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  • 1.
    Aagaard, Annabeth
    et al.
    Aarhus University, Dept. Business Development & Technology.
    Ritzén, Sofia
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Machine Design (Dept.), Integrated Product Development.
    Creating and capturing sustainable value through business model and service innovation2018Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A number of researchers and practitioners emphasize the potentials of creating value through sustainable business models. However, little attention has been paid as to how sustainable value is created and implemented into the organization and how sustainable value is perceived by the customers. This research gap is explored empirically through a case study of active facilitation and implementation of sustainable business models as experience internally and externally among two hotels’ employees and customers. The findings reveal different key control mechanisms in sustainable value creation and value capture through sustainable business models and sustainable service innovation. The managerial implications of creating and implementing sustainable business models in ways that are perceived sustainable by customer, stress the need for employee engagement, customer involvement, and targeted and personal communication educating internal and external sustainability ambassadors.

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  • 2.
    Abdul Al, Fatima
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Urban and Regional Studies.
    Ansvarsfördelning vid förvaltning av 3D-utrymmen: En studie om underbyggnad av allmän plats2019Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Since the 1st of January 2004 it has according to Swedish law been possible to form a 3D property. As the cities continue to grow and expand by attract more inhabitants it has become of a greater importance to develop the city and at the same time preserving its qualities. 3D property formation could be used to do so. This thesis focuses on 3D property formation where a facility is built underneath a public space. The thesis study how the responsibility to maintain the 3D property should be distributed between the property owners, in this case between the municipality and a private property owner, to establish a long term management of the public spplace as well as the underground construction. The research is carried out by studying property formation cases, detail plans and contracts. The results of the study shows that 3D property research is a highly complex matter and that a clear distribution of responsibilities between the property owners is requiredneeded in order to facilitate a long term management of the property. It is also important to distribute any eventual costs and clearly decide what responsibilities each property owner has. Lastly, collaboration between the divisions within the municipality as well as collaboration between the municipality and the department of cadastral survey is of great importance to secure that the information given in property formation cases, detail plans and contracts is unambiguous.

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  • 3.
    Abraham, Jonatan
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Urban and Regional Studies.
    Assessing the threats against rural Sweden: An exploration of crimes against Swedish farmers related to animal production2020Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    In the discourse of crime and place, the focus has rarely fallen on rural crime. While experiencing comparably lower crime levels than urban counterparts, the common association with rural areas as being symbols of peace and friendly social interaction is not necessarily accurate. One group that often are thought of as inherently rural is farmers, who’s workplaces may possess certain unique vulnerabilities to crime compared to other locations. This thesis aims to obtain a better understanding of the threats against farmers related to animal production in a Swedish context, adding to the knowledge base regarding rural crime and sustainable development of rural and urban areas. The objectives of the study are:

    • to investigate the nature of the victimization of farmers devoted to animal production in Sweden, especially related the situational conditions of farms and rural areas.

    • to explore new data that could be used to approximate the scale of the threats against farmers using data from media archives from 2009 to 2019. This study reports types, frequency, and location of crimes against animal production with a focus on mink, rabbit and pig farms. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) is used to report the geography of these offences at municipal level. The theories of the routine activity approach and situational crime prevention are used to try to explain certain conditions that may facilitate crime on farms, while the offenders are explored using the theory on techniques of neutralization.

    The findings of the study show that the experience of the chosen actor’s varied greatly, but with crimes such as trespassing, vandalism and theft being common types of offenses across the board. The locations of the crime events were focused in the southern to mid of Sweden. Situational conditions that may have facilitated crime includes: the large size of farms and low population density providing low detection of crime, high value targets, and relatively high accessibility to the farms. From the data, mainly three techniques of neutralization were observed to be utilized: denial of the victim, denial of injury and appeal to higher loyalties. Multiple techniques were observed to be utilized together, while simultaneously exploiting situational conditions to facilitate the neutralization.

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  • 4.
    Abrahamsson, Johanna
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Urban and Regional Studies.
    Naturens roll i ett digitaliserat Stockholm2020Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    In recent years, the term “smart city” has been increasingly used to describe a future sustainable city (Colding & Barthel, 2017). Social, economic, and ecological sustainability is expected to be achieved by using digital technology. At the same time, it is considered important that people switch to more sustainable lifestyles in order to reduce the human impact on the climate (National Research Council, 1999). Studies have shown that nature experiences have the potential to increase the environmental commitment (Kals mfl., 1999; Ballantyne & Packer, 2009). Digital technology is considered to have great potential for facilitating interactions with nature, thereby strengthening the nature-human connection (Maffey mfl., 2015). At the same time, digital technology may increase the distance between man and nature. The current digitalization process is reflected in the Smart City vision in Stockholm. Furthermore, the Swedish outdoor life is considered to be more and more commercialized (Margaryan, 2017; Margaryan & Fredman, 2017). This study is based on two issues, of which the first relates to how digital technology can affect the relationship between humans and nature. The second issue relates to the conceptions of nature that underpin people’s interpretations of it. The study aims to investigate what potential digital tools can be considered to use to promote increased sustainability as well as what views of nature that can be identified among the outdoor life sector in Stockholm. In order to achieve the aim of the study, a qualitative method with a literature study as well as semi-structured interviews has been used. The digital innovation Outdoor Map will constitute a case study. The results show that nature experiences can be related to increased environmental commitment by increasing the interest in nature as well as the human-nature connection. Digital services can help promote people’s contact with nature by constituting additional sources for information about nature areas, as well as increasing the satisfaction of nature experiences. Much of the potential of the Outdoor Map seems to be related to the long-term expansion as it has a connection with the collaboration structure that underpins the service as well as the social community which is an important advantage of the service. Digital tools should be considered as having the potential to promote nature stays for those who otherwise rarely experience nature by providing information and by being available on the smartphone. At the same time, these types of services may have difficulty reaching those who do not usually involve themselves in nature. Furthermore, the study indicated that different views of nature can be activated in different situations. Different views of nature seemed to be activated when the respondents discussed the benefits of nature experiences compared to when the discussions concerned the human-nature relationship. This can be explained by differences between personal attitudes and the tactics used to promote sustainability. Based on the results of the study, it is proposed to include a reflection in the outdoor life sector about how nature is talked about and how it is presented.

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  • 5.
    Abu Sa'a, Ehab
    et al.
    Linköping University.
    Asplund, Fredrik
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Engineering Design, Mechatronics and Embedded Control Systems.
    Enabling knowledge sharing in university-cross-industry competence centres2023In: Proceedings of European Academy of Management (EURAM) 2023: Transforming Business for Good, Dublin, Ireland, 2023Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    University competence centres (UCCs) are created to enhance university-industry collaboration and knowledge sharing among collaborating partners. This study investigates the organisation of knowledge sharing among firms in UCCs through a qualitative case study of UCCs with or without a focus on research in their activities. Data collection was done through interviews and observations over a period of 24 months. While the findings indicate that both types of UCCs are non-neutral, they also reveal several different characteristics that appear primarily based on a strong tie either to the first (education) or the second (research) mission of academia. Although both types of UCCs act to build a common meaning among participating organisations, the focus on the first or the second mission leads to this meaning is primarily being constructed in the firm-to-firm or university-to-firm interfaces, respectively. Whereas cross-industry knowledge sharing is emphasised by both types of centres, it is thus more strongly emphasised by UCCs without a focus on research as it helps to avoid harmful effects of knowledge spillovers. The focus on the first mission also appears able to sustain the organisation of knowledge ecosystems created by UCCs without a focus on research in a prefigurative form, which is otherwise typically transient. Furthermore, the challenges to sustainability are different, with centres focused on research being pre-occupied with funding issues, while centres not focused on research leveraging on others means to maintain the interest of industry. The findings contribute to innovation management research and practice by refining current understanding of processes and practices of university-industry collaboration, and how they contribute to facilitate (cross-industry) collaboration and knowledge transfer. Given that university-industry collaboration is often promoted in national innovation policies to create value for society as whole, our findings contribute towards enabling organisations, managers as well as governments to take more informed actions when engaging in such collaborations.

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  • 6.
    Ackebo, Jonas
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Environmental Strategies.
    Cykelplanering ur ett lokalt perspektiv: Hur Danderyds kommun kan arbeta för att underlätta en ökning av andelen cykelresor2013Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 7.
    Ackebo, Jonas
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Environmental Strategies Research (fms).
    Brandt, Anna-Clara
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Environmental Strategies Research (fms).
    Dobraja, Kristine
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Environmental Strategies Research (fms).
    Isaksson, Sarah
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Environmental Strategies Research (fms).
    Liebmann, Andrew
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Environmental Strategies Research (fms).
    Lindberg, Anna
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Environmental Strategies Research (fms).
    Lundgren, Monia
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Environmental Strategies Research (fms).
    Song, Meng
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Environmental Strategies Research (fms).
    Svenfelt, Åsa
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Environmental Strategies Research (fms).
    Zachrisson, Maja
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Environmental Strategies Research (fms).
    What is the potential to create a just social-ecological in Fisksätra/Saltsjöbaden?: Report from the Ecosystem support and Environmental Justice course (AG2803)2013Report (Other academic)
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  • 8.
    Adem Esmail, Blal
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment.
    Geneletti, Davide
    An Operational Approach for Watershed Investments2020In: Ecosystem Services for Urban Water Security: Concepts and Applications in Sub-Saharan Africa, Cham: Springer Nature , 2020Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This chapter focuses on Watershed Investments for securing water for cities. It starts with a brief account of the application of ecosystem services for decision-making and a theoretical background of boundary work. Accordingly, it proposes an operational approach developed for designing and assessing impact of watershed iInvestments to secure water for cities. The developed approach distin- guishes between a “strategic” and a “technical” component. The strategic component identifies as key inputs of the process of Watershed Investment design and assess- ment, the definition of objectives and visioning of feasible and desirable scenarios by stakeholders. The technical component applies spatially explicit modelling to design Watershed Investments, hence to model the impacts on selected ecosystem services. The chapter concludes highlighting the potential of the approach to contribute to adaptive management in the urban water sector, by addressing the challenges of linking diverse stakeholders and knowledge system across management levels and institutional boundaries.

