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  • 1.
    Afzal, Mohammad
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, MWL Structural and vibroacoustics. kth.
    Lopez Arteaga, Ines
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, MWL Structural and vibroacoustics. Eindhoven University of Technology, the Netherlands.
    Kari, Leif
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, MWL Structural and vibroacoustics.
    A formulation of the Jacobian matrixfor 3D numerical friction contact model applied to turbine blade shroud contactIn: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    An analytical expression is formulated to compute the Jacobian matrix for 3D friction contact modelling that eciently evaluates the matrix while computing the friction contact forces in the time domain by means of the alternate frequency time domain approach. The developed expression is successfully used for thecalculation of the friction damping on a turbine blade with shroud contact interface having an arbitrary 3Drelative displacement. The analytical expression drastically reduces the computation time of the Jacobian matrix with respect to the classical finite dierence method, with many points at the contact interface. Therefore,it also significantly reduces the overall computation time for the solution of the equations of motion,since the formulation of the Jacobian matrix is the most time consuming step in solving the large set of nonlinear algebraic equations when a finite dierence approach is employed. The equations of motion are formulated in the frequency domain using the multiharmonic balance method to accurately capture the nonlinear contact forces and displacements. Moreover, the equations of motion of the full turbine blade model are reduced to a single sector model by exploiting the concept of cyclic symmetry boundary condition for aperiodic structure. Implementation of the developed scheme in solving the equations of motion is proved to be effective and significant reduction in time is achieved without loss of accuracy.

  • 2.
    Alberdi-Muniain, Ane
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, MWL Structural and vibroacoustics.
    Gil-Negrete, N.
    Department of Applied Mechanics, CEIT and Tecnun (University of Navarra).
    Kari, Leif
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, MWL Structural and vibroacoustics.
    Direct energy flow measurement in magneto-sensitive vibration isolator systems2012In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 331, no 9, p. 1994-2006Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The effectiveness of highly nonlinear, frequency, amplitude and magnetic field dependent magneto-sensitive natural rubber components applied in a vibration isolation system is experimentally investigated by measuring the energy flow into the foundation. The energy flow, including both force and velocity of the foundation, is a suitable measure of the effectiveness of a real vibration isolation system where the foundation is not perfectly rigid. The vibration isolation system in this study consists of a solid aluminium mass supported on four magneto-sensitive rubber components and is excited by an electro-dynamic shaker while applying various excitation signals, amplitudes and positions in the frequency range of 20-200 Hz and using magneto-sensitive components at zero-field and at magnetic saturation. The energy flow through the magneto-sensitive rubber isolators is directly measured by inserting a force transducer below each isolator and an accelerometer on the foundation close to each isolator. This investigation provides novel practical insights into the potential of using magneto-sensitive material isolators in noise and vibration control, including their advantages compared to traditional vibration isolators. Finally, nonlinear features of magneto-sensitive components are experimentally verified.

  • 3. Albertson, F.
    et al.
    Boden, Hans
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering.
    Gilbert, J.
    Comparison of different methods to couple nonlinear source descriptions in the time domain to linear system descriptions in the frequency domain - Application to a simple valveless one-cylinder cold engine2006In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 291, no 05-mar, p. 963-985Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In duct acoustics the fundamental sound generating mechanisms must often be described by nonlinear time domain models. A linear frequency domain model is in many cases sufficient for describing the sound propagation in the connected duct system. This applies both for fluid machines such as IC-engines and compressors and for musical wind instruments. Methods for coupling a nonlinear source description to a linear system description have been proposed by several authors. In this paper some of those methods are compared concerning accuracy, calculation time and the possibility to perform parametric studies. The model problem used is a simple piston-restriction system connected to a linear system with varying complexity. The piston and restriction are considered as the source part and are modelled nonlinearly.

  • 4.
    Alenius, Emma
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, MWL Flow acoustics. KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Centres, Competence Center for Gas Exchange (CCGEx).
    Åbom, Mats
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, MWL Flow acoustics. KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Centres, Competence Center for Gas Exchange (CCGEx).
    Fuchs, Laszlo
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Mechanics. KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Centres, Competence Center for Gas Exchange (CCGEx).
    Large eddy simulations of acoustic-flow interaction at an orifice plate2015In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 345, p. 162-177Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The scattering of plane waves by an orifice plate with a strong bias flow, placed in a circular or square duct, is studied through large eddy simulations and dynamic mode decomposition. The acoustic-flow interaction is illustrated, showing that incoming sound waves at a Strouhal number of 0.43 trigger a strong axisymmetric flow structure in the orifice in the square duct, and interact with a self-sustained axisymmetric oscillation in the circular duct orifice. These structures then generate a strong sound, increasing the acoustic energy at the frequency of the incoming wave. The structure triggered in the square duct is weaker than that present in the circular duct, but stronger than structures triggered by waves at other frequencies. Comparing the scattering matrix with measurements, there is a good agreement. However, the results are found to be sensitive to the inflow, where the self-sustained oscillation in the circular duct simulation is an artefact of an axisymmetric, undisturbed inflow. This illustrates a problem with using an undisturbed inflow for studying vortex-sound effects, and can be of interest when considering musical instruments, where the aim is to get maximum amplification of specific tones. Further, it illustrates that at the frequency where an amplification of acoustic energy is found for the orifice plate, the flow has a natural instability, which is suppressed by non-axisymmetry and incoming disturbances.

  • 5. Allam, Sabry
    et al.
    Åbom, Mats
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, Marcus Wallenberg Laboratory MWL.
    Acoustic modelling and testing of diesel particulate filters2005In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 288, no 02-jan, p. 255-273Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The use of Diesel Particulate Filters (DPFs) on automobiles to reduce the harmful effects of diesel exhaust gases is becoming a standard in many countries. Although the main purpose of a DPF is to reduce harmful emission of soot particles it also affects the acoustic emission. This paper presents a first attempt to describe the acoustic behavior of DPFs and to present models which allow the acoustic two-port to be calculated. The simplest model neglects wave propagation and treats the filter as an equivalent acoustic resistance modeled via a lumped impedance element. This simple model gives a constant frequency-independent transmission loss and agrees within I dB with measured data on a typical filter (length 250 mm) up to 200-300 Hz (at 20 degrees C). In the second model, the ceramic filter monolith is described as a system of coupled porous channels carrying plane waves. The coupling between the channels through the porous walls is described via Darcy's law. This model gives a frequency-dependent transmission loss and agrees well with measured data in the entire plane wave range.

  • 6. Allam, Sabry
    et al.
    Åbom, Mats
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, Marcus Wallenberg Laboratory MWL.
    Investigation of damping and radiation using full plane wave decomposition in ducts2006In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 292, no 05-mar, p. 519-534Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A general plane wave decomposition procedure that determines both the wave amplitudes (or the reflection coefficient) and the wavenumbers is proposed for in-duct measurements. To improve the quality of the procedure, overdetermi nation and a nonlinear least-squares procedure is used. The procedure has been tested using a six microphone array, and used for accurate measurements of the radiation from an open unflanged pipe with flow. The experimental results for the reflection coefficient magnitude and the end correction have been compared with the theory of Munt. The agreement is very good if the maximum speed rather than the average is used to compare measurements and theory. This result is the first complete experimental validation of the theory of Munt [Acoustic transmission properties of a jet pipe with subsonic jet flow, 1: the cold jet reflection coefficient, Journal of Sound and Vibration 142(3) (1990) 413-436]. The damping of the plane wave (the imaginary part of the wavenumber) could also be obtained from the experimental data. It is found that the damping increases strongly, compared with the damping for a quiescent fluid.. when the acoustic boundary layer becomes thicker than the viscous sublayer. This finding is in agreement with a few earlier measurements and is also in agreement with a theoretical model proposed by Howe [The damping of sound by wall turbulent sheer layers, Journal of Acoustic Society, of America 98(3) (1995) 1723-17301. The results reported here are the first experimental verifications of Howe's model. It is found that the model works well typically up to a normalized acoustic boundary layer thickness delta(+)(A) of 30-40. For values of A a delta(+)(A) less than 10, corresponding to higher frequencies or lower flow speeds, the model proposed by Dokumaci [A note on A transmission of sound in a wide pipe with mean flow and viscothermal attenuation, Journal of Sound and Vibration 208(4) (1997) 653-655] is also in good agreement with the experimental data.

  • 7. Allam, Sabry
    et al.
    Åbom, Mats
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, Marcus Wallenberg Laboratory MWL.
    Sound propagation in an array of narrow porous channels with application to diesel particulate filters2006In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 291, no 05-mar, p. 882-901Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In an earlier work the authors have presented a 1-D acoustic model for diesel particulate filters (DPFs). One shortcoming of this first model is the approximate treatment of the viscous and thermal losses along the narrow channels. In the present paper this issue is analyzed in more detail, by solving the convective acoustic wave equations for two neighboring channels simplified in the manner of the Zwikker and Kosten theory. From the solution the acoustic two-port has been calculated to predict the sound transmission losses for an entire DPF unit. The theoretical results are compared with experimental data for clean filter units at room temperature and the agreement is very good and better, in particular for very small Mach numbers, than for the earlier presented 1-D model. A modified 1-D model using the classical (exact) Kirchhoff solution for a plane wave in a narrow tube is also presented. This modified 1-D model is in close agreement with the predictions of the new model. Furthermore, the earlier proposed 1-D model, which assumes isothermal sound propagation, works satisfactorily up to 800-1000Hz for a typical filter at operating (hot) conditions.

  • 8.
    Ashwear, Nasseradeen
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Mechanics, Structural Mechanics.
    Eriksson, Anders
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Mechanics, Structural Mechanics.
    Reducing effects from environmental temperature on the natural frequencies of tensegrity structuresIn: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568Article in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [en]

    n vibration health monitoring, dynamic properties such as natural frequencies and mode shapes are used as tools for assessing the structures health condition.~They are, however, also affected by environmental conditions like wind, humidity and temperature changes. Of particular importance is the change of the environmental temperature, and it is the most commonly considered environmental variable that influences the vibration health monitoring algorithms.~This paper discusses how the tensegrity structures can be designed such that some of their lowest natural frequencies are less sensitive to the temperature changes. A genetic algorithm is used to solve the optimization problem. In the form-finding stage, an asymmetric self-stress vector can be chosen so that the criterion is fulfilled as well as possible. The level of pre-stress can also be regulated to achieve the solution, particularly when a symmetric self-stress vector is chosen.

