Endre søk
Begrens søket
1234567 1 - 50 of 1103
RefereraExporteraLink til resultatlisten
Permanent link
Referera
Referensformat
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Annet format
Fler format
Språk
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Annet språk
Fler språk
Utmatningsformat
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
Treff pr side
  • 5
  • 10
  • 20
  • 50
  • 100
  • 250
Sortering
  • Standard (Relevans)
  • Forfatter A-Ø
  • Forfatter Ø-A
  • Tittel A-Ø
  • Tittel Ø-A
  • Type publikasjon A-Ø
  • Type publikasjon Ø-A
  • Eldste først
  • Nyeste først
  • Skapad (Eldste først)
  • Skapad (Nyeste først)
  • Senast uppdaterad (Eldste først)
  • Senast uppdaterad (Nyeste først)
  • Disputationsdatum (tidligste først)
  • Disputationsdatum (siste først)
  • Standard (Relevans)
  • Forfatter A-Ø
  • Forfatter Ø-A
  • Tittel A-Ø
  • Tittel Ø-A
  • Type publikasjon A-Ø
  • Type publikasjon Ø-A
  • Eldste først
  • Nyeste først
  • Skapad (Eldste først)
  • Skapad (Nyeste først)
  • Senast uppdaterad (Eldste først)
  • Senast uppdaterad (Nyeste først)
  • Disputationsdatum (tidligste først)
  • Disputationsdatum (siste først)
Merk
Maxantalet träffar du kan exportera från sökgränssnittet är 250. Vid större uttag använd dig av utsökningar.
  • 1.
    Aagaard, Annabeth
    et al.
    Aarhus University, Dept. Business Development & Technology.
    Ritzén, Sofia
    KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), Integrerad produktutveckling.
    Creating and capturing sustainable value through business model and service innovation2018Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    A number of researchers and practitioners emphasize the potentials of creating value through sustainable business models. However, little attention has been paid as to how sustainable value is created and implemented into the organization and how sustainable value is perceived by the customers. This research gap is explored empirically through a case study of active facilitation and implementation of sustainable business models as experience internally and externally among two hotels’ employees and customers. The findings reveal different key control mechanisms in sustainable value creation and value capture through sustainable business models and sustainable service innovation. The managerial implications of creating and implementing sustainable business models in ways that are perceived sustainable by customer, stress the need for employee engagement, customer involvement, and targeted and personal communication educating internal and external sustainability ambassadors.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 2.
    Abu Sa'a, Ehab
    et al.
    Linköping University.
    Asplund, Fredrik
    KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), Maskinkonstruktion, Mekatronik och inbyggda styrsystem.
    Enabling knowledge sharing in university-cross-industry competence centres2023Inngår i: Proceedings of European Academy of Management (EURAM) 2023: Transforming Business for Good, Dublin, Ireland, 2023Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    University competence centres (UCCs) are created to enhance university-industry collaboration and knowledge sharing among collaborating partners. This study investigates the organisation of knowledge sharing among firms in UCCs through a qualitative case study of UCCs with or without a focus on research in their activities. Data collection was done through interviews and observations over a period of 24 months. While the findings indicate that both types of UCCs are non-neutral, they also reveal several different characteristics that appear primarily based on a strong tie either to the first (education) or the second (research) mission of academia. Although both types of UCCs act to build a common meaning among participating organisations, the focus on the first or the second mission leads to this meaning is primarily being constructed in the firm-to-firm or university-to-firm interfaces, respectively. Whereas cross-industry knowledge sharing is emphasised by both types of centres, it is thus more strongly emphasised by UCCs without a focus on research as it helps to avoid harmful effects of knowledge spillovers. The focus on the first mission also appears able to sustain the organisation of knowledge ecosystems created by UCCs without a focus on research in a prefigurative form, which is otherwise typically transient. Furthermore, the challenges to sustainability are different, with centres focused on research being pre-occupied with funding issues, while centres not focused on research leveraging on others means to maintain the interest of industry. The findings contribute to innovation management research and practice by refining current understanding of processes and practices of university-industry collaboration, and how they contribute to facilitate (cross-industry) collaboration and knowledge transfer. Given that university-industry collaboration is often promoted in national innovation policies to create value for society as whole, our findings contribute towards enabling organisations, managers as well as governments to take more informed actions when engaging in such collaborations.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 3.
    Ackebo, Jonas
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Samhällsplanering och miljö, Miljöstrategisk analys.
    Cykelplanering ur ett lokalt perspektiv: Hur Danderyds kommun kan arbeta för att underlätta en ökning av andelen cykelresor2013Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 poäng / 30 hpOppgave
  • 4.
    Adem Esmail, Blal
    et al.
    Univ Trento, Dept Civil Environm & Mech Engn, Trento, Italy..
    Geneletti, Davide
    Multi-criteria decision analysis for nature conservation: A review of 20 years of applications2018Inngår i: Methods in Ecology and Evolution, E-ISSN 2041-210X, Vol. 9, s. 42-53Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    1. Multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) is a method to support decision-making, by exploring the balance between the pros and cons of different alternatives to ac- complish a specific goal. It assists in framing decision problems, illustrating the per- formance of alternatives across criteria, exploring trade-offs, formulating a decision and testing its robustness. This paper provides a structured review of empirical applications of MCDA to nature conservation published in the scientific literature over the last 20 years. The paper aims at taking stock of past experiences, and comparing them with best practices and common pitfalls identified in the literature, to provide recommendations for better MCDA application to conservation.

    2. The review follows the structure of a generalized MCDA process consisting of three key stages: (1) decision context and problem structuring, (2) analysis and (3) decision.

    3. The search identified 86 papers that describe MCDA applications to a range of top- ics, including conservation prioritization and planning; protected areas management and zoning; forest management and restoration; and mapping of biodiversity, naturalness and wilder. The results show that, concerning problem structuring, a small percentage of the reviewed MCDA engaged stakeholders other than the authors in identifying alternatives and formulating criteria (15% and 35% respectively). Concerning the analysis, criteria assessment was adequately justified by the authors (47%), at times also by involving other stakeholders (22%). Weighting was per- formed in almost all applications, whereas criteria aggregation was mostly based on the weighted linear combination (63%). Sensitivity analysis was largely overlooked (57%). Concerning decision, 45% of the articles provided only an overall ranking or suitability of alternatives, while 22% included additional rankings according to spe- cific criterion, and 8% further analyses and clustering of stakeholders’ preferences.

    4. The paper concludes by suggesting key elements of successful MCDA applications, including clear construction of the decision context; collaborative identification of alternatives and criteria that reflect the values at stake; adequate justification and communication of the methods for criteria assessment and weighting; reasoned choice of the criteria aggregation method, and comprehensive sensitivity analysis.

  • 5.
    Adem Esmail, Blal
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Samhällsplanering och miljö.
    Suleiman, Lina
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Samhällsplanering och miljö, Urbana och regionala studier.
    Analyzing Evidence of Sustainable Urban Water Management Systems: A Review through the Lenses of Sociotechnical Transitions2020Inngår i: Sustainability, E-ISSN 2071-1050, Vol. 12, nr 11, s. 4481-Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Sustainability concerns and multiple socio‐environmental pressures have necessitated a shift towards Sustainable Urban Water Management (SUWM) systems. Viewing SUWM systems as sociotechnical, this paper departs from eight factors previously identified by transition research: Pressures, Context, Purposes, Actors, Instruments, Processes, Outputs, and Outcomes as a methodological framework for a structured review of 100 articles. The study seeks to analyze empirical cases of planning and implementing SUWM systems worldwide. A wide range of public actors—driven by social and environmental factors rather than by economic pressures—have initiated SUWM projects so as to locally fulfill defined social and environmental purposes. We provide evidence on the emergence of new actors, such as experts, users, and private developers, as well as on the diverse and innovative technical and societal instruments used to promote and implement SUWM systems. We also explore their contexts and institutional capacity to deal with pressures and to mobilize significant financial and human resources, which is in itself vital for the transition to SUWM. Planned or implemented SUWM outputs are divided into green (wet ponds, raingardens, and green roofs) and gray (rain barrels and porous pavements) measures. The outcomes of SUWM projects— in terms of societal and technical learning, and their institutional uptakes—are often implicit or lacking, which seemingly reduces the rate of desirable change.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 6.
    Adolphson, Marcus
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Samhällsplanering och miljö, Urbana och regionala studier.
    Jonsson, R. Daniel
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Centra, Centrum för transportstudier, CTS.
    Regionalt planeringsarbete: Komplex kunskap i demokratiska planprocesser: Antologi2021Annet (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [sv]

    Innehållsförteckning

    Inledning

    Utgångspunkter för stads- och regionplanering

    Introduktion

    Hall P. (2002). Urban and Regional Planning, pp. 1-9. London: RoutledgeCampell S., Fainstein S. S., (2012). Introduction In Readings in planning theory, pp. 1-16. Blackwell,Cambridge, Mass.

    Taylor N. (1998). Urban planning theory since 1945. London: SAGE. (19 sid)Allmendinger P. (2017). Planning theory, pp. 5-6, 16, 35-50. Basingstoke: Palgrave

    Sayer A. (2010). Methods in social science. A realist approach. pp. 16-19, 44-49. London: Routledge.

    Yiftachel O. (1989). Towards a new type of urban planning theories. Environment and planning B: Planning and design, 16, 23-39

    Thrift N. J. (1983). On the determination of social action in space and time. Environment and planningD, 1, 23-57.

    Utmaning 1: Vilken kunskap är relevant i en planeringsprocess?

    Introduktion

    Rydin Y. (2007). Re-Examining the role of knowledge within planning theory. Planning theory , 6 (1),52-68.

    Easton D. (1965). A framework for political analysis. Englewood Cliffs, NJ. USA: Prentice-Hall, Inc.)

    Parsons T. (1968) “Social Systems”. International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences (pp 458-473).New York: Macmillan.)

    Utmaning 2: Hur kan komplex kunskap integreras i en planeringsorganisation och bidra tillinstitutionell kapacitet?