  • 9. Adem Esmail, Blal
    et al.
    Geneletti, Davide
    Challenges for Water Security in Asmara, Eritrea2020In: Ecosystem Services for Urban Water Security: Concepts and Applications in Sub-Saharan Africa, Cham: Springer Nature , 2020Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This chapter presents a case study of urban water sector selected to apply a novel approach for designing and assessing impacts ofWatershed Investments and more generally to explore the challenges of urban water security in a Sub-Saharan Africa context characterized by limited resources. The case is about the city of Asmara—the city capital of Eritrea—and its main water supply, the Toker water- shed. The chapter illustrates the main socio-ecological challenges and opportunities for promoting adaptive management in the case study. In particular, to illustrate contextual and contingent factors characterizing the case study, three examples of ongoing soil and water conservation activities are presented. The chapter concludes with a focus on the Asmara Water Supply Department (AWSD), a key stakeholder in the selected case study. Specifically, the AWSD is analysed through an approach for conceptualizing water utilities as “learning organization” and assessing their institutional capacity.

  • 10.
    Adem Esmail, Blal
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment.
    Geneletti, Davide
    Conclusions2020In: Ecosystem Services for Urban Water Security: Concepts and Applications in Sub-Saharan Africa, Cham: Springer Nature , 2020Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This chapter summarizes the main messages of the book, as well as dis- cusses the challenges for future research and practice to contribute to achieving water security and to implementing adaptive management in the urban water sector. Briefly, the first main message is that achieving urbanwater security through adaptive watershed planning and management, in Sub-Saharan Africa context, is a complex issue. Thus, an intuitive and flexible conceptual framework of the urban water sector from an ecosystem services perspective was proposed. It provides an overview of the main challenges and trends that characterize the sector, highlighting the specificities of the Sub-Saharan context, setting the background for further analysis. Second, if properly designed, Watershed Investments can become an important financial and governance mechanism to promote the implementation of adaptive watershed man- agement to achieve urban water security. Third, a good case study application, even if only based on desk research, can serve to inspire stakeholder and possibly prepare the ground for real-life implementation of science-informed measures to promote urban water security alongside other social goals, coordinating ongoing watershed initiatives.

  • 11.
    Adem Esmail, Blal
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment.
    Geneletti, Davide
    Designing Watershed Investments for Asmara and the Toker Watershed2020In: Ecosystem Services for Urban Water Security: Concepts and Applications in Sub-Saharan Africa, Cham: Springer Nature , 2020Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This chapter presents an application of a novel operational approach for designing and assessing the impacts ofWatershed Investments, developed in Chap. 3, to the Asmara and Toker Watershed case study. Assuming urban water security and rural poverty alleviation as two objectives for Watershed Investments, the case study application explores all the steps ofthe proposed approach. The results ofthe applica- tion include spatially explicit data that allowquantitatively assessing the performance of differentWatershed Investment scenarios in terms of changes in a selected ecosys- tem service, answering to important planning and management questions. The appli- cation to the Asmara and Toker Watershed case study also highlights the challenges of addressing stakeholders’ concerns through relevant boundary work strategies.

  • 12. Adem Esmail, Blal
    et al.
    Geneletti⁠, Davide
    Ecosystem services for urban water security.: Concepts and applications in Sub-Saharan Africa2020 (ed. 1)Book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The book addresses the challenges of urban water security and adaptive management in Sub-Saharan Africa, exploring and interlinking novel concepts of ecosystems services, watershed investments, and boundary work. Specifically, the book’s goals are to (i) present a conceptual framework for the urban water sector from an ecosystem services perspective, highlighting the specificities of the Sub-Saharan context; (ii) develop an operational approach to designing and assessing the impacts of watershed investments, based on ecosystem services and boundary work; and (iii) test the approach through a case study in Asmara, Eritrea, and discuss the findings and lessons learned that can be applied in other contexts. 

    Through a fully worked out case study, from identification of water challenges and opportunities to spatially explicit modelling, the book offers a sound and accessible, coverage of issues and proposed solutions to better operationalize ecosystem services, watershed investments and boundary work, to promote adaptive management, and achieve water security in the context of rapidly developing cities in Sub-Saharan Africa. The book is an effective tool for capacity building of diverse stakeholders on the urban water sector, including water managers, local and national policy-makers as well as a suitable resource for both undergraduate and post-graduate courses in planning and geography.

  • 13.
    Adem Esmail, Blal
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment. Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
    Geneletti, Davide
    Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
    Introduction2020In: Ecosystem Services for Urban Water Security: Concepts and Applications in Sub-Saharan Africa, Cham: Springer Nature , 2020Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This chapter sets the context of the book by providing a brief account of the challenges and opportunities of urbanization in Sub-Saharan Africa, with a focus on the urban water sector. Watershed investments are here emphasized as a promising opportunity to effect large-scale transformative change promoting human wellbeing while conserving life-supporting ecosystems. The chapter concludes by illustrating the three specific objectives of the book.

  • 14. Adem Esmail, Blal
    et al.
    Geneletti, Davide
    Knowledge transfer and capacity building: an example from the urban water sector2018In: JUNCO Journal of Universities and international development Cooperation, ISSN 2531-8772, Vol. 1, no 1Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Rural-to-urban migration and sustained natural population growth in Africa, if not properly addressed, may pose serious threat to ecosystems and human wellbeing, both locally and afar. Novel concepts and operative approaches are needed to better frame these challenges and support local decision-making processes, to promote sustainable development. Indeed, this is a key area in which the Academia can make a significant contribution, for example, exploring innovative concepts and developing related approaches to support decision-making processes at a local scale. This paper focuses on the urban water sector as an informative example, ultimately aiming to highlight key areas in which research can provide concrete and valuable assistance. More specifically, we introduce two innovative concepts, i.e. ecosystem services and boundary work; hence propose an operative approach to support the process of design and assessment of the impact of watershed investments. To illustrate real-life implementation of the approach in a data scarce context in sub-Saharan Africa, we consider as a case study soil erosion and water scarcity-related challenges affecting Asmara, a medium-sized city in Eritrea. Accordingly, we adopt urban water security and rural poverty alleviation as two illustrative objectives, within a ten-year planning horizon. The case study application resulted in spatially explicit outputs that inform decision-making processes. By timely addressing stakeholders' concerns of credibility, saliency, and legitimacy, the proposed approach is expected to facilitate negotiation of objectives, definition of scenarios, and assessment of alternative watershed investments. Above all, and beyond the urban water sector, the case study application helps highlighting key areas in which the academic work can make concrete contribution mainly in terms of knowledge transfer and capacity building.

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  • 15.
    Adem Esmail, Blal
    et al.
    Univ Trento, Dept Civil Environm & Mech Engn, Trento, Italy..
    Geneletti, Davide
    Multi-criteria decision analysis for nature conservation: A review of 20 years of applications2018In: Methods in Ecology and Evolution, E-ISSN 2041-210X, Vol. 9, p. 42-53Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    1. Multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) is a method to support decision-making, by exploring the balance between the pros and cons of different alternatives to ac- complish a specific goal. It assists in framing decision problems, illustrating the per- formance of alternatives across criteria, exploring trade-offs, formulating a decision and testing its robustness. This paper provides a structured review of empirical applications of MCDA to nature conservation published in the scientific literature over the last 20 years. The paper aims at taking stock of past experiences, and comparing them with best practices and common pitfalls identified in the literature, to provide recommendations for better MCDA application to conservation.

    2. The review follows the structure of a generalized MCDA process consisting of three key stages: (1) decision context and problem structuring, (2) analysis and (3) decision.

    3. The search identified 86 papers that describe MCDA applications to a range of top- ics, including conservation prioritization and planning; protected areas management and zoning; forest management and restoration; and mapping of biodiversity, naturalness and wilder. The results show that, concerning problem structuring, a small percentage of the reviewed MCDA engaged stakeholders other than the authors in identifying alternatives and formulating criteria (15% and 35% respectively). Concerning the analysis, criteria assessment was adequately justified by the authors (47%), at times also by involving other stakeholders (22%). Weighting was per- formed in almost all applications, whereas criteria aggregation was mostly based on the weighted linear combination (63%). Sensitivity analysis was largely overlooked (57%). Concerning decision, 45% of the articles provided only an overall ranking or suitability of alternatives, while 22% included additional rankings according to spe- cific criterion, and 8% further analyses and clustering of stakeholders’ preferences.

    4. The paper concludes by suggesting key elements of successful MCDA applications, including clear construction of the decision context; collaborative identification of alternatives and criteria that reflect the values at stake; adequate justification and communication of the methods for criteria assessment and weighting; reasoned choice of the criteria aggregation method, and comprehensive sensitivity analysis.

  • 16.
    Adem Esmail, Blal
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment.
    Suleiman, Lina
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Urban and Regional Studies.
    Analyzing Evidence of Sustainable Urban Water Management Systems: A Review through the Lenses of Sociotechnical Transitions2020In: Sustainability, E-ISSN 2071-1050, Vol. 12, no 11, p. 4481-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Sustainability concerns and multiple socio‐environmental pressures have necessitated a shift towards Sustainable Urban Water Management (SUWM) systems. Viewing SUWM systems as sociotechnical, this paper departs from eight factors previously identified by transition research: Pressures, Context, Purposes, Actors, Instruments, Processes, Outputs, and Outcomes as a methodological framework for a structured review of 100 articles. The study seeks to analyze empirical cases of planning and implementing SUWM systems worldwide. A wide range of public actors—driven by social and environmental factors rather than by economic pressures—have initiated SUWM projects so as to locally fulfill defined social and environmental purposes. We provide evidence on the emergence of new actors, such as experts, users, and private developers, as well as on the diverse and innovative technical and societal instruments used to promote and implement SUWM systems. We also explore their contexts and institutional capacity to deal with pressures and to mobilize significant financial and human resources, which is in itself vital for the transition to SUWM. Planned or implemented SUWM outputs are divided into green (wet ponds, raingardens, and green roofs) and gray (rain barrels and porous pavements) measures. The outcomes of SUWM projects— in terms of societal and technical learning, and their institutional uptakes—are often implicit or lacking, which seemingly reduces the rate of desirable change.

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  • 17.
    Adler, Rebecca
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Urban and Regional Studies.
    Wright, Camilla
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Urban and Regional Studies.
    Ökad demokratisering av planeringsprocessen: En analys kring segregation och ungdomars inflytande i stadsplanering2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Segregation has recently been a subject of matter in the political debate. The government has been working on a strategy to actively work against increased segregation, in hopes of reducing the gap and creating a safer Sweden. One particular aspect that the government is focusing on is to increase democratization in the planning process, where one approach to increase the public participation is through citizen consultation. The purpose of this study is to examine what part public participation plays in the planning process in order to increase the democratization of society, focusing on segregated areas. Further, since today's young adults are the inhabitants of the future, the report will also analyze this generation’s participation in urban planning processes. The study aims to answer the below two questions; What is the extent of public participation and public influence in segregated areas? What is the extent of young adults participation in the planning process today and how can the engagement be encouraged throughout the planning process? In order to answer the questions posed we have decided to carry out a literature study based on previous research about public participation and segregation, as well as a case study about the city planning project Järvalyftet. We have also chosen to hold interviews to collect empirical data, these with Moa Tunström, Nazem Tahvilzadeh and Sofia Wiberg. A significant conclusion which is drawn is the fact that the term segregation per definition is not a problem, but rather that the problem lies in the negative consequences that follow. The study implies that there is an existing public participation in segregated areas, but not in the same extent as in areas with a higher socioeconomic class. Another conclusion based on Järvalyftet, is that public participation doesn't necessarily lead to public influence. Misunderstanding can occur in the transition between public participation and public influence, since citizens and involved stakeholders have different ideas about public influence. An increased interest among young adults towards urban planning needs to be created to increase their influence. By opening more forums where they are encouraged to express their opinions on planning issues, both interest and commitment will increase.

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  • 18.
    Adolphson, Marcus
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Urban and Regional Studies.
    Urbanmorfologi, livsstilar och resebeteende2021Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    I syfte att minska utsläpp av växthusgaser och motverka klimatförändring har riksdagen antagit ett miljömål om att i transportarbetet öka andelen gång, cykel och kollektivtrafik, och minska andelen bilanvändande. Vilka faktorer som påverkar resebeteenden har dock delvis varit okända. I forskningsprojektet 'Urbanmorfologi, livsstilar och resebeteende' har individers resebeteende relaterats till urbanmorfologi, livsstilar, attityder och demografi. Resebeteende (längd, frekvens och färdmedel) avser resor till arbete, service och fritidsaktivitet. I studien ha en social-psykologisk modell används för att utveckla variabler beskrivande miljömässiga så som individuella aspekter. Studien baseras på en enkätundersökning och precisa rumsliga beskrivningar. Studieområdet är Stockholms län. Enkäten genomfördes våren 2019. Studien visar på att både urbanmorfologi och demografi, liksom livsstilar och attityder påverkar resebeteenden. Det är därför av avgörande betydelse att stads- och regionplaneringen har kunskap om dessa relationer för att kunna bidra till utvecklingen av ett hållbart samhälle

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  • 19.
    Adolphson, Marcus
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Urban and Regional Studies.
    Jonsson, Daniel
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, System Analysis and Economics.
    Westin, Jonas
    Regionala Systemanalyser2017Report (Other academic)
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  • 20.
    Adolphson, Marcus
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Urban and Regional Studies.
    Jonsson, R. Daniel
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Centres, Centre for Transport Studies, CTS.
    Regionalt planeringsarbete: Komplex kunskap i demokratiska planprocesser: Antologi2021Other (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Innehållsförteckning

    Inledning

    Utgångspunkter för stads- och regionplanering

    Introduktion

    Hall P. (2002). Urban and Regional Planning, pp. 1-9. London: RoutledgeCampell S., Fainstein S. S., (2012). Introduction In Readings in planning theory, pp. 1-16. Blackwell,Cambridge, Mass.

    Taylor N. (1998). Urban planning theory since 1945. London: SAGE. (19 sid)Allmendinger P. (2017). Planning theory, pp. 5-6, 16, 35-50. Basingstoke: Palgrave

    Sayer A. (2010). Methods in social science. A realist approach. pp. 16-19, 44-49. London: Routledge.

    Yiftachel O. (1989). Towards a new type of urban planning theories. Environment and planning B: Planning and design, 16, 23-39

    Thrift N. J. (1983). On the determination of social action in space and time. Environment and planningD, 1, 23-57.

    Utmaning 1: Vilken kunskap är relevant i en planeringsprocess?

    Introduktion

    Rydin Y. (2007). Re-Examining the role of knowledge within planning theory. Planning theory , 6 (1),52-68.

    Easton D. (1965). A framework for political analysis. Englewood Cliffs, NJ. USA: Prentice-Hall, Inc.)

    Parsons T. (1968) “Social Systems”. International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences (pp 458-473).New York: Macmillan.)

    Utmaning 2: Hur kan komplex kunskap integreras i en planeringsorganisation och bidra tillinstitutionell kapacitet?

    Introduktion

    Healey P. (1998). Building institutional capacity through collaborative approaches to urban planning.Environment and planning A. 30, 1531-1646

    Feitelson, E. I. (2011). Issue Generating Assessment: Bridging the gap between evaluation theory andpractice? Planning Theory and Practice, 12(4), 549-568.

    Adolphson M. and Jonsson D. (2020). Uncover the theory practice gap in Swedish transportplanning: an interdisciplinary approach. European Planning Studies. 28(11), 2237-2260.)

    Utmaning 3: Hur kan (politiska) värderingar integreras i en planeringsprocess

    Introduktion

    Habermas J. (2007[1996]). Civil society and political public spheres. In C Calhoun, J Gerties, J Moody,S Pfaff and I Virk (Eds.) Contemporary sociological theory (pp 388-407). Malden MA, BlackwellPublishing.

    Ahlenius I-B. (2012). Staten är inte ett företag. Stockholm: Dagens nyheter (20120817)

    Kiernan M J (1983) Ideology, politics, and planning: reflections on the theory and practice of urbanplanning. Environment and planning B: Planning and design, 10, pp 71-87

    Davidoff P: (1965). Advocacy and pluralism in planning. In Campell S., Fainstein S. S. (Eds.). (2003).Readings in planning theory, pp. 277-296. Blackwell, Cambridge, Mass.

    Utmaning 4: Hur kan komplex expertkunskap integreras i demokratisk/kommunikativplanering?

    Introduktion

    Lindblom C. E. (1959[1996]). The science of ”Muddling through”. In Campell S., Fainstein S. S., (Eds.)(1996). Readings in planning theory. pp. 79-88. Cambridge, Mass.: Blackwell.

    Hertting N och Hellquist A. (uå). Om svenska demokratiutvecklares ideer och konsten att institutionalisera medborgardialog i lokal politik. IBF, Uppsala Universitet

  • 21.
    Agebro, Markus
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering.
    Driver Preferences of Steering Characteristics2007Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other scientific)
    Abstract [en]

    The future of vehicle steering systems lies within by-wire technology. With by-wire technology mechanical or hydraulic systems are replaced by electronic systems. Removal of the steering column and possibly other linkage and gears yields vast potential of further improvement of performance, comfort and safety. Steer-by-wire technology also enables the manufacturer to tailor the steering feel to better suit the individual drivers’ need and preference. Since a driver gains critical information about the vehicle from feedback through the steering wheel, steering feel will play a very important part in consumer acceptance of steer-by-wire systems. It will also be possible to customize steering characteristics to the individual driver.

    This thesis presents a methodology for investigating steering characteristics through analysis of simulator experiments and to find the impact of specific steering characteristics on drivers of varying skill. There are many key aspects to consider when designing simulator experiments. A validated vehicle model is required. Evaluation criteria need to be well defined as well as concise and simple. The utilized scenario has to be able to capture the selected evaluation criteria. Recruitment of test subjects should represent the target population. How to utilize the available time in the simulator most effectively and how to analyze the results are also important. In this work three studies are performed. Paper A investigates how steering gear ratio and steering wheel effort of a passenger car affect preferences of high and low mileage drivers. Paper B is an extended study of Paper A, where the resolution is higher, speed dependence is investigated and performance of the drivers is also evaluated. In Paper C the impact of four important steering system characteristics on driver performance and preference is evaluated.

    The major conclusions drawn from this work are that variation of steering gear ratio has considerable impact on perceived steering feel and manoeuvrability as well as on driver performance. Variation in steering wheel effort affect perceived steering feel and stability, but no significant influence is detected in perceived manoeuvrability or driver performance. There are distinguishable differences in preferences of the investigated evaluation criteria between driver categories of varying skill. However, general trends of the preferences for the categories are fairly similar. Low skilled drivers prefer lower effort and higher ratio than high skilled drivers, especially at the highest investigated speed, 100 km/h.

    The developed methodology for performing simulator experiments to evaluate steering characteristics has proven satisfactory through findings of three different studies. This work also shows that there are several important steering characteristics that need to be considered when designing steering systems, particularly steering systems with by-wire applications and especially considering drivers of varying skill.

  • 22.
    Agebro, Markus
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering.
    Four Steering Properties' Influence on Drivers' Performance and PreferencesArticle in journal (Other academic)
  • 23.
    Agebro, Markus
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering.
    Impact of Varying Steering Ratio and Effort on Driver Preferences and Performance with Focus on Driving Skill.Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 24.
    Agebro, Markus
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering.
    Nilsson, Andreas
    Stensson Trigell, Annika
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, Vehicle Dynamics.
    Driver preferences of steering gear ratio and steering wheel effort: A driving simulator study2006In: Proceedings of the FISITA World Automotive Congress, Yokohama, Japan 2006., 2006Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    When driving an automobile, the driver has to correct the course as a result of road curvature and external disturbances. In order to make the vehicle both controllable and comfortable to drive, it is important that the steering system is designed with different drivers in mind. In this work, driver preferences of steering system characteristics is investigated by comparing standard steering wheel settings with unconventional steering gear ratio and steering wheel effort. The investigation is made using 18 test subjects in a moving base driving simulator. The evaluation includes two scenarios. In the first scenario the driver is overtaking a bus at 110 km/h when meeting traffic in the opposite lane. In the second scenario the driver is doing a manoeuvre by following a cone track at 55 km/h. To investigate if there are differences in preference of drivers with varying experience of driving, the drivers are chosen to either be low or high mileage drivers. People that drive less than 5,000 km/year are considered to be low mileage drivers, and people that drive more than 25,000 km/year are considered to be high mileage drivers.

    The results show that original settings of a typical passenger car, which served as reference, prove to display favourable characteristics compared to the unconventional settings investigated. However, there might be settings within the investigated intervals that can be considered superior. A distinct trend in the results is that increasing effort will lead to increased perceived stability, independent of ratio. High mileage drivers find the setting with low ratio and reference effort to possess better qualities than the reference when evaluating the attributes steering wheel force and response and only slightly less favourable properties than the reference when evaluating the attribute stability. High mileage drivers display a more distinct opinion and a higher sensitivity when evaluating the attributes. Despite the differing setup of the scenarios, many similarities can be observed when studying the results. Even though there are similarities in the results both between the scenarios and the categories of drivers, a study of the individual test subjects´ preferences reveal that several drivers prefer other settings than the reference for the investigated scenarios. Therefore, it is clear that the driver-vehicle system would benefit from tailoring the steering characteristics to the situation and driver.

  • 25.
    Ageng, Pandu SW
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Industrial Ecology.
    Jeneberang River Basin Management Capacity: Establishing of a Public Corporate in South Sulawesi Province in INDONESIA2005Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    A multi purpose dam called Bili bili have been built in Jeneberang river basin in easternIndonesia in 1999 and providing water available to all customers. In 2004 a landslide occurredand impact to the quality of raw water, especially the amount of turbidity, dramaticallyincreased. Landslide problems started with high sedimentation rates to water infrastructures.Technically the lifetime of Bili bili multi purpose dam and reservoirs will be shorter thanplanned. In contrast, we understand and agreed that sustainable development and ensuring thecurrent use of a water resource as well as a dam should compromise its use by future generation.To reach progress in sustainability we need to establish governance structures and practices thatcan foster, guide and coordinated positive work by a host of actors on a complex of issues.Today, Indonesian Central Government is planning to establish a public corporate participationto comprehensive water resources management in eastern Indonesia. The important significant ofstakeholders in order to develop comprehensive approaches, are water agencies: regional andlocal water institution that will manage catchments areas, water infrastructures and water utilitiesas provider of drinking water to municipalities. They will be acquainted to the water and waterinstitutional capacity problems.

    This research examines both the current impacts on and potential future for water management ineastern Indonesia. One of the objectives of this research will be to described the current of waterresource organization, which is related to establishing of a public corporate, not onlystakeholders involvement; management and organization; but also finances and investments;operation; distribution; regulation and policy. One objective of this research will be measured byconducting interactive interviews and dialogue with the representatives of the stakeholders. Thelast objective is evaluating the Human Resources Development performances of water resourcesmanagement by a series of workshops. Additionally, some recommendations for a future watersupply system will be provided as an input for the government and local authority in order toimprove the capacity and water resources management in eastern Indonesia.

    The results conclude that to meet the Millennium Development Goals, the establishment of apublic corporate for supporting Indonesia’s process of decentralization is necessary where thelocal level include customers can be a much more dynamic interaction between providers ofservices and water users. A participatory method is useful to raise problems, so while the CentralGovernment can mandate a minimum service standard and the achievements of these standardscan be monitored directly at the local level.

    Accountability of water resources development should be considered as a vehicle when aproblem occurs with insufficiency of the existing water facilities and a big demand of waterpurposes.

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  • 26.
    Aguiar Borges, Luciane
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Urban and Regional Studies.
    Education and Health in ICT-futures: Scenarios and sustainability impacts of ICT societies2015In: PROCEEDINGS OF ENVIROINFO AND ICT FOR SUSTAINABILITY 2015, Atlantis Press , 2015, p. 213-220Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study explores the performance of the education and health sectors in relation to five ICT futures for Sweden in 2060. The accessibility, affordability, quality and efficiency of these sectors influence the creation and maintenance of essential collective values such as democracy and justice; consequently both education and health are fundamental to a sustainable society. Exploring the performance of these sectors in different futures enables the identification of barriers and undesirable developments, and encourages a debate on how ICT can be used to reinforce inclusive, and counteract unwanted, futures.

  • 27.
    Aguiar Borges, Luciane
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Urban and Regional Studies.
    Stories of Pasts and Futures in Planning2016Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Societies are constantly changing, facing new challenges and possibilities generated by innovative technologies, sociospatial re-structuring and mobilities. This research approaches these challenges by exploring the role that stories about pasts, presents and futures play in planning. It sees stories as interlinked spaces of struggle over meanings, legitimacies and powers through which “our” valuable pasts and “our” desirable futures become re-constructed, framed and projected. It argues that powerful stories might consciously or unconsciously become institutionalised in policy discourses and documents, foregrounding our spatial realities and affecting our living spaces. These arguments and assumptions are investigated in relation to three cases: Regional-Pasts, SeGI-Futures and ICT-Futures. The stories about pasts, presents and futures surrounding these cases are investigated with the aim of initiating critical discussions on how stories about pasts and futures can inform, but also be sustained by, planning processes. While studies of these cases are presented in separate papers, these studies are brought together in an introductory essay and reconstructed in response to the research questions: How do regional futures become informed by the pasts? How do particular stories about the pasts become selected, framed and projected as envisioned futures? What messages are conveyed to the pasts and the presents through envisioned futures? How can stories of the past be referred and re-employed in planning to build more inclusive futures? To engage with the multidisciplinarity of these questions, they are investigated through dialogues between three main fields: heritage studies, futures studies and planning. The discussions have challenged the conventional divides between pasts, presents and futures, emphasised their plural nature and uncovered how the discursive power of stories play a significant role when interpreting pasts and envision futures in planning practices.

    Download full text (pdf)
    Borges, L. A. 2016_ Stories of Pasts and Futures in Planning
  • 28.
    Aguiar Borges, Luciane
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Urban and Regional Studies.
    Using the Past to Construct Territorial Identities in Regional Planning: the Case of Mälardalen, SwedenManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This study examines how the past is used in the construction of regional identity narratives in policy discourses and documents. Despite assumptions that regional identity is based on shared culture, some authors argue that new forms of regional identity have emerged as the consequence of regions’ involvement in wider networks. Identity has been pursued as an asset to regional attractiveness and economic growth and, as such, is shaped by regional development strategies concerning particular social groups. Socially shared representations of the past through history, cultural heritage and collective memory play an important role in this process since the past is a powerful resource that may be used to construct images of places, legitimizing claims on territories. Document analysis and interviews with planners are used to analyse strategies for regional development in five counties located in the Mälardalen Region, Sweden. This study shows that regional strategies are guided by identity narratives framing regions from an exclusive outside perspective, leaving internal qualities unnoticed. The past is used to structure these narratives and construct identities that serve economic growth rather than the integration of the plural heritages of the region.

  • 29. Ahlberg, Beth Maina
    et al.
    Maina, Faith
    Kubai, Anne
    Khamasi, Wanjiku
    Ekman, Marianne
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Industrial Economics and Management (Dept.), Organization and management.
    Lundqvist-Persson, Cristina
    "A child, a tree": Challenges in building collaborative relations in a community research project in a Kenyan context2016In: Action Research, ISSN 1476-7503, E-ISSN 1741-2617, Vol. 14, no 3, p. 257-275Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper highlights the potential for basing participatory action research on priorities identified by communities. The case builds on a research project by the Social Science Medicine Africa Network (Soma-net) focusing on AIDS prevention among school youth in Kajiado in Kenya during 2003-2006. It became clear from that study just how complex it is to promote open communication on issues of sexuality considered critical for sexual health promotion. Towards the end of that study a spin-off in the form of a concept a child, a tree or tree planting evolved and the research thereafter continued as a partnership between the school community and the researchers. The focus then was on understanding how health promotion could be integrated into other aspects of community life. The concept and tree planting when implemented created a sense of ownership among the pupils largely because they were placed at the centre of the development activities. The story illuminates the nature of change developing in the course of the project, but also the challenges and complexity of creating and maintaining collaborative relations in the face of cultural and gender power dynamics and interventions imposed from outside the community.

  • 30.
    Ahlroth, Sofia
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Environmental Strategies.
    Developing a weighting set based on monetary damage estimates: Method and case studies2009Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    In environmental systems analysis tools such as cost-benefit analysis (CBA) and life-cycle assessments (LCA), generic values for impacts on the environment and human health are frequently used. There are several sets of generic values, which are based on different valuation methods, e.g. willingness-to-pay, abatement costs, taxes or non-monetary assessments. This study attempts to derive a consistent set of damage-based values based on estimation of willingness to pay (WTP) to avoid damages. Where possible we compile existing damage cost estimates from different sources. Currently, there are no generic damage costs available for eutrophication and acidification. We derive damage values for eutrophying and acidifying substances using WTP estimates from available valuation studies. For eutrophication, we derive benefit transfer functions for eutrophication that allows calculation of site-specific values. We compare the derived ecosystem damage values to existing estimates of the cost for reducing nitrogen and phosphorus emissions to water. The analysis indicates that many abatement measures for nitrogen have a positive net benefit while most measures to reduce phosphorus cost more than the benefit achieved when estimated on a general level and should, instead, be assessed on a case-specific level. Moreover, a comparison of the existing environmental taxes on nitrogen, nitrogen oxides and phosphorus in Sweden show that the current tax rates do not reflect the externalities from these pollutants. Subsequently, we construct a weighting set by combining the derived values with existing generic damage values for human toxicity, photochemical oxidants and global warming. The weighting set - labelled Ecovalue09 - is applied to three case studies and the outcome is compared to the results using other weighting sets.

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  • 31.
    Ahmad Termida, Nursitihazlin
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Transport Science, System Analysis and Economics. Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Infrastructure and Geomatic Engineering.
    Understanding Individuals' Learning and Decision Processes in a Changing Environment by Using Panel Data2017Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    When a new transport service is introduced, people have to learn and familiarize themselves with the new service before they decide to adopt it. These processes are developed over time, thus produce dynamics in individuals’ behavioural responses towards the service. This affects the demand of the new service, thus affect revenues. Available studies have examined the factors influencing these responses from microeconomic perspectives. The influence of the theory-based subjective factors has not been examined empirically. Understanding these would assist transport and urban planners to design a better marketing strategy to increase the market share of the new service. A change in seasons affect individuals’ activity-travel decisions, thus produce dynamics in activitytravel patterns in different seasons. Individuals’ constraints, in a form of mandatory activities (working/studying), are influencing individuals’ decisions to participate in day-to-day nonmandatory activities (leisure and routine activities). The interdependency between travel demand, time allocation and mode choice that considers interactions between mandatory and non-mandatory activities, in different seasons is less explored. Understanding these would assist transport planners and operators to manage travel demand strategies across different seasons of the year and provide better transportation systems for all individuals. This thesis includes five papers. Paper I explores individuals’ characteristics of the quick-response and the adopters of the new public transport (PT) service and examines the temporal effects. Paper II investigates the subjective factors influencing a quick-response to the new PT service by proposing a modified attitude-behaviour framework. Paper III and IV analyse the effects of seasonal variations and individuals’ constraints on their day-to-day activity-travel decisions and patterns. Paper V analyses the attrition and fatigue in the two-week travel diary panel survey instrument.

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    Nursitihazlin's Kappa
  • 32.
    Ahmad Termida, Nursitihazlin
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Transport Science, System Analysis and Economics. Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Infrastructure and Geomatic Engineering.
    Susilo, Yusak
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Transport Science, System Analysis and Economics.
    Franklin, Joel
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Transport Science, System Analysis and Economics.
    Attrition and Fatigue in a Four Waves of Two-Week Travel Diary: A Case Study in Stockholm, SwedenManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper describes a four-wave panel survey design and implementation collected on individual level, consisting of three survey’s instrument namely, self-reported two-week travel diary, on-line psychological questionnaire, and self-reported mental map-related questions. The panel survey is built with the aim to examine individuals’ behavioural changes when a new tram extension line in western sub-urban areas of Stockholm, Sweden, was introduced in October 2013. The survey duration took approximately seven months’ period and the data collected covers all four different seasons of the year, which make it wealth of information. The analysis of attrition and fatigue was done on the two-week travel diary survey instrument only. It is found that the overall attrition rate is 34.3% of the total participants (102 individuals) in the Wave 1 survey, which is considered large. The attrition rate between consecutive waves, however, is considered low which is within the range of 7% to 10%. Based on the binary logit models, there are no systematic tendencies of the dropouts’ characteristics from wave to wave to be found, indicating attrition is purely random. There is no correlation between immobile days and missing trips per day are to be found between-waves. The results of the binary logit model on missing trip show that personal attributes, temporal factors (e.g. weekdays and waves) and travel characteristics (e.g. home-based trip, trip purpose, travel distance and number of inter-modal transfers) significantly affect the missing trip but no indication of fatigue appears.

  • 33.
    Ahmad Termida, Nursitihazlin
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Transport Science, System Analysis and Economics. Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Infrastructure and Geomatic Engineering.
    Susilo, Yusak
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Transport Science, System Analysis and Economics.
    Franklin, Joel
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Transport Science, System Analysis and Economics.
    Subjective Factors Influencing Individual's Response to a New Public Transport ServiceManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The timing and nature of people’s responses can be expected to vary when a new element enter their environment. For example, when an individual is provided with a new or modified transport service. This time-scale of behavioural responses will affect the patronage of, and short- and long-term demands on the new service over time. Understanding the underlying factors that influence an individual’s response over time to a new or modified transport service would enable us to identify trigger factors that make the new service attractive from an individual’s point of view. Chatterjee (2001) and Douglas (2003) argued that motives other than instrumental factors related to public transport use, such as attitudes, awareness, travel habits and learning processes, can influence individual responses over time to changes in the travel environment. Unfortunately, despite their importance, there have been few studies that examined this argument empirically. To address this research gap, this paper aims to investigate the influences of subjective factors on individuals’ responses to the introduction of a modified public transport (PT) service over time by proposing and testing an alternative model that modifies the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) model framework. This paper also aims to investigate the behavioural change in terms of attitudes and perceptions on individuals’ resources and constraints in using a modified PT service over time after its introduction. The case study involves the new extension of a tram line connecting the suburbs of Alvik and Solna Centrum in Stockholm, Sweden. Four waves of a panel survey were conducted with 96 individuals who lived along the new service, from just before the new service was introduced and until seven months after its introduction. A structural equation modelling technique was used to estimate the relationships between behavioural constructs and panel data, then incorporate them into a discrete choice model. The results show that intention influences individual’s quick-response choice. The panel analysis shows that past behaviour in using the new service influenced current behaviour, and that perceived walking distance in using the service consistently influenced the frequency of using the new service over time.

  • 34.
    Ahmad Termida, Nursitihazlin
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Transport Science, System Analysis and Economics. Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Infrastructure and Geomatic Engineering.
    Susilo, Yusak
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Transport Science, System Analysis and Economics.
    Franklin, Joel
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Transport Science, System Analysis and Economics.
    Liu, Chengxi
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Transport Science, System Analysis and Economics. VTI.
    Understanding Seasonal Variation in Individual's Activity Participation and Trip Generation by Using Four Consecutive Two-Week Travel DiaryManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper explores the interactions between travel demand, time allocation and mode choice in different seasons by jointly modeling the work and/or study, routine and leisure activity-travel engagements of 67 individuals in Stockholm, Sweden. A longitudinal panel two-week travel diary data collected in four consecutive waves over a span of seven months period that covers all four different seasons; autumn, winter, spring and summer, were analysed by using simultaneous Tobit models. The model was applied to explore the interactions among each activity-travel indicator, and individuals’ unique characteristics and endogeneity in activity-travel engagements between different seasons were also considered in the model system. The results of models reveal clear trade-offs between mandatory activities (work and/or study) and non-mandatory activities (routine and leisure), regardless of any seasons, although the magnitudes vary between seasons. There is also a positive mutual endogeneity relationship between number of trips and activity duration within the same activity type. The trade-offs between work and/or study trips towards routine and leisure trips are larger in winter and spring respectively, than in other seasons. It is also found that mode effects on travel time for conducting mandatory activity are much larger in spring than in other seasons. However, the effects of public transport and slow modes on travel time for leisure activities are much larger in summer than in other seasons.

  • 35.
    Ahmad, Toqeer
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Industrial Ecology.
    Environmental Management in a Pakistani Textile Company with Focus on Trade2000Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The discussion on the relationship between trade and environment has always been aheated one particularly in the context of varying economic and environmental conditionsbetween developed and developing countries. The economies of developing countriesdepend on their export to the Western countries and they are sensitive about anydevelopment, which is likely to affect their export capacity.A study has been conducted to assess the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threatsof a textile company in Pakistan exporting textile products to E.U countries with specificfocus on the issue of current and emerging environmental trade barriers.The study is divided into four major sections. Chapter 1 opens the debate on the issue oftrade and environment, recent developments and perspectives of major actors involvedi.e. business, environmentalists and the third world countries. Chapter 2 defines thepremises, aim, objectives and methodology. Chapter 3 outlines the detailed companyprofile. Chapter 4 deals with identification of current and emerging environmental tradebarriers that the company is facing or will face in the future. They are five namely, theNational Environmental Laws of the country, International Environmental Standards,Eco-Labeling Schemes, Intellectual Property Rights and Environmental Tariff. Chapter 5discusses the availability of resources in the company in term of information, humancapital and technology. Chapter 6 analyses the relationship between the company and itsinternational buyers in term of demand from the Western world and the supply from thethird world.This study is an example of how a Pakistani company is underpinned with the lack offinancial, technical and human resources. It also presents a case that demandingenvironmental obligations from this company for trade purposes, may create adversetrade barriers. There might be some standards, which this company may not be able tomeet in a given situation, but it does not rule out the possible improvements in theenvironmental management that can be worked upon within the given financial, technicaland human resources of the company.The study shows that the textile products in Pakistan are not cheap but have deliberatelybeen made cheaper by the policy makers at the expense of people’s health and thephysical environment. The installation and operation of primary and secondary treatmentplant, which is considered the most costly option to improve environmental condition ofthe factory, increases the cost merely up to approximately USD 0.01per square meter ofprocessing fabric. Similarly, the presence of other measures such as emission controldevices, use of environment-friendly chemicals, the recycling of waste water, exercisingfresh water consumption etc as discussed in this study would have minimal effect on theprice of the product. Considering the affluence of the European society, even the increasein product price cannot be regarded too much when converted into European currencies.This company fears that due consideration of the environmental issues will affect theprice of products which is true to some extent. But this fear is often exaggerated. The lackof environmental provisions in the company is a result of the poor environmentalbehaviour, which is due to the absence of effective communication and co-ordinationbetween the parties concerned. If this study is projected on a major scale, covering anumber of textile companies in the third world, there is a possibility of similar nature of4findings and results. If trade is part of the problem causing environmental damages, it canalso be used as a part of the solution.

  • 36. Ahtiainen, Heini
    et al.
    Artell, Janne
    Czajkowski, Mikolaj
    Hasler, Berit
    Hasselström, Linus
    Enveco Environmental Economics Consultancy, Ltd., Sweden.
    Hyytiäinen, Kari
    Meyerhoff, Jürgen
    Smart, James C.R.
    Söderqvist, Tore
    Zimmer, Katrin
    Khaleeva, Julia
    Rastrigina, Olga
    Tuhkanen, Heidi
    Public preferences regarding use and condition of the Baltic Sea: An international comparison informing marine policy2013In: Marine Policy, ISSN 0308-597X, E-ISSN 1872-9460, no 42, p. 20-30Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 37.
    Al Dewany, Nora
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Urban and Regional Studies.
    Medborgardialogens makt och vanmakt: Fallstudie av Rosens röda matta sex år efter invigning2019Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Trots att levnadsförhållandena generellt sett ökar i hela världen växer skillnaderna i Sverige snabbare än i något annat OECD land. Världshälsoorganisationen WHO skriver i sin rapport Closing the gap in one generation att detta inte minst yttrar sig i ojämlikheten i hälsa. Hållbarhetsaspekterna har därför sedan länge kommit att inkludera sociala, ekonomiska och ekologiska värden, där alla tre är förutsättningar för varandra. WHO menar att ett relevant mått på social hållbarhet är ojämlikheten i hälsa. För att minska denna krävs därför förändringar inom samhällets alla sektorer. Inom stadsplanering är arbetet med medborgardeltagande ett verktyg för att öka den sociala hållbarheten. Detta har Malmö stad arbetat med i projektet Fokus Rosengård och i synnerhet dess delprojekt Rosens röda matta som är en aktivitetsyta i Rosengård. Denna yta har utformats av 13 unga kvinnor i samarbete med landskapsarkitekten på gatukontoret. Anledningen till att endast unga kvinnor involverades var för att projektledarna tidigt lärde sig att spontanidrottsplatserna i Sverige till 80% domineras av killar. Dialogerna som hållits har inkluderat olika nivåer av delaktighet och makt. De allra första dialogerna och workshops som involverade många invånare fungerade konsulterande. När platsen designades var det dock högre nivåer av makt som identifierades hos de 13 unga kvinnorna eftersom de hade stort inflytande över den fysiska utformningen. Från intervjuer av de olika projektledarna för Fokus Rosengård framgår en nöjdhet över resultatet eftersom syftet att öka attraktiviteten uppnåtts då det genererat ökade investeringar i området. Den största framgångsfaktorn som lyfts i samtliga intervjuer är dock de 13 unga kvinnorna vars engagemang för påverkan fortsatt även efter projektets slut. Endast en av de intervjuade vet hur platsen används idag och i hur stor utsträckning, men nöjdheten över projektet och stoltheten över de unga kvinnorna är stor ändå. Av intervjuer med huvudansvariga för Fokus Rosengård och slutrapporter där projektet utvärderats framgår att medborgardeltagande varit en viktig del för det sociala hållbarhetsarbetet, framförallt för hur det utvecklat de delaktiga unga kvinnorna. Därför diskuteras det i slutet på uppsatsen om inte dialoger hållits för dialogens skull och huruvida problematiskt eller inte det är med medborgardeltagande oavsett vilken nivå av makt och inflytande som ges. Det har inte varit möjligt att dra större slutsatser om den sociala hållbarheten ökat eller minskat av projektet Rosens röda matta. Däremot görs det tydligt av insamlat material att projektet varit en del av större förändringsarbeten i Rosengård som syftar till att förtäta och bygga om. En fråga kan vara om medborgardialoger hållits för att ge stort inflytande i mindre viktiga frågor och därmed hålla invånarna nöjda inför framtida större förändringar, där en av konsekvenserna kan vara gentrifiering av Rosengård

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  • 38.
    Al Ghafri, Aziza
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Industrial Economics and Management (Dept.), Accounting, finance, economics and organization (AFEO).
    "I Wanna Be Free": On the Challenges and Coping Strategies of Women Entrepreneurs in Sweden2024Doctoral thesis, monograph (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Women's entrepreneurship is often presented as important for creating economic prosperity at the national level and is said to offer freedom, independence, and emancipation for women. The purpose of this study is to explore the conditions of women entrepreneurs who have different backgrounds in Sweden. To achieve this purpose, this study focuses on the challenges women entrepreneurs perceive and the coping strategies they employ to navigate these challenges. The study adopts an intersectional gender perspective, grounded in research on entrepreneurship, gender, and ethnicity. It draws on qualitative data collected through semi-structured interviews with women entrepreneurs in Sweden who have different backgrounds. The findings show that the challenges experienced by the women entrepreneurs included lack of support, being belittled, being excluded, having to work harder and be strong and having to adapt. The analysis discusses that these challenges can be understood as a result of gendered perceptions of entrepreneurship and processes of Othering. Ethnicity and race also play a role in shaping these conditions. The interviewed women deal with the conditions through four strategies: the assimilation strategy; the positive strategy, the ambiguity strategy, and the change strategy. The coping strategies are discussed in relation to empowerment and emancipation. From a theoretical perspective, this study contributes to developing concepts and conceptual relationships to capture how gender, ethnicity, and race impact women's conditions as entrepreneurs. 

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  • 39.
    Albrecht, Martin
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Environmental Strategies Research (fms).
    Enabling socio-technical transitions – electric vehicles and high voltage electricity grids as focal points of low emission futures2017Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Today humankind is facing numerous sustainability challenges that require us to question CO2 intensive practices like those present in the transport and energy sector. To meet those challenges, many countries have adopted ambitious climate targets. Achieving such targets requires an understanding of the wider socio-technical context of transitions. The aim of this licentiate thesis is therefore to analyse such socio-technical transitions towards low-emission futures enabled by the electrification of passenger cars and high voltage grid development.

    A combination of different transitions theories (for ex. Multi-level perspective and Technological innovation systems) and institutional theory has been used. To reach the aim paper I analyses the climate impacts of electric vehicles (EVs) and policy measures to achieve a breakthrough scenario for EVs. The results show that a mixture of short and long term policies are needed that take into account the technology development stage and behavioural aspects of EV adopters. Paper II addresses the need to include the high voltage transmission grid and its planning procedures as a central part of debates on transitions. Therefore the opportunities, challenges and reasons for conflict in the established regime are studied. The results show that in order to achieve a sustainable grid development regime, it is necessary to spend time on achieving legitimacy and social sustainability. The third paper uses semi-structured expert interviews and focuses on innovation dynamics for EV adoption. By focusing on dynamics instead of single policy measures, it is possible to grasp interactions within a niche, but also in between a niche, regime and landscape. The results show that strong initial technology legitimacy was needed to start substantial innovation dynamics. This could be further strengthened with a strong and broad coalition of actors. Both those factors led, if present, to an improved variety and match of policy instruments.

    As such this thesis has shown that transitions are not just about technology or policy instruments as such but about the dynamics and processes needed to enable them. This can be relevant in other transitions that otherwise may underestimate the importance of these components.

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  • 40.
    Albrecht, Martin
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Environmental Strategies Research (fms).
    Nordic power road map 2050: Strategic choices towards carbon neutrality. D4.1.R Institutional grid review.2013Report (Other academic)
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  • 41.
    Albrecht, Martin
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Environmental Strategies Research (fms).
    System innovation dynamics around electric vehicles. The cases of Norway, Denmark and Sweden.Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper focuses on the comparison of electric car innovation patterns in Norway, Sweden and Denmark. Doing so, it takes a closer look at what the most essential dynamics in the systems were over time and what enabled those dynamics. The main research aim is to contribute to a wider understanding of why Norway is so much ahead of Sweden and Denmark in electric car adoption. The purpose is also to adopt a perspective that goes beyond a mere focus on economic policy instruments. In order to do so different theory elements are combined in a framework. These elements stem from the transition theory literature field, especially the technological innovation system (TIS) and the multi-level perspective (MLP). This combination allows analysing the development behind a dynamic, not just when it comes to an innovation itself but also with regards to the established regime. The data is gathered through analysis of existing documents and data as well as a series of 27 expert interviews conducted in the three case countries. The findings suggest that there are important differences in transition patterns that can account for the electric vehicle (EV) diffusion situation we can find nowadays in the three Nordic countries. An important stepping stone was the need for a very strong legitimacy of the original EV vision that is also anchored in a coordinated, sector overarching coalition of actors that thinks strategically and long term. Moreover some general beneficial dynamics could be identified across the countries in question. In Norway these beneficial dynamics can be summarised as a systems motor, in Denmark as a failed entrepreneurial motor that shifted towards a constrained municipal motor and in Sweden as a loosely, coordinated and weaker version of a systems motor.

  • 42.
    Albrecht, Martin
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Environmental Strategies Research (fms).
    Nilsson, Måns
    Åkerman, Jonas
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Environmental Strategies Research (fms).
    Nordic power road map 2050:Strategic choices towards carbon neutrality. D4.2.R Policy and Institutional Review Electric Vehicles (EV).2012Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This report examines policy drivers of electric vehicles (EVs), and what potential role policy can play in enhancing the innovation and market development of EVs. We start with a policy review of key targets in the Nordic countries and the EU, up to 2030, and discuss to what extent they are consistent with industry, government and expert estimates of how the EV innovation systems can grow. On the basis of this, the second part examines what policy drivers might be needed to enable a breakthrough scenario, using a technological innovation systems (TIS) perspective to describe the needed processes, drivers and developments in policy and technology.

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  • 43.
    Alexandersson, Gabriella
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Industrial Ecology.
    Treatment of Waste Water from Coke Production Feasibility Study of Huaxi Jiohua Ltd, Wuhai,2007Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    China is the most populous country in the world and has an increasing economy. A growingeconomy enhances the electricity requirement, product demands and so on, which affects both the surrounding environment but also the global environment.Wuhai is an industrial city and the most polluted city in Inner Mongolia, China. Numerous amounts of the industries are lacking in the emission treatment and the PM10 is more then 10 times the allowed amount of European Union.This master thesis is a part of a bigger project, a corporation between IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute Ltd and Environmental Protection Bureau in Wuhai.The Coke Company Huaxi Jiohua Ltd. was founded 1992, and has a producing capability of300.000 tons coke per year. The treatment station is a model of an ASP, without a sludge recycling and a sludge thickener instead of sedimentation basin. The treatment efficiency is failing in phenol removal.The aim of this thesis is to perform a feasible study of the wastewater treatment methods foran improvement of the separation of pollutions in coke wastewater and to give a proposal forimprovement of energy efficiency from wastewater treatment.Treatment efficiency of methods such as A2/O, A/O, SBR, and ASP was taken inconsideration.Due to the lack of basic treatment, a first suggestion is to optimize the biological parameters,and introduce sludge recycling to the system together with either a following sedimentationpool or a MBBR as a pre-treatment step.To gain energy from the wastewater treatment station, a replacing of the current aerator system in the aeration unit to fine bubble diffusers and introduce a heat exchanger in the cooling of gas step could be done.

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  • 44. Alhassan, I. B.
    et al.
    Matthews, B.
    Toner, J. P.
    Susilo, Yusak
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Centres, Integrated Transport Research Lab, ITRL. Institute for Transport Studies, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Austria.
    The Movingo integrated ticket: seamless connections across the mälardalen region of Sweden2020In: Transportation planning and technology (Print), ISSN 0308-1060, E-ISSN 1029-0354, Vol. 43, no 4, p. 404-423Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The need for improved public transport (PT) ticketing in ever-growing deregulated PT markets has made well-designed integrated ticketing systems a priority area of intervention for PT service providers around the world. Yet, very little practical evidence of its impacts are reported in Sweden and in the world at large. The focus of this study was the impacts of the Movingo integrated ticketing scheme in terms of PT patronage, user satisfaction and the perceived quality of the ticketing set-up. Three travel surveys were conducted along the Stockholm-Uppsala route. Methods including logistic regression and correlated t-tests were used to analyse the samples. The findings suggest that the scheme made rail commuting more attractive resulting in an overall increase of about 24% in ticket sales with 3%–15% car commuters reporting that they patronised PT services after the project. The scheme also resulted in increased rail commuter satisfaction. The overall perceived quality of the ticketing set-up did not however improve due to interoperability challenges. Service providers’ uncertainty about equitable distribution of revenue among the participating service providers, interoperability challenges and the lack of interest among most of the participating service providers to sell Movingo tickets are some issues to be addressed.

  • 45.
    Al-karkhi, Zaid
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Urban and Regional Studies.
    Defining Urban Terroir: The Placemaking Qualities of a City2021Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Throughout the history of Architecture and Urbanism, many efforts were made and continue being done in order to learn how to successfully design good built environments for human beings. This goal has not only expanded to several other fields such as Geography, Sociology, and Environmental Psychology but also received new and invaluable contributions from several other unexpected fields. Such might be the case with the field of Viticulture and its interesting concept of terroir which has already been used to address topics connected with urbanism and against the increased globalization. The process of globalization in which people are instead considered as citizens of a new global world order reduces the place and rather creates a world of “placelessness”. As a concept, terroir sheds light on the importance of authenticity and how a sense of feeling can generate a cultural identity. However, in a time where neoliberal politics are increasing with a strengthened nationalism, it can also be a source of politics. Although its authenticity can be used as a means to work against globalization, it can also install a perception of unity to the local people, therefore excluding foreigners and maintaining an ideal that is unattainable for multicultural cities.

    The purpose of this paper is to primarily suggest a definition for a new concept entitled urban terroir and to reveal the elements of the interactive urban ecosystem of a place embodied in our cities’ characteristic and distinctive qualities. In addition, the paper also has an objective of understanding how architects, planners, politicians, and developers can deeply understand terroir when creating places and policies without excluding people from the developed cultural identity it is meant to create. This is possible by interviewing residents from three cities in France, Mulhouse, Dunkerque, and Toulouse, and different areas in the municipality of Stockholm about their respective perception of terroir in the form of authenticity and its linkage to placemaking that may act as an accelerator to further exclusion of cultural minorities in the urban environment.

    The obtained results conclude a definition of urban terroir as a compilation of elements and certain characteristics that collectively, with respect to the residents in an area, make up the essence of a city. These elements comprise the architecture and its historical significance, inherent traditions tied to the region, temporal legibility, the elements of scale including nodes, paths, landmarks, districts as well as edges, and ultimately, the inclusion of minorities. The author also raises the potential romanticization of nationalism with terroir and authenticity. Thus, policies according to Interculturalism are derived which firstly include acknowledging the impact that politicians have. This includes securing housing, providing strategies to work against the identified ethnic segregation, and developing an agenda that promotes interactions whilst simultaneously nurturing inclusive cultural identities. As for architects and urban planners, the study concludes the potential placemaking has in fostering micro-public places in the city where different cultures can meet. The authenticity behind these places should go beyond the physical attributes and instead include the people living in the city. It becomes crucial to view the city as not limited to the inner-city, but also validate the right to the city and placemaking of inhabitants residing in the periphery by organizing initiatives that foster growth in such areas of the city. By working against the identified current state, in the form of generating authentic interactions with a social attachment to minority cultures, urban planners are able to present an understanding of the inevitable political aspect of placemaking.

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  • 46.
    Allen, Irma
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Philosophy and History, History of Science, Technology and Environment.
    Thinking with a Feminist Political Ecology of Air-and-breathing-bodies2020In: Body & Society, ISSN 1357-034X, E-ISSN 1460-3632, Vol. 26, no 2, p. 79-105Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Social theory has paid little attention to air, despite its centrality to bodily existence and air pollution being named the world’s biggest public health crisis. Where attention to air is found, the body is largely absent. On the other hand, conceptualizing the body without life-sustaining breath fails to highlight breathing as the ongoing metabolic bodily act in which the materiality of human and more-than-human intermingle and transmute one another. Political ecology studies how unequal power structures and knowledge production reproduce human–environment relations, including a nascent focus on the body and air – but as separate issues. This article argues that a political ecology of air would productively fuse with a political ecology of the body to bring the visceral realm into intersectional analysis of air’s contemporary materialities. A feminist political ecology situates explicitly air-and-breathing-bodies, their intimately posthuman, relational, elemental and corpomaterial intra-action, at the heart of such analysis.

  • 47.
    Allobergenova, Inobat
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Industrial Ecology.
    Anaerobic fermentation of organic waste from juice plant in Uzbekistan2006Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This Master Thesis work was done at the Master’s Programme in SustainableTechnology at the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) in study period 2005-2006.The aim of this Thesis work was to analyze if fermentation process is a proper methodfor processing organic waste from juice production process and if so to design a fermentationprocess of organic waste from juice plants in Uzbekistan taking into account the economical,environmental and technical aspects.In this report apple juice producing process and organic waste from juice productionin Uzbekistan were overviewed. Two juice processing plants of Uzbekistan “Bagat-Sharbat”and “Meva” and their generated organic waste were overviewed.Also different treatment methods of organic waste and their advantages anddisadvantages were analyzed and compared with anaerobic fermentation process. The studiedorganic waste management methods are animal feeding, incineration, direct land spreading,land filling, composting and anaerobic fermentation. Anaerobic fermentation of organic wastegenerated from fruit juice production was studied.Suggestions and recommendations were done to implement organic wastemanagement for fruit juice industry in Uzbekistan according to studies and calculations.Advantages and disadvantages of different waste management methods are discussedand compared with anaerobic fermentation. Economical and environmental calculations ofanaerobic fermentation process were done. Different biogas plant types all over the world andtheir construction costs were studied and compared. According to studies and calculationsseveral suggestions and recommendations are made.By studying and comparing different waste treatment methods with anaerobic digestion oforganic waste from juice plants following conclusions are made:

    The benefits of the biogas plant on the fruit juice plant:

    • Solution of the organic waste-disposal problems

    • Reduction of obnoxious smells from the organic wastes

    • Own, stable, self-sufficient energy production (heat, steam and electricity)

    • Cheap energy, which yields financial savings in the longer term.

    • Possibility of selling energy or biogas surplus - a source of extra income forthe plant.

    • Production of high-volume fertiliser that carries a higher content of nitrogen(15% or more) than artificial fertilisers, and that does not burn the crops, asuntreated slurry can do. This reduces the need for expensive artificialfertilisers. By selling this natural fertiliser additional income for the plant canbe obtained.

    Local benefits:

    • Better control of the waste from fruit juice processing organic waste meansless pollution of local environment and water sources.

    • Removal of chemical fertilisers from the fields and recirculation of nutrients.

    • Local power plants contribute to creating permanent local jobs in the area.

    On a global additional, replacing fossil fuels to biogas reduces emissions of CO2. Atthe same time, the emission of methane, a greenhouse gas that is 20 times more aggressivethan CO2 is reduced due to controlled anaerobic digestion.

     

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  • 48.
    Almlöf, Erik
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Centres, Integrated Transport Research Lab, ITRL.
    Using vignettes to explore policy tools for a self-driving transport future2023In: Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives, E-ISSN 2590-1982, Vol. 22, article id 100922Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Researchers struggle to create simple yet nuanced diagrams or short abstracts that are easily comprehendible by non-experts. Research articles may be our primary communication method, but they are generally difficult to understand, making them unsuitable for general communication. This paper investigates a rarely used method in transport research – vignettes – to convey research results and elicit implications for public planners. Historically, these vignettes have been designed using qualitative methods, e.g., the Delphi method or by researchers' review of trends. However, this paper uses two vignettes originating from quantitative results from a simulation model paper (Almlöf et al., 2022), investigating the impacts of self-driving technology. Rewriting the results into two short stories – vignettes – these stories then served as the starting point for semi-structured interviews and a workshop with six public officials in Stockholm, Sweden. The vignettes were used to understand what these results would mean to the participants and how they would combat potential problems connected to sustainability, given the vignettes. Finally, the interviews and the workshop were qualitatively analysed, and policy tools were identified that can steer the transport system towards societal goals. The vignettes were a powerful tool to help the participants envision a future with self-driving transport options and promote critical thinking regarding how each participant would be affected, given such a future. As such, vignettes should be further explored to help researchers investigate abstract subjects which participants may have difficulties understanding.

  • 49.
    Almén, Lena
    et al.
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Centres, Centre for Health and Building, CHB.
    Larsson, Tore J
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Centres, Centre for Health and Building, CHB.
    Possibilities for designers to reduce the risk of work injury in the production phase of a building project2010In: On the Road to Vision Zero?: Construction, 2010Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    (71) Possibilities for designers to reduce the risk of work injury in the production phase of a building project. Lena Almén, Tore J Larsson, (School of Technology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Sweden) Work related injuries and diseases are more frequent among construction workers than the labour market in average. Thus, there is a need of more preventive work during the design and planning phase. Two building projects, both productions of new apartment buildings with a design and construct contractor, were studied. Unsafe conditions were identified by workers and managers at the construction sites. The unsafe conditions were presented to the designers and planners. They were asked to describe the correlated decisions during the design and planning phase; when they were taken, why and by whom.

    Influence from outside the company was related to the clients, the town planning department, laws, a trade association and to the design of building products. The managers at the construction sites did not get any information, from the designers and planners, of what occupational risks there were in any of the projects. The routines for how to identify and handle hazards in the designing and planning phase were not sufficient. Furthermore, the designers explained, that they did not have enough competence in construction methods to be able to foresee occupational consequences at the construction sites when they designed rare constructions. The designers and planners did not follow up occupational risks at any of the construction sites. In order to get a safer working environment at construction sites, the top managers in the building companies need to define the acceptable safety level and put the safety issue on the agenda for all employees in the company, along with quality, costs and time schedule. Safety need to be communicated with those outside the company who have an influence on the working environment, and included in contracts with consultants, subcontractors and suppliers.

  • 50.
    Althén Bergman, Felix
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Geoinformatics.
    Östblom, Evelina
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Geoinformatics.
    GIS-based crisis communication: A platform for authorities to communicate with the public during wildfire2019Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Today, people are used to having technology as a constant aid. This also sets expectations that information should always be available. This, together with ongoing climate change that has led to more natural disasters, has laid the foundation for the need to change the methodology for how geographical data is collected, compiled and visualized when used for crisis communication. This study explores how authorities, at present, communicate with the public during a crisis and how this can be done in an easier and more comprehensible way, with the help of Geographical Information Systems (GIS). The goal is to present a new way of collecting, compiling and visualizing geographical data in order to communicate, as an authority, with the public during a crisis. This has been done using a case study with focus on wildfires. Therefore, most of the work consisted of the creation of a prototype, CMAP – Crisis Management and Planning, that visualizes fire-related data. The basic work of the prototype consisted of determining what data that exists and is necessary for the information to be complete and easily understood together with how the data is best implemented. The existing data was retrieved online or via a scheduled API request. Eventrelated data, which is often created in connection with the event itself, was given a common structure and an automatic implementation into the prototype using Google Fusion Tables. In the prototype, data was visualized in two interactive map-based sections. These sections focused on providing the user with the information that might be needed if one fears that they are within an affected location or providing the user with general preparatory information in different counties. Finally, a non-map-based section was created that allowed the public to help authorities and each other via crowdsource data. This was collected in a digital form which was then directly visualized in the prototype’s map-based sections. The result of this showed, among other things, that automatic data flows are a good alternative for avoiding manual data handling and thus enabling a more frequent update of the data. Furthermore, it also showed the importance of having a common structure for which data to be included and collected in order to create a communication platform. Finally, by visualizing of dynamic polygon data in an interactive environment a development in crisis communication that can benefit the public’s understanding of the situation is achieved. This thesis is limited to the functionality and layout provided by the Google platform, including Google Earth Engine, Google Forms, Google Fusion Tables etc

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