intresse för de anställdas hälsa var lågt. Stress och tidspress var vanligt hos 70% och 65% upplevde bristande ledarskap. Belöning och trivselfaktorer var andra områden som 66% var missnöjda med. De flesta städare ansåg det viktigt med ergonomiaspekten för den totala arbetsbelastningen samt att arbetsorganisationen var viktig för god ergonomi. Studien har visat att det fanns en brist på hälsofrämjande strategi för att motivera medarbetarna till en aktörsroll Den forskning som presenterades av Marmot (2006) överensstämmer med vad som framkom i studien, att obalans i livssituationen, ojämlik arbetsmarknad och att arbetsförhållandena är faktorer viktiga för den sociala gradienten. Ju högre upp i hierarkin och status en individ befinner sig desto bättre hälsa. Därför är fler studier om lokalvårdarnas psykosociala och organisatoriska arbetsmiljö eftersträvansvärda.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 29. Sotres, J.
    et al.
    Pettersson, Torbjörn
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Fibre and Polymer Technology.
    Lindh, L.
    Arnebrant, T.
    NanoWear of Salivary Films vs. Substratum Wettability2012In: Journal of Dental Research, ISSN 0022-0345, E-ISSN 1544-0591, Vol. 91, no 10, p. 973-978Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The pellicle serves as a multifunctional protective layer, providing, e.g., lubrication and remineralization and also acting as a diffusion barrier. In addition, since the formation of the pellicle precedes the adhesion of micro-organisms, it is also important as a conditioning film. We present a novel approach to study the influence of the water wettability of solid surfaces on the strength of adsorbed salivary films. It is based on studying the wear resistance of the films with an atomic force microscope operated in the friction force spectroscopy mode. This methodology provides the strength of the films in terms of the forces needed for breaking and removing them. Our results indicate that these forces are highly dependent on the water wettability of the underlying substrata, decreasing with increasing hydrophobicity. Thus, this study provides valuable information for the design of materials exposed in the oral cavity, i.e., materials that will minimize plaque formation and be easy to clean.

  • 30.
    Sundberg, Johan
    et al.
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Speech Transmission and Music Acoustics.
    Ternström, Sten
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Speech Transmission and Music Acoustics.
    Perkins, William H
    University of Southern California.
    Gramming, Patricia
    Malmö General Hospital.
    Long-time average spectrum analysis of phonatory effects of noise and filtered auditory feedback1988In: Journal of Phonetics, ISSN 0095-4470, E-ISSN 1095-8576, Vol. 16, p. 203-219Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 31.
    Ternström, Sten
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Speech Transmission and Music Acoustics.
    Perceptual evaluations of voice scatter in unison choir sounds.1993In: Journal of Voice, ISSN 0892-1997, E-ISSN 1873-4588, Vol. 7, no 2, p. 129-135Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The preferences of experiences listerners for pitch and formant frequency dispersion in unison choir sounds were explored using synthesized stimuli. Two types of dispersion were investigated: (a) pitch scatter, which arises when voices in an ensemble exhibit small differences in mean fundamental frequency, and (b) spectral smear, defined as such dispersion of formants 3 to 5 as arises from differences in vocal tract length. Each stimulus represented a choir section of five bass, tenor, alto, or soprano voices, producing the vowel [u], [a], or [ae]. Subjects chose one dispersion level out of six available, selecting the "maximum tolerable" in a first run and the "preferred" in a second run. The listeners were very different in their tolerance for dispersion. Typical scatter choices were 14 cent standard deviation for "tolerable" and 0 or 5 cent for "preferred." The smear choices were less consistent; the standard deviations were 12 and 7%, respectively. In all modes of assessment, the largest dispersion was chosen for the vowel [u] on a bass tone. There was a vowel effect on the smear choices. The effects of voice category were not significant.

  • 32.
    Tängerstad, Louise
    et al.
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Health Systems Engineering, Ergonomics.
    Källskog, Maria
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Health Systems Engineering, Ergonomics.
    Finns det arbetsmiljöfaktorer på Arbetsförmedlingen Kundtjänst som förklarar korttidssjukfrånvaron? - En studie med MTO-perspektiv2014Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund

    Callcenter- verksamhet har vuxit fram snabbt och utvecklats mycket under de senaste årtionden, både internationellt och i Sverige. Det är en verksamhet som innebär många utmaningar i en ofta komplex arbetsmiljö med höga krav på samverkan inom systemperspektivet Människa - Teknik - Organisation. Arbetsförmedlingen tillhandahåller handläggning per telefon via kundtjänster på sju olika orter i Sverige. Korttidssjukfrånvaron ansågs högre i denna verksamhet än i övriga organisationen och målet var att minska den.

     

    Syfte

    Huvudsyftet med denna uppsats var att undersöka om det fanns arbetsmiljöfaktorer på Arbetsförmedlingen Kundtjänst som förklarade korttidssjukfrånvaron. Detta genom att tillämpa ett MTO- perspektiv (Människa - Teknik - Organisation).

     

    Metod

    För att få svar på vår frågeställning tillämpades metodtriangulering genom kvalitativ och kvantitativ datainsamling. En halvdags observation och 16 semistrukturerade intervjuer utfördes på Arbetsförmedlingens kundtjänst i Södertälje och 76 enkäter utfördes på kundtjänsterna i Södertälje och Söderhamn.

     

    Resultat

    Utifrån resultaten i vår studie gick det inte att se samband mellan fysisk arbetsmiljö, höga krav eller låg kontroll och korttidssjukfrånvaro på grund av arbetet. Det fanns dock en statistiskt signifikant skillnad beträffande vissa frågor om arbetsförhållanden och korttidssjukfrånvaro på grund av arbetet.

     

    Slutsats

    På de flesta frågor kunde sambandet mellan korttidssjukfrånvaro och fysisk och psykosocial arbetsmiljö inte påvisas. Däremot fanns en statistisk signifikans i några frågor gällande arbetsförhållanden i denna studie. Det fanns således flera faktorer i arbetsmiljön som skulle kunna förbättras och därmed individens upplevelse av arbetsmiljön. Detta kanske kunde bidra till minskad korttidssjukfrånvaro. Trots att det fanns vissa frågor som påvisade en signifikant skillnad mellan arbetsförhållanden och korttidssjukfrånvaro var det svårt att dra slutsatser på grund av studiens design samt att underlaget var litet. Interventioner i systemkomponenterna Människa – Teknik - Organisation kan vara av värde för att minska korttidssjukfrånvaron.

     

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 33.
    Vedin, Erika
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, Ergonomics.
    One dashboard does not fit all: Promoting User Engagement through Dashboard Design in an Energy Monitoring Platform2022Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Abstract

    A dashboard can be described as a compact first impression of a digital product or service. In any organization, a well-designed and user-centered dashboard can be a powerful tool to engage users in the organization’s processes and goals. In this study, a dashboard of an energy monitoring platform has been examined. This dashboard is used by a wide array of people working in different facility management organizations. The defined problem is the dashboard’s shortness of engagement with the users. The study’s purpose is to examine how to increase engagement with the users in the dashboard view. This has been done by applying practices and methods of User Experience (UX) and User-centered design. With the Double Diamond Design Process (DDDP) as an outset, user needs and goals in relation to the dashboard has been explored. Data collection has been done with a mixed method design, consisting of a pre-study, user interviews and a survey. An inductive data analysis has led to three key themes being identified: Deviations, Context and Customization. These themes represent the three main sources of potential for a more engaging dashboard on a user level. What was concluded by this was that the dashboard must resonate with the individual user on a level more closely related to the user’s organizational role and goals, needs. By adapting to the user context, making deviations prominent in the visual field, and allowing for customization of features, an engaging dashboard can be developed in any organizational context.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 34.
    Zulfiqar, Mahhim
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, Ergonomics.
    The impact of Covid-19 on the work Environment of University Teachers2022Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The spread of the Covid-19 has led to a worldwide pandemic which altered many aspects ofhuman life including higher education. As a result of a worldwide pandemic the educationsystem shifted from university campuses to virtual setups. This shift had a major impact onthe faculty members and professors teaching across the globe. While there the phenomenonwas being studied from students‟ perspective, this study highlights the impact of digitalteaching on the university professors at two universities in Sweden and Pakistan.The aim of this thesis project was to conduct a comparative study which explores howuniversity professors adapted their work environment in light of COVID-19 and e-learning.The universities primarily being studied are KTH Royal Institute of Technology situated inStockholm, Sweden and National University of Science and Technology situated inIslamabad, Pakistan. The ambition was also to discern measures to cater positive health andwork environment, and a diverse knowledge pool of best practices through a qualitativeinterview based study. These findings were generated through inductive reasoning byanalyzing eleven interviews conducted in both countries. The discussion was steered by theHuman, Technology, and Organization (HTO) - Model and concepts of ResilienceEngineering.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
1 - 34 of 34
CiteExportLink to result list
Permanent link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf