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  • 1. Abat, E.
    et al.
    Abdallah, J. M.
    Egorov, K.
    Lund-Jensen, Bengt
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Particle and Astroparticle Physics.
    Zhou, N.
    Grahn, Karl-Johan
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Particle and Astroparticle Physics.
    Lafaye, Remi
    Univ Savoie, LAPP, CNTS IN2P3, Annecy Le Vieux, France.
    et, al
    Study of the response of the ATLAS central calorimeter to pions of energies from 3 to 9 GeV2009In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 607, no 2, p. 372-386Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A fully instrumented slice of the ATLAS central detector was exposed to test beams from the SPS (Super Proton Synchrotron) at CERN in 2004. in this paper, the response of the central calorimeters to pions with energies in the range between 3 and 9 GeV is presented. The linearity and the resolution of the combined calorimetry (electromagnetic and hadronic calorimeters) was measured and compared to the prediction of a detector simulation program using the toolkit Geant 4.

  • 2. Abata, E.
    et al.
    Abdallah, J. M.
    Addy, T. N.
    Adragna, P.
    Aharrouche, M.
    Ahmad, A.
    Akesson, T. P. A.
    Aleksa, M.
    Alexa, C.
    Anderson, K.
    Anghinolfi, F.
    Antonaki, A.
    Arabidze, G.
    Arik, E.
    Baker, O. K.
    Banfi, D.
    Baron, S.
    Beck, H. P.
    Belhorma, B.
    Benchekroun, D.
    Benjamin, D. P.
    Benslama, K.
    Kuutmann, E. Bergeaas
    Bertelsen, H.
    Binet, S.
    Biscarat, C.
    Boldea, V.
    Bondarenko, V. G.
    Boonekamp, M.
    Bosman, M.
    Bourdarios, C.
    Chromek, D. Burckhart
    Bychkov, V.
    Callahan, J.
    Calvet, D.
    Canneri, M.
    Garrido, M. Capeans
    Caprini, M.
    Sas, L. Cardiel
    Carli, T.
    Carminati, L.
    Carvalho, J.
    Cascella, M.
    Castillo, M. V.
    Catinaccio, A.
    Sforza, M. Cavalli
    Cavalli, D.
    Cavasinni, V.
    Cetin, S. A.
    Chen, H.
    Cherkaoui, R.
    Chevallier, F.
    Ciobotaru, M.
    Citterio, M.
    Cleland, B.
    Cogneras, E.
    Muino, P. Conde
    Consonni, M.
    Constantinescu, S.
    Cornelissen, T.
    Radu, A. Corso
    Costa, G.
    Cwetanski, P.
    Da Silva, D.
    DAM, M.
    Danielsson, H. O.
    Dannheim, D.
    Davidek, T.
    De, K.
    Defay, P. O.
    Dekhissi, B.
    Del Peso, J.
    Delmastro, M.
    Del Prete, T.
    Derue, F.
    Di Ciaccio, L.
    Di Girolamo, B.
    Dita, S.
    Dittus, F.
    Djama, F.
    Djobava, T.
    Dobson, M.
    Dolgoshein, B. A.
    Dotti, A.
    Drake, G.
    Dressnandt, N.
    Driouchi, C.
    Ebenstein, W. L.
    Eerola, P.
    Efthymiopoulos, I.
    Egorov, K.
    Eifert, T. F.
    El Kacimi, M.
    Etienvre, A. I.
    Fabich, A.
    Fakhr-Edine, A. I.
    Fanti, M.
    Farbin, A.
    Farthouat, P.
    Fassouliotis, D.
    Fayard, L.
    Febbraro, R.
    Fedin, O. L.
    Fenyuk, A.
    Ferrari, R.
    Ferreira, B. C.
    Ferrer, A.
    Filippini, G.
    Fournier, D.
    Francavilla, P.
    Francis, D.
    Froeschl, R.
    Froidevaux, D.
    Fullana, E.
    Gadomski, S.
    Gagnon, P.
    Gameiro, S.
    Garcia, R.
    Ghodbane, N.
    Giakoumopoulou, V.
    Giangiobbe, V.
    Giokaris, N.
    Glonti, G.
    Gollub, N.
    Comes, A.
    Gomez, M. D.
    Gonzalez, V.
    Gorini, B.
    Goujdamiav, D.
    Grahn, K. J.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Particle and Astroparticle Physics.
    Grenier, P.
    Grigalashvili, N.
    Grishkevich, Y.
    Gruwe, M.
    Guicheney, C.
    Gupta, A.
    Haeberli, C.
    Hajduk, Z.
    Hakobyan, H.
    Hance, M.
    Hansen, P. H.
    Harvey, A., Jr.
    Correia, A. Henriques
    Hervas, L.
    Higon, E.
    Hoffman, J.
    Hostachy, J. Y.
    Hruska, I.
    Hubaut, F.
    Hulsbergen, W.
    Hurwitz, M.
    Iconomidou-Fayard, L.
    Jen-La Plante, I.
    Johansson, P. D. C.
    Jon-And, K.
    Joos, M.
    Jorgensen, S.
    Kaczmarska, A.
    Kado, M.
    Karyukhin, A.
    Kataoka, M.
    Kayumov, F.
    Kazarov, A.
    Keener, P. T.
    Kekelidze, G. D.
    Kerschen, N.
    Khoriauli, G.
    Khramov, E.
    Khristachev, A.
    Khubua, J.
    Kittelmann, T. H.
    Klinkby, E.
    Koffas, T.
    Kolos, S.
    Konovalov, S. P.
    Kopikov, S.
    Korolkov, I.
    Kovalenko, S.
    Kowalski, T. Z.
    Kruger, K.
    Kramarenko, V.
    Kudin, L. G.
    Kulchitsky, Y.
    Lafaye, R.
    Univ Savoie, LAPP, CNTS IN2P3, Annecy Le Vieux, France.
    Laforge, B.
    Lampl, W.
    Lanni, F.
    Laplace, S.
    Le Bihan, A. C.
    Lechowski, M.
    Ledroit-Guillon, F.
    Lehmann, G.
    Leitner, R.
    Lelas, D.
    Liang, Z.
    Lichard, P.
    Lokajicek, M.
    Louchard, L.
    Loureiro, K.
    Lucotte, A.
    Luehring, F.
    Lundberg, B.
    Lund-Jensen, Bengt
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Particle and Astroparticle Physics.
    Ma, H.
    Mackeprang, R.
    Maio, A.
    Maleev, V. P.
    Malek, F.
    Maneira, J.
    Mandelli, L.
    Mazzanti, M.
    Manousakis, A.
    Mapelli, L.
    Marques, C.
    Martin, F.
    McFarlane, K. W.
    Mchedlidze, G.
    McPherson, R.
    Meirosu, C.
    Meng, Z.
    Miagkov, A.
    Mialkovski, V.
    Milstead, D.
    Minashvili, I.
    Mindur, B.
    Mitsou, V. A.
    Monnier, E.
    Morozov, S. V.
    Mosidze, M.
    Mouraviev, S. V.
    Munar, A.
    Nadtochi, A. V.
    Negri, A.
    Nemecek, S.
    Nessi, M.
    Nesterov, S. Y.
    Newcomer, F. M.
    Nikitine, I.
    Nikolic-Audit, I.
    Ogren, H.
    Oh, S. H.
    Oleshko, S. B.
    Olszowska, J.
    Onofre, A.
    Aranda, C. Padilla
    Paganis, S.
    Pallin, D.
    Pantea, D.
    Paolone, V.
    Parsons, J.
    Pasqualucci, E.
    Passmore, M. S.
    Patrichev, S.
    Peez, M.
    Reale, V. Perez
    Perini, L.
    Peshekhonov, V. D.
    Petersen, J.
    Petersen, T. C.
    Petti, R.
    Pilcher, J.
    Pina, J.
    Pinto, B.
    Podlyski, F.
    Poggioli, L.
    Poveda, J.
    Pralavorio, P.
    Pribyl, L.
    Price, M. J.
    Prieur, D.
    Puigdengoles, C.
    Puzo, P.
    Rajagopalan, S.
    Rembser, C.
    Ridel, M.
    Riu, I.
    Roda, C.
    Rohne, O.
    Romaniouk, A.
    Rousseau, D.
    Ruiz, A.
    Rusakovich, N.
    Rust, D.
    Ryabov, Y. F.
    Ryjov, V.
    Salto, O.
    Salvachua, B.
    Sanchis, E.
    Rios, C. Santamarina
    Santoni, C.
    Saraiva, J. G.
    Sarri, F.
    Sauvage, G.
    Says, L. P.
    Schaefer, M.
    Schegelsky, V. A.
    Schlager, G.
    Schlereth, J.
    Schmitt, C.
    Schwemling, P.
    Schwindling, J.
    Seixas, J. M.
    Seliverstov, D. M.
    Serin, L.
    Shalanda, N.
    Shin, T.
    Shmeleva, A.
    Silva, J.
    Simion, S.
    Simonyan, M.
    Sloper, J. E.
    Smirnov, S. Yu.
    Smirnova, L.
    Solans, C.
    Solodkov, A.
    Solovianov, O.
    Soloviev, I.
    Sosnovtsev, V. V.
    Spano, F.
    Speckmeyer, P.
    Stancu, S.
    Stanek, R.
    Starchenko, E.
    Straessner, A.
    Suchkov, S. I.
    Suk, M.
    Szczygiel, R. R.
    Tarrade, F.
    Tartarelli, F.
    Tas, P.
    Tayalati, Y.
    Teuscher, R.
    Thioye, M.
    Tikhomirov, V. O.
    Tisserant, S.
    Torres, J.
    Tremblet, L.
    Tsiareshka, P.
    Tsiskaridze, V.
    Unal, G.
    Unel, G.
    Usai, G.
    Valero, A.
    Valkar, S.
    Valls, J. A.
    Van Berg, R.
    Vandelli, W.
    Vannucci, F.
    Vartapetian, A.
    Vassilakopoulos, V. I.
    Vassilieva, L.
    Vazeille, F.
    Vetter-Cole, Y.
    Vichou, I.
    Vinogradov, V.
    Vivarelli, I.
    Volpi, M.
    Wang, C.
    Werner, P.
    Wheeler, S.
    Wiesmann, M.
    Wilkens, H.
    Williams, H. H.
    Wingerter-Seez, I.
    Yasu, Y.
    Zaitsev, A.
    Zenin, A.
    Zenis, T.
    Zenonos, Z.
    Zhang, H.
    Zhou, N.
    Study of energy response and resolution of the ATLAS barrel calorimeter to hadrons of energies from 20 to 350 GeV2010In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 621, no 1-3, p. 134-150Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A fully instrumented slice of the ATLAS detector was exposed to test beams from the SPS (Super Proton Synchrotron) at CERN in 2004. In this paper, the results of the measurements of the response of the barrel calorimeter to hadrons with energies in the range 20-350 GeV and beam impact points and angles corresponding to pseudo-rapidity values in the range 0.2-0.65 are reported. The results are compared to the predictions of a simulation program using the Geant 4 toolkit. (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier B.V.

  • 3. Abazov, V. M.
    et al.
    Strandberg, Jonas
    Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor.
    Zivkovic, L.
    et al.,
    b-Jet identification in the D0 experiment2010In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 620, no 2-3, p. 490-517Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Algorithms distinguishing jets originating from b quarks from other jet flavors are important tools in the physics program of the D0 experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron p (p) over bar collider. This article describes the methods that have been used to identify b-quark jets, exploiting in particular the long lifetimes of b-flavored hadrons, and the calibration of the performance of these algorithms based on collider data.

  • 4. Abazov, V. M.
    et al.
    Strandberg, Jonas
    Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor.
    Zverev, E. G.
    et al.,
    A novel method for modeling the recoil in W boson events at hadron colliders2009In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 609, no 2-3, p. 250-262Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present a new method for modeling the hadronic recoil in W -> lv events produced at hadron colliders. The recoil is chosen from a library of recoils in Z -> ll data events and overlaid on a simulated W -> lv event. Implementation of this method requires that the data recoil library describe the proper-ties of the measured recoil as a function of the true, rather than the measured, transverse momentum of the boson. We address this issue using a multidimensional Bayesian unfolding technique. We estimate the statistical and systematic uncertainties from this method for the W boson mass and width measurements assuming 1 fb(-1) of data from the Fermilab Tevatron. The uncertainties are found to be small and comparable to those of a more traditional parameterized recoil model. For the highprecision measurements that will be possible with data from Run 11 of the Fermilab Tevatron and from the CERN LHC, the method presented in this paper may be advantageous, since it does not require an understanding of the measured recoil from first principles.

  • 5. Abazov, V. M.
    et al.
    Åsman, Barbro
    Clément, Christophe
    Gollub, Nils
    Strandberg, Jonas
    Zylberstejn, A.
    et al.,
    The upgraded DO detector2006In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 565, no 2, p. 463-537Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The DO experiment enjoyed a very successful data-collection run at the Fermilab Tevatron collider between 1992 and 1996. Since then, the detector has been upgraded to take advantage of improvements to the Tevatron and to enhance its physics capabilities. We describe the new elements of the detector, including the silicon microstrip tracker, central fiber tracker, solenoidal magnet, preshower detectors, forward muon detector, and forward proton detector. The uranium/liquid -argon calorimeters and central muon detector, remaining from Run 1, are discussed briefly. We also present the associated electronics, triggering, and data acquisition systems, along with the design and implementation of software specific to DO.

  • 6. Abbondanno, U
    et al.
    Aerts, G
    Alvarez, F
    Alvarez, H
    Andriamonje, S
    Andrzejewski, J
    Badurek, G
    Baumann, P
    Becvar, F
    Benlliure, J
    Berthomieux, E
    Betev, B
    Calvino, F
    Cano-Ott, D
    Capote, R
    Cennini, P
    Chepel, V
    Chiaveri, E
    Colonna, N
    Cortes, G
    Cortina, D
    Couture, A
    Cox, J
    Dababneh, S
    David, S
    Dolfini, R
    Domingo-Pardo, C
    Duran, I
    Embid-Segura, M
    Ferrant, L
    Ferrari, A
    Ferreira-Marques, R
    Frais-Koelbl, H
    Furman, W
    Goncalves, I
    Gonzalez-Romero, E
    Goverdovski, A
    Gramegna, F
    Griesmayer, E
    Gunsing, F
    Haas, B
    Haight, R
    Heil, M
    Herrera-Martinez, A
    Isaev, S
    Jericha, E
    Kadi, Y
    Kappeler, F
    Kerveno, M
    Ketlerov, V
    Koehler, P E
    Konovalov, V
    Krticka, M
    Leeb, H
    Lindote, A
    Lopes, M I
    Lozano, M
    Lukic, S
    Marganiec, J
    Marrone, S
    Martinez-Val, J
    Mastinu, P
    Mengoni, A
    Milazzo, P M
    Molina-Coballes, A
    Moreau, C
    Mosconi, M
    Neves, F
    Oberhummer, H
    O'Brien, S
    Pancin, J
    Papaevangelou, T
    Paradela, C
    Pavlik, A
    Pavlopoulos, P
    Perlado, J M
    Perrot, L
    Peskov, Vladmir
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics.
    Plag, R
    Plompen, A
    Plukis, A
    Poch, A
    Policarpo, A
    Pretel, C
    Quesada, J M
    Rapp, W
    Rauscher, T
    Reifarth, R
    Rosetti, M
    Rubbia, C
    Rudolf, G
    Rullhusen, P
    Salgado, J
    Schafer, E
    Soares, J C
    Stephan, C
    Tagliente, G
    Tain, J L
    Tassan-Got, L
    Tavora, L M N
    Terlizzi, R
    Vannini, G
    Vaz, P
    Ventura, A
    Villamarin-Fernandez, D
    Vincente-Vincente, M
    Vlachoudis, V
    Voss, F
    Wendler, H
    Wiescher, M
    Wisshak, K
    The data acquisition system of the neutron time-of-flight facility n_TOF at CERN2005In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 538, no 1-3, p. 692-702Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The n_TOF facility at CERN has been designed for the measurement of neutron capture, fission and (n, xn) cross-sections with high accuracy. This requires a flexible and-due to the high instantaneous neutron flux-almost dead time free data acquisition system. A scalable and versatile data solution has been designed based on 8-bit flash-ADCs with sampling rates up to 2 GHz and 8 Mbyte memory buffer. The software is written in C and C++ and is running on PCs equipped with RedHat Linux.

  • 7. Abbondanno, U
    et al.
    Carlson, Per
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Physics.
    Peskov, Vladimir
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Physics.
    Zanini, L
    et al.,
    New experimental validation of the pulse height weighting technique for capture cross-section measurements2004In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 521, no 2-3, p. 454-467Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The accuracy of the pulse height weighting technique for the determination of neutron capture cross-sections is investigated. The technique is applied to measurements performed with C6D6 liquid scintillation detectors of two different types using capture samples of various dimensions. The data for well-known (n, gamma) resonances are analyzed using weighting functions obtained from Monte Carlo simulations of the experimental set-up. Several causes of systematic deviation are identified and their effect is quantified. In all the cases measured the reaction yield agrees with the standard value within 2%.

  • 8. Abdalla, M. A.
    et al.
    Frojdh, C.
    Petersson, C. Sture
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Microelectronics and Information Technology, IMIT.
    A CMOS APS for dental X-ray imaging using scintillating sensors2001In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 460, no 1, p. 197-203Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper we present an integrating CMOS Active Pixel Sensor (APS) circuit to be used with scintillator type X-ray sensors for intra oral dental X-ray imaging systems. Different pixel architectures were constructed to explore their performance characteristics and to study the feasibility of the development of such systems using the CMOS technology. A prototype 64 x 80 pixel array has been implemented in a CMOS 0.8 mum double poly n-well process with a pixel pitch of 50 mum. A spectral sensitivity measurement for the different pixels topologies, as well as measured X-ray direct absorption in the different APSs are presented. A measurement of the output signal showed a good linearity over a wide dynamic range. This chip showed that the very low sensitivity of the CMOS APSs to direct X-ray exposure adds a great advantage to the various CMOS advantages over CCD-based imaging systems,

  • 9. Abdalla, M. A.
    et al.
    Frojdh, C.
    Petersson, C. Sture
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Microelectronics and Information Technology, IMIT.
    An integrating CMOS APS for X-ray imaging with an in-pixel preamplifier2001In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 466, no 1, p. 232-236Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present in this paper an integrating CMOS Active Pixel Sensor (APS) circuit coated with scintillator type sensors for intra-oral dental X-ray imaging systems. The photosensing element in the pixel is formed by the p-diffusion on the n-well diode. The advantage of this photosensor is its very low direct absorption of X-rays compared to the other available photosensing elements in the CMOS pixel. The pixel features an integrating capacitor in the feedback loop of a preamplifier of a finite gain in order to increase the optical sensitivity. To verify the effectiveness of this in-pixel preamplification, a prototype 32 x 80 element CMOS active pixel array was implemented in a 0.8 mum CMOS double poly, n-well process with a pixel pitch of 50 mum. Measured results confirmed the improved optical sensitivity performance of the APS. Various measurements on device performance are presented.

  • 10. Abdellaoui, G.
    et al.
    Capel, Francesca
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Particle and Astroparticle Physics.
    Carlson, Per
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Particle and Astroparticle Physics.
    Fuglesang, Christer
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Particle and Astroparticle Physics.
    Larsson, Oscar
    KTH. RIKEN, Wako, Japan.
    Zuccaro Marchi, A.
    et.al.,
    Cosmic ray oriented performance studies for the JEM-EUSO first level trigger2017In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, p. 150-163Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    JEM-EUSO is a space mission designed to investigate Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays and Neutrinos (E > 5.10(19) eV) from the International Space Station (ISS). Looking down from above its wide angle telescope is able to observe their air showers and collect such data from a very wide area. Highly specific trigger algorithms are needed to drastically reduce the data load in the presence of both atmospheric and human activity related background light, yet retain the rare cosmic ray events recorded in the telescope. We report the performance in offline testing of the first level trigger algorithm on data from JEM-EUSO prototypes and laboratory measurements observing different light sources: data taken during a high altitude balloon flight over Canada, laser pulses observed from the ground traversing the real atmosphere, and model landscapes reproducing realistic aspect ratios and light conditions as would be seen from the ISS itself. The first level trigger logic successfully kept the trigger rate within the permissible bounds when challenged with artificially produced as well as naturally encountered night sky background fluctuations and while retaining events with general air-shower characteristics.

  • 11. Adriani, O.
    et al.
    Ambriola, M.
    Barbarino, G.
    Barbier, L. M.
    Pearce, Mark
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Physics.
    Zampa, N.
    et al,
    The PAMELA experiment on satellite and its capability in cosmic rays measurements2002In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 478, no 02-jan, p. 114-118Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The PAMELA equipment will be assembled in 2001 and installed on board the Russian satellite Resurs. PAMELA is conceived mainly to study the antiproton and positron fluxes in cosmic rays up to high energy (190 GeV for (p) over bar and 270 GeV for e(+)) and to search antinuclei, up to 30 GeV/n, with a sensitivity of 10(-7) in the He/He ratio. The PAMELA telescope consists of. a magnetic spectrometer made up of a permanent magnet system equipped with double sided microstrip silicon detectors a transition radiation detector made up of active layers of proportional straw tubes interleaved with carbon fibre radiators; and a silicon-tungsten imaging calorimeter made up of layers of tungsten absorbers and silicon detector planes. A time-of-flight system and anti-coincidence counters complete the PAMELA equipment. In the past years, tests have been done on each subdetector of PAMELA; the main results are presented and their implications on the anti-particles identification capability in cosmic rays are discussed here.

  • 12. Adriani, O.
    et al.
    Carlson, Per
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Particle and Astroparticle Physics.
    Hofverberg, Petter
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Particle and Astroparticle Physics.
    Pearce, Mark
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Particle and Astroparticle Physics.
    Orsi, Silvio
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Particle and Astroparticle Physics.
    Lund, J.
    Zampa, N.
    et. al.,
    The Pamela experiment ready for flight2007In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 572, no 1, p. 471-473Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The Pamela apparatus will allow precise measurements of cosmic rays in Low Earth Orbit, mainly focusing on the antiparticles component. The apparatus is now ready for flight, and the launch is foreseen during June 2006. The paper briefly reports the status of the experiment, and the performances of the various components as measured before the launch.

  • 13. Aharrouche, M.
    et al.
    Adam-Bourdarios, C.
    Lund-Jensen, Bengt
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Particle and Astroparticle Physics.
    Zhang, H.
    Grahn, Karl-Johan
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Particle and Astroparticle Physics.
    Lafaye, Remi
    Univ Savoie, LAPP, CNTS IN2P3, Annecy Le Vieux, France.
    Measurement of the response of the ATLAS liquid argon barrel calorimeter to electrons at the 2004 combined test-beam2010In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 614, no 3, p. 400-432Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    During summer and fall 2004, the response of a full slice of the ATLAS barrel detector to different particles was studied in controlled beam. One module of the ATLAS liquid argon barrel calorimeter identical to the production modules and read out by the final front-end and back-end electronics was used for electromagnetic calorimetry. This paper presents and discusses the electron performance of the LAr barrel calorimeter, including linearity, uniformity, and resolution with different amounts of material upstream the calorimeter and energies ranging from 1 to 250 GeV.

  • 14. Aharrouche, M.
    et al.
    Colas, J.
    Di Ciaccio, L.
    El Kacimi, M.
    Kerschen, N.
    Lund-Jensen, Bengt
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Particle and Astroparticle Physics.
    Lafaye, Remi
    Univ Savoie, LAPP, CNTS IN2P3, Annecy Le Vieux, France.
    et, al
    Time resolution of the ATLAS barrel liquid argon electromagnetic calorimeter2008In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 597, no 2-3, p. 178-188Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The time reconstruction performance of the ATLAS electromagnetic calorimeter readout is studied. The contribution of the electronics to the time resolution is estimated to be about 20 ps, thus demonstrating the possibility of achieving a small constant term in the time resolution for particles. The resolution to electromagnetic showers produced by an electron beam is also measured. After correction for the effects due to the calorimeter geometry, a 100 ps constant term is found for a typical cell.

  • 15. Aharrouche, M.
    et al.
    Colas, J.
    Di Ciaccio, L.
    El Kacimi, M.
    Lund-Jensen, Bengt
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Particle and Astroparticle Physics.
    Tayalati, Y.
    Lafaye, Remi
    Univ Savoie, LAPP, CNTS IN2P3, Annecy Le Vieux, France.
    et, al
    Energy linearity and resolution of the ATLAS electromagnetic barrel calorimeter in an electron test-beam2006In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 568, no 2, p. 601-623Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A module of the ATLAS electromagnetic barrel liquid argon calorimeter was exposed to the CERN electron test-beam at the H8 beam line upgraded for precision momentum measurement. The available energies of the electron beam ranged from 10 to 245 GeV. The electron beam impinged at one point corresponding to a pseudo-rapidity of eta = 0.687 and an azimuthal angle of phi = 0.28 in the ATLAS coordinate system. A detailed study of several effects biasing the electron energy measurement allowed an energy reconstruction procedure to be developed that ensures a good linearity and a good resolution. Use is made of detailed Monte Carlo simulations based on GEANT4 which describe the longitudinal and transverse shower profiles as well as the energy distributions. For electron energies between 15 and 180 GeV the deviation of the measured incident electron energy over the beam energy is within 0.1%. The systematic uncertainty of the measurement is about 0.1% at low energies and negligible at high energies. The energy resolution is found to be about 10%. root E for the sampling term and about 0.2% for the local constant term.

  • 16. Aharrouche, M.
    et al.
    Colas, J.
    Di Ciaccio, L.
    Lund-Jensen, Bengt
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Particle and Astroparticle Physics.
    Tayalati, Yahya
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Particle and Astroparticle Physics.
    Lafaye, Remi
    Univ Savoie, LAPP, CNTS IN2P3, Annecy Le Vieux, France.
    Study of the response of ATLAS electromagnetic liquid argon calorimeters to muons2009In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 606, no 3, p. 419-431Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The response of the ATLAS electromagnetic calorimeter to muons has been studied in this paper. Results on signal over noise ratio, assessment of the detector response uniformity, and position resolution are presented. The possibility to study fine details of the structure of the detector through its response to muons is illustrated on a specific example. Finally, the performance obtained on muons in test-beam is used to estimate the detector uniformity and time alignment precision that will be reachable after the commissioning of the ATLAS detector with cosmic rays.

  • 17. Aharrouche, M.
    et al.
    Colas, J.
    Maaroufi, F.
    Cleland, W.
    Lacour, D.
    Lund-Jensen, Bengt
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Particle and Astroparticle Physics.
    Lafaye, Remi
    Univ Savoie, LAPP, CNTS IN2P3, Annecy Le Vieux, France.
    et, al
    Response uniformity of the ATLAS liquid argon electromagnetic calorimeter2007In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 582, no 2, p. 429-455Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The construction of the ATLAS electromagnetic liquid argon calorimeter modules is completed and all the modules are assembled and inserted in the cryostats. During the production period four barrel and three endcap modules were exposed to test beams in order to assess their performance, ascertain the production quality and reproducibility, and to scrutinize the complete energy reconstruction chain from the readout and calibration electronics to the signal and energy reconstruction. It was also possible to check the full Monte Carlo simulation of the calorimeter. The analysis of the uniformity, resolution and extraction of constant term is presented. Typical non-uniformities of 5 parts per thousand and typical global constant terms of 6 parts per thousand are measured for the barrel and endcap modules.

  • 18. Ahmed, S.N
    et al.
    Strandberg, Jonas
    Stockholms universitet.
    Zverev, E.G.
    et al.,
    The D0 Silicon Microstrip Tracker2011In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 634, no 1, p. 8-46Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper describes the mechanical design, the readout chain, the production, testing and the installation of the Silicon Microstrip Tracker of the D0 experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. In addition, we describe the performance and operational experience of the detector during the experiment data collection between 2001 and 2010.

  • 19. Akhmadaliev, S.
    et al.
    Albiol, F.
    Amaral, P.
    Berglund, S.
    Lund-Jensen, Bengt
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Physics.
    Lundquist, J.
    Sellden, B.
    Soderqvist, J.
    Zolnierowski, Y. P.
    et al,
    Results from a new combined test of an electromagnetic liquid argon calorimeter with a hadronic scintillating-tile calorimeter2000In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 449, no 3, p. 461-477Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A new combined test of an electromagnetic liquid argon accordion calorimeter and a hadronic scintillating-tile calorimeter was carried out at the CERN SPS. These devices are prototypes of the barrel calorimeter of the future ATLAS experiment at the LHC. The energy resolution of pions in the energy range from 10 to 300 GeV at an incident angle a of about 12 degrees is well described by the expression sigma/E = ((41.9 +/- 1.6)%/root E + (1.8 +/- 0.1)%)circle plus(1.8 +/- 0.1)/E, where E is in GeV. The response to electrons and muons was evaluated. Shower profiles, shower leakage and the angular resolution of hadronic showers were also studied. Results are compared with those from the previous beam test.

  • 20. Akhmadaliev, S.
    et al.
    Amaral, P.
    Ambrosini, G.
    Amorim, A.
    Anderson, K.
    Johansson, E.
    Lund-Jensen, Bengt
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Physics.
    Soderqvist, J.
    Zolnierowski, Y. P.
    et al,
    Hadron energy reconstruction for the ATLAS calorimetry in the framework of the non-parametrical method2002In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 480, no 03-feb, p. 508-523Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper discusses hadron energy reconstruction for the ATLAS barrel prototype combined calorimeter (consisting of a lead-liquid argon electromagnetic part and an iron-scintillator hadronic part) in the framework of the non-parametrical method. The non-parametrical method utilizes only the known e/h ratios and the electron calibration constants and does not require the determination of any parameters by a minimization technique. Thus, this technique lends itself to an easy use in a first level trigger. The reconstructed mean values of the hadron energies are within +/-1% of the true values and the fractional energy resolution is [(58+/-3)%/rootE+(2.5+/-0.3)%]circle plus(1.7+/-0.2)/E. The value of the e/h ratio obtained for the electromagnetic compartment of the combined calorimeter is 1.74+/-0.04 and agrees with the prediction that e/h > 1.66 for this electromagnetic calorimeter. Results of a study of the longitudinal hadronic shower development are also presented. The data have been taken in the H8 beam line of the CERN SPS using pions of energies from 10 to 300 GeV.

  • 21. Akkoyun, S.
    et al.
    Algora, A.
    Alikhani, B.
    Ameil, F.
    de Angelis, G.
    Arnold, L.
    Astier, A.
    Atac Nyberg, Ayse
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Nuclear Physics.
    Aubert, Y.
    Aufranc, C.
    Austin, A.
    Aydin, S.
    Azaiez, F.
    Badoer, S.
    Balabanski, D. L.
    Barrientos, D.
    Baulieu, G.
    Baumann, R.
    Bazzacco, D.
    Beck, F. A.
    Beck, T.
    Bednarczyk, P.
    Bellato, M.
    Bentley, M. A.
    Benzoni, G.
    Berthier, R.
    Berti, L.
    Beunard, R.
    Lo Bianco, G.
    Birkenbach, B.
    Bizzeti, P. G.
    Bizzeti-Sona, A. M.
    Le Blanc, F.
    Blasco, J. M.
    Blasi, N.
    Bloor, D.
    Boiano, C.
    Borsato, M.
    Bortolato, D.
    Boston, A. J.
    Boston, H. C.
    Bourgault, P.
    Boutachkov, P.
    Bouty, A.
    Bracco, A.
    Brambilla, S.
    Brawn, I. P.
    Brondi, A.
    Broussard, S.
    Bruyneel, B.
    Bucurescu, D.
    Burrows, I.
    Buerger, A.
    Cabaret, S.
    Cahan, B.
    Calore, E.
    Camera, F.
    Capsoni, A.
    Carrio, F.
    Casati, G.
    Castoldi, M.
    Cederwall, Bo
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Nuclear Physics.
    Cercus, J. -L
    Chambert, V.
    El Chambit, M.
    Chapman, R.
    Charles, L.
    Chavas, J.
    Clement, E.
    Cocconi, P.
    Coelli, S.
    Coleman-Smith, P. J.
    Colombo, A.
    Colosimo, S.
    Commeaux, C.
    Conventi, D.
    Cooper, R. J.
    Corsi, A.
    Cortesi, A.
    Costa, L.
    Crespi, F. C. L.
    Cresswell, J. R.
    Cullen, D. M.
    Curien, D.
    Czermak, A.
    Delbourg, D.
    Depalo, R.
    Descombes, T.
    Desesquelles, P.
    Detistov, P.
    Diarra, C.
    Didierjean, F.
    Dimmock, M. R.
    Doan, Q. T.
    Domingo-Pardo, C.
    Doncel, M.
    Dorangeville, F.
    Dosme, N.
    Drouen, Y.
    Duchene, G.
    Dulny, B.
    Eberth, J.
    Edelbruck, P.
    Egea, J.
    Engert, T.
    Erduran, M. N.
    Erturk, S.
    Fanin, C.
    Fantinel, S.
    Farnea, E.
    Faul, T.
    Filliger, M.
    Filmer, F.
    Finck, Ch.
    de France, G.
    Gadea, A.
    Gast, W.
    Geraci, A.
    Gerl, J.
    Gernhaeuser, R.
    Giannatiempo, A.
    Giaz, A.
    Gibelin, L.
    Givechev, A.
    Goel, N.
    Gonzalez, V.
    Gottardo, A.
    Grave, X.
    Grebosz, J.
    Griffiths, R.
    Grint, A. N.
    Gros, P.
    Guevara, L.
    Gulmini, M.
    Goergen, A.
    Ha, H. T. M.
    Habermann, T.
    Harkness, L. J.
    Harroch, H.
    Hauschild, K.
    He, C.
    Hernandez-Prieto, A.
    Hervieu, B.
    Hess, H.
    Hueyuek, T.
    Ince, E.
    Isocrate, R.
    Jaworski, G.
    Johnson, Arne
    Jolie, J.
    Jones, P.
    Jonson, B.
    Joshi, P.
    Judson, D. S.
    Jungclaus, A.
    Kaci, M.
    Karkour, N.
    Karolak, M.
    Kaskas, A.
    Kebbiri, M.
    Kempley, R. S.
    Khaplanov, Anton
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Nuclear Physics.
    Klupp, S.
    Kogimtzis, M.
    Kojouharov, I.
    Korichi, A.
    Korten, W.
    Kroell, Th.
    Kruecken, R.
    Kurz, N.
    Ky, B. Y.
    Labiche, M.
    Lafay, X.
    Lavergne, L.
    Lazarus, I. H.
    Leboutelier, S.
    Lefebvre, F.
    Legay, E.
    Legeard, L.
    Lelli, F.
    Lenzi, S. M.
    Leoni, S.
    Lermitage, A.
    Lersch, D.
    Leske, J.
    Letts, S. C.
    Lhenoret, S.
    Lieder, R. M.
    Linget, D.
    Ljungvall, J.
    Lopez-Martens, A.
    Lotode, A.
    Lunardi, S.
    Maj, A.
    van der Marel, J.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Nuclear Physics.
    Mariette, Y.
    Marginean, N.
    Marginean, R.
    Maron, G.
    Mather, A. R.
    Meczynski, W.
    Mendez, V.
    Medina, P.
    Melon, B.
    Menegazzo, R.
    Mengoni, D.
    Merchan, E.
    Mihailescu, L.
    Michelagnoli, C.
    Mierzejewski, J.
    Milechina, Larissa
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Nuclear Physics.
    Million, B.
    Mitev, K.
    Molini, P.
    Montanari, D.
    Moon, S.
    Morbiducci, F.
    Moro, R.
    Morrall, P. S.
    Moeller, O.
    Nannini, A.
    Napoli, D. R.
    Nelson, L.
    Nespolo, M.
    Ngo, V. L.
    Nicoletto, M.
    Nicolini, R.
    Le Noa, Y.
    Nolan, P. J.
    Norman, M.
    Nyberg, J.
    Obertelli, A.
    Olariu, A.
    Orlandi, R.
    Oxley, D. C.
    Ozben, C.
    Ozille, M.
    Oziol, C.
    Pachoud, E.
    Palacz, M.
    Palin, J.
    Pancin, J.
    Parisel, C.
    Pariset, P.
    Pascovici, G.
    Peghin, R.
    Pellegri, L.
    Perego, A.
    Perrier, S.
    Petcu, M.
    Petkov, P.
    Petrache, C.
    Pierre, E.
    Pietralla, N.
    Pietri, S.
    Pignanelli, M.
    Piqueras, I.
    Podolyak, Z.
    Le Pouhalec, P.
    Pouthas, J.
    Pugnere, D.
    Pucknell, V. F. E.
    Pullia, A.
    Quintana, B.
    Raine, R.
    Rainovski, G.
    Ramina, L.
    Rampazzo, G.
    La Rana, G.
    Rebeschini, M.
    Recchia, F.
    Redon, N.
    Reese, M.
    Reiter, P.
    Regan, P. H.
    Riboldi, S.
    Richer, M.
    Rigato, M.
    Rigby, S.
    Ripamonti, G.
    Robinson, A. P.
    Robin, J.
    Roccaz, J.
    Ropert, J. -A
    Rosse, B.
    Rossi Alvarez, C.
    Rosso, D.
    Rubio, B.
    Rudolph, D.
    Saillant, F.
    Sahin, E.
    Salomon, F.
    Salsac, M. -D
    Salt, J.
    Salvato, G.
    Sampson, J.
    Sanchis, E.
    Santos, C.
    Schaffner, H.
    Schlarb, M.
    Scraggs, D. P.
    Seddon, D.
    Senyigit, M.
    Sigward, M. -H
    Simpson, G.
    Simpson, J.
    Slee, M.
    Smith, J. F.
    Sona, P.
    Sowicki, B.
    Spolaore, P.
    Stahl, C.
    Stanios, T.
    Stefanova, E.
    Stezowski, O.
    Strachan, J.
    Suliman, G.
    Soderstrom, P. -A
    Tain, J. L.
    Tanguy, S.
    Tashenov, Stanislav
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Nuclear Physics.
    Theisen, Ch.
    Thornhill, J.
    Tomasi, F.
    Toniolo, N.
    Touzery, R.
    Travers, B.
    Triossi, A.
    Tripon, M.
    Tun-Lanoe, K. M. M.
    Turcato, M.
    Unsworth, C.
    Ur, C. A.
    Valiente-Dobon, J. J.
    Vandone, V.
    Vardaci, E.
    Venturelli, R.
    Veronese, F.
    Veyssiere, Ch.
    Viscione, E.
    Wadsworth, R.
    Walker, P. M.
    Warr, N.
    Weber, C.
    Weisshaar, D.
    Wells, D.
    Wieland, O.
    Wiens, A.
    Wittwer, G.
    Wollersheim, H. J.
    Zocca, F.
    Zamfir, N. V.
    Zieblinski, M.
    Zucchiatti, A.
    AGATA-Advanced GAmma Tracking Array2012In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 668, p. 26-58Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The Advanced GAmma Tracking Array (AGATA) is a European project to develop and operate the next generation gamma-ray spectrometer. AGATA is based on the technique of gamma-ray energy tracking in electrically segmented high-purity germanium crystals. This technique requires the accurate determination of the energy, time and position of every interaction as a gamma ray deposits its energy within the detector volume. Reconstruction of the full interaction path results in a detector with very high efficiency and excellent spectral response. The realisation of gamma-ray tracking and AGATA is a result of many technical advances. These include the development of encapsulated highly segmented germanium detectors assembled in a triple cluster detector cryostat, an electronics system with fast digital sampling and a data acquisition system to process the data at a high rate. The full characterisation of the crystals was measured and compared with detector-response simulations. This enabled pulse-shape analysis algorithms, to extract energy, time and position, to be employed. In addition, tracking algorithms for event reconstruction were developed. The first phase of AGATA is now complete and operational in its first physics campaign. In the future AGATA will be moved between laboratories in Europe and operated in a series of campaigns to take advantage of the different beams and facilities available to maximise its science output. The paper reviews all the achievements made in the AGATA project including all the necessary infrastructure to operate and support the spectrometer.

  • 22. Aleksa, M.
    et al.
    Bachas, K.
    Lafaye, Remi
    Univ Savoie, LAPP, CNTS IN2P3, Annecy Le Vieux, France.
    Laporte, J. F.
    Nicolaidou, R.
    al., et
    ATLAS H8 Testbeam data analysis combining information from the liquid argon calorimeter and a Monitored Drift Tube muon tracking chamber2007In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. A572, no 1, p. 117-119Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The 2004 H8 Testbeam setup is used as a test ground of various aspects of the ATLASdetector. The H8 study program focuses on sub-detector and trigger system performance in combined and standalone mode, as well as offline reconstruction and analysis, but leaves also space for specialized studies and experimental setups. In a dedicated setup,a BIS type Monitored Drift Tube chamber was placed in front of the Liquid ArgonCalorimeter and was attached to its support structure. The aim of this project is to perform positioning measurements of the Liquid Argon Calorimeter electrodes using the trackinformation from the BIS muon chamber. Moreover, the goal is to study the performance of the chamber in positron and muon beams at different beam incident angles. Last but not least, we investigate the correlation between the position of the cluster barycenter in the Liquid Argon and the reconstructed track in the BIS chamber.

  • 23.
    Andersson, Mikael
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics.
    Bäck, Torbjörn
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Nuclear Physics. KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Centres, Albanova VinnExcellence Center for Protein Technology, ProNova.
    Gamma-ray track reconstruction using graph neural networks2023In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 1048, article id 168000Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Since the advent of the new generation of germanium detector arrays for low-energy nuclear physics experiments utilizing gamma-ray tracking, the challenges associated with track-reconstruction methods have been extensively studied. In the present work an approach based on recent developments in machine learning was used to address the problem. Here, a graph neural network was constructed and trained on data simulated in Geant4 in order to attempt track reconstruction of gamma rays below 1 MeV in a spherical shell geometry of pure germanium. Using a thick-shell geometry, and simulated data without energy-and position uncertainties the network achieved a reconstruction rate above 80% for complete tracks, and a combined peak-to-total value of 85% for energy spectra with four discrete peaks. For data with added noise, i.e. finite resolution in interaction-point position and energy, the corresponding peak-to-total ratio dropped to 74%. The track reconstruction was stable across multiplicities 1-10 but showed an increased error frequency in the energy range between 50 keV and 250 keV. To specifically study the complication of gamma tracks lost by out -scattering from the detector volume, a thin-shell (9 cm thickness) geometry was used together with a modified version of the GNN framework. By letting the GNN code identify and discriminate the out-scatter events, an improvement of the P/T value from 66% to 75% was found for the packed, noisy data. For the sake of comparison the new GNN model with existing gamma-ray tracking methods, a separate instance of the network was trained on slightly higher energies (up to 1.5 MeV) and multiplicities (up to 15) to evaluate 1.332 MeV photon cascade data in terms of P/T and photo-peak efficiency. The results for this GNN data set, with P/T values at 85% for single tracks and 74% for multiplicity 15, show clear promise when compared to the existing tracking methods.

  • 24. Andrieux, M. L.
    et al.
    Belhorma, B.
    Belymam, A.
    Benchekroun, D.
    Cherkaoui, R.
    Clement, C.
    Collot, J.
    de Saintignon, P.
    Driouichi, C.
    Dzahini, D.
    El Mouahhidi, Y.
    Erridi, H.
    Ferrari, A.
    Ghazlane, H.
    Hostachy, J. Y.
    Hoummada, A.
    Idrissi, A.
    Laborie, G.
    Lund-Jensen, Bengt
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Physics.
    Martin, P.
    Muraz, J. F.
    Soderqvist, J.
    Construction and test of the first two sectors of the ATLAS barrel liquid argon presampler2002In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 479, no 03-feb, p. 316-333Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The electromagnetic (e.m.) calorimeter of the ATLAS experiment for the Large Hadron Collider will be a sampling liquid argon accordion calorimeter. To achieve sufficient energy resolution, it is necessary to correct for the energy loss in the material upstream of the calorimeter. For this purpose, a separate presampler detector fixed on the inner face of the e.m. calorimeter, in the same cryostat, is being built by the ATLAS collaboration. Two presampler sectors have already been built and tested in their final version. The geometry of the detector and the various steps of its construction are reviewed. The hardware performance of the detector measured both at CERN and at the ISN-Grenoble (specific test bench) is discussed. It is concluded that the presampler will adequately fulfill its role for future operation at the CERN Large Hadron Collider.

  • 25. Andrieux, M. L.
    et al.
    Lundquist, J.
    Dinkespiler, B.
    Evans, G.
    Gallin-Martel, L.
    Pearce, Mark
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Physics.
    Rethore, F.
    Stroynowski, R.
    Ye, J.
    Single-event upset studies of a high-speed digital optical data link2001In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 456, no 3, p. 342-351Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The results from a series of neutron and photon irradiation tests of a high-speed digital optical data link based on a commercial serialiser and a vertical cavity surface emitting laser are described. The link was developed as a candidate for the front-end readout of the ATLAS electromagnetic calorimeter. The components at the emitting end of the link were unaffected by neutron and photon irradiation levels exceeding those expected during 10 years of LHC running. However, the link suffered from Single-Event Upsets (SEUs) when irradiated with energetic neutrons. A very general method based on the Burst Generation Rate (BGR) model has been developed and is used to extrapolate the error rate observed during tests to that expected at the LHC. A model-independent extrapolation was used to check the BGR approach and the results were consistent once systematic errors were taken into account.

  • 26. Ashrafi, S.
    et al.
    Lipoglavsek, M.
    Likar, A.
    Vidmar, T.
    Cederkall, J.
    Fahlander, C.
    Grawe, H.
    Johnson, Arne
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Physics.
    Mitarai, S.
    Norlin, L. O.
    Nyberg, J.
    Palacz, M.
    Persson, J.
    Seweryniak, D.
    Shizuma, T.
    Sletten, G.
    Monte-Carlo simulation of the charged particle detector used in the NORDBALL gamma-ray spectrometer2001In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 458, no 3, p. 690-697Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The NORDBALL silicon detector array for detecting light charged particles emitted in fusion evaporation reactions was simulated with the Monte-Carlo method. The data from the reaction of 261 MeV Ni-58 ions with Cr-50 nuclei in a 4.8 mg/cm(2) thick target was used to adjust the simulation parameters. Relative population of residual nuclei in the reaction was determined, by comparing the intensities of gamma -rays.