    Introduktion

    Healey P. (1998). Building institutional capacity through collaborative approaches to urban planning.Environment and planning A. 30, 1531-1646

    Feitelson, E. I. (2011). Issue Generating Assessment: Bridging the gap between evaluation theory andpractice? Planning Theory and Practice, 12(4), 549-568.

    Adolphson M. and Jonsson D. (2020). Uncover the theory practice gap in Swedish transportplanning: an interdisciplinary approach. European Planning Studies. 28(11), 2237-2260.)

    Utmaning 3: Hur kan (politiska) värderingar integreras i en planeringsprocess

    Introduktion

    Habermas J. (2007[1996]). Civil society and political public spheres. In C Calhoun, J Gerties, J Moody,S Pfaff and I Virk (Eds.) Contemporary sociological theory (pp 388-407). Malden MA, BlackwellPublishing.

    Ahlenius I-B. (2012). Staten är inte ett företag. Stockholm: Dagens nyheter (20120817)

    Kiernan M J (1983) Ideology, politics, and planning: reflections on the theory and practice of urbanplanning. Environment and planning B: Planning and design, 10, pp 71-87

    Davidoff P: (1965). Advocacy and pluralism in planning. In Campell S., Fainstein S. S. (Eds.). (2003).Readings in planning theory, pp. 277-296. Blackwell, Cambridge, Mass.

    Utmaning 4: Hur kan komplex expertkunskap integreras i demokratisk/kommunikativplanering?

    Introduktion

    Lindblom C. E. (1959[1996]). The science of ”Muddling through”. In Campell S., Fainstein S. S., (Eds.)(1996). Readings in planning theory. pp. 79-88. Cambridge, Mass.: Blackwell.

    Hertting N och Hellquist A. (uå). Om svenska demokratiutvecklares ideer och konsten att institutionalisera medborgardialog i lokal politik. IBF, Uppsala Universitet

  • 7.
    Agebro, Markus
    KTH, Skolan för teknikvetenskap (SCI), Farkost och flyg.
    Driver Preferences of Steering Characteristics2007Licentiatavhandling, med artikler (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    The future of vehicle steering systems lies within by-wire technology. With by-wire technology mechanical or hydraulic systems are replaced by electronic systems. Removal of the steering column and possibly other linkage and gears yields vast potential of further improvement of performance, comfort and safety. Steer-by-wire technology also enables the manufacturer to tailor the steering feel to better suit the individual drivers’ need and preference. Since a driver gains critical information about the vehicle from feedback through the steering wheel, steering feel will play a very important part in consumer acceptance of steer-by-wire systems. It will also be possible to customize steering characteristics to the individual driver.

    This thesis presents a methodology for investigating steering characteristics through analysis of simulator experiments and to find the impact of specific steering characteristics on drivers of varying skill. There are many key aspects to consider when designing simulator experiments. A validated vehicle model is required. Evaluation criteria need to be well defined as well as concise and simple. The utilized scenario has to be able to capture the selected evaluation criteria. Recruitment of test subjects should represent the target population. How to utilize the available time in the simulator most effectively and how to analyze the results are also important. In this work three studies are performed. Paper A investigates how steering gear ratio and steering wheel effort of a passenger car affect preferences of high and low mileage drivers. Paper B is an extended study of Paper A, where the resolution is higher, speed dependence is investigated and performance of the drivers is also evaluated. In Paper C the impact of four important steering system characteristics on driver performance and preference is evaluated.

    The major conclusions drawn from this work are that variation of steering gear ratio has considerable impact on perceived steering feel and manoeuvrability as well as on driver performance. Variation in steering wheel effort affect perceived steering feel and stability, but no significant influence is detected in perceived manoeuvrability or driver performance. There are distinguishable differences in preferences of the investigated evaluation criteria between driver categories of varying skill. However, general trends of the preferences for the categories are fairly similar. Low skilled drivers prefer lower effort and higher ratio than high skilled drivers, especially at the highest investigated speed, 100 km/h.

    The developed methodology for performing simulator experiments to evaluate steering characteristics has proven satisfactory through findings of three different studies. This work also shows that there are several important steering characteristics that need to be considered when designing steering systems, particularly steering systems with by-wire applications and especially considering drivers of varying skill.

  • 8.
    Agebro, Markus
    KTH, Skolan för teknikvetenskap (SCI), Farkost och flyg.
    Four Steering Properties' Influence on Drivers' Performance and PreferencesArtikkel i tidsskrift (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 9.
    Agebro, Markus
    KTH, Skolan för teknikvetenskap (SCI), Farkost och flyg.
    Impact of Varying Steering Ratio and Effort on Driver Preferences and Performance with Focus on Driving Skill.Artikkel i tidsskrift (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 10.
    Agebro, Markus
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för teknikvetenskap (SCI), Farkost och flyg.
    Nilsson, Andreas
    Stensson Trigell, Annika
    KTH, Skolan för teknikvetenskap (SCI), Farkost och flyg, Fordonsdynamik.
    Driver preferences of steering gear ratio and steering wheel effort: A driving simulator study2006Inngår i: Proceedings of the FISITA World Automotive Congress, Yokohama, Japan 2006., 2006Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    When driving an automobile, the driver has to correct the course as a result of road curvature and external disturbances. In order to make the vehicle both controllable and comfortable to drive, it is important that the steering system is designed with different drivers in mind. In this work, driver preferences of steering system characteristics is investigated by comparing standard steering wheel settings with unconventional steering gear ratio and steering wheel effort. The investigation is made using 18 test subjects in a moving base driving simulator. The evaluation includes two scenarios. In the first scenario the driver is overtaking a bus at 110 km/h when meeting traffic in the opposite lane. In the second scenario the driver is doing a manoeuvre by following a cone track at 55 km/h. To investigate if there are differences in preference of drivers with varying experience of driving, the drivers are chosen to either be low or high mileage drivers. People that drive less than 5,000 km/year are considered to be low mileage drivers, and people that drive more than 25,000 km/year are considered to be high mileage drivers.

    The results show that original settings of a typical passenger car, which served as reference, prove to display favourable characteristics compared to the unconventional settings investigated. However, there might be settings within the investigated intervals that can be considered superior. A distinct trend in the results is that increasing effort will lead to increased perceived stability, independent of ratio. High mileage drivers find the setting with low ratio and reference effort to possess better qualities than the reference when evaluating the attributes steering wheel force and response and only slightly less favourable properties than the reference when evaluating the attribute stability. High mileage drivers display a more distinct opinion and a higher sensitivity when evaluating the attributes. Despite the differing setup of the scenarios, many similarities can be observed when studying the results. Even though there are similarities in the results both between the scenarios and the categories of drivers, a study of the individual test subjects´ preferences reveal that several drivers prefer other settings than the reference for the investigated scenarios. Therefore, it is clear that the driver-vehicle system would benefit from tailoring the steering characteristics to the situation and driver.

  • 11.
    Ageng, Pandu SW
    KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), Industriell ekologi.
    Jeneberang River Basin Management Capacity: Establishing of a Public Corporate in South Sulawesi Province in INDONESIA2005Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 poäng / 30 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    A multi purpose dam called Bili bili have been built in Jeneberang river basin in easternIndonesia in 1999 and providing water available to all customers. In 2004 a landslide occurredand impact to the quality of raw water, especially the amount of turbidity, dramaticallyincreased. Landslide problems started with high sedimentation rates to water infrastructures.Technically the lifetime of Bili bili multi purpose dam and reservoirs will be shorter thanplanned. In contrast, we understand and agreed that sustainable development and ensuring thecurrent use of a water resource as well as a dam should compromise its use by future generation.To reach progress in sustainability we need to establish governance structures and practices thatcan foster, guide and coordinated positive work by a host of actors on a complex of issues.Today, Indonesian Central Government is planning to establish a public corporate participationto comprehensive water resources management in eastern Indonesia. The important significant ofstakeholders in order to develop comprehensive approaches, are water agencies: regional andlocal water institution that will manage catchments areas, water infrastructures and water utilitiesas provider of drinking water to municipalities. They will be acquainted to the water and waterinstitutional capacity problems.

    This research examines both the current impacts on and potential future for water management ineastern Indonesia. One of the objectives of this research will be to described the current of waterresource organization, which is related to establishing of a public corporate, not onlystakeholders involvement; management and organization; but also finances and investments;operation; distribution; regulation and policy. One objective of this research will be measured byconducting interactive interviews and dialogue with the representatives of the stakeholders. Thelast objective is evaluating the Human Resources Development performances of water resourcesmanagement by a series of workshops. Additionally, some recommendations for a future watersupply system will be provided as an input for the government and local authority in order toimprove the capacity and water resources management in eastern Indonesia.

    The results conclude that to meet the Millennium Development Goals, the establishment of apublic corporate for supporting Indonesia’s process of decentralization is necessary where thelocal level include customers can be a much more dynamic interaction between providers ofservices and water users. A participatory method is useful to raise problems, so while the CentralGovernment can mandate a minimum service standard and the achievements of these standardscan be monitored directly at the local level.

    Accountability of water resources development should be considered as a vehicle when aproblem occurs with insufficiency of the existing water facilities and a big demand of waterpurposes.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 12.
    Ahlroth, Sofia
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Samhällsplanering och miljö, Miljöstrategisk analys.
    Developing a weighting set based on monetary damage estimates: Method and case studies2009Rapport (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    In environmental systems analysis tools such as cost-benefit analysis (CBA) and life-cycle assessments (LCA), generic values for impacts on the environment and human health are frequently used. There are several sets of generic values, which are based on different valuation methods, e.g. willingness-to-pay, abatement costs, taxes or non-monetary assessments. This study attempts to derive a consistent set of damage-based values based on estimation of willingness to pay (WTP) to avoid damages. Where possible we compile existing damage cost estimates from different sources. Currently, there are no generic damage costs available for eutrophication and acidification. We derive damage values for eutrophying and acidifying substances using WTP estimates from available valuation studies. For eutrophication, we derive benefit transfer functions for eutrophication that allows calculation of site-specific values. We compare the derived ecosystem damage values to existing estimates of the cost for reducing nitrogen and phosphorus emissions to water. The analysis indicates that many abatement measures for nitrogen have a positive net benefit while most measures to reduce phosphorus cost more than the benefit achieved when estimated on a general level and should, instead, be assessed on a case-specific level. Moreover, a comparison of the existing environmental taxes on nitrogen, nitrogen oxides and phosphorus in Sweden show that the current tax rates do not reflect the externalities from these pollutants. Subsequently, we construct a weighting set by combining the derived values with existing generic damage values for human toxicity, photochemical oxidants and global warming. The weighting set - labelled Ecovalue09 - is applied to three case studies and the outcome is compared to the results using other weighting sets.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 13.
    Ahmad Termida, Nursitihazlin
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Transportvetenskap, Systemanalys och ekonomi. Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Infrastructure and Geomatic Engineering.
    Understanding Individuals' Learning and Decision Processes in a Changing Environment by Using Panel Data2017Doktoravhandling, med artikler (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    When a new transport service is introduced, people have to learn and familiarize themselves with the new service before they decide to adopt it. These processes are developed over time, thus produce dynamics in individuals’ behavioural responses towards the service. This affects the demand of the new service, thus affect revenues. Available studies have examined the factors influencing these responses from microeconomic perspectives. The influence of the theory-based subjective factors has not been examined empirically. Understanding these would assist transport and urban planners to design a better marketing strategy to increase the market share of the new service. A change in seasons affect individuals’ activity-travel decisions, thus produce dynamics in activitytravel patterns in different seasons. Individuals’ constraints, in a form of mandatory activities (working/studying), are influencing individuals’ decisions to participate in day-to-day nonmandatory activities (leisure and routine activities). The interdependency between travel demand, time allocation and mode choice that considers interactions between mandatory and non-mandatory activities, in different seasons is less explored. Understanding these would assist transport planners and operators to manage travel demand strategies across different seasons of the year and provide better transportation systems for all individuals. This thesis includes five papers. Paper I explores individuals’ characteristics of the quick-response and the adopters of the new public transport (PT) service and examines the temporal effects. Paper II investigates the subjective factors influencing a quick-response to the new PT service by proposing a modified attitude-behaviour framework. Paper III and IV analyse the effects of seasonal variations and individuals’ constraints on their day-to-day activity-travel decisions and patterns. Paper V analyses the attrition and fatigue in the two-week travel diary panel survey instrument.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    Nursitihazlin's Kappa
  • 14.
    Ahmad Termida, Nursitihazlin
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Transportvetenskap, Systemanalys och ekonomi. Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Infrastructure and Geomatic Engineering.
    Susilo, Yusak
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Transportvetenskap, Systemanalys och ekonomi.
    Franklin, Joel
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Transportvetenskap, Systemanalys och ekonomi.
    Attrition and Fatigue in a Four Waves of Two-Week Travel Diary: A Case Study in Stockholm, SwedenManuskript (preprint) (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper describes a four-wave panel survey design and implementation collected on individual level, consisting of three survey’s instrument namely, self-reported two-week travel diary, on-line psychological questionnaire, and self-reported mental map-related questions. The panel survey is built with the aim to examine individuals’ behavioural changes when a new tram extension line in western sub-urban areas of Stockholm, Sweden, was introduced in October 2013. The survey duration took approximately seven months’ period and the data collected covers all four different seasons of the year, which make it wealth of information. The analysis of attrition and fatigue was done on the two-week travel diary survey instrument only. It is found that the overall attrition rate is 34.3% of the total participants (102 individuals) in the Wave 1 survey, which is considered large. The attrition rate between consecutive waves, however, is considered low which is within the range of 7% to 10%. Based on the binary logit models, there are no systematic tendencies of the dropouts’ characteristics from wave to wave to be found, indicating attrition is purely random. There is no correlation between immobile days and missing trips per day are to be found between-waves. The results of the binary logit model on missing trip show that personal attributes, temporal factors (e.g. weekdays and waves) and travel characteristics (e.g. home-based trip, trip purpose, travel distance and number of inter-modal transfers) significantly affect the missing trip but no indication of fatigue appears.

  • 15.
    Ahmad Termida, Nursitihazlin
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Transportvetenskap, Systemanalys och ekonomi. Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Infrastructure and Geomatic Engineering.
    Susilo, Yusak
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Transportvetenskap, Systemanalys och ekonomi.
    Franklin, Joel
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Transportvetenskap, Systemanalys och ekonomi.
    Subjective Factors Influencing Individual's Response to a New Public Transport ServiceManuskript (preprint) (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    The timing and nature of people’s responses can be expected to vary when a new element enter their environment. For example, when an individual is provided with a new or modified transport service. This time-scale of behavioural responses will affect the patronage of, and short- and long-term demands on the new service over time. Understanding the underlying factors that influence an individual’s response over time to a new or modified transport service would enable us to identify trigger factors that make the new service attractive from an individual’s point of view. Chatterjee (2001) and Douglas (2003) argued that motives other than instrumental factors related to public transport use, such as attitudes, awareness, travel habits and learning processes, can influence individual responses over time to changes in the travel environment. Unfortunately, despite their importance, there have been few studies that examined this argument empirically. To address this research gap, this paper aims to investigate the influences of subjective factors on individuals’ responses to the introduction of a modified public transport (PT) service over time by proposing and testing an alternative model that modifies the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) model framework. This paper also aims to investigate the behavioural change in terms of attitudes and perceptions on individuals’ resources and constraints in using a modified PT service over time after its introduction. The case study involves the new extension of a tram line connecting the suburbs of Alvik and Solna Centrum in Stockholm, Sweden. Four waves of a panel survey were conducted with 96 individuals who lived along the new service, from just before the new service was introduced and until seven months after its introduction. A structural equation modelling technique was used to estimate the relationships between behavioural constructs and panel data, then incorporate them into a discrete choice model. The results show that intention influences individual’s quick-response choice. The panel analysis shows that past behaviour in using the new service influenced current behaviour, and that perceived walking distance in using the service consistently influenced the frequency of using the new service over time.

  • 16.
    Ahmad Termida, Nursitihazlin
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Transportvetenskap, Systemanalys och ekonomi. Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Infrastructure and Geomatic Engineering.
    Susilo, Yusak
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Transportvetenskap, Systemanalys och ekonomi.
    Franklin, Joel
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Transportvetenskap, Systemanalys och ekonomi.
    Liu, Chengxi
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Transportvetenskap, Systemanalys och ekonomi. VTI.
    Understanding Seasonal Variation in Individual's Activity Participation and Trip Generation by Using Four Consecutive Two-Week Travel DiaryManuskript (preprint) (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper explores the interactions between travel demand, time allocation and mode choice in different seasons by jointly modeling the work and/or study, routine and leisure activity-travel engagements of 67 individuals in Stockholm, Sweden. A longitudinal panel two-week travel diary data collected in four consecutive waves over a span of seven months period that covers all four different seasons; autumn, winter, spring and summer, were analysed by using simultaneous Tobit models. The model was applied to explore the interactions among each activity-travel indicator, and individuals’ unique characteristics and endogeneity in activity-travel engagements between different seasons were also considered in the model system. The results of models reveal clear trade-offs between mandatory activities (work and/or study) and non-mandatory activities (routine and leisure), regardless of any seasons, although the magnitudes vary between seasons. There is also a positive mutual endogeneity relationship between number of trips and activity duration within the same activity type. The trade-offs between work and/or study trips towards routine and leisure trips are larger in winter and spring respectively, than in other seasons. It is also found that mode effects on travel time for conducting mandatory activity are much larger in spring than in other seasons. However, the effects of public transport and slow modes on travel time for leisure activities are much larger in summer than in other seasons.

  • 17.
    Ahmad, Toqeer
    KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), Industriell ekologi.
    Environmental Management in a Pakistani Textile Company with Focus on Trade2000Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 poäng / 30 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    The discussion on the relationship between trade and environment has always been aheated one particularly in the context of varying economic and environmental conditionsbetween developed and developing countries. The economies of developing countriesdepend on their export to the Western countries and they are sensitive about anydevelopment, which is likely to affect their export capacity.A study has been conducted to assess the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threatsof a textile company in Pakistan exporting textile products to E.U countries with specificfocus on the issue of current and emerging environmental trade barriers.The study is divided into four major sections. Chapter 1 opens the debate on the issue oftrade and environment, recent developments and perspectives of major actors involvedi.e. business, environmentalists and the third world countries. Chapter 2 defines thepremises, aim, objectives and methodology. Chapter 3 outlines the detailed companyprofile. Chapter 4 deals with identification of current and emerging environmental tradebarriers that the company is facing or will face in the future. They are five namely, theNational Environmental Laws of the country, International Environmental Standards,Eco-Labeling Schemes, Intellectual Property Rights and Environmental Tariff. Chapter 5discusses the availability of resources in the company in term of information, humancapital and technology. Chapter 6 analyses the relationship between the company and itsinternational buyers in term of demand from the Western world and the supply from thethird world.This study is an example of how a Pakistani company is underpinned with the lack offinancial, technical and human resources. It also presents a case that demandingenvironmental obligations from this company for trade purposes, may create adversetrade barriers. There might be some standards, which this company may not be able tomeet in a given situation, but it does not rule out the possible improvements in theenvironmental management that can be worked upon within the given financial, technicaland human resources of the company.The study shows that the textile products in Pakistan are not cheap but have deliberatelybeen made cheaper by the policy makers at the expense of people’s health and thephysical environment. The installation and operation of primary and secondary treatmentplant, which is considered the most costly option to improve environmental condition ofthe factory, increases the cost merely up to approximately USD 0.01per square meter ofprocessing fabric. Similarly, the presence of other measures such as emission controldevices, use of environment-friendly chemicals, the recycling of waste water, exercisingfresh water consumption etc as discussed in this study would have minimal effect on theprice of the product. Considering the affluence of the European society, even the increasein product price cannot be regarded too much when converted into European currencies.This company fears that due consideration of the environmental issues will affect theprice of products which is true to some extent. But this fear is often exaggerated. The lackof environmental provisions in the company is a result of the poor environmentalbehaviour, which is due to the absence of effective communication and co-ordinationbetween the parties concerned. If this study is projected on a major scale, covering anumber of textile companies in the third world, there is a possibility of similar nature of4findings and results. If trade is part of the problem causing environmental damages, it canalso be used as a part of the solution.

  • 18.
    Al Ghafri, Aziza
    KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.), Redovisning, finansiering, nationalekonomi och organisation.
    "I Wanna Be Free": On the Challenges and Coping Strategies of Women Entrepreneurs in Sweden2024Doktoravhandling, monografi (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    Women's entrepreneurship is often presented as important for creating economic prosperity at the national level and is said to offer freedom, independence, and emancipation for women. The purpose of this study is to explore the conditions of women entrepreneurs who have different backgrounds in Sweden. To achieve this purpose, this study focuses on the challenges women entrepreneurs perceive and the coping strategies they employ to navigate these challenges. The study adopts an intersectional gender perspective, grounded in research on entrepreneurship, gender, and ethnicity. It draws on qualitative data collected through semi-structured interviews with women entrepreneurs in Sweden who have different backgrounds. The findings show that the challenges experienced by the women entrepreneurs included lack of support, being belittled, being excluded, having to work harder and be strong and having to adapt. The analysis discusses that these challenges can be understood as a result of gendered perceptions of entrepreneurship and processes of Othering. Ethnicity and race also play a role in shaping these conditions. The interviewed women deal with the conditions through four strategies: the assimilation strategy; the positive strategy, the ambiguity strategy, and the change strategy. The coping strategies are discussed in relation to empowerment and emancipation. From a theoretical perspective, this study contributes to developing concepts and conceptual relationships to capture how gender, ethnicity, and race impact women's conditions as entrepreneurs. 

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 19.
    Albrecht, Martin
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, Miljöstrategisk analys (fms).
    Enabling socio-technical transitions – electric vehicles and high voltage electricity grids as focal points of low emission futures2017Licentiatavhandling, med artikler (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    Today humankind is facing numerous sustainability challenges that require us to question CO2 intensive practices like those present in the transport and energy sector. To meet those challenges, many countries have adopted ambitious climate targets. Achieving such targets requires an understanding of the wider socio-technical context of transitions. The aim of this licentiate thesis is therefore to analyse such socio-technical transitions towards low-emission futures enabled by the electrification of passenger cars and high voltage grid development.

    A combination of different transitions theories (for ex. Multi-level perspective and Technological innovation systems) and institutional theory has been used. To reach the aim paper I analyses the climate impacts of electric vehicles (EVs) and policy measures to achieve a breakthrough scenario for EVs. The results show that a mixture of short and long term policies are needed that take into account the technology development stage and behavioural aspects of EV adopters. Paper II addresses the need to include the high voltage transmission grid and its planning procedures as a central part of debates on transitions. Therefore the opportunities, challenges and reasons for conflict in the established regime are studied. The results show that in order to achieve a sustainable grid development regime, it is necessary to spend time on achieving legitimacy and social sustainability. The third paper uses semi-structured expert interviews and focuses on innovation dynamics for EV adoption. By focusing on dynamics instead of single policy measures, it is possible to grasp interactions within a niche, but also in between a niche, regime and landscape. The results show that strong initial technology legitimacy was needed to start substantial innovation dynamics. This could be further strengthened with a strong and broad coalition of actors. Both those factors led, if present, to an improved variety and match of policy instruments.

    As such this thesis has shown that transitions are not just about technology or policy instruments as such but about the dynamics and processes needed to enable them. This can be relevant in other transitions that otherwise may underestimate the importance of these components.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 20.
    Albrecht, Martin
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, Miljöstrategisk analys (fms).
    Nordic power road map 2050: Strategic choices towards carbon neutrality. D4.1.R Institutional grid review.2013Rapport (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 21.
    Albrecht, Martin
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, Miljöstrategisk analys (fms).
    System innovation dynamics around electric vehicles. The cases of Norway, Denmark and Sweden.Manuskript (preprint) (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper focuses on the comparison of electric car innovation patterns in Norway, Sweden and Denmark. Doing so, it takes a closer look at what the most essential dynamics in the systems were over time and what enabled those dynamics. The main research aim is to contribute to a wider understanding of why Norway is so much ahead of Sweden and Denmark in electric car adoption. The purpose is also to adopt a perspective that goes beyond a mere focus on economic policy instruments. In order to do so different theory elements are combined in a framework. These elements stem from the transition theory literature field, especially the technological innovation system (TIS) and the multi-level perspective (MLP). This combination allows analysing the development behind a dynamic, not just when it comes to an innovation itself but also with regards to the established regime. The data is gathered through analysis of existing documents and data as well as a series of 27 expert interviews conducted in the three case countries. The findings suggest that there are important differences in transition patterns that can account for the electric vehicle (EV) diffusion situation we can find nowadays in the three Nordic countries. An important stepping stone was the need for a very strong legitimacy of the original EV vision that is also anchored in a coordinated, sector overarching coalition of actors that thinks strategically and long term. Moreover some general beneficial dynamics could be identified across the countries in question. In Norway these beneficial dynamics can be summarised as a systems motor, in Denmark as a failed entrepreneurial motor that shifted towards a constrained municipal motor and in Sweden as a loosely, coordinated and weaker version of a systems motor.

  • 22.
    Albrecht, Martin
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, Miljöstrategisk analys (fms).
    Nilsson, Måns
    Åkerman, Jonas
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, Miljöstrategisk analys (fms).
    Nordic power road map 2050:Strategic choices towards carbon neutrality. D4.2.R Policy and Institutional Review Electric Vehicles (EV).2012Rapport (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    This report examines policy drivers of electric vehicles (EVs), and what potential role policy can play in enhancing the innovation and market development of EVs. We start with a policy review of key targets in the Nordic countries and the EU, up to 2030, and discuss to what extent they are consistent with industry, government and expert estimates of how the EV innovation systems can grow. On the basis of this, the second part examines what policy drivers might be needed to enable a breakthrough scenario, using a technological innovation systems (TIS) perspective to describe the needed processes, drivers and developments in policy and technology.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 23.
    Alexandersson, Gabriella
    KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), Industriell ekologi.
    Treatment of Waste Water from Coke Production Feasibility Study of Huaxi Jiohua Ltd, Wuhai,2007Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 poäng / 30 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    China is the most populous country in the world and has an increasing economy. A growingeconomy enhances the electricity requirement, product demands and so on, which affects both the surrounding environment but also the global environment.Wuhai is an industrial city and the most polluted city in Inner Mongolia, China. Numerous amounts of the industries are lacking in the emission treatment and the PM10 is more then 10 times the allowed amount of European Union.This master thesis is a part of a bigger project, a corporation between IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute Ltd and Environmental Protection Bureau in Wuhai.The Coke Company Huaxi Jiohua Ltd. was founded 1992, and has a producing capability of300.000 tons coke per year. The treatment station is a model of an ASP, without a sludge recycling and a sludge thickener instead of sedimentation basin. The treatment efficiency is failing in phenol removal.The aim of this thesis is to perform a feasible study of the wastewater treatment methods foran improvement of the separation of pollutions in coke wastewater and to give a proposal forimprovement of energy efficiency from wastewater treatment.Treatment efficiency of methods such as A2/O, A/O, SBR, and ASP was taken inconsideration.Due to the lack of basic treatment, a first suggestion is to optimize the biological parameters,and introduce sludge recycling to the system together with either a following sedimentationpool or a MBBR as a pre-treatment step.To gain energy from the wastewater treatment station, a replacing of the current aerator system in the aeration unit to fine bubble diffusers and introduce a heat exchanger in the cooling of gas step could be done.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 24.
    Allobergenova, Inobat
    KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), Industriell ekologi.
    Anaerobic fermentation of organic waste from juice plant in Uzbekistan2006Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 poäng / 30 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    This Master Thesis work was done at the Master’s Programme in SustainableTechnology at the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) in study period 2005-2006.The aim of this Thesis work was to analyze if fermentation process is a proper methodfor processing organic waste from juice production process and if so to design a fermentationprocess of organic waste from juice plants in Uzbekistan taking into account the economical,environmental and technical aspects.In this report apple juice producing process and organic waste from juice productionin Uzbekistan were overviewed. Two juice processing plants of Uzbekistan “Bagat-Sharbat”and “Meva” and their generated organic waste were overviewed.Also different treatment methods of organic waste and their advantages anddisadvantages were analyzed and compared with anaerobic fermentation process. The studiedorganic waste management methods are animal feeding, incineration, direct land spreading,land filling, composting and anaerobic fermentation. Anaerobic fermentation of organic wastegenerated from fruit juice production was studied.Suggestions and recommendations were done to implement organic wastemanagement for fruit juice industry in Uzbekistan according to studies and calculations.Advantages and disadvantages of different waste management methods are discussedand compared with anaerobic fermentation. Economical and environmental calculations ofanaerobic fermentation process were done. Different biogas plant types all over the world andtheir construction costs were studied and compared. According to studies and calculationsseveral suggestions and recommendations are made.By studying and comparing different waste treatment methods with anaerobic digestion oforganic waste from juice plants following conclusions are made:

    The benefits of the biogas plant on the fruit juice plant:

    • Solution of the organic waste-disposal problems

    • Reduction of obnoxious smells from the organic wastes

    • Own, stable, self-sufficient energy production (heat, steam and electricity)

    • Cheap energy, which yields financial savings in the longer term.

    • Possibility of selling energy or biogas surplus - a source of extra income forthe plant.

    • Production of high-volume fertiliser that carries a higher content of nitrogen(15% or more) than artificial fertilisers, and that does not burn the crops, asuntreated slurry can do. This reduces the need for expensive artificialfertilisers. By selling this natural fertiliser additional income for the plant canbe obtained.

    Local benefits:

    • Better control of the waste from fruit juice processing organic waste meansless pollution of local environment and water sources.

    • Removal of chemical fertilisers from the fields and recirculation of nutrients.

    • Local power plants contribute to creating permanent local jobs in the area.

    On a global additional, replacing fossil fuels to biogas reduces emissions of CO2. Atthe same time, the emission of methane, a greenhouse gas that is 20 times more aggressivethan CO2 is reduced due to controlled anaerobic digestion.

     

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 25.
    Ambell, Christine
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), Industriell ekologi.
    Xu, Yixuan
    KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), Industriell ekologi.
    Waste of Opportunities - A Holistic Study of the Current Situation of Municipal Waste Management in Shandong Province, China2009Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 poäng / 30 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    China’s growth and development have opened the door to a new world. Shandong province’s 90 million inhabitants are entering into a consumption society and the waste stream from households, restaurants and commercials has become a challenge. So far, the waste has mostly been burned in backyards, thrown into rivers, put on open dumps or taken to landfills. The environmental consequence is strong. This study was carried out in Shandong province and presents the current situation of the municipal waste management. The result of the study is organised into social, economical, technical and environmental parameters. It mostly covers the years 2006 to 2010. In the discussion, the strength, weakness, opportunities, and threats to the management are analysed, which gives an overview of the complex situation.

    The final conclusion is that there are a lot of opportunities in developing municipal solid waste management in Shandong province since the work and planning is new and economy is good. Threats are for example a larger waste stream. The municipal waste management has some strengths, such as a lot of projects going on, but also a lot of weakness for instance implementation of the regulations and laws.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    christine_ambell_yixuan-xu
  • 26.
    An, Jihyun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik.
    Feminist Futures: Futures studies through the lens of feminist epistemologies2017Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 poäng / 30 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    This study explores how futures studies could engage with critical feminist perspectives in an intrinsic manner and what feminist futures might mean. The study brings attention to the less discussed subject of epistemological basis in futures studies. Literature study and semi-structured interviews with practitioners and researchers working with feminist approaches in the fields related to futures development was deployed. I’ve analyzed Wendell Bell’s discussion on epistemological foundation of futures studies from feminist epistemological perspective, and have suggested the potential of feminist epistemology of situated knowledges and partial objectivity for futures studies. Based on the findings from the semi-structured interviews, an alternative feminist scenario set in Swedish society in the year of 2050 in the format of a fiction is presented with the aim to provide a detailed and situated narrative of political and daily lives in feminist futures. The feminist futures scenario should not be understood as the singular feminist future suggested for implementation. The intention is to demonstrate how the visionary dimensions of feminist studies could be articulated in various forms of futures studies, and to open up space for rich debates on envisioning feminist futures. 

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 27.
    An, Jihyun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik.
    Feminist Futures: Futures studies through the lens of feminist epistemologies2017Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 poäng / 30 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    This study explores how futures studies could engage with critical feminist perspectives in an intrinsic manner and what feminist futures might mean. The study brings attention to the less discussed subject of epistemological basis in futures studies. Literature study and semi-structured interviews with practitioners and researchers working with feminist approaches in the fields related to futures development was deployed. I’ve analyzed Wendell Bell’s discussion on epistemological foundation of futures studies from feminist epistemological perspective, and have suggested the potential of feminist epistemology of situated knowledges and partial objectivity for futures studies. Based on the findings from the semi-structured interviews, an alternative feminist scenario set in Swedish society in the year of 2050 in the format of a fiction is presented with the aim to provide a detailed and situated narrative of political and daily lives in feminist futures. The feminist futures scenario should not be understood as the singular feminist future suggested for implementation. The intention is to demonstrate how the visionary dimensions of feminist studies could be articulated in various forms of futures studies, and to open up space for rich debates on envisioning feminist futures. 

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    AN_JIHYUN_FEMINIST FUTURES
  • 28.
    Anbratt, Sara
    KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), Industriell ekologi.
    Miljörevisionsmanual för byggprojekt2000Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 poäng / 30 hpOppgave
    Abstract [sv]

    Intresset samt kunskaperna inom miljöområdet ökar hos allmänheten, vilket leder till ett ökat tryck på företagen att genomföra miljöförbättrande åtgärder. Miljöanpassade produkter och alternativ efterfrågas allt oftare. För trots att det finns lagar som reglerar verksamheten inom byggbranschen, så krävs det även att aktörerna inom branschen och allmänheten ställer miljökrav för att förändringar ska ske. Det är inte tillräckligt för företag att enbart uppfylla de miljökrav som ställs i lagar, eftersom nya kunskaper inom miljöområdet tillkommer i snabbare takt än lagförändringar sker. Så för att förändringar ska ske i rätt riktning bör byggherren eller beställaren ställa rätt miljökrav på entreprenörer och konsulter, men även följa upp kraven, för ett lyckat resultat. I denna uppsats har byggföretagens miljöarbete undersökts, avseende deras miljöledningssystem, miljökrav, anbudsvärderingssystem, kravuppföljning samt användandet av interna miljöordlistor.

    Syftet med undersökningen är att den ska fungera som en nulägesbeskrivning av företagens miljöarbete för att med denna bakgrund komma fram till en miljörevisionsmanual. Miljörevisionsmanualen är tänkt att fungera vid miljörevisioner i byggprojekt, och för att kunna ställa de rätta frågorna under revisionen, är det en nödvändighet att veta hur långt företagen kommit med sitt miljöarbete. Genom att undersöka huruvida företagen har någon intern miljöordlista samt möjligheten att ta del av dem har medfört att miljöordsdefinitioner kunnat sammanställas. Dessvärre har inte någon slutlig branschgemensam miljöordlista kunnat tas fram, eftersom detta skulle krävt ytterligare tid.

    I undersökningen framkom att alla intervjuade företag använde sig av ett eller var i färd med att ta fram ett miljöledningssystem. Endast ett fåtal av företagen var dock certifierade enligt ISO 14001. Ett flertal av företagen planerade att certifiera sig inom de närmsta åren. Orsaker som angavs till att inte certifiera sig var exempelvis att företagen ansåg att det är tillräckligt att arbeta enligt ISO 14000 standarden. Det ställs heller ännu så länge inga absoluta skall-krav på miljöledningssystem vid upphandling. Ett sådant miljökrav är svårt att ställa så länge det endast finns ett fåtal certifierade företag. Vilket i sin tur medför att företagen inte känner någon brådska med att certifiera sig. De flesta av företagen redovisar sitt miljöarbete offentligt i så kallade miljöredovisningar, som ofta finns tillgängliga i både pappersformat, samt på företagens hemsidor. Vad som framkom avseende miljökrav var att de flesta företagen angav att de ställde miljökrav. Ett antal av dessa följer även upp miljökraven vid anbudsvärderingen. Ett flertal svarade dock att priset fortfarande väger tyngst vid anbudsvärdering. Generellt kan sägas att de stora företagen har kommit längst, vad gäller infogande av miljöaspekter i värderingssystemen. Även om det finns undantag. Värderingssystemen är för övrigt det område som i framtiden kommer att vara det mest resurskrävande.

    Flera av företagen anser det vara svårt att följa upp miljökraven, eftersom det saknas resurser för det. De flesta av företagen anger dock att de har någon form av uppföljning. Några använder sig av miljörevisioner och andra företag har slutbesiktning. De flesta som angett att de använder sig av miljörevisioner har ännu inte gjort det i någon större utsträckning. Det finns även en åtskillnad mellan stora och små projekt. Uppföljningen verkar vara bättre på de stora projekten. Det tycks inte vara lika viktigt att följa upp eller att ens ställa miljökrav i mindre projekt. Att tillämpa sanktioner vid ej uppfyllda miljökrav verkar vara svårt eftersom endast ett fåtal av företagen har några sanktioner att tillämpa. Dessa sanktioner består vanligen av viten eller innehållande av betalning, men de har sällan eller aldrig tillämpats.

    Undersökningen av företagens existerande miljöarbete fungerade som underlag vidframtagandet av miljörevisionsmanualen för byggprojekt. Manualen består av tvådelar, där den första innehåller råd om hur revisionen ska genomföras. Råden består avinstruktioner till förberedelser, själva revisionen samt efterarbetet. Den andra delen avmanualen består av själva revisionsfrågorna som är indelade i 13 områden:

    • Byggarbetsplatsen

    • Byggvaror och material

    • Maskiner och fordon

    • Transport

    • Utsläpp till luft, buller och vibrationer

    • Kemiska produkter/farligt avfall

    • Avfall• Vatten

    • Nödlägesberedskap

    • Personal

    • Uppföljning/rapportering

    • Leverantörer

    • Underentreprenörer

  • 29. Andersen, T. C. K.
    et al.
    Aagaard, A.
    Magnusson, Mats
    KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), Integrerad produktutveckling.
    Exploring business model innovation in SMEs in a digital context: Organizing search behaviours, experimentation and decision-making2022Inngår i: Creativity and Innovation Management, ISSN 0963-1690, E-ISSN 1467-8691, Vol. 31, nr 1, s. 19-34Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    In today's business environment, digitalization plays a key role in establishing competitive advantage and developing new business models. However, little is known about business model innovation (BMI) processes and practices of small and medium-sized enterprise (SMEs) in their digital venturing. Thus, the aim of this paper is to address this research gap by investigating the process activities of SMEs in effectively building new business models through digitalization. Through a case study of 18 SMEs, document studies and 36 interviews, we explore the BMI processes during the case companies' digital transformation. The research results identify four critical BMI process activities: (1) assessing the environment in search of new opportunities, (2) conveying a sense of urgency, (3) exploring and testing new opportunities through experimentation and (4) handling decision-making with a combination of intuition and data. Finally, our study reveals managerial implications related to data-driven decision-making during BMI, constituting four managerial dilemmas: (1) prognosis and scenario-driven search myopia, (2) timing and sustainability, (3) radical shift from traditional experimentation to data-based methods and (4) using intuition versus data-driven decision-making. 

  • 30.
    Andersson, Emilia
    KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), Industriell ekologi.
    GIS as a method for handling environmental data from Antarctica2007Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 poäng / 30 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    The Swedish Polar Research Secretariat wants to compile all data from the Swedishenvironmental monitoring programme in Antarctica and present it using a Geographical Information System, GIS, in order to get a better follow-up on performed activities. The assignment of this master’s thesis has been to build a database containing geographic information for the areas around the Swedish research stations Wasa and Svea in Dronning Maud Land. The geodatabase will serve as a platform for future GIS-applications used by theSwedish Polar Research Secretariat.The work is divided into three parts, project planning, project development and an analysis. Apart of the project planning consisted of a survey of the environmental monitoring programmeand the existing data. A number of shortcomings in the existing data were discovered duringthe survey, it was therefore decided to amend the environmental monitoring programme andupdate the data handling methods in order to get better-suited data to use in a GIS.The choice of GIS-software fell on ArcGIS ArcView 9.2 from ESRI and data from theAntarctic Digital Database was used as a basemap. Additional data from the Antarctic DigitalDatabase was used in order to build the database. A file geodatabase structure was chosen which consists of a number of feature datasets containing all the geographical information.An analysis and a discussion about the existing monitoring programme have been performed and proposals on how to improve the monitoring programme have been presented.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 31.
    Andersson, Henrik
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Transporter och samhällsekonomi.
    Perception of Own Death Risk: A Reassessment of Road-Traffic Mortality Risk2008Rapport (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    This study examines individuals' perception of their own road-mortality risk. Swedish data on respondents' subjective risk beliefs is used and compared with objective risk estimates. The objective risk is defined as the risk of the respondent's own age and gender group, and it is found that low and high risk groups over- and underassess their risk levels, respectively. This study replicates the analysis used by Andersson and Lundborg (2007) and the pattern of over- and underassessment found confirms their findings. As in their study, risk beliefs are updated in line with the Bayesian learning model, a relationship not statistically significant in this study, though. Regarding results of individual characteristics and risk beliefs in both studies, whereas, e.g., gender effects are robust, other results suggest a weak relationship between the perception of own road-mortality risk and individual characteristics.

  • 32.
    Andersson, Henrik
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Transporter och samhällsekonomi.
    Private and Public WTP for Safety: A Validity Test2007Rapport (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    To elicit an affected population's preferences for, e.g., better health or environment stated preference (SP) methods are often used. SP methods are based on hypothetical market settings which necessitates validity tests of the results. This study describes a validity test on the basis of theoretical predictions and empirical findings for private and public safety measures. According to the test, public willingness to pay (WTP) should exceed private WTP.

  • 33.
    Andersson, Jonas E
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Arkitektur, Arkitektonisk gestaltning.
    Kulturmiljövärden i besluts- och planeringsprocesser: Röster om kompensation som styrmedel mellan bevarande och förändring2014Inngår i: Artikkel, forskningsoversikt (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [sv]

    Kommunala besluts- och planeringsprocesser omfattar till olika grad särskilda åtgärder (kompensation), som syftar till att moderera konsekvenserna av en föreslagen förändring på befintliga värden i kultur- eller naturmiljö. Förutom det etablerade samrådsförfarandet, som beskrivs i Plan- och Bygglagen, PBL (SFS 2010:900), aktiveras två andra lagrum, dels Kulturmiljölagen, KML (SFS1988:950), som värnar värden i kulturmiljöer, dels Miljöbalken, MB (SFS1998:808), som skyddar värden i naturmiljöer. Medan PBL och KML hanterar kulturmiljövärden under allmänna skrivningar om hänsyn och varsamhet i förhållande till omgivande bebyggelse, innehåller MB tydliga föreskrifter att påtagliga skador på riksintressanta kultur- och naturmiljövärden ska balanseras genom kompensatoriska strategier. Denna obalans skapar en otydlighet i hanteringen av kulturmiljövärden i kommunala besluts- och planeringsprocesser.

         Inom ramen för ett forskningsprojekt kring begreppen kompensation och styrmedel, finansierat under 2014 av Riksantikvarieämbetet, RÄA, inbjöds sju planerare med erfarenhet av kommunal planering till en workshop för att diskutera begreppens innebörd närmare. Workshoppen genomfördes på Arkitekturskolan, KTH, och i diskussionen deltog även åtta deltagare, knutna till forskningsprojektet. Deltagarnas professionella bakgrund var en form av en arkitektkompetens: 4 deltagare var utbildade till arkitekt med specialisering på hus- eller stadsbyggnad, 2 landskapsarkitekter, 1ingenjör, 2 deltagare var arkeologer samt 1 bebyggelseantikvarie. Fem deltagare hade forskarkompetens inom arkeologi, arkitektur och samhällsplanering. Syftet med workshoppen var att diskutera praktikens förståelse av begreppen i olika kommunal besluts- och planeringsprocesser. Som ett pedagogiskt exempel användes besluts- och planeringsprocessen för åren 2009-2013 kring Ångfärjestationen i Helsingborg, belägen i Stortorgets förlängning och med utsikt över sundet. Kompensation och styrmedel diskuterades under 5 timmar i två olika sammanhang, dels deltagarnas egna tidigare erfarenheter av sådana kompensatoriska åtgärder, dels speglat genom den utvalda skånska fallstudien.

         Workshoppen ger underlag för fem huvudsakliga slutsatser kring kompensation och styrmedel i samband med kulturmiljövärde i kommunala besluts- och planeringsprocesser: (1) Begreppen är beroende av ett sammanhang, en kontext, för att bli användbara och operationella. (2) Kompensation och styrmedel är mindre kända i förhållande till besluts- och planeringsprocesser, som handlar om ingrepp i bebyggelsemiljöer med kulturmiljövärden. (3) Kompensation och styrmedel avseende kulturmiljö behöver skräddarsys genom ett scenariotänkande, som lyfter fram konsekvenser av att anpassa eller bevara kulturmiljövärden i en förändringssituation. (4) Kompensation och styrmedel hänger samman med en problematik som måste bearbetas från de tidigaste skedena av en kommunal besluts- och planeringsprocess. (5) Kompensation sträcker sig från att vara rena ekonomiska transaktioner för förlust av värden till sin enklaste form, till att bli kompensatoriska styrmedel, som detaljerar användning och utformning av bebyggelse inom en intressant kulturmiljö på en övergripande nivå. 

  • 34.
    Andersson, Jonas E
    et al.
    Myndigheten för delaktighet/ Swedish Agency for Participation.
    Axelson, von, Hans
    Lindén, Arvid
    Skehan, Terry
    Equalization and Participation for All: Swedish Disability Policy at a Crossroads2016Inngår i: Universal Design 2016:: +Learning from the Past, Designing for the Future / [ed] Helen Petrie, Jenny Darzentas, Tanja Walsh, David Swallow, Leonardo Sandoval, Andrew Lewis, Christopher Power, IOS Press, 2016, 1Kapittel i bok, del av antologi (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The political line in Swedish disability policy advocates the use of generalized solutions in order to fit potential needs of the largest possible group of people and, where needed, special solutions to bridge the remaining gap between the generalized level of accessibility and additional individual needs. This is referred to as the disability perspective (DP). The DP has embraced two tracks: one that pertains to generalized solutions that promote an overall high level of accessibility and usability, and another one that pertains to different types of individual support for people with disabilities. The present study is a self-reflective inquiry on key issues for the development of future disability policies. Five experts entered a discussion about the pros and cons concerning the DP. This confirmed or refuted assumptions, dilemmas, themes as well as reoccurring patterns in the political viva voce procedure that has formed the contemporary disability policy. Over the course of time, the experts believed that the DP had nurtured a belief that there is a dichotomy. This may have created an imbalance in the relation between the DP and policies such as those concerning healthcare and social care. With a clearer focus on interdependence, the experts saw synergies between needs for assistive technology, assistive products and the requirements for the built environment.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 35.
    Andersson, Jonas E
    et al.
    Myndigheten for delaktighet/ Swedish Agency for Participation (MFD) .
    Skehan, Terry
    Balke, Ola
    Dissecting strategies for creating inclusive societies in twelve western countries: Going beyond accessibility concepts and achieving universal usability2016Inngår i: Inclusion, Participation and Human Rights in Disability Research - comparisons and exchanges: Inclusion, Participation and Human Rights in Disability Research - comparisons and exchanges, ALTER European Society for Disability Research , 2016, Vol. 1, s. 7-Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Since the mid-1960s, the concept of accessibility has evolved into a key notion for making modern welfare society inclusive for large groups of people regardless of their potential cognitive and functional abilities. In the beginning, the concept primarily targeted physical requirements for the built environment (e.g. floor level, spatial configuration, illumination, and signage). In the evolution of the concept in Sweden, accessibility has achieved both secondary and tertiary complementary meanings that refer to strategies for dismantling obsolete attitudes about people with disabilities and for ensuring that artefacts and media are useable by users with a diverse range of abilities, limitations and characteristics. By the end of the 20th century, many countries used accessibility or similar concepts (e.g. access, barrier-free design, design for all, inclusive design, accessible design) in creating inclusive welfare societies. In 2006, the UN Convention Rights for People with Disabilities (CRPD) associated universal design thinking (UD) to this quest. This paper presents findings from a study on the implementation of accessibility and universal design and similar concepts in twelve countries in three geo-economical spheres. The research material was assembled by key word searches, interviews and questionnaires. Swedish conditions were used as a matrix for creating comparative analyses. The result suggested that national strategies for promoting accessibility and universal design depended upon the chronical debut and the cultural context. From a Swedish perspective, at least three possible avenues for further development of the concept of accessibility for the 21st century are identified: definition of conceptual theorems, collection of exemplary models and practices, as well as increased use of ICT. We propose to host a session in which 2-3 experts from the countries studied discuss and analyse the conclusions of the study, and give further insights into the realisation of an inclusive welfare state with full potential for participation regardless of age and disabilities.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 36.
    Andersson, Jonas E
    et al.
    Myndigheten för Delaktighet/ Swedish Agency for Participation.
    Skehan, Terry
    Rydén, Monica
    Lagerkrans, Elisabeth
    Shopping with Acquired Brain Injuries: Coping Strategies and Maslowian Principles2016Inngår i: Universal Design 2016:: Learning from the Past, Designing for the Future / [ed] Helen Petrie, Jenny Darzentas, Tanja Walsh, David Swallow, Leonardo Sandoval, Andrew Lewis, Christopher Power, IOS Press, 2016, 1Kapittel i bok, del av antologi (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    A positive outcome of the modern welfare state is prolonged life expectancy. In Sweden, the expected life span has increased with approximatively 25 years during the 20th century [Statistics Sweden]. However, ageing is associated with an increased risk for acquiring cognitive and physical disabilities. This study is based on anonymized interviews with groups of older persons who experience cognitive problems and relatives. The interviewees were asked about everyday activities like shopping groceries, clothes or other necessities. The interviewees identified problems and described a series of strategies for coping. This paper uses fictionalized characters to present problems and coping strategies that the interviewees use to overcome cognitive challenges when shopping groceries. The strategies range from complete withdrawal, an increased dependency on proxies to the development of elaborate techniques to mask their problem and obtain assistance. Following the current trend in the design of the Swedish sales environment – large scale, abundance of goods and Maslowian strategies for making people stay longer (and spend more money) – accessibility in the built environment is often an absent friend.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 37.
    Annosi, Maria Carmela
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), Integrerad produktutveckling.
    FOSS, Nicolai J
    Martini, Antonella
    Magnusson, Mats
    KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), Integrerad produktutveckling.
    A Multilevel Framework for Organizational Learning in Self-Managed Team Organizations: an abductive micro-foundations studyManuskript (preprint) (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    Drawing on the social cognitive learning perspective, this study advances a multilevel theory of organizational learning for team-based organizations, which integrates principles of cognition and motivation through team-level self-regulation mechanisms. We highlight and unpack these mechanisms, which have long been treated as black boxes in organizational learning research. We describe them using an empirical case from a multinational company, and we reveal their potential to affect motivation and socio-cognitive functions in self-managing teams. We also clarify the complexity of their relationships through a set of propositions and provide a definition of the team-level self-regulation mechanisms constructs.

  • 38.
    Annosi, Maria Carmela
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), Integrerad produktutveckling.
    Hemphälä, Jens
    KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), Integrerad produktutveckling.
    Magnusson, Mats
    KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), Integrerad produktutveckling.
    Martini, Antonella
    Peonia, Laura
    The dual control systems of agile teams: exploring knowledge management issues2014Inngår i: IFKAD 2014: 9th International Forum on Knowledge Asset Dynamics, 2014, s. 1907-1931Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose - This paper aims to contribute to the exploration of micro-foundations for innovation in autonomous team-based firms. It describes how different types of management control systems influence the innovation performance of teams through an extensive field study of a large scale agile implementation. It reveals the moderating role played by different kinds of managerial control systems and by perceived time pressure on teams in the relationship between a team's absorptive capacity and its innovation performance. Design/methodology/approach - A total of 44 individual semi-structured interviews were used to collect data over three separate data collection stages conducted from August to November 2013. All data were triangulated with the qualitative content analysis results of free comments from 121 people, covering different agile roles in the same organizations as above, and embedded in a survey performed in August 2013. Due to the complexity of the topic and the lack of prior studies investigating the effect of agile implementation on team learning and innovation capabilities, an abductive research approach (Peirce, 1931) was selected as a suitable method. Originality/value - The empirical results indicate that a team's beliefs on the importance of learning strongly influence its self-regulated learning behaviours. They represent the configuration of AC meta-routines underlying the concept of absorptive capacity (Lewin et al., 2011) at the team-level, conducive to teams' exploration activities. Moreover, the antecedents for a team's exploitative and exploratory innovation activities are presented and two types of managerial controls for driving exploitative innovation activities are identified. Additionally, team-level absorptive capacity was analysed, since it is a less explored, but important construct, leading to a team's exploitative product innovation. Practical implications - This study's findings have a number of implications for practice. The results imply that autonomous team-based organizations may be better off not using one single standard control system to manage all their teams. In fact, beyond securing a team's access to knowledge, management needs to provide teams with differentiated means to develop necessary competencies and capacities for understanding, assimilating and using the knowledge they retrieve. In addition, management should influence a team's beliefs by valuing the tasks requiring innovation and transmitting sustainable values to teams through their mission and vision statements.

  • 39.
    Arekrans, Johan
    KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), Maskinkonstruktion.
    Circling the Squares: Radical Innovation and Management Control Systems in the Circular Economy2023Doktoravhandling, med artikler (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    An economic system built upon the sale of tangible goods produced using finite resources is inherently unsustainable. The idea of a Circular Economy (CE) as a viable pathway to sustainability has gained considerable attention from academia, policymakers, and the business community. The CE builds on a new logic in the business environment in which industrial firms operate that requires substantial changes. We face a significant knowledge gap concerning how firms internally manage the implementation and adoption of CE. Filling in this knowledge gap is critical to understanding how to implement CE at large and established firms with a considerable history of a linear logic, which are known to favor incremental improvements to existing business opportunities over radical innovation.

    This thesis aims to delve into the managerial challenges that large, established industrial firms encounter when implementing CE principles, and how they address these challenges, particularly through managerial controls. Additionally, it aims to provide insights into how management can facilitate radical circular innovation and support the circular transformation of incumbent firms. To accomplish this aim, existing knowledge on barriers to CE has been synthesized through a systematic literature mapping and a systematic literature review. Next, interviews (n=68) at five large and established industrial firms provide empirical insights concerning the implementation and adoption of CE principles. In addition to the four appended papers, this comprehensive summary theorizes about the empirical findings using literature on radical innovation, sensemaking, and managerial controls. 

    Building on the empirical papers, this analysis sheds light on two distinct patterns in how managers frame CE: incremental framing versus radical framing. It is argued that this has considerable consequences concerning with respect to ambitions, operationalization, and the means used to achieve a CE. In addition, the thesis theorizes about the relationship between the management control systems and the prevailing framings of CE. Based on an understanding of this relationship and the tensions and conflicts associated with the different framings, it is argued that managerial controls can act both as barriers to and enablers of CE adoption at incumbent firms. In addition to the practical and theoretical implications of this finding, the thesis pinpoints limitations and assumptions concerning managerial control systems in relation to CE and propose new avenues in light of this. 

    Finally, the analysis is synthesized into an integrative framework that differentiates three different modes of organizational behaviors within the context of CE transitions: optimizing, transforming, and systems building. This framework integrates the theoretical foundations of the thesis, acknowledges the identified issues, and offers actionable implications for researchers and practitioners.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    Summary
  • 40.
    Arekrans, Johan
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), Integrerad produktutveckling.
    Ritzén, Sofia
    KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), Integrerad produktutveckling.
    Laurenti, Rafael
    KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), Integrerad produktutveckling.
    Sopjani, Liridona
    KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), Integrerad produktutveckling.
    Analysis of Innovation Management Issues in Barriers to Circular Economy2019Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The current linear system of extract-produce-consume-dispose poses considerable challenges for achieving sustainability goals and will eventually lead to the depletion of non-renewable natural resources. Circular Economy (CE) is promoted as a possible sustainable way forward. The suggested transition questions society at large and the business-as-usual of existing firms in particular.

    Barriers to CE implementation have become a growing stream of literature across several sectors and relating to different levels of society. However, this emerging stream of research and how it handles issues of management appears not to be helpful to managers and organizations. This study is, therefore, a systematic review of the current state-of art of circular economy barriers where we scrutinize issues related to management. Attention is brought to matters concerning innovation in management, in particular, business model innovation and innovation ecosystems. 

    Our findings suggest that these topics are indeed indicated as important in the CE literature, yet in very diverse ways depending on the studied case. Implications for future studies within CE are drawn, with suggested point of departure in innovation management topics.

  • 41.
    Arekrans, Johan
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), Integrerad produktutveckling.
    Sopjani, Liridona
    KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), Integrerad produktutveckling.
    Laurenti, Rafael
    KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), Integrerad produktutveckling. Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Science, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N.L., México, 64849.
    Ritzén, Sofia
    KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), Integrerad produktutveckling.
    Barriers to access-based consumption in the circular transition: A systematic review2022Inngår i: Resources, Conservation and Recycling, ISSN 0921-3449, E-ISSN 1879-0658, Vol. 184, artikkel-id 106364Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Barriers to access-based consumption (ABC) have been extensively studied in different strands of literature. However, cumulative knowledge is not organized to date, and a comprehensive overview of barriers identified by empirical studies in diverse strands is lacking. Such a picture is essential for laying the ground for further change-oriented research and actual changes in practice. This article reports on the results of a systematic review on barriers to transitioning from ownership- to access-based consumption. The review focuses on the literature strands product-service systems, circular economy, sharing economy, and collaborative consumption. Through open and axial coding of 289 barriers reported in 45 empirical studies, we found 17 themes of barriers concerning consumers, business, and society. The analysis of the barriers reveals four significant insights important for the research and practitioner community:

    1. the overall experience of ABC and trust mechanisms need to be better understood;
    2. organizational aspects in traditional business need a system change;
    3. regulation plays a fundamental role in making ABC work for business, society, and sustainability; and
    4. sharing risks and experimentation for new learnings are necessary.