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  • 9.
    Backström, Daniel
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering.
    Nilsson, Anders Christian
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering.
    Modelling the vibration of sandwich beams using frequency dependent parameters2007In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 300, no 3-5, p. 589-611Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Various types of sandwich beams with foam or honeycomb cores are currently used in the industry, indicating the need for simple methods describing the dynamics of these complex structures. By implementing frequency-dependent parameters, the vibration of sandwich composite beams can be approximated using simple fourth-order beam theory. A higher-order sandwich beam model is utilized in order to obtain estimates of the frequency-dependent bending stiffness and shear modulus of the equivalent Bernoulli-Euler and Timoshenko models. The resulting predicted eigenfrequencies and transfer accellerance functions are compared to the data obtained from the higher-order model and from measurements.

  • 10.
    Berggren, Eric
    et al.
    Swedish National Rail Administration, Technical Department, 781 85 Borl ̈ange, Sweden.
    Kaynia, Amir
    Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI), P.O. Box 3930 Ullev ̊al Stadion, 0806 Oslo, Norway.
    Dehlbom, Björn
    Ramb ̈oll, Box 1932, 791 19 Falun, Sweden.
    Identification of Substructure Properties of Railway Tracks by Dynamic Stiffness Measurements and Simulations2010In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 329, no 19, p. 3999-4016Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A new vehicle has been developed to measure dynamic vertical track stiffness while in motion. This technique allows the resonance behaviour of the track below 50 Hz to be measured. Soft soils like clay and peat are the main causes of resonance below 20 Hz. By means of simulation studies with the software VibTrain, soft soil resonance behaviour may be characterized using a few key parameters originating from track stiffness measurements, such as the minimum phase delay and corresponding frequency of the receptance transfer function. Statistical models are built to relate these key parameters with substructure properties, such as embankment thickness, shear wave velocity and thickness of the soft soil layer using pattern recognition methods. Two case studies are used to show the methodology, and the results are verified using Ground Penetration Radar (GPR) measurements and borehole investigations. Models are also developed from the statistical relationship between GPR-data and stiffness measurements. It is shown that embankment thickness is the easiest quantity to estimate, but indicative results are also presented for the other quantities (shear wave velocity and thickness of soil layer).

     

  • 11.
    Besselink, Bart
    et al.
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering (EES), Automatic Control. KTH, School of Electrical Engineering (EES), Centres, ACCESS Linnaeus Centre.
    Tabak, U.
    Lutowska, A.
    van de Wouw, N.
    Nijmeijer, H.
    Rixen, D. J.
    Hochstenbach, M. E.
    Schilders, W. H. A.
    A comparison of model reduction techniques from structural dynamics, numerical mathematics and systems and control2013In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 332, no 19, p. 4403-4422Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper, popular model reduction techniques from the fields of structural dynamics, numerical mathematics and systems and control are reviewed and compared. The motivation for such a comparison stems from the fact that the model reduction techniques in these fields have been developed fairly independently. In addition, the insight obtained by the comparison allows for making a motivated choice for a particular model reduction technique, on the basis of the desired objectives and properties of the model reduction problem. In particular, a detailed review is given on mode displacement techniques, moment matching methods and balanced truncation, whereas important extensions are outlined briefly. In addition, a qualitative comparison of these methods is presented, hereby focusing both on theoretical and computational aspects. Finally, the differences are illustrated on a quantitative level by means of application of the model reduction techniques to a common example.

  • 12. Birgersson, F.
    et al.
    Ferguson, N. S.
    Finnveden, Svante
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Vehicle Engineering.
    Application of the spectral finite element method to turbulent boundary layer induced vibration of plates2003In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 259, no 4, p. 873-891Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The spectral finite element method and equally the dynamic stiffness method use exponential functions as basis functions. Thus it is possible to find exact solutions to the homogeneous equations of motion for simple rod, beam, plate and shell structures. Normally, this restricts the analysis to elements where the excitation is at the element ends. This study removes the restriction for distributed excitation, that in particular has an exponential spatial dependence, by the inclusion of the particular solution in the set of basis functions. These elementary solutions, in turn, build up the solution for an arbitrary homogeneous random excitation. A numerical implementation for the vibration of a plate, excited by a turbulent boundary layer flow, is presented. The results compare favourably with results from conventional modal analysis.

  • 13. Birgersson, F.
    et al.
    Finnveden, Svante
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, Marcus Wallenberg Laboratory MWL.
    A spectral super element for modelling of plate vibration. Part 2: turbulence excitation2005In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 287, no 02-jan, p. 315-328Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In the accompanying paper, the suitability of a spectral super element to predict the response to point force excitation, was demonstrated. This paper expands the element formulation to also include distributed forces, which is useful when studying distributed excitation. First the sensitivity function, i.e. the structural response to a travelling pressure wave, is found. This sensitivity function and a wavenumber frequency description of the wall pressure are then used to predict the response of a turbulence excited panel in a numerically efficient way. The predictions were validated by a conventional finite element method and also compared to measurements.

  • 14. Birgersson, F.
    et al.
    Finnveden, Svante
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, Marcus Wallenberg Laboratory MWL.
    Nilsson, C. M.
    A spectral super element for modelling of plate vibration. Part 1: general theory2005In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 287, no 02-jan, p. 297-314Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The dynamic response of vibrating structures is studied with a proposed merger of the standard finite element method with the more computationally efficient spectral finite element method. First a plate structure is modelled with a newly developed spectral super element. Then this element is coupled to other parts that can have a more complex geometry and are modelled entirely with conventional finite elements. Some numerical examples are given to illustrate and validate the developed method and studies of numerical stability are also presented. In an accompanying paper the predicted and measured response of a turbulence excited aircraft panel are compared.

  • 15.
    Birgersson, F.
    et al.
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Vehicle Engineering.
    Finnveden, Svante
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Vehicle Engineering.
    Robert, G.
    Modelling turbulence-induced vibration of pipes with a spectral finite element method2004In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 278, no 05-apr, p. 749-772Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The vibration of pipes is studied here using the Arnold-Warburton theory for thin shells and a simplified theory valid in a lower frequency regime. The vibrational response is described numerically with the spectral finite element method (SFEM), which uses the exact solutions of the equations of motion as basis functions. For turbulence excitation, the set of basis functions was extended to include particular solutions, which model a spatially distributed excitation. An efficient numerical solution to homogeneous random excitation is presented and the results compare favourably with wind tunnel measurements.

  • 16.
    Birgersson, Fredrik
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, Marcus Wallenberg Laboratory MWL.
    Ferguson, Neil S
    Application of the spectral finite element method to turbulent boundary layer induced vibrations of plates2003In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 259, p. 873-891Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 17.
    Blom, Peter
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, MWL Structural and vibroacoustics.
    Kari, Leif
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, MWL Structural and vibroacoustics.
    A non-linear constitutive audio frequency magneto-sensitive rubber model including amplitude, frequency and magnetic field dependence.2011In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 330, no 5, p. 947-954Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A novel constitutive model of magneto-sensitive rubber in the audible frequency range is presented. Characteristics inherent to magneto-sensitive rubber within this dynamic regime are defined: magnetic sensitivity, amplitude dependence, elasticity and viscoelasticity. Prior to creating the model assumptions based on experimental observations concerning these components are formulated. The first observation is that not only does the rubber display a strong amplitude dependence even for small strains, but also the magnetic sensitivity is strongly amplitude dependent. The second and third are, respectively, that the elastic component is magneto-sensitive, whereas the viscoelastic dependence on magnetic induction appears to be small. Thus, the model is developed from these assumptions and parameters are optimized with respect to experimental values for one case and subsequently validated for others; a very good agreement is obtained.

  • 18.
    Boden, Hans
    et al.
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Vehicle Engineering.
    Albertson, F.
    Linearity tests for in-duct acoustic one-port sources2000In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 237, no 1, p. 45-65Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Acoustic one-port source data are commonly used to predict the plane wave sound generation in duct and pipe systems connected to fluid machines. The source data are usually determined experimentally, which assumes that linear time-invariant system theory can be used. Since some machines such as IC-engines and compressors generate very high sound levels in the connecting ducts or pipes it is of interest to investigate whether the assumption of linearity is justified. Linearity tests for linear system identification when both input and output signals can be measured are common in the literature. In the case when only the output signal can be measured linearity tests are not so readily found. This paper presents two different linearity coefficients for determining whether an acoustic one-port source under test is linear. Their sensitivity to random noise and their ability to detect non-linearities are investigated by simulations and measurements on several types of machines.

  • 19.
    Boden, Hans
    et al.
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Vehicle Engineering.
    Sarin, S.
    Aeroacoustic research in Europe: The CEAS-ASC report on 1999 highlights2000In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 237, no 3, p. 477-482Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper is a report on the highlights of aeroacoustics research and development in Europe in 1999, compiled from the information provided to the Aeroacoustics Specialists Committee (ASC) of the Confederation of European Aerospace Societies (CEAS). CEAS presently comprises the national Aerospace Societies of France (AAAF), Germany (DGLR), Italy (AIDAA), The Netherlands (NVvL), Spain (AIAE), Sweden (FTEF), Switzerland (SVFW) and the United Kingdom (RaeS).

  • 20.
    Bodén, Hans
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, MWL Flow acoustics. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Centres, Linné Flow Center, FLOW.
    One-sided multi-port techniques for characterisation of in-duct samples with nonlinear acoustic properties2012In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 331, no 13, p. 3050-3067Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Single sided multi-port system identification techniques, using sinusoidal excitation, for studying nonlinear energy transfer to higher harmonics for samples only accessible from one side such as perforated liners used as wall treatment in aircraft engine ducts are presented. The starting point is the so called polyharmonic distortion theory used for studying microwave systems. Models of different level of complexity are developed and the system identification results are compared. Experimental results, including error analysis, for a perforate sample are presented. The use of these techniques for analysing nonlinear energy transfer to higher harmonics and to improve the understanding of the physical phenomena involved are illustrated.

  • 21.
    Bodén, Hans
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering.
    Efraimsson, Gunilla
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering.
    Aeroacoustics research in Europe: The CEAS-ASC report on 2012 highlights2013In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 332, no 25, p. 6617-6636Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The Council of European Aerospace Societies (CEAS) Aeroacoustics Specialists Committee (ASC) supports and promotes the interests of the scientific and industrial aeroacoustics community on an European scale and European aeronautics activities internationally. In this context, "aeroacoustics" encompasses all aerospace acoustics and related areas. Each year the committee highlights some of the research and development projects in Europe. This paper is a report on highlights of aeroacoustics research in Europe in 2012, compiled from information provided to the ASC of the CEAS. During 2012, a number of research programmes involving aeroacoustics were funded by the European Commission. Some of the highlights from these programmes are summarized in this paper, as well as highlights from other programmes funded by national programmes or by industry. Enquiries concerning all contributions should be addressed to the authors who are given at the end of each subsection.

  • 22.
    Boij, Susann
    et al.
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Vehicle Engineering.
    Nilsson, B.
    Växjö University, School of Mathematics and Systems Engineering, Sweden.
    Reflection of sound at area expansions in a flow duct2003In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 260, no 3, p. 477-498Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    An analytical model for scattering at area discontinuities and sharp edges in flow ducts and pipes is presented. The application we have in mind is large industrial duct systems, where sound attenuation by reactive and absorptive baffle silencers is of great importance. Such devices commonly have a rectangular cross-section, so the model is chosen as two-dimensional. Earlier solutions to this problem are reviewed in the paper. The modelling of the flow conditions downstream of the area expansion, with and without extended edges, and its implications for the resulting acoustic modes are discussed. Here, the scattering problem is solved with the Wiener–Hopf technique, and a Kutta condition is applied at the edge. The solution of the wave equation downstream of the expansion includes hydrodynamic waves, of which one is a growing wave. Theoretical results are compared with experimental data for the reflection coefficient for the plane wave, at frequencies below the cut-on for higher order modes. Influence of the interaction between the sound field and the flow field is discussed. A region where the reflection coefficient is strongly Strouhal number dependent is found.

  • 23.
    Boij, Susann
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, Marcus Wallenberg Laboratory MWL.
    Nilsson, B.
    Växjö University, School of Mathematics and Systems Engineering, Sweden.
    Scattering and absorption of sound at flow duct expansions2006In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 289, no 3, p. 577-594Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The scattering of plane acoustic waves at area expansions in flow ducts is analysed using the vortex sheet model where the flow at the expansion is modelled as a jet, with a vortex sheet emanating from the edge. Of particular interest is the influence of the flow field on acoustic scattering and absorption. First, it is demonstrated that the stability properties of the shear layer can be simulated by modifying the edge condition within the vortex sheet model. To this end the accuracy for the region where the shear layer is changing from unstable to stable is improved by introducing a gradually relaxed Kutta edge condition with empirically derived coefficients. For low Strouhal numbers the vortex sheet model applies and for higher Strouhal numbers the two models converge. Second, it is demonstrated that the acoustic transmission through the jet expansion region can be determined by neglecting the scattering there. Incorporating this assumption, the vortex sheet model reproduces well the experimental results on transmission and absorption for an area expansion. This result supports the assumption that the main part of the scattering occurs at the area expansion at least for the low-frequency range. Furthermore, the influence of the flow field is particularly strong for small Strouhal numbers.

  • 24. Bonfiglio, P.
    et al.
    Pompoli, F.
    Peplow, Andrew T.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, Marcus Wallenberg Laboratory MWL.
    Nilsson, A. C.
    Aspects of computational vibration transmission for sandwich panels2007In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 303, no 3-5, p. 780-797Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper considers elastic wave propagation and vibration transmission in lightweight composite structures. Specifically a spectral finite element method (SFEM) is developed as an effective numerical tool for the analysis of wave motion in uniform laminated elastic media. In short, SFEM combines a standard finite element method in the direction of layering together with analytical solutions for the remaining direction. This partial discretization leads naturally, via the variational formulation, to dispersion relations for uniform sections of built-up laminates and thus provides valuable information for a wave propagation analysis. Dynamic responses of the vibrating structures are also investigated and numerical simulations compared against a standard finite element method. The predicted transfer accelerances obtained for the steel beam and two sandwich panels are compared with measured data from laboratory experiments.

  • 25.
    Cameron, Christopher J.
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for ECO2 Vehicle design.
    Nordgren, Eleonora Lind
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for ECO2 Vehicle design.
    Wennhage, Per
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for ECO2 Vehicle design.
    Göransson, Peter
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for ECO2 Vehicle design.
    On the balancing of structural and acoustic performance of a sandwich panel based on topology, property, and size optimization2014In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 333, no 13, p. 2677-2698Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Balancing structural and acoustic performance of a multi-layered sandwich panel is a formidable undertaking. Frequently the gains achieved in terms of reduced weight, still meeting the structural design requirements, are lost by the changes necessary to regain acceptable acoustic performance. To alleviate this, a design method for a multifunctional load bearing vehicle body panel is proposed which attempts to achieve a balance between structural and acoustic performance. The approach is based on numerical modelling of the structural and acoustic behaviour in a combined topology, size, and property optimization in order to achieve a three dimensional optimal distribution of structural and acoustic foam materials within the bounding surfaces of a sandwich panel. In particular the effects of the coupling between one of the bounding surface face sheets and acoustic foam are examined for its impact on both the structural and acoustic overall performance of the panel. The results suggest a potential in introducing an air gap between the acoustic foam parts and one of the face sheets, provided that the structural design constraints are met without prejudicing the layout of the different foam types.

  • 26.
    Ceci, Alessandro
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Mechanics, Fluid Physics.
    Gojon, Romain
    ISAE-SUPAERO, Université de Toulouse, France.
    Mihaescu, Mihai
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Centres, Competence Center for Gas Exchange (CCGEx). KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Centres, Linné Flow Center, FLOW.
    Computational analysis of the indirect combustion noise generation mechanism in a nozzle guided vane in transonic operating conditions2021In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 496Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The combustion noise in modern engines is mainly originating from two types of mechanisms. First, chemical reactions in the combustion chamber leads to an unsteady heat release which is responsible of the direct combustion noise. Second, hot and cold blobs of air coming from the combustion chamber are advected and accelerated through turbine stages, giving rise to entropy noise (or indirect combustion noise). In the present work, numerical characterization of indirect combustion noise of a Nozzle Guide Vane passage was assessed using three-dimensional Large Eddy Simulations. The present work offers an overview to the analytical, computational and experimental studies of the topic. Numerical simulations are conducted to reproduce the effects of incoming planar entropy waves from the combustion chamber and to characterize the generated acoustic power. The dynamic features of the flow are addressed by the means of frequency domain and modal analyses techniques such as Fourier Decomposition and Proper Orthogonal Decomposition. Finally, the predicted entropy noise from numerical calculations is compared with the analytical results of an actuator disk model for a stator stage. The present paper proves that the generated indirect combustion noise can be significant for transonic operating conditions. The blade acoustic response is characterized by the excitation of a latent dynamics at the forcing frequency of the planar entropy waves, and it increases as the amplitude of the incoming disturbances increases.

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  • 27.
    Colmenares, Daniel
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Structural Engineering and Bridges.
    Andersson, Andreas
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Structural Engineering and Bridges.
    Karoumi, Raid
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Structural Engineering and Bridges.
    Closed-form solution for mode superposition analysis of continuous beams on flexible supports under moving harmonic loads2022In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 520, p. 116587-, article id 116587Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper, a closed-form solution of the moving harmonic load problem for continuous Euler- Bernoulli beam systems is presented. The generality of the boundary conditions is taken into account by solving the characteristic equation of the system, obtaining its natural frequencies and mode shapes. The undetermined coefficient method is applied to solve the governing differential equation of motion, determining the base functions of the solution space of the problem. For vertical vibrations, three numerical examples of footbridges are presented. The main contribution of this paper is to provide the closed-form solution of the moving harmonic load problem applied to continuous footbridges including the phase angle in the load definition. In this way, it is possible to find the solution in the time domain of the harmonic component of any load spectra.

  • 28.
    Dovstam, Krister
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering.
    Göransson, Peter
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, MWL Structural and vibroacoustics.
    Gartmeier, Otto
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering.
    On linear modeling of interface damping in vibrating structures2012In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 331, no 19, p. 4299-4312Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Dissipation of mechanical vibration energy at contact interfaces in a structure, commonly referred to as interface damping, is an important source of vibration damping in built-up structures and its modeling is the focus of the present study. The approach taken uses interface forces which are linearly dependent on the relative vibration displacements at the contact interfaces. The main objective is to demonstrate a straightforward technique for simulation of interface damping in built-up structures using FE modeling and simple, distributed, damping forces localized to interfaces where the damping occurs. As an illustration of the resulting damping the dissipated power is used for evaluation purposes. This is calculated from surface integrals over the contact interfaces and allows for explicit assessment of the effect of simulated interface forces for different cases and frequencies. The resulting loss factor at resonance is explicitly evaluated and, using linear simulations, it is demonstrated that high damping levels may arise even though the displacement differences between contacting surfaces at damped interfaces may be very small.

  • 29.
    Du, Lin
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering. KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Centres, Competence Center for Gas Exchange (CCGEx). Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, China.
    Holmberg, Andreas
    Karlsson, Mikael
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering. KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Centres, Competence Center for Gas Exchange (CCGEx).
    Åbom, Mats
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Centres, Linné Flow Center, FLOW.
    Sound amplification at a rectangular T-junction with merging mean flows2016In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 367, p. 69-83Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper reports a numerical study on the aeroacoustic response of a rectangular T-junction with merging mean flows. The primary motivation of the work is to explain the high sound amplification, recently seen experimentally, when introducing a small merging bias flow. The acoustic results are found solving the compressible Linearized Navier-Stokes Equations (LNSEs) in the frequency domain, where the base flow is first obtained using RANS with a k-epsilon turbulence model. The model predicts the measured scattering data well, including the amplitude and Strouhal number for the peak amplification, if the effect of eddy viscosity damping is included. It is found that the base flow changes significantly with the presence of a small bias flow. Compared to pure grazing flow a strong unstable shear layer is created in the downstream main duct starting from the T-junction trailing edge. This means that the main region of vortex-sound interaction is moved away from the junction to a downstream region much larger than the junction width. To analyze the sound amplification in this region Howe's energy corollary and the growth of acoustic density are used.

  • 30.
    Feng, Leping
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, MWL Structural and vibroacoustics.
    Acoustic properties of fluid-filled elastic pipes1994In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 176, no 3, p. 399-413Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 31.
    Feng, Leping
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, MWL Structural and vibroacoustics.
    Experimental studies of the acoustic behaviour of a finite pipe filled with/without fluid1996In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 189, no 4, p. 511-524Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 32.
    Feng, Leping
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, MWL Structural and vibroacoustics.
    Noise and vibration of fluid-filled elastic pipe coated with an absorptive layer on the inner side of the wall1995In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 183, no 1, p. 169-178Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 33.
    Finnveden, Svante
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering.
    A quantitative criterion validating coupling power proportionality in statistical energy analysis2011In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 330, no 1, p. 87-109Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The response of two general spring-coupled elements is investigated to develop a unifying approach to the weak coupling criterion in Statistical Energy Analysis (SEA). First, the coupled deterministic equations of motion are expressed in the bases given by the Uncoupled elements' eigenmodes. Then, an iterative solution is expressed as a succession of exchanges between elements, where uncoupled motion provides the start approximation, converging lithe 'coupling eigenvalue' is less than unity, in which case coupling is said to be weak. This definition is related to whether response is 'local' or 'global', encompassing a number of previously defined coupling strength definitions, applying for deterministically described structures. A stochastic ensemble is defined by that its members are equal to the investigated structure but the elements have random frequencies. It is required that the coupling eigenvalue be less than unity for all members of the ensemble. This requirement generates the title subject of the article: 'the modal interaction strength'. It is similar to the previously defined coupling strength criterion characterising the ensemble average energy flow in uni-dimensional waveguides. Finally, SEA models are formulated in terms of the uncoupled elements' modal data.

  • 34.
    Finnveden, Svante
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, MWL Structural and vibroacoustics.
    A symmetric formulation for experimental statistical energy analysis1999In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 223, p. 161-169Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 35.
    Finnveden, Svante
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, MWL Structural and vibroacoustics.
    Comments on: “The high-frequency response of a plate carrying a concentrated mass/spring system."1999In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 225, p. 783-800Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 36.
    Finnveden, Svante
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, MWL Structural and vibroacoustics.
    Ensemble averaged vibration energy flows in a three-element structure1995In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 187, p. 495-529Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 37.
    Finnveden, Svante
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, MWL Structural and vibroacoustics.
    Evaluation of modal density and group velocity by a finite element method2004In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 273, no 02-jan, p. 51-75Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A finite element method (FEM), the waveguide-FEM, is used to calculate wave propagation characteristics for built-up thin-walled structures. Such characteristics are determined from a dispersion relation in the form of an eigenvalue problem established from the FE formulation. In particular, vital characteristics such as the modal density, the group velocity and the waveform are evaluated. A description of the evaluation of a dispersion relation for a channel beam, from data given by the FE formulation, is presented. Subsequently, the method for determining the modal density and group velocity from FE input data is shown in detail for the beam structure. To show the versatility of the method a second example considers a statistical energy analysis (SEA), made to establish the degree to which vibrations in a wind tunnel are transmitted to a thin-walled plate mounted into its wall. The critical input datum to the SEA model is the wind tunnel's modal density, which is calculated by the method presented.

  • 38.
    Finnveden, Svante
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, MWL Structural and vibroacoustics.
    Formulas for modal density and for input power from mechanical and fluid point sources in fluid filled pipes1997In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 208, p. 705-728Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 39.
    Finnveden, Svante
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, MWL Structural and vibroacoustics.
    Simplified equations of motion for the radial-axial vibrations of fluid filled pipes1997In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 208, p. 685-703Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 40.
    Finnveden, Svante
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, MWL Structural and vibroacoustics.
    Spectral finite element analysis of the vibration of straight fluid-filled pipes with flanges1997In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 199, p. 125-154Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 41.
    Finnveden, Svante
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, MWL Structural and vibroacoustics.
    The boundary condition for a free surface with gravity waves formulated as a locally reacting surface impedance1987In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 112, p. 575-576Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 42.
    Finnveden, Svante
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, Marcus Wallenberg Laboratory MWL.
    Fraggstedt, Martin
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, Marcus Wallenberg Laboratory MWL.
    Waveguide finite elements for curved structures2008In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 312, no 4-5, p. 644-671Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A waveguide finite element formulation for the analysis of curved structures is introduced. The formulation is valid for structures that along one axis have constant properties. It is based on a modified Hamilton's principle valid for general linear viscoelastic motion, which is derived here. Using this principle, material properties such as losses may be distributed in the system and may vary with frequency. Element formulations for isoparametric solid elements and deep shell elements are presented for curved waveguides as well as for straight waveguides. In earlier works, the curved elements have successfully been used to model a passenger car tyre. Here a simple validation example and convergence study is presented, which considers a finite length circular cylinder and all four elements presented are used, in turn, to model this structure. Calculated results compare favourably to those in the literature.

  • 43.
    Finnveden, Svante
    et al.
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Vehicle Engineering.
    Pinnington, R. J.
    A velocity method for estimating dynamic strain and stress in pipes2000In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 229, no 1, p. 147-182Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A velocity method for estimating dynamic strain and stress in pipe structures is investigated. With this method, predicted or measured spatial average vibration velocity and theoretically derived strain factors are used to estimate maximum strain at the ends of pipes. Theoretical investigation shows that the strain at a point is limited by an expression proportional to the square root of the strain energy density, which in turn is related to its cross-sectional average. For a reverberant field or for an infinite pipe, the average strain energy density is proportional to the mean square velocity. Upon this basis, the non-dimensional strain factor is defined as the maximum strain times the ratio of the sound velocity to the spatial root mean square vibration velocity. Measurements are made confirming that this is a descriptive non-dimensional number. Using a spectral finite element method, numerical experiments are made varying the pipe parameters and considering all 16 homogeneous boundary conditions. While indicating possible limitations of the method when equipment is mounted on pipes, the experiments verify the theoretical results. The velocity method may become useful in engineering practice for assessments of fatigue life.

  • 44.
    Finnveden, Svante
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, MWL Structural and vibroacoustics.
    Pinnington, Roger
    A velocity method for estimating dynamic strain and stress in pipes.2000In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 229, p. 147-182Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 45.
    Fraggstedt, Martin
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, Marcus Wallenberg Laboratory MWL.
    Finnveden, Svante
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, Marcus Wallenberg Laboratory MWL.
    A Waveguide Finite Element Model Of A Pneumatic Tyre2007In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 46.
    Fraggstedt, Martin
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, Marcus Wallenberg Laboratory MWL.
    Finnveden, Svante
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, Marcus Wallenberg Laboratory MWL.
    Power dissipation in car tyres2008In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 47.
    Gao, K.
    et al.
    Eindhoven University of Technology, Mechanics of Materials, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Netherlands.
    van Dommelen, J. A. W.
    Eindhoven University of Technology, Mechanics of Materials, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Netherlands.
    Göransson, Peter
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, Marcus Wallenberg Laboratory MWL.
    Geers, M. G. D.
    Eindhoven University of Technology, Mechanics of Materials, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Netherlands.
    A homogenization approach for characterization of the fluid-solid coupling parameters in Biot's equations for acoustic poroelastic materials2015In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 351, p. 251-267Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper, a homogenization method is proposed to obtain the parameters of Biot's poroelastic theory from a multiscale perspective. It is assumed that the behavior of a macroscopic material point can be captured through the response of a microscopic Representative Volume Element (RVE) consisting of both a solid skeleton and a gaseous fluid. The macroscopic governing equations are assumed to be Biot's poroelastic equations and the RVE is governed by the conservation of linear momentum and the adopted linear constitutive laws under the isothermal condition. With boundary conditions relying on the macroscopic solid displacement and fluid pressure, the homogenized solid stress and fluid displacement are obtained based on energy consistency. This homogenization framework offers an approach to obtain Biot's parameters directly through the response of the RVE in the regime of Darcy's flow where the pressure gradient is dominating. A numerical experiment is performed in the form of a sound absorption test on a porous material with an idealized partially open microstructure that is described by Biot's equations where the parameters are obtained through the proposed homogenization approach. The result is evaluated by comparison with Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS), showing a superior performance of this approach compared to an alternative semiphenomenological model for estimating Biot's parameters of the studied porous material.

  • 48.
    Gao, K.
    et al.
    Eindhoven University of Technology, Mechanics of Materials, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Netherlands.
    van Dommelen, J. A. W.
    Eindhoven University of Technology, Mechanics of Materials, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Netherlands.
    Göransson, Peter
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, Marcus Wallenberg Laboratory MWL.
    Geers, M. G. D.
    Eindhoven University of Technology, Mechanics of Materials, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Netherlands.
    Computational homogenization of sound propagation in a deformable porous material including microscopic viscous-thermal effects2016In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 365, p. 119-133Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Porous materials like acoustic foams can be used for acoustic shielding, which is important for high-tech systems and human comfort. In this paper, a homogenization model is proposed to investigate the relation between the microstructure and the resulting macroscopic acoustic properties. The macroscopic absorption ability is due to the microscopic viscous-thermal coupling between an elastic solid skeleton and a gaseous fluid in the associated Representative Volume Element (RVE). The macro-to-micro relation is realized through the boundary conditions of the microscopic RVE, which relies on the macroscopic solid deformation and fluid pressure gradient. By assuming that the variation of the macroscopic energy per unit volume equals the volume average of the variation of the microscopic energy, the macroscopic solid stress and fluid displacement can be calculated from the corresponding microscopic quantities. Making additional assumptions on this approach, Biot's poroelastic theory is recovered. A case study is performed through the simulations of sound absorption in three porous materials, one made from aluminum and two from different polyurethane foams. For simplicity, an idealized partially open cubic microstructure is adopted. The homogenization results are evaluated by comparison with Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS), revealing an adequate performance of the approach for the studied porous material. By comparing the results of different solid materials, it is found that the solid stiffness has a limited effect when resonance does not occur. Nevertheless, due to the absence of the microscopic fluctuation, Biot's model with the parameters obtained from the homogenization approach predicts a higher resonance frequency than the DNS, whereas a full homogenization modification improves the prediction.

  • 49. Gavric, L.
    et al.
    Calsson, Ulf
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, MWL Structural and vibroacoustics.
    Feng, Leping
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, MWL Structural and vibroacoustics.
    Measurement of structural intensity using a normal mode approach1997In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 206, no 1, p. 81-101Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 50.
    Gebretsadik, Elias Kassa
    et al.
    Chalmers University of Technology.
    Nielsen, Jens
    Chalmers University of technology.
    Dynamic train-turnout interaction in an extended frequency range using a detailed model of track dynamics2009In: Journal of Sound and Vibration, ISSN 0022-460X, E-ISSN 1095-8568, Vol. 320, no 4-5, p. 893-914Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A time domain solution method for general three-dimensional dynamic interaction of train and turnout (switch and crossing) that accounts for excitation in an extended frequency range (up to several hundred Hz) is proposed. Based on a finite element (FE) model of a standard turnout design, a complex-valued modal superposition of track dynamics is applied using the first 500 eigenmodes of the turnout model. The three-dimensional model includes the distribution of structural flexibility along the turnout, such as bending and torsion of rails and sleepers, and the variations in rail cross-section and sleeper length. Convergence of simulation results is studied while using an increasing number of eigenmodes. It is shown that modes with eigenfrequencies up to at least 200 Hz have a significant influence on the magnitudes of the wheel-rail contact forces. Results from using a simplified track model with a commercial computer program for low-frequency vehicle dynamics are compared with the results from using the detailed FE model in conjunction with the proposed method.

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