  • 27.
    Atac Nyberg, Ayse
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Nuclear Physics. Department of Physics, Ankara University, 06100 Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey.
    Kaşkaş, Ayşe
    Department of Physics, Ankara University, 06100 Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey.
    Akkoyun, Serkan
    Department of Physics, Ankara University, 06100 Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey.
    Şenyiğit, Menekse
    Department of Physics, Ankara University, 06100 Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey.
    Hüyük, Tayfun
    Department of Physics, Ankara University, 06100 Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey.
    Kara, S. Okan
    Department of Physics, Ankara University, 06100 Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey.
    Nyberg, Johan
    Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden .
    Discrimination of gamma rays due to inelastic neutron scattering in AGATA2009In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 607, no 3, p. 554-563Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Possibilities of discriminating neutrons and γ rays in the AGATA γ-ray tracking spectrometer have been investigated with the aim of reducing the background due toinelastic scattering of neutrons in the high-purity germanium crystals. This background may become a serious problem especially in experiments with neutron-rich radioactive ion beams. Simulations using the Geant4 toolkit and a tracking program based on the forward tracking algorithm were carried out by emitting neutrons and γ rays from the center of AGATA. Three different methods were developed and tested in order to find "fingerprints" of the neutron interaction points in the detectors. In a simulation with simultaneous emission of six neutrons with energies in the range 1-5 MeV and 10 γ rayswith energies between 150 and 1450 keV, the peak-to-background ratio at a γ-ray energy of 1.0 MeV was improved by a factor of 2.4 after neutron rejection with a reduction of the photopeak efficiency at 1.0 MeV of only a factor of 1.25. 

  • 28. Aubert, B.
    et al.
    Ballansat, J.
    Bazan, A.
    Beaugiraud, B.
    Cros, P.
    Lund-Jensen, Bengt
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Physics.
    Lundqvist, J.
    Pearce, Mark
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Physics.
    Rydstrom, S.
    et al,
    Performance of the ATLAS electromagnetic calorimeter end-cap module 02003In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 500, no 03-jan, p. 178-201Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The construction and beam test results of the ATLAS electromagnetic end-cap calorimeter pre-production module 0 are presented. The stochastic term of the energy resolution is between 10% and 12.5% GeV1/2 over the full pseudorapidity range. Position and angular resolutions are found to be in agreement with simulation. A global constant term of 0.6% is obtained in the pseudorapidity range 2.5 < η < 3.2 (inner wheel).

  • 29. Aubert, B.
    et al.
    Ballansat, J.
    Bazan, A.
    Beaugiraud, B.
    Lund-Jensen, Bengt.
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Physics.
    Lundqvist, J.
    Pearce, Mark
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Physics.
    Rydstrom, S.
    et al,
    Performance of the ATLAS electromagnetic calorimeter barrel module 02003In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 500, no 03-jan, p. 202-231Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The construction and performance of the barrel pre-series module 0 of the future ATLAS electromagnetic calorimeter at the LHC is described. The signal reconstruction and performance of ATLAS-like electronics has been studied. The signal to noise ratio for muons has been found to be 7.11 +/- 0.07. An energy resolution of better than 9.5% GeV1/2 / rootE (sampling term) has been obtained with electron beams of up to 245 GeV. The uniformity of the response to electrons in an area of Deltaeta x Deltaphi = 1.2 x 0.075 has been measured to be better than 0.8%.

  • 30. Aubert, B.
    et al.
    Beaugiraud, B.
    Colas, J.
    Delebecque, P.
    Di Ciaccio, L.
    Lund-Jensen, Bengt
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Particle and Astroparticle Physics.
    Rydstrom, S.
    Lafaye, Remi
    Univ Savoie, LAPP, CNTS IN2P3, Annecy Le Vieux, France.
    Construction, assembly and tests of the ATLAS electromagnetic barrel calorimeter2006In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 558, no 2, p. 388-418Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The construction and assembly of the two half barrels of the ATLAS central electromagnetic calorimeter and their insertion into the barrel cryostat are described. The results of the qualification tests of the calorimeter before installation in the LHC ATLAS pit are given.

  • 31.
    Badel, Xavier
    et al.
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Microelectronics and Information Technology, IMIT.
    Galeckas, Augustinas
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Microelectronics and Information Technology, IMIT.
    Linnros, Jan
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Microelectronics and Information Technology, IMIT.
    Kleimann, P.
    LENAC, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-I, Villeurbanne.
    Fröjdh, C.
    Mitthögskolan, Department of Electronics.
    Petersson, C. Sture
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Microelectronics and Information Technology, IMIT.
    Improvement of an X-ray imaging detector based on a scintillating guides screen2002In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 487, no 1-2, p. 129-135Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    An X-ray imaging detector has been developed for dental applications. The principle of this detector is based on application of a silicon charge coupled device covered by a scintillating wave-guide screen. Previous studies of such a detector showed promising results concerning the spatial resolution but low performance in terms of signal to noise ratio (SNR) and sensitivity. Recent results confirm the wave-guiding properties of the matrix and show improvement of the detector in terms of response uniformity, sensitivity and SNR. The present study is focussed on the fabrication of the scintillating screen where the principal idea is to fill a matrix of Si pores with a CsI scintillator. The photoluminescence technique was used to prove the wave-guiding property of the matrix and to inspect the filling uniformity of the pores. The final detector was characterized by X-ray evaluation in terms of spatial resolution, light output and SNR. A sensor with a spatial resolution of 9 LP/mm and a SNR over 50 has been achieved using a standard dental X-ray source and doses in the order of those used at the moment by dentists (around 25 mR).

  • 32.
    Badel, Xavier
    et al.
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Microelectronics and Information Technology, IMIT.
    Linnros, Jan
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Microelectronics and Information Technology, IMIT.
    Janson, M. S.
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Microelectronics and Information Technology, IMIT.
    Österman, J.
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Microelectronics and Information Technology, IMIT.
    Formation of pn junctions in deep silicon pores for X-ray imaging detector applications2003In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 509, no 1-3, p. 96-101Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The formation of pn junctions in deep silicon pores has been studied for a new concept of X-ray imaging detectors. The sensitive part of the device is an array of CsI(Tl) columns formed by filling a silicon matrix of pores having pn junctions in their walls. Under X-ray illumination, the CsI(TI) scintillator emits photons that are collected by the pn junctions. Relatively high signal collection efficiency is expected. However, the formation of pn junctions inside pore walls represents a challenging step in the detector fabrication. In this work pore matrices were fabricated in n-type silicon by deep reactive ion etching and by photo-electrochemical etching. The pn junctions were formed either by boron diffusion or deposition of boron doped poly-silicon. Various techniques were used to analyze the transverse depth profiles of boron atoms at different pore depths. The study shows successful results for pn-junctions formed both by diffusion and by poly-silicon deposition.

  • 33. Balcerzyk, M.
    et al.
    Klamra, Wlodzimierz
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Physics.
    Moszynski, M.
    Kapusta, M.
    Szawlowski, M.
    Energy resolution and light yield non-proportionality of ZnSe: Te scintillator studied by large area avalanche photodiodes and photomultipliers2002In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 482, no 3, p. 720-727Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The ZnSe: Te scintillator has been studied by means of a photomultiplier with an extended bialkali photocathode, a large area avalanche photodiode (LAAPD) and a PIN photodiode. The light output was determined to be 28 300+/-1700 photons/MeV. Results indicate good proportionality for light output versus gamma-ray energy. Measurements of the 662 keV gamma-ray energy spectrum recorded using a LAAPD resulted in an energy resolution of 5.4+/-0.3%. Based on these results, an intrinsic energy resolution of 3.3+/-0.7% has been calculated.

  • 34. Bellotti, R
    et al.
    Boezio, M
    Volpe, Francesca
    KTH.
    Clustering analysis and supervised methods for antiparticle studies in the PAMELA experiment2004In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 525, no 1-2, p. 412-416Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this study a new approach to pattern recognition problems in astroparticle physics is presented. The context in which this work has been developed is the satellite borne experiment PAMELA, whose principal aim is antiparticle studies. In particular the classification problem of the PAMELA imaging calorimeter has been taken into account. This detector is designed for particle identification; due to its high granularity, both in the transversal and in the longitudinal direction, the calorimeter is suitable for reconstructing the spatial development of a shower. For each event the calorimeter is able to provide a 3D image that can be used to discriminate between hadrons and leptons. In this work the available information for each kind of image event class has been pre-processed representing each event by means of discriminating variables. A clustering analysis has been applied to a data set and the classification has been performed using supervised algorithms. Results from simulated data from the PAMELA prototype calorimeter will be shown.

  • 35.
    Bertaina, M.
    et al.
    Univ Torino, Dipartimento Fis, Turin, Italy.;INFN, Sez Torino, Turin, Italy..
    Bianciotto, M.
    KTH. Univ Torino, Dipartimento Fis, Turin, Italy..
    Bolmgren, Karl
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Particle and Astroparticle Physics.
    Fuglesang, Christer
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Particle and Astroparticle Physics.
    Zotov, M.
    Lomonosov Moscow State Univ, Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia..
    Description and performance results of the trigger logic of TUS and Mini-EUSO to search for Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays from space2023In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 1045, article id 167601Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The Trigger Logic (TL) of the Tracking Ultraviolet Setup (TUS) and Multiwavelength Imaging New Instrument for the Extreme Universe Space Observatory (Mini-EUSO) space-based projects of the Joint Experiment Missions-EUSO (JEM-EUSO) program is summarized. The performance results on the search for Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs) are presented.

  • 36. Bertilsson, K.
    et al.
    Dubaric, E.
    Thungstrom, G.
    Nilsson, H. E.
    Petersson, C. Sture
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Microelectronics and Information Technology, IMIT.
    Simulation of a low atmospheric-noise modified four-quadrant position sensitive detector2001In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 466, no 1, p. 183-187Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A modified four-quadrant position sensitive detector (PSD) is developed. This structure is less sensitive to atmospheric turbulence that is a major drawback with the traditional four-quadrant detector. The inter-electrode resistance is as high as for the four-quadrant detector, which is an advantage compared to the lateral effect PSD. The linearity for the modified four-quadrant detector is good in the whole active range of sensing. The structures are limited to small sensing areas with well focused beams and are suitable for use in detectors up to 1 mm in size.

  • 37. Bevilacqua, R.
    et al.
    Göök, A.
    Hambsch, F. -J
    Jovančević, N.
    Vidali, M.
    A procedure for the characterization of electron transmission through Frisch grids2015In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 770, p. 64-67Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In Frisch grid ionization chambers special attention must be paid to the operating voltages in order to avoid unwanted collection of electrons on the Frisch grid. Collection of electrons on the grid will lead to a decreased signal to noise ratio and consequently a deteriorated energy resolution. Furthermore, systematic errors in the determination of the angular distribution will be introduced. Theoretical formulas for minimized collection of electrons on the grid were derived by Bunemann et al. [3] in the special case of a Frisch grid consisting of a plane of parallel wires. No such formulas exist for other grid geometries and a careful calibration procedure is needed. We describe here a procedure for characterizing the Frisch grid in terms of its transparency to electrons for a grid consisting of a mesh of crossed wires. 

  • 38. Bevilacqua, Riccardo
    et al.
    Pomp, Stephan
    Simutkin, Vasily
    Hayashi, Masateru
    Hirayama, Shusuke
    Naitou, Yuuki
    Watanabe, Yukinobu
    Tippawan, Udomrat
    Tesinsky, Milan
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Reactor Physics.
    Ban, Gilles
    Lecouey, Jean-Luc
    Lecolley, Francois-Rene
    Marie, Nathalie
    Hamel, Quentin
    Medley spectrometer for light ions in neutron-induced reactions at 175 MeV2011In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 646, no 1, p. 100-107Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We have upgraded the Medley spectrometer to measure neutron-induced double differential cross-sections for light-ion production, with neutron energies up to 175 MeV. Measurements were performed at the quasi-monoenergetic neutron beam line at the The Svedberg Laboratory, in Uppsala (Sweden). Medley is a spectrometer system composed of eight three-element telescope detectors; Delta E-E technique is used for particle identification and total kinetic energy measurement. We have improved particle separation and installed new detectors that fully stop ions with kinetic energy up to 170 MeV. To reduce the contribution of the low energy tail in the quasi-monoenergetic neutron spectrum, we have applied time-of-flight techniques and investigated the results for measurements with 175 MeV neutrons. We have investigated the response function of the CsI(Tl) scintillators and describe a method for efficiency correction. We have studied the signal-to-background ratio of the new configuration of the spectrometer and of the collimation system. A method to obtain absolute cross-section normalization, separating the peak neutrons from the low-energy tail, is proposed. Finally we have characterized the 175 MeV quasi-monoenergetic neutron spectrum with the Medley spectrometer. This upgraded configuration has been used in 2007 and 2009 for light-ion production measurements at 175 MeV from C, Si, O, Fe, Bi and U.

  • 39. Bianco, L.
    et al.
    Page, R. D.
    Joss, D. T.
    Simpson, J.
    Cederwall, Bo
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Nuclear Physics.
    Hornillos, M. B. G.
    Greenlees, P. T.
    Hadinia, B.
    Jakobsson, U.
    Jones, P. M.
    et al,
    alpha-Decay branching ratios measured by gamma-ray tagging2008In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 597, no 2-3, p. 189-191Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The nuclides Pt168-170 were produced by bombarding isotopically enriched Mo-92,Mo-94 targets with 336, 348 MeV Kr-78 ions. Prompt gamma rays were detected at the target position and provided a selection criterion for the Pt168-170 nuclei. This technique enables the problem of the background from higher-energy alpha decays in the spectrum to be circumvented. The Pt nuclei were separated in flight using the gas-filled separator RITU and implanted into the GREAT spectrometer, which was used to study subsequent alpha decays. The alpha-decay branching ratios of Os164-166 were deduced from the fraction of selected Pt168-170 nuclei correlated with a decays Of Os164-166. The resulting branching ratios agree with the literature values but can have improved precision.

  • 40.
    Binda, F.
    et al.
    Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Uppsala, Sweden.;Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden..
    Bergsåker, Henric
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Electrical Engineering, Fusion Plasma Physics.
    Bykov, Igor
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Electrical Engineering, Fusion Plasma Physics.
    Elevant, Thomas
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Electrical Engineering, Fusion Plasma Physics.
    Frassinetti, Lorenzo
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Electrical Engineering, Fusion Plasma Physics.
    Garcia-Carrasco, Alvaro
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering (EES), Fusion Plasma Physics.
    Hellsten, Torbjörn
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering (EES), Fusion Plasma Physics.
    Ivanova, Darya
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Electrical Engineering, Fusion Plasma Physics.
    Johnson, Thomas
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering (EES), Fusion Plasma Physics.
    Menmuir, Sheena
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Electrical Engineering, Fusion Plasma Physics.
    Petersson, Per
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering (EES), Fusion Plasma Physics.
    Rachlew, Elisabeth
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics.
    Rubel, Marek
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering (EES), Fusion Plasma Physics.
    Ström, Petter
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Electrical Engineering, Fusion Plasma Physics.
    Tholerus, Emmi
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Electrical Engineering, Fusion Plasma Physics.
    Weckmann, Armin
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering (EES), Fusion Plasma Physics.
    Zychor, I.
    et al.,
    Generation of the neutron response function of an NE213 scintillator for fusion applications2017In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 866, p. 222-229Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this work we present a method to evaluate the neutron response function of an NE213 liquid scintillator. This method is particularly useful when the proton light yield function of the detector has not been measured, since it is based on a proton light yield function taken from literature, MCNPX simulations, measurements of gammarays from a calibration source and measurements of neutrons from fusion experiments with ohmic plasmas. The inclusion of the latter improves the description of the proton light yield function in the energy range of interest (around 2.46 MeV). We apply this method to an NE213 detector installed at JET, inside the radiation shielding of the magnetic proton recoil (MPRu) spectrometer, and present the results from the calibration along with some examples of application of the response function to perform neutron emission spectroscopy (NES) of fusion plasmas. We also investigate how the choice of the proton light yield function affects the NES analysis, finding that the result does not change significantly. This points to the fact that the method for the evaluation of the neutron response function is robust and gives reliable results. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier B.V.

  • 41. Blanco, A
    et al.
    Carolino, N
    Correia, C M B A
    Ferreira-Marques, R
    Fonte, P
    Gobbi, A
    Gonzalez-Diaz, D
    Lopes, M I
    Lopes, L
    Macedo, M P
    Mangiarotti, A
    Peskov, Vladimir
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Physics.
    Policarpo, A
    Progress in timing Resistive Plate Chambers2004In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 535, no 1-2, p. 272-276Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Timing RPCs are Resistive Plate Chambers made with glass and metal electrodes separated by precision spacers. Typical gas gaps are a few hundred micrometers wide. Such counters were introduced in 1999 and have since reached timing accuracies below 50 ps sigma with efficiencies above 99% for MIPs. Applications in high-energy physics have already taken place with several more under study. Some recent developments include the extension of the counting rate capability by over one order of magnitude, to 25 kHz/cm(2), with time resolutions below 100 ps sigma. A prototype RPC-based Positron Emission Tomograph yielded a reconstructed point-source resolution of 0.6 mm FWHM and a modified timing RPC design, featuring 50 mum pitch anode strips, allowed to reach extremely good position resolution for hard X-rays in digital readout mode. An analytically solvable model has allowed us to clarify the basic factors influencing the time resolution.

  • 42. Boezio, M.
    et al.
    Pearce, Mark
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Physics.
    The Pamela, Collaboration
    Imaging dark matter with the Pamela experiment2001In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 471, no 02-jan, p. 184-187Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The search for dark matter is a fundamental issue for astroparticle physics. A satellite-borne experiment ('Pamela') is under construction and will study cosmic rays whilst executing a polar orbit at an altitude of 690 km. The experiment comprises a transition radiation detector; a magnetic spectrometer, incorporating silicon tracking and surrounded by an anti-coincidence shield; an electromagnetic imaging calorimeter and a time-of-flight trigger system. This combination of detectors is particularly apt for the study of the antiproton component of cosmic rays from 100 MeV up to a few 100 GeV and will provide important new information for dark matter searches.

  • 43. Bonvicini, V.
    et al.
    Barbiellinia, G.
    Boezio, M.
    Mocchiutti, E.
    Schiavon, P.
    Lund, J.
    Pearce, Mark
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Physics.
    Vignoli, V.
    et al,
    The PAMELA experiment in space2001In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 461, no 03-jan, p. 262-268Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We provide in this paper a status report of the space experiment PAMELA. PAMELA aims primarily to measure the flux of antiparticles, namely antiprotons and positrons, in cosmic rays with unprecedented statistics over a large energy range. Tn addition, it will measure the light nuclear components of cosmic rays, investigate phenomena connected to Solar and Earth physics and it will search for cosmic ray antinuclei with sensitivity better than 10(-7) in the He/He ratio. PAMELA consists of a magnet spectrometer, a transition radiation detector, an imaging calorimeter, a time of flight system and an anticoincidence detector. The apparatus will be installed on board of the Russian satellite of the Resurs type in a polar orbit at about 680 km of altitude. The launch is foreseen for late 2002/early 2003.

  • 44. Bonvicini, V.
    et al.
    Boezio, M.
    Haslum, Eva
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Physics.
    Matveev, D.
    Pearce, Mark
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Physics.
    Vacchi, A.
    Zampa, G.
    Zampa, N.
    New concepts in silicon calorimetry for space experiments2004In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 518, no 1-2, p. 186-187Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In the framework of the INFN R&D project CASIS, we have designed a new double-sided silicon strip detector with parallel strips, optimised for calorimetry. The idea is to read out p and n strips with two types of electronics, having different sensitivities and ranges, in order to increase the overall dynamic range by covering different signal regions. We present results from a test beam we performed at TSL (Uppsala, Sweden) with N, O and Ne ions with energies above 40 MeV/n. The design of a new front-end integrated circuit, with ultra-large dynamic range (more than 10,000 MIP) is under way and the first prototypes will be produced by the end of 2003.

  • 45.
    Bornefalk, Hans
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Physics of Medical Imaging.
    Xu, Cheng
    Svensson, Christer
    Danielsson, Mats
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Physics of Medical Imaging.
    Design considerations to overcome cross talk in a photon counting silicon strip detector for computed tomography2010In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 621, no 1-3, p. 371-378Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This article presents a Monte Carlo simulation of the detector energy response in the presence of pileup in a segmented silicon microstrip detector designed for high flux spectral computed tomography with sub-millimeter pixel size. Currents induced on the collection electrode of a pixel segment are explicitly modeled and signals emanating from events in neighboring pixels are superimposed together with electronic noise before the entire pulse train is processed by a model of the readout electronics to obtain the detector energy response function. The article shows how the lower threshold and the time constant of the electronic filters need to be set in order to minimize the detrimental influence of cross talk from neighboring pixel segments, an issue that is aggravated by the sub-millimeter pixel size and the proposed segmented detector design. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  • 46.
    Bradbury, J.
    et al.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Legnaro, Padua, Italy.;Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, Padua, Italy.;Univ Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, England..
    Testov, D.
    Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, Padua, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, Padua, Italy.;Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia..
    Cederwall, Bo
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Nuclear Physics. KTH Royal Inst Technol, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Liu, Haichun
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Theoretical Chemistry and Biology.
    Szilner, S.
    Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb, Croatia..
    Lifetime measurements using a plunger device and the EUCLIDES Si array at the GALILEO gamma-ray spectrometer2020In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 979, article id 164345Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The GALILEO gamma-ray spectrometer, installed at the Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro (LNL), benefits from intense stable beams provided by the Tandem-ALPI-PIAVE accelerator complex and from radioactive beams to be delivered in the near future by the SPES facility. The spectrometer is complemented with a variety of ancillary devices to allow for nuclear structure and reaction studies. The 4 pi Si-ball array EUCLIDES coupled to the GALILEO gamma-ray spectrometer represents one of the commonly used setup for experiments aiming at spectroscopic studies. High-efficiency detection of light-charged particles in a fusion-evaporation reaction guarantees good discrimination of different reaction channels and provides essential information for the kinematic reconstruction. In this paper we discuss a configuration of the EUCLIDES array developed for the lifetime measurements of nuclear excited states populated in a fusion-evaporation reaction. In such a configuration a part of the EUCLIDES detectors is disassembled allowing for the installation of a plunger device in the reaction chamber. The reduced configuration of EUCLIDES provides high detection efficiency necessary for reliable light charged-particle discrimination. We report on the commissioning experiment focused on the Ni-58(Ni-58,3p)I-113 reaction. The lifetimes of 11/2(-) and 15/2(-) states were measured by applying the Recoil Distance Doppler Shift method to be equal to 206(20) ps and 7.9(12) ps correspondingly and were in good agreement with the values cited in the literature. Thus, the combination of the GALILEO and EUCLIDES arrays, and the plunger device has resulted in a powerful experimental setup to determine lifetimes of excited states in neutron-deficient nuclei in the picosecond range.

  • 47. Brahme, A.
    et al.
    Danielsson, Mats
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Physics.
    Iacobaeus, C.
    Ostling, J.
    Peskov, V.
    Wallmark, M.
    Evaluation of a GEM and CAT-based detector for radiation therapy beam monitoring2000In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 454, no 1, p. 136-141Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We are developing a radiation therapy beam monitor for the Karolinska Institute. This monitor will consist of two consecutive detectors confined in one gas chamber: a keV-photon detector, which will allow diagnostic quality visualization of the patient, and a MeV-photon detector, that will measure the absolute intensity of the therapy beam and its position with respect to the patient. Both detectors are based on highly radiation resistant gas and solid photon to electron converters, combined with GEMs and a CAT as amplification structures. We have performed systematic studies of the high-rate characteristics of the GEM and the CAT, as well as tested the electron transfer through these electron multipliers and various types of converters. The tests show that the GEM and the CAT satisfy all requirements for the beam monitoring system. As a result of these studies we successfully developed and tested a full section of the beam monitor equipped with a MeV-photon converter placed between the GEM and the CAT.

  • 48.
    Bäck, Torbjörn
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics.
    Cederkall, J.
    Cederwall, Bo
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Physics.
    Johnson, Arne
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Physics.
    Kerek, Andras
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Physics.
    Klamra, Wlodzimierz
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Physics.
    van der Marel, J.
    Molnar, J.
    Novak, D.
    Sohler, D.
    Steen, M.
    Uhlen, P.
    A TOF-PET system for educational purposes2002In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 477, no 03-jan, p. 82-87Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A TOF-PET system has been designed and constructed for educational purposes. The aim of this system is to demonstrate the possibilities of positron emission tomography in general and the time-of-flight method in particular to the students of various courses at the Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden. The set-up consists of 48 small BaF2 crystals coupled to fast photomultipliers placed in a ring geometry. The signals of the photomultipliers are fed into fast constant fraction discriminators (CFD). The outputs of these are directed to a specially designed logic VME unit. which combines the CFD signals of 6 neighbouring channels to one signal by adding a different delay to each channel. The logic circuitry produces a prompt pulse for each event that serves as the start pulse for the 8-channel fast TDC. The delayed pulses act as the stop pulses for the TDC. In a computer. the measured times are converted into information about which the photomultipliers fired with the difference in the time of flight. The set-up is described and the results are presented.

  • 49.
    Bäck, Torbjörn
    et al.
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Physics.
    Cederkäll, Joakim
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Physics.
    Cederwall, Bo
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Physics.
    Johnson, Arne
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Physics.
    Kerek, Andras
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Physics.
    Klamra, Wlodzimierz
    van der Marel, J
    Molnar, J
    Novak, D
    Sohler, D
    Steen, M
    Uhlen, P
    An educational tool for demonstrating the TOF-PET technique2001In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 471, no 1-2, p. 200-204Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A detector system for positron emission tomography with time-of-flight capability has been built to serve as an educational tool for undergraduate students. The set-up consists of 48 BaF2 scintillator crystals, each coupled to a fast photo-multiplier tube, mounted in a circular geometry. The analogue detector pulses are handled by fast constant fraction discriminators. A dedicated unit reduces the 48 channels to eight channels via delay-fine encoding, and the signals are then fed to an eight channel fast time-to-digital converter. A VME processor sorts the events and sends them to a workstation where the coincident events are extracted. The time resolution of the detectors together with fast VME based electronics allows for time-of-flight measurements to improve on the signal-to-noise ratio in the, reconstructed images. The system can be used for different types of exercises for the students, varying from the fundamentals of scintillator detectors to advanced image reconstruction. The set-up is described and some results are presented. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

  • 50. Carasco, C.
    et al.
    Perot, B.
    Klamra, Wlodzimierz
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Particle and Astroparticle Physics.
    Le Tourneur, P.
    Lhuissier, M.
    Colonna, A.
    Tintori, C.
    Peerani, P.
    Sequeira, V.
    Salvato, M.
    et al,
    In-field tests of the EURITRACK tagged neutron inspection system2008In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 588, no 3, p. 397-405Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The EURopean Illicit TRAfficking Countermeasures Kit (EURITRACK) inspection system has been designed to complement X-ray scanners in the detection of explosives and other illicit materials hidden in cargo containers. The containers are interrogated by a 14-MeV tagged neutron beam at any suspect position in the X-ray image. Interrogation of a specific volume element with tagged neutrons yields information about the chemical composition of the material. Implementation and performance tests of the EURITRACK system in the Port of Rijeka in Croatia are described. Cargo container inspection results are reported and discussed.

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