    These four major insights suggest that consumers need business and government to offer enabling conditions for ABC – spanning from raising awareness and understanding to improving user experience. Furthermore, businesses need governments to create the necessary structures to support ABC offerings – from decreasing risks to increasing incentives. How and which mechanisms can further facilitate circular behaviors is a salient topic for future investigations.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    arekrans-et-al-2022-ABC-barriers
  • 42.
    Armiero, Marco
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Filosofi och historia, Historiska studier av teknik, vetenskap och miljö.
    Dawson, Ashley
    Turhan, Ethemcan
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Filosofi och historia, Historiska studier av teknik, vetenskap och miljö.
    The Poor, the Rich and the Immigrant2018Annet (Annet (populærvitenskap, debatt, mm))
  • 43.
    Armyr, Linda Augusta
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Samhällsplanering och miljö, Miljöstrategisk analys.
    Certifiering och marknadsföring av hållbar stadsutveckling: så hanteras vattenkontakt och delaktighet när Stockholm och Minneapolis bygger hållbart2012Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 20 poäng / 30 hpOppgave
    Abstract [sv]

    Detta examensarbete handlar om hållbara stadsdelar. För att definiera och befästa hållbarheten hos stadsdelar används idag checklistor, certifieringar och marknadsföring. Certifieringar och checklistor används som verktyg i planprocessen och specificerar på vilka grunder stadsdelen kallas ”hållbar”. En certifiering är också en signal utåt för att förmedla en trovärdig miljö- och hållbarhetsmärkning. Idag finns få certifierade stadsdelar, men desto fler stadsutvecklingsprojekt som marknadsför sig som hållbara eller med element av hållbarhet. Marknadsföring fångar upp, utvecklar och kommunicerar positiva värden. Marknadsföring och kommunikation av ”hållbara” stadsutvecklingsprojekt visar på en eftersträvansvärd bild av morgondagens stad, och kan därför betraktas som ett normativt framtidsscenario. Men hur ser detta scenario ut, och vad har det för likheter med den stadsutveckling som definieras av kriterier för att certifiera en stad som hållbar?

    För att besvara frågeställningen används teori kring hållbarhetsbegreppet, framtidsstudier, marknadsföring, samt kunskapsutnyttjande och delaktighet. I arbetet presenteras en jämförelse mellan innehållet i certifieringssystemet BREEAM Communities, en checklista för hållbarstadsutveckling från konsultföretaget WSP och marknadsföringsmaterial från fallstudier i Stockholm. Eftersom certifiering, checklista och marknadsföring innehåller många hållbarhetsaspekter görs en avgränsning till områdena vattenkontakt och delaktighet. Vattenkontakt innefattar både ekologiska värden och tillgänglighetsaspekter kopplat till vattennära bebyggelse. Delaktighet syftar på medborgardeltagande och vilka kunskaper och därmed normer som kommer till tals i stadsutvecklingsprocessen. För att ge ytterligare perspektiv till diskussionen gjordes även en jämförelse med hur Minneapolis arbetar med vattenkontakt och delaktighet. Intervjuer genomfördes i både Stockholm och Minneapolis om svårigheter i att mäta hållbarhet och fördelar med en certifiering.

    Jämförelsen ger att de flesta aspekter som marknadsförs i fallstudierna, inom avgränsningen delaktighet och vattenkontakt, återfinns i BREEAM Communities och i WSP:s checklista. Undantagen som marknadsförs men inte återfinns i verktygen är utbildningar och nyutveckling av externa samarbeten och transportinfrastruktur. Certifieringssystemet och checklistan innehåller dessutom några ytterligare punkter rörande markanvändning och ekologiska aspekter vilka inte har återfunnits i marknadsföringsmaterialet. Huvudfrågeställningens genomförbarhet diskuteras, liksom svårigheterna med att certifiera kopplat till mätbarhet och vad en certifiering kan bidra med till hållbar stadsutveckling.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    Linda_Armyr_SUPD_Exjobb
  • 44.
    Arnold, Erik
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Filosofi och historia, Historiska studier av teknik, vetenskap och miljö.
    Farla, K
    Kolarz, P
    Mahieu, B
    Nielsen, K
    Review of the Research Excellence Framework: Evidence Report2018Rapport (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 45.
    Arnold, Erik
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Filosofi och historia, Historiska studier av teknik, vetenskap och miljö.
    Åström, Tomas
    Glass, Charlotte
    de Scalzi, Marika
    How should we evaluate complex programmes for innovation and socio-technical transitions?2018Rapport (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 46.
    Arushanyan, Yevgeniya
    KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), Industriell ekologi.
    Opportunities for Industrial Symbiosis BetweenCHP and Waste Treatment Facilities: (Case Study of Fortum and Ragn Sells, Brista)2011Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 poäng / 30 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    Pursuing the possibilities of increasing efficiency, saving costs and improving environmental performance more and more companies today are looking into the possibilities of industrial synergies between companies andprocesses.

    This study is considering the possibilities of industrial symbiosis between combined heat and power plant (Fortum) and a waste sorting facility (Ragn Sells). The paper shows possible scenarios of utilization heat fromCHP for the various processes within the waste treatment facility. The work includes the overview of previous research done in this area as well as theoretical analysisand estimation of the probable economic and environmental effects from the application of industrial symbiosis.

    The study covers several possibilities for the industrial symbiosis between CHP and waste treatment facility in form of heat application for the waste streams upgrading.The study proposes the heat application for the following processes: composting speed-up, anaerobic digestion, sludge drying, waste oil treatment and concrete upgrading.

    In the result of the work the conclusions are made concerning the possibility and feasibility of application of the proposed scenarios and their environmentaland economic effects.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    FULLTEXT02
  • 47.
    Asplund, Eva
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Samhällsplanering och miljö, Urbana och regionala studier.
    Hilding-Rydevik, Tuija
    Institutionen för stad och land, SLU.
    Håkansson, Maria
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Samhällsplanering och miljö, Urbana och regionala studier.
    Skantze, Ann
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Samhällsplanering och miljö, Urbana och regionala studier.
    Vårt uppdrag är utveckling: hållbar utveckling och regional tillväxt2010Rapport (Annet (populærvitenskap, debatt, mm))
    Abstract [sv]

    Boken handlar om erfarenheterna från några svenska regioners ansträngningar att omsätta hållbar utveckling inom ramen för regionalt tillväxtarbete, och behandlar bland annat lärandeprocesser och integration av miljöfrågor i en organisations arbete.

    Syftet är att inspirera till kritisk reflektion och diskussion vilket utgör en avgörande grund för förändring och lärande. I grunden handlar boken om vad arbetet med regional utveckling och tillväxt är och kan vara samt vilken roll hållbar utveckling spelar i arbetet.

  • 48.
    Asplund, Fredrik
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), Mekatronik.
    Ulfvengren, Pernilla
    KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.), Management & Teknologi.
    Engineer-Centred Design Factors and Methodological Approach for Maritime Autonomy Emergency Response Systems2022Inngår i: Safety, E-ISSN 2313-576X, Vol. 8, nr 3, s. 54-54Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Commercial deployment of maritime autonomous surface ships (MASSs) is close to becoming a reality. Although MASSs are fully autonomous, the industry will still allow remote operations centre (ROC) operators to intervene if a MASS is facing an emergency the MASS cannot handle by itself. A human-centred design for the associated emergency response systems will require attention to the ROC operator workplace, but also, arguably, to the behaviour-shaping constraints on the engineers building these systems. There is thus a need for an engineer-centred design of engineering organisations, influenced by the current discourse on human factors. To contribute to the discourse, think-aloud protocol interviewing was conducted with well-informed maritime operators to elicit fundamental demands on cognition and collaboration by maritime autonomy emergency response systems. Based on the results, inferences were made regarding both design factors and methodological choices for future, early phase engineering of emergency response systems. Firstly, engineering firms have to improve their informal gathering and sharing of information through gatekeepers and/or organisational liaisons. To avoid a too cautious approach to accountability, this will have to include a closer integration of development and operations. Secondly, associated studies taking the typical approach of exposing relevant operators to new design concepts in scripted scenarios should include significant flexibility and less focus on realism.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 49.
    Assefa, Getachew
    KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), Industriell ekologi.
    Environmental Systems Analysis of Waste Management: Prospects of Hydrogen Production from Waste for use in FCVs2000Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 poäng / 30 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    ORWARE, an evolving systems analysis based computer model is used to assess the performance of different waste management options from a life cycle perspective. The present version of the model consists of different submodels for transport, treatment, and disposal of different types of liquid and solid wastes and recycling of materials. Flows between submodels are described by a vector of several substances of different relevance to the system. The model calculates emissions to water and air, amount of residues returned to arable land and energy flows using the tools of life cycle analysis (LCA) and substance flow analysis (SFA). In going in the direction of stringent environmental standards and policies, there is a need for maximizing energy recovery from waste for both environmental and economic benefits. Sweden has already experience of recovering energy from waste for district heating. Recovering energy not only of high value but also of higher quality from waste would be of interest. Hydrogen is one carrier of such energy. The possibility of using hydrogen from waste as a fuel in the transport sector would contribute in heading for creating a clean environment. In this thesis a new submodel for steam reforming of biogas recovered from an anaerobic digester is developed and used with other submodels within the ORWARE framework. Four scenarios representing alternative ways of energy recovery from the organic waste in Stockholm have been simulated to compare the associated energy turnover and different environmental impacts. Digestion of the organic waste and using the biogas to fuel cars is compared against steam reforming of biogas to hydrogen or thermal gasification of the waste and processing the product gases to hydrogen. In the latter two cases hydrogen produced is used in fuel cell cars. Avoided impacts of using the biogas and hydrogen are analyzed using the fourth scenario where the waste is incinerated to generate heat and electricity. Functional equivalence between scenarios is achieved by external supply of heat, electricity and petrol. While recognizing the uncertainties during modelling and simulation, it is possible to conclude that the results indicate that there is advantage of reduced environmental impact and high energy turnover in introducing the technologies of producing hydrogen from waste into the waste management system. Further and thorough investigation is recommended to come up with a sound and firm conclusion. Key words: Systems analysis, Life cycle analysis, Substance flow analysis, Waste management, Environmental impact, Steam reforming, Thermal gasification, Fuel cell vehicles, Hydrogen

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 50.
    Assefa, Getachew
    KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), Industriell ekologi.
    Global Industrial Ecology - the North-South Link: lessons from research and education2007Inngår i:  , 2007, s. (abstract)-Konferansepaper (Annet vitenskapelig)
1234567 1 - 50 of 1103
RefereraExporteraLink til resultatlisten
Permanent link
Referera
Referensformat
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Annet format
Fler format
Språk
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Annet språk
Fler språk
Utmatningsformat
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf