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  • 1. Abrahamsson, Christoffer
    et al.
    Nordstierna, Lars
    Nordin, Matias
    Dvinskikh, Sergey V.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Applied Physical Chemistry. St. Petersburg State University, Russian Federation.
    Nyden, Magnus
    Magnetic orientation of nontronite clay in aqueous dispersions and its effect on water diffusion2015In: Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, ISSN 0021-9797, E-ISSN 1095-7103, Vol. 437, p. 205-210Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The diffusion rate of water in dilute clay dispersions depends on particle concentration, size, shape, aggregation and water-particle interactions. As nontronite clay particles magnetically align parallel to the magnetic field, directional self-diffusion anisotropy can be created within such dispersion. Here we study water diffusion in exfoliated nontronite clay dispersions by diffusion NMR and time-dependant 1H-NMR-imaging profiles. The dispersion clay concentration was varied between 0.3 and 0.7 vol%. After magnetic alignment of the clay particles in these dispersions a maximum difference of 20% was measured between the parallel and perpendicular self-diffusion coefficients in the dispersion with 0.7 vol% clay. A method was developed to measure water diffusion within the dispersion in the absence of a magnetic field (random clay orientation) as this is not possible with standard diffusion NMR. However, no significant difference in self-diffusion coefficient between random and aligned dispersions could be observed.

  • 2. Acciaro, Roberta
    et al.
    Aulin, Christian
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Fibre and Polymer Technology.
    Wågberg, Lars
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Fibre and Polymer Technology, Fibre Technology.
    Lindström, Tom
    Claesson, Per M.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Varga, Imre
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Investigation of the formation, structure and release characteristics of self-assembled composite films of cellulose nanofibrils and temperature responsive microgels2011In: Soft Matter, ISSN 1744-683X, Vol. 7, no 4, p. 1369-1377Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The possibility of forming self-organized films using charge-stabilized dispersions of cellulose I nanofibrils and microgel beads of poly-(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) copolymer is presented. The build-up behavior and the properties of the layer-by-layer (LbL)-constructed films were studied using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) and ellipsometry. The morphology of the formed films was also characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging. The applied methods clearly demonstrated the successful LbL-assembly of the monodisperse microgels and nanofibrils. The in situ QCM-D measurements also revealed that contrary to the polyelectrolyte bound microgel particles, the nanofibrils-bound gel beads preserve their highly swollen state and do not suffer a partial collapse due to the lack of interdigitation of the oppositely charged components. To probe the accessibility of the gel beads in the formed films, the room temperature (similar to 25 degrees C) loading and release of a fluorescent dye (FITC) was also investigated. The incorporation of the cellulose nanofibrils into the multilayer resulted in an open structure that was found easily penetrable for the dye molecules even at constant room temperature, which is in sharp contrast with previously reported systems based on synthetic polyelectrolytes. The amount of dye released from the multilayer films could be fine-tuned with the number of bilayers. Finally, the thermoresponsivity of the films was also shown by triggering the burst release of the loaded dye when the film was collapsed.

  • 3.
    Adhikari, Arindam
    et al.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface Chemistry.
    Claesson, Per M.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface Chemistry.
    Pani, Jinshan
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Corrosion Science.
    Leygraf, Christofer
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Corrosion Science.
    Deidinaitei, Andra
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface Chemistry.
    Blomberg, Eva
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface Chemistry.
    Electrochemical behavior and anticorrosion properties of modified polyaniline dispersed in polyvinylacetate coating on carbon steel2008In: Electrochimica Acta, ISSN 0013-4686, E-ISSN 1873-3859, Vol. 53, no 12, p. 4239-4247Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Conducting polyaniline (Pani) was prepared in the presence of methane sulfonic acid (MeSA) as dopant by chemical oxidative polymerization. The Pani-MeSA polymer was characterized by FT-IR, UV-vis, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and impedance spectroscopy. The polyrner was dispersed in polyvinylacetate and coated oil carbon steel samples by a dipping method. The electrochemical behavior and anticorrosion properties of the coating, oil carbon steel in 3% NaCl were investigated using Open-circuit Potential (OCP) versus time of exposure, and electrochemical techniques including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization and cyclic voltammetry (CV). During initial exposure, the OCP dropped about 0.35 V and the interfacial resistance increased several times, indicating I certain reduction of the polymer and oxidation of the steel surface. Later the OCP shifted to the noble direction and remained at a stable value during the exposure up to 60 days. The EIS monitoring also revealed the initial change and later stabilization of the coating. The stable high OCP and low coating impedance Suggest that the conducting polymer maintains its oxidative state and provides corrosion protection for carbon steel through out the investigated period. The polarization curves and CV show that the conducting polymer coating induces a passive-like behavior and greatly reduces the corrosion of carbon steel.

  • 4.
    Adhikari, Arindam
    et al.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface Chemistry.
    Radhakrishnan, S.
    Patil, Rahul
    Influence of dopant ions on properties of conducting polypyrrole and its electrocatalytic activity towards methanol oxidation2009In: Synthetic metals, ISSN 0379-6779, E-ISSN 1879-3290, Vol. 159, no 15-16, p. 1682-1688Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The polypyrrole (PPy) films were deposited on vacuum metallized substrates by electro-oxidation of pyrrole monomer. These electrodes were then modified with a range of metal halides having different electronegativities. The modified polypyrrole electrodes were employed to investigate electrocatalytic activity towards methanol electrochemical oxidation by means of cyclic voltammetry in 0.1 M HClO4 as supporting electrolyte. It was found that the electronegativity of the dopant ion incorporated in the PPy film governs the electrocatalytic activity towards methanol oxidation. Among different dopant anions used in the present work, the PPy doped with zirconium chloride gave the highest anodic current of 10 mA cm(-2) at the oxidation potential of methanol. Electrical property and the charge created due to doping in the polymers were measured using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR). Electrocatalytic activity of the modified electrodes was correlated with various factors obtained from different polymer characterization experiments. The results were explained on the basis of the charge-transfer efficiency at the electrode I electrolyte interface, which was associated with the acceptor state created by the dopant in the semi-conducting polymer.

  • 5. Adia, Madina Mohamed
    et al.
    Emami, Seyedeh Noushin
    Byamukama, Robert
    Faye, Ingrid
    Borg-Karlson, Anna-Karin
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry.
    Antiplasmodial activity and phytochemical analysis of extracts from selected Ugandan medicinal plants2016In: Journal of Ethnopharmacology, ISSN 0378-8741, E-ISSN 1872-7573, Vol. 186, p. 14-19Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Ethnopharmacological relevance: Resistance of the parasites to known antimalarial drugs has provided the necessity to find new drugs from natural products against malaria. The aim of the study was to evaluate the in vitro antiplasmodial activity of some plants used by Traditional Medical Practitioners (TMPs) of Prometra and Rukararwe in malaria treatment in Uganda to provide scientific proof of the efficacies claimed by these Herbalists. Materials and methods: The air dried samples of Clerodendrum rotundifolium (leaves), Microglossa pyrifolia (leaves), Momordica foetida (leaves) and Zanthoxylum chalybeum (stem bark) used for malaria treatment by TMPs were successively extracted with ethyl acetate, methanol and water to yield twelve extracts. The extracts were tested against the chloroquine-sensitive (NF54) and chloroquine-resistant (FCR3) Plasmodium falciparum strains in vitro using the micro Mark III test which is based on assessing the inhibition of schizont maturation. A compound A was extracted and purified from the stem bark of Z. chalybeum and its structure was identified and confirmed by spectroscopic methods. Results: Most of the extracts tested (92%) showed an antiplasmodial activity with IC50 < 50 mu g/mL. In spite of successive extractions with different solvents, potent anti-plasmodial activity (IC50 < 5 mu g/mL) was observed in the ethyl acetate, methanol and aqueous extracts of M. pyrifolia and C. rotundifolium. Preferential enrichments of activity into water (IC50 < 15 mu g/mL) and Ethyl acetate (IC50 < 5 mu g/mL) were seen in the case of M. foetida and Z chalybeum respectively. The most active extracts were from C rotundifolium and M. pyrifolia with IC50 values less than 2 mu g/mL. Phytochemical analysis of the extracts revealed the presence of saponins, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids and cardiac glycocides. Fagaramide isolated from Z chalybeum had a higher activity (IC50 2.85 mu g/mL) against the chloroquine-resistant strain than against the chloroquine-senstive (IC50 16.6 mu g/mL) strain used in the study. Conclusion: The plant extracts analysed in this study presented an average antiplasmodial activity (58%). This study revealed for the first time the antiplasmodial activity of the plant C. rotundofolium. It's the first time the compound fagaramide (N-isobutyl-3-(3,4-methylene dioxyphenyl) - 2E-propenamide) has been isolated from Z. chalybeum as one of the compounds that contribute to the activity of this plant against P. falciparum.

  • 6. Afonso, Damien
    et al.
    Valetti, Sabrina
    Fraix, Aurore
    Bascetta, Claudia
    Petralia, Salvatore
    Conoci, Sabrina
    Feiler, Adam
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Sortino, Salvatore
    Multivalent mesoporous silica nanoparticles photo-delivering nitric oxide with carbon dots as fluorescence reporters2017In: Nanoscale, ISSN 2040-3364, E-ISSN 2040-3372, Vol. 9, no 36, p. 13404-13408Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Amino-terminated mesoporous silica nanoparticles embedding carbon dots (MSCD) formed by calcination were functionalized with a nitric oxide (NO) photodonor (1) to give a robust MSCD-1 conjugate. The intense fluorescence of MSCDs was strongly quenched in MSCD-1 by effective energy transfer. Visible light excitation of MSCD-1 liberates NO, suppresses the energy transfer mechanism and leads to concomitant fluorescence restoration of the MSCD scaffold, which acts as an optical reporter for the released NO. The MSCD-1 hybrid is also able to encapsulate the highly hydrophobic photosensitizer temoporfin, preserving the fluorescence reporting function.

  • 7.
    Agfors, Gunnar
    et al.
    Ledamot av IVA.
    Albertsson, Ann-Christine
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Fibre and Polymer Technology.
    Grenthe, Ingmar
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry.
    Wågberg, Lars
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Fibre and Polymer Technology.
    Ödberg, Lars
    et, al
    KEMI: den gränslösa vetenskapen2011Book (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [sv]

    Kemi – handlar inte det bara om farliga ämnen och onödiga tillsatser? Det är kanske bildenmånga har av kemi, men faktum är att utan kemi skulle vi inte ha det höga välstånd vi har i dag.Tack vare kemisk kunskap har vi tillgång till läkemedel som botar sjukdomar och lindrar smärta– med hjälp av syntetiska antibiotika kan infektionssjukdomar som tidigare var dödliga botas,magsår kan behandlas utan dyra och plågsamma operationer och många cancerformer kanframgångsrikt behandlas med syntetiska preparat. Konstgödsel och medel som hindrar skadeinsektergör att skördar kan ökas och svälten i världen därigenom begränsas. Tack vare kemin harvi även tillgång till alla de material vi behöver för att tillverka allt från kläder, rengöringsprodukteroch kosmetika till bilar, TV-apparater och reservdelar till kroppen. Det är genom kemisk syntes vikan framställa dessa och alla de övriga produkter vi behöver för vårt dagliga liv och det är keminsom visar vägen till hållbar produktion som utnyttjar förnybara råvaror och ger minimala mängderavfall. Kemisk kunskap är också oumbärlig för utveckling av nanoteknik och medicinskdiagnostik och andra till kemin angränsande områden. Kemin bidrar alltså till att finna lösningartill många av de komplexa globala problem vi står inför: hälsa, klimat, brist på råvaror, utnyttjandetav nya energikällor och tillgång till livsmedel för att föda jordens ökande befolkning.

    DET ÄR OM ALLT DETTA DEN HÄR BOKEN HANDLAR.

  • 8.
    Agrios, Alexander George
    et al.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Physical Chemistry. KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Centres, Centre of Molecular Devices, CMD.
    Cesar, I.
    Comte, P.
    Nazeeruddin, M. K.
    Grätzel, M.
    Nanostructured composite films for dye-sensitized solar cells by electrostatic layer-by-layer deposition2006In: Chemistry of Materials, ISSN 0897-4756, E-ISSN 1520-5002, Vol. 18, no 23, p. 5395-5397Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The possibilities for making nanocomposite semiconductor films for DSC using the ELBL method was investigated. Coated slides were cut in half vertically giving two strips that can be subjected to different treatments for comparison. The electrode was heated to 450 °C for 30 min and then Cooled to 80 °C. Scanning electron microscopy of a sintered film with 5 cycles of TiO2 nanoparticles shows that the particles are well distributed and completely cover the transparent conducting oxide substrate. Spectroscopic measurements of a dye-coated film in acetonitrile found a dye concentration within the film of 0.15 mM based on an extinction coefficient. The solar cell including a scattering layer had more than double the current of the transparent layer-only cell. It was observed that ELBL method can produce TiO2 films for DSC with high efficiencies at low thickness.

  • 9. Alam, Samina
    et al.
    Hasan, Mashooda
    Saeed, Sadaf
    Fischer, Andreas
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry.
    Khan, Naeema
    cis-(9S,10S)-Methyl 1-propyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate2008In: Acta Crystallographica Section E: Structure Reports Online, E-ISSN 1600-5368, Vol. 64, p. O361-U1624Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The title compound, C16H20N2O2, was synthesized from ( S)tryptophan methyl ester hydrochloride and butyraldehyde. The absolute configuration 9S, 10S was assigned on the basis of the unchanging chirality of the C9 centre. The NH group of the indole ring is involved in intermolecular N-H center dot center dot center dot O hydrogen bonding, while the NH group of the six-membered ring is not. This latter ring has a half-chair conformation.

  • 10. Alam, Samina
    et al.
    Hasan, Mashooda
    Saeed, Sadaf
    Fischer, Andreas
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry.
    Khan, Naeema
    trans-(1R,3S)-methyl 1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate2007In: Acta Crystallographica Section E: Structure Reports Online, E-ISSN 1600-5368, Vol. 63, p. O871-O872Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The title compound, C14H16N2O2, was obtained from the reaction between S-tryptophan methyl ester hydrochloride and acetaldehyde. The molecule adopts a trans configuration, with the methyl and methoxycarbonyl groups located on opposite sides of the central tetrahydro-beta-carboline unit. Bifurcated intermolecular N-H...O/N hydrogen bonds link the molecules into chains.

  • 11. Alam, Samina
    et al.
    Saeed, Sadaf
    Fischer, Andreas
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry.
    Khan, Naeema
    Methyl 2-(2-hydroxyacetamido)benzoate2010In: Acta Crystallographica Section E: Structure Reports Online, E-ISSN 1600-5368, Vol. 66, p. O913-U2993Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The title compound, C10H11NO4, was formed from 4,1-benzoxazepine-2,5(1H,3H)-dione and ammonia gas. Intramolecular hydrogen bonding is present between the amide N-H group and the carbonyl O atom of the ester group. The crystal structure features intermolecular O-H center dot center dot center dot O hydrogen bonds.

  • 12. Alao, John Patrick
    et al.
    Michlíková, Sona
    Dinér, Peter
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Organic Chemistry. Gothenburg University.
    Grøtli, Morten
    Sunnerhagen, Per
    Selective inhibition of RET mediated cell proliferation in vitro by the kinase inhibitor SPP862014In: BMC Cancer, ISSN 1471-2407, E-ISSN 1471-2407, Vol. 14, no 853Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    The RET tyrosine kinase receptor has emerged as a target in thyroid and endocrine resistant breast cancer. We previously reported the synthesis of kinase inhibitors with potent activity against RET. Herein, we have further investigated the effect of the lead compound SPP86 on RET mediated signaling and proliferation. Based on these observations, we hypothesized that SPP86 may be useful for studying the cellular activity of RET.

    Methods

    We compared the effects of SPP86 on RET-induced signaling and proliferation in thyroid cancer cell lines expressing RET-PTC1 (TPC1), or the activating mutations BRAFV600E (8505C) and RASG13R (C643). The effect of SPP86 on RET- induced phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases (PI3K)/Akt and MAPK pathway signaling and cell proliferation in MCF7 breast cancer cells was also investigated.

    Results

    SPP86 inhibited MAPK signaling and proliferation in RET/PTC1 expressing TPC1 but not 8505C or C643 cells. In TPC1 cells, the inhibition of RET phosphorylation required co-exposure to SPP86 and the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) inhibitor PF573228. In MCF7 cells, SPP86 inhibited RET- induced phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases (PI3K)/Akt and MAPK signaling and estrogen receptorα (ERα) phosphorylation, and inhibited proliferation to a similar degree as tamoxifen. Interestingly, SPP86 and PF573228 inhibited RET/PTC1 and GDNF- RET induced activation of Akt and MAPK signaling to a similar degree.

    Conclusion

    SPP86 selectively inhibits RET downstream signaling in RET/PTC1 but not BRAFV600E or RASG13R expressing cells, indicating that downstream kinases were not affected. SPP86 also inhibited RET signaling in MCF7 breast cancer cells. Additionally, RET- FAK crosstalk may play a key role in facilitating PTC1/RET and GDNF- RET induced activation of Akt and MAPK signaling in TPC1 and MCF7 cells.

  • 13. Alarcon, H.
    et al.
    Boschloo, Gerrit
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Physical Chemistry.
    Mendoza, P.
    Solis, J. L.
    Hagfeldt, Anders
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Organic Chemistry.
    Dye-sensitized solar cells based on nanocrystalline TiO2 films surface treated with Al3+ ions: Photovoltage and electron transport studies2005In: Journal of Physical Chemistry B, ISSN 1520-6106, E-ISSN 1520-5207, Vol. 109, no 39, p. 18483-18490Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Nanocrystalline TiO2 films, surface modified with Al3+, were manufactured by depositing a TiO2 suspension containing small amounts of aluminum nitrate or aluminum chloride onto conducting glass substrates, followed by drying, compression, and finally heating to 530 degrees C. Electrodes prepared with TiO2 nanoparticles coated with less than 0.3 wt % aluminum oxide with respect to TiO2 improved the efficiency of the dye sensitized solar cell. This amount corresponds to less than a monolayer of aluminum oxide. Thus, the Al ions terminate the TiO2 surface rather than form a distinct aluminum oxide layer. The aluminum ion surface treatment affects the solar cell in different ways: the potential of the conduction band is shifted, the electron lifetime is increased, and the electron transport is slower when aluminum ions are present between interconnected TiO2 particles.

  • 14. Alarcon, Hugo
    et al.
    Hedlund, Maria
    Johansson, Erik M. J.
    Rensmo, Hakan
    Hagfeldt, Anders
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Organic Chemistry.
    Boschloo, Gerrit
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Physical Chemistry.
    Modification of nanostructured TiO2 electrodes by electrochemical Al3+ insertion: Effects on dye-sensitized solar cell performance2007In: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, ISSN 1932-7447, E-ISSN 1932-7455, Vol. 111, no 35, p. 13267-13274Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Nanostructured TiO2 films were modified by insertion with aluminum ions using an electrochemical process. After heat treatment these films were found suitable as electrodes in dye-sensitized solar cells. By means of a catechol adsorption test, as well as photoelectron spectroscopy (PES), it was demonstrated that the density of Ti atoms at the metal oxide/electrolyte interface is reduced after Al modification. There is, however, not a complete coverage of aluminum oxide onto the TiO2, but the results rather suggest either the formation of a mixed Al-Ti oxide surface layer or formation of a partial aluminum oxide coating. No new phase could, however, be detected. In solar cells incorporating Al-modified TiO2 electrodes, both electron lifetimes and electron transport times were increased. At high concentrations of inserted aluminum ions, the quantum efficiency for electron injection was significantly decreased. Results are discussed at the hand of different models: A multiple trapping model, which can explain slower kinetics by the creation of additional traps during Al insertion, and a surface layer model, which can explain the reduced recombination rate, as well as the reduced injection efficiency, by the formation of a blocking layer.

  • 15. Albabtain, Reham
    et al.
    Azeem, Muhammad
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry. Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    Wondimu, Zenebech
    Lindberg, Tulay
    Borg-Karlson, Anna-Karin
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Organic Chemistry.
    Gustafsson, Anders
    Investigations of a Possible Chemical Effect of Salvadora persica Chewing Sticks2017In: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, ISSN 1741-427X, E-ISSN 1741-4288, article id 2576548Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Salvadora persica is commonly used chewing sticks in many parts of the world as an oral hygiene tool. This study measured the amount of benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) released into the mouth and assessed its retention time in saliva. The study also tested if the released amount of BITC could potentially be antibacterial or cytotoxic. Twelve subjects brushed their teeth with fresh Miswak once, twice, and four times. The amount of BITC in the saliva and in the used brushes was quantified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The antibacterial effect of BITC and Miswak essential oil (MEO) was tested against Haemophilus influenzae, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, and Porphyromonas gingivalis. The cytotoxic effect on gingival fibroblasts and keratinocytes was tested using MTT. The highest amount of the active compounds was detected in saliva after using the Miswak tip for once and immediately. It significantly decreased when the Miswak tip was used more than once and thus after 10 min. The growth of the tested bacteria was inhibited by MEO and BITC in a dose dependent manner, P. gingivalis being the most sensitive. MTT assay showed that BITC and MEO were cytotoxic towards gingival fibroblasts while oral keratinocytes showed resistance. This study suggests that the Miswak tip should be cut before each use to ensure the maximum effect.

  • 16. Al-Bataineh, Sameer A.
    et al.
    Luginbuehl, Reto
    Textor, Marcus
    Yan, Mingdi
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry.
    Covalent Immobilization of Antibacterial Furanones via Photochemical Activation of Perfluorophenylazide2009In: Langmuir, ISSN 0743-7463, E-ISSN 1520-5827, Vol. 25, no 13, p. 7432-7437Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    N-(3-Trimethoxysilylpropyl)-4-azido-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzamide (PFPA-silane) was used as a photoactive crosslinker to immobilize antibacterial furanone molecules on silicon oxide surfaces. This immobilization strategy is useful, especially for substrates and molecules that lack reactive functional groups. To this end, cleaned wafers were initially incubated in solutions of different concentrations of PFPA-silane to form a monolayer presenting azido groups on the surface. The functionalized surfaces were then treated with a furanone solution followed by illumination with UV light and extensive rinsing with ethanol to remove noncovalently adhered molecules, In the presented study, we demonstrate the ability to control the surface density of the immobilized furanone molecules by adjusting the concentration of PFPA-silane solution used for surface functionalization using complementary surface analytical techniques. The fluorine in PFPA-silane and the bromine in furanone molecules were convenient markers for the XPS study. The ellipsometric layer thickness of the immobilized furanone molecules on the surface decreased with decreasing PFPA-silane concentration, which correlated with a decline of water contact angle as a sign of film collapse. The intensity of characteristic azide vibration in the MTR IR spectra was monitored as a function of PFPA-silane concentration, and the peak disappeared completely after furanone application followed by UV irradiation. As a complementary technique to XPS, TOF-SIMS provided valuable information on the chemical and molecular structure of the modified surfaces and spatial distribution of the immobilized furanone molecules. Finally, this report presents a convenient, reproducible, and robust strategy to design antibacterial coating based on furanone compounds for applications in human health care.

  • 17. Alberius, Peter Carl Anders
    et al.
    Corkery, Robert W.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science. KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Physical Chemistry.
    Spray-drying process for the manufacture of dye-loaded particles.2007Patent (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [en]

    According to a first aspect of the invention, a process is provided for the prepn. of amorphous particles comprising a homogeneous distribution of one or more dyes encapsulated by an amorphous, siliceous encapsulating agent, the process comprising: (a) providing a precursor of the encapsulating agent in liq. form; (b) providing the one or more dyes in liq. form; (c) mixing the liq. forms; (d) spraying the mixt. to form droplets comprising the one or more dyes and encapsulating agent; and (e) heating the droplets to form the particles comprising the one or more dyes encapsulated by the siliceous encapsulating agent; wherein at least one of the liq. forms provided is aq. and the or each aq. liq. form is acidic. According to a second aspect of the invention, encapsulated dyes made by the process of the first aspect of the invention are provided. [on SciFinder(R)]

  • 18. Albèr, C.
    et al.
    Brandner, B. D.
    Björklund, S.
    Billsten, P.
    Corkery, Robert
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Applied Physical Chemistry.
    Engblom, J.
    Effects of water gradients and use of urea on skin ultrastructure evaluated by confocal Raman microspectroscopy2013In: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Biomembranes, ISSN 0005-2736, E-ISSN 1879-2642, Vol. 1828, no 11, p. 2470-2478Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The rather thin outermost layer of the mammalian skin, stratum corneum (SC), is a complex biomembrane which separates the water rich inside of the body from the dry outside. The skin surface can be exposed to rather extreme variations in ambient conditions (e.g. water activity, temperature and pH), with potential effects on the barrier function. Increased understanding of how the barrier is affected by such changes is highly relevant for regulation of transdermal uptake of exogenous chemicals. In the present study we investigate the effect of hydration and the use of a well-known humectant, urea, on skin barrier ultrastructure by means of confocal Raman microspectroscopy. We also perform dynamic vapor sorption (DVS) microbalance measurements to examine the water uptake capacity of SC pretreated with urea. Based on novel Raman images, constructed from 2D spectral maps, we can distinguish large water inclusions within the skin membrane exceeding the size of fully hydrated corneocytes. We show that these inclusions contain water with spectral properties similar to that of bulk water. The results furthermore show that the ambient water activity has an important impact on the formation of these water inclusions as well as on the hydration profile across the membrane. Urea significantly increases the water uptake when present in skin, as compared to skin without urea, and it promotes formation of larger water inclusions in the tissue. The results confirm that urea can be used as a humectant to increase skin hydration.

  • 19.
    Aldaeus, Fredrik
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry.
    New Concepts for Dielectrophoretic Separations and Dielectric Measurements of Bioparticles2006Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other scientific)
    Abstract [en]

    This thesis presents two new concepts for separation of micro particles using dielectrophoresis, demonstrated by calculated examples, as well as a new method for obtaining dielectric data on living cells. The thesis is based on four papers.

    Paper I describes how the trapping efficiency of micro particles may be significantly increased when superpositioned electric fields are employed in a high conductivity medium. Avoiding low conductivity media is important when working with living cells. Calculations were performed to predict trajectories of Escherichia coli bacteria in the system with superpositioned electric fields, and a model was developed which employed two arrays of interdigitated electrodes in a micro channel.

    Paper II proposes a new concept for separation of micro particles, based on repetitive dielectrophoretic trapping and release in a flow system. Calculations show that the resolution increases as a direct function of the number of trap and release steps, and that a difference in size will have a larger influence on the separation than a difference in dielectrophoretic properties. Polystyrene beads in deionized water were used as a model, and calculations were performed to predict the particle behavior and the separation efficiency. It should be possible to separate particles with a size difference of 0.2 % by performing 200 trap-and-release steps. The enhanced separation power of multi step dielectrophoresis could have significant applications, not only for fractionation of particles with small differences in size, but also for measuring changes in surface conductivity.

    Paper III presents a new calculation method for predicting dielectrophoretic motion of micro particles. The method is based on a soft sphere method often used in molecular dynamics. Results from the calculations are in good agreement with theoretical predictions as well as initial experimental results, showing that the method provides good efficiency and accuracy.

    Paper IV describes a new method for measurements of conductivity of living bacteria. To obtain reliable conductivity values, it is important to handle the cells as gently as possible during the measurement process. A standard conductivity meter was used in combination with cross-flow filtration. In this way, repeated centrifugation and resuspension is avoided which otherwise may cause damage to the bacteria. The conductivity of Bacillus subtilis was determined to be 7000 μS/cm by means of the cross-flow filtration method, and the values differ from earlier published values by almost an order of a magnitude.

    In addition to the work presented in the papers, some experimental dielectrophoresis work in chip-based systems was performed. The behavior of Escherichia coli and polystyrene beads at different voltages and frequencies were studied. Separation of beads with different sizes was achieved on an array of interdigitated electrodes. Using electrodes with a pointed shape, alignment in different directions, pearl-chain formation, rotation, and other dielectrophoretic motion of E. coli were observed.

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    FULLTEXT01
  • 20.
    Aldaeus, Fredrik
    et al.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry.
    Lin, Yuan
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Mechanics.
    Amberg, Gustav
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Mechanics.
    Roeraade, Johan
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry.
    Multi-step dielectrophoresis for separation of particles2006In: Journal of Chromatography A, ISSN 0021-9673, E-ISSN 1873-3778, Vol. 1131, no 1-2, p. 261-266Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A new concept for separation of particles based on repetitive dielectrophoretic trapping and release in a flow system is proposed. Calculations using the finite element method have been performed to envision the particle behavior and the separation effectiveness of the proposed method. As a model system, polystyrene beads in deionized water and a micro-flow channel with arrays of interdigited electrodes have been used. Results show that the resolution increases as a direct function of the number of trap-and-release steps, and that a difference in size will have a larger influence on the separation than a difference in other dielectrophoretic properties. About 200 trap-and-release steps would be required to separate particles with a size difference of 0.2%. The enhanced separation power of dielectrophoresis with multiple steps could be of great importance, not only for fractionation of particles with small differences in size, but also for measuring changes in surface conductivity, or for separations based on combinations of difference in size and dielectric properties.

  • 21.
    Aldaeus, Fredrik
    et al.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry.
    Lin, Yuan
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Mechanics.
    Roeraade, Johan
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry.
    Amberg, Gustav
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Mechanics.
    Superpositioned dielectrophoresis for enhanced trapping efficiency2005In: Electrophoresis, ISSN 0173-0835, E-ISSN 1522-2683, Vol. 26, no 22, p. 4252-4259Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    One of the major applications for dielectrophoresis is selective trapping and fractionation of particles. If the surrounding medium is of low conductivity, the trapping force is high, but if the conductivity increases, the attraction decreases and may even become negative. However, high-conductivity media are essential when working with biological material such as living cells. In this paper, some basic calculations have been performed, and a model has been developed which employs both positive and negative dielectrophoresis in a channel with interdigitated electrodes. The finite element method was utilized to predict the trajectories of Escherichia coli bacteria in the superpositioned electrical fields. It is shown that a drastic improvement of trapping efficiency can be obtained in this way, when a high conductivity medium is employed.

  • 22.
    Alexander, Shovsky
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Polyelectrolyte complexes of bottle brush copolymers: Solution and adsorption properties2011Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this thesis work was to systematically investigate the physico-chemical properties of polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) formed by bottle brush and linear polyelectrolytes in solution and at solid / liquid interfaces. Electrostatic self-assembly of oppositely charged macromolecules in aqueous solution is a versatile strategy to construction of functional nanostructures with easily controlled properties. Bottle brush architecture, introduced into the PEC, generates a number of distinctive properties of the complexes, related to a broad range of application, such as colloidal stability and protein repellency to name a few. To utilize these materials in a wide range of applications e.g. drug delivery, the understanding of the effects of polymer architecture and solution parameters on the properties of bottle brush PECs is of paramount importance. This thesis constitutes a systematic investigation of PECs formed by a series of cationic bottle-brush polyelectrolytes and a series of anionic linear polyelectrolytes in aqueous solution. The focus of the first part of the thesis was primarily on formation and characterization of PECs in solution, whereas the adsorption properties and adsorption kinetics of bottle-brush polyelectrolytes and their complexes was investigated in the second part of the thesis work. In particular, effects of the side-chain density of the bottlebrush polyelectrolyte, concentration, mixing ratio and molecular weigh of the linearpolyelectrolyte on formation, solution properties, stability and adsorption of PECs were addressed.

    The pronounced effect of the side-chain density of the bottle-brush polyelectrolyte on the properties of stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric PECs was demonstrated. Formation of PECs by bottle-brush copolymers with high density of side-chains results in small, watersoluble, molecular complexes having nonspherical shape, independent of concentration. Whereas formation of PEC-aggregates was revealed by bottle-brush polyelectrolytes with low side chain density, the level of aggregation in these complexes is controlled by polyelectrolyte concentration. The structure of the PECs formed with low molecular weight polyanions is consistent with the picture that several small linear polyelectrolyte molecules associate with the large bottle-brush. In contrast, when complexation occurs between polyanions of high molecular weigh and the bottle-brush polymers considerably larger PECs are formed, consistent with several bottle-brush polymers associating with one high molecular weight polyanion.

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    FULLTEXT01
  • 23.
    Alipour, Yousef
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Furnace Wall Corrosion in a Wood-fired Boiler2015Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The use of renewable wood-based fuel has been increasing in the last few decades because it is said to be carbon neutral. However, wood-based fuel, and especially used wood (also known as recycled wood or waste wood), is more corrosive than virgin wood (forest fuel), because of higher amounts of chlorine and heavy metals. These elements increase the corrosion problems at the furnace walls where the oxygen level is low.

    Corrosion mechanisms are usually investigated at the superheaters where the temperature of the material and the oxygen level is higher than at the furnace walls.  Much less work has been performed on furnace wall corrosion in wood or used wood fired boilers, which is the reason for this project.    Tests are also mostly performed under simplified conditions in laboratories, making the results easier to interpret.  In power plants the interpretation is more complicated. Difficulties in the study of corrosion processes are caused by several factors such as deposit composition, flue gas composition, boiler design, and combustion characteristics and so on. Therefore, the laboratory tests should be a complement to the field test ones. This doctoral project involved in-situ testing at the furnace wall of power boilers and may thus contribute to fill the gap.

    The base material for furnace walls is a low alloy steel, usually 16Mo3, and the tubes may be coated or uncoated. Therefore tests were performed both on 16Mo3 and more highly alloyed materials suitable for protective coatings.

    Different types of samples exposed in used-wood fired boilers were analysed by different techniques such as LOM (light optical microscopy), XRD (X-ray diffraction), SEM (scanning electron microscopy), EDS (energy dispersive spectroscopy), WDS (wavelength dispersive spectroscopy), FIB (focused ion beam) and GD-OES (glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy). The corrosion rate was measured. The environment was also thermodynamically modelled by TC (Thermo-Calc ®).

    The results showed that 16Mo3 in the furnace wall region is attacked by HCl, leading to the formation of iron chloride and a simultaneous oxidation of the iron chloride. The iron chloride layer appeared to reach a steady state thickness.  

    Long term exposures showed that A 625 (nickel chromium alloy) and Kanthal APMT (iron-chromium-aluminium alloy) had the lowest corrosion rate (about 25-30% of the rate for 16Mo3), closely followed by 310S (stainless steel), making these alloys suitable for coating materials. It was found that the different alloys were attacked by different species, although they were exposed in the boiler at the same time in the same place. The dominant corrosion process in the A 625 samples seemed to be by a potassium-lead combination, while lead did not attack the APMT samples. Potassium attacked the alumina layer in the APMT samples, leading to the formation of a low-protective aluminate and chlorine was found to attack the base material.  The results showed that stainless steels are attacked by both mechanisms (Cl- induced attack and K-Pb combination).

    Decreasing the temperature of the furnace walls of a waste wood fired boiler could decrease the corrosion rate of 16Mo3. However, this low corrosion rate corresponds to a low final steam pressure of the power plant, which in not beneficial for the electrical efficiency.

    The short term testing results showed that co-firing of sewage sludge with used wood can lead to a reduction in the deposition of K and Cl on the furnace wall during short term testing. This led to corrosion reduction of furnace wall materials and coatings. The alkali chlorides could react with the aluminosilicates in the sludge and be converted to alkali silicates. The chromia layer in A 625 and alumina in APMT were maintained with the addition of sludge. 

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    Thesis
  • 24.
    Alipour, Yousef
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    High temperature corrosion in a biomass-fired power boiler: Reducing furnace wall corrosion in a waste wood-fired power plant with advanced steam data2013Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The use of waste (or recycled) wood as a fuel in heat and power stations is becoming more widespread in Sweden (and Europe), because it is CO2 neutral with a lower cost than forest fuel. However, it is a heterogeneous fuel with a high amount of chlorine, alkali and heavy metals which causes more corrosion than fossil fuels or forest fuel.

    A part of the boiler which is subjected to a high corrosion risk is the furnace wall (or waterwall) which is formed of tubes welded together. Waterwalls are made of ferritic low-alloyed steels, due to their low price, low stress corrosion cracking risk, high heat transfer properties and low thermal expansion. However, ferritic low alloy steels corrode quickly when burning waste wood in a low NOx environment (i.e. an environment with low oxygen levels to limit the formation of NOx). Apart from pure oxidation two important forms of corrosion mechanisms are thought to occur in waste environments: chlorine corrosion and alkali corrosion.

    Although there is a great interest from plant owners to reduce the costs associated with furnace wall corrosion very little has been reported on wall corrosion in biomass boilers. Also corrosion mechanisms on furnace walls are usually investigated in laboratories, where interpretation of the results is easier. In power plants the interpretation is more complicated. Difficulties in the study of corrosion mechanisms are caused by several factors such as deposit composition, flue gas flow, boiler design, combustion characteristics and flue gas composition. Therefore, the corrosion varies from plant to plant and the laboratory experiments should be complemented with field tests. The present project may thus contribute to fill the power plant corrosion research gap.

    In this work, different kinds of samples (wall deposits, test panel tubes and corrosion probes) from Vattenfall’s Heat and Power plant in Nyköping were analysed. Coated and uncoated samples with different alloys and different times of exposure were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and light optical microscopy (LOM). The corrosive environment was also simulated by Thermo-Calc software.

    The results showed that a nickel alloy coating can dramatically reduce the corrosion rate. The corrosion rate of the low alloy steel tubes, steel 16Mo3, was linear and the oxide scale non-protective, but the corrosion rate of the nickel-based alloy was probably parabolic and the oxide much more protective. The nickel alloy and stainless steels showed good corrosion protection behavior in the boiler. This indicates that stainless steels could be a good (and less expensive) alternative to nickel-based alloys for protecting furnace walls.

    The nickel alloy coated tubes (and probe samples) were attacked by a potassium-lead combination leading to the formation of non-protective potassium lead chromate. The low alloy steel tubes corroded by chloride attack. Stainless steels were attacked by a combination of chlorides and potassium-lead.

    The Thermo-Calc modelling showed chlorine gas exists at extremely low levels (less than 0.1 ppm) at the tube surface; instead the hydrated form is thermodynamically favoured, i.e. gaseous hydrogen chloride. Consequently chlorine can attack low alloy steels by gaseous hydrogen chloride rather than chlorine gas as previously proposed. This is a smaller molecule than chlorine which could easily diffuse through a defect oxide of the type formed on the steel.

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    Licentiate thesis
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    Abstract-sammanfattning
  • 25.
    Alipour, Yousef
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Reducing furnace wall corrosion by coating the furnace tubes in a waste wood fired boiler plant2012Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 26.
    Alipour, Yousef
    et al.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Davis, C.
    Szakalos, Peter
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Henderson, Pamela
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science. Vattenfall Res & Dev AB, Sweden.
    Corrosion of the low alloy steel 16Mo3 in the furnace region of used-wood fired boilersManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
  • 27.
    Alipour, Yousef
    et al.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Henderson, P.
    Vattenfall, Sweden.
    Corrosion of furnace wall materials in waste-wood fired power plant2015In: Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology, ISSN 1478-422X, E-ISSN 1743-2782, Vol. 50, no 5, p. 355-363Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Corrosion tests were performed with four different materials exposed at the furnace wall in a power boiler burning recycled wood, with the aim of evaluating coatings to reduce the corrosion. The nickel base Alloy 625 and the iron-chromium-aluminium alloy Kanthal APMT had the lowest corrosion rates followed by the stainless steel 310S. The low alloy steel 16Mo3, from which the walls are constructed, had the highest rate. Different corrosion mechanisms were found to occur according to the alloy type. Thermodynamic modelling showed that chlorine gas exists at extremely low levels under the prevailing conditions and the hydrated form is thermodynamically favoured.

  • 28.
    Alipour, Yousef
    et al.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Henderson, Pamela
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Initial Corrosion of Waterwalls Materials in a Waste Wood Fired Power PlantManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
  • 29.
    Alipour, Yousef
    et al.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Henderson, Pamela
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    The effect of co-firing of sewage sludge with waste wood on furnace wall corrosion2014In: International Symposium On High-Temperature Oxidation And Corrosion Hakodate, Hokkaido Japan, 2014, 23-27 June, 2014Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 30.
    Alipour, Yousef
    et al.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Henderson, Pamela
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science. Vattenfall Res & Dev AB, Sweden.
    Szakalos, Peter
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Effect of temperature on corrosion of furnace walls in a waste wood fired boiler2015In: Materials at High Temperature, ISSN 0960-3409, E-ISSN 1878-6413, Vol. 32, no 1-2, p. 188-196Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    One way of reducing the furnace wall corrosion is to lower the temperature of the wall by reducing the boiler pressure. To test this, four coupons of 16Mo3 were exposed in the furnace wall of a waste wood fired boiler for 1075 h. The temperatures of the samples were individually controlled in the range 280-410 degrees C. The corrosion rates and corrosion mechanism were investigated. The deposits were analysed by XRD and SEM/EDS. The corrosion fronts were studied by focused ion beam milling (FIB)/EDS. The environment was modelled by Thermo-Calc. The amount of potassium and chlorine in the deposit decreased with decreasing temperature. The FIB sections showed a distinctive iron chloride layer at the corrosion front, with an outer layer of iron oxide. The corrosion rate decreased with decreasing metal temperature, but the boiler pressure needs to be reduced to a low level to achieve this, which is not beneficial for the electrical efficiency and therefore not a viable way of reducing corrosion.

  • 31.
    Alipour, Yousef
    et al.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Henderson, Pamela
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Szakalos, Peter
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    The effect of a nickel alloy coating on the corrosion of furnace wall tubes in a waste wood fired power plant2014In: Materials and corrosion - Werkstoffe und Korrosion, ISSN 0947-5117, E-ISSN 1521-4176, Vol. 65, no 2, p. 217-225Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The use of waste wood as a fuel in power plants is becoming more widespread in Europe, because it is a renewable energy source with a lower cost than forest fuel. However it is more corrosive than coal and corrosion problems have arisen in the furnace wall area of a low NOx heat and power boiler. The furnace walls are made of a low alloy steel which has been coated in some parts with a nickel alloy to reduce corrosion. In this work, furnace tubes coated with a nickel alloy were compared to the uncoated tubes of the low alloy steel 16Mo3 after 3 years of exposure in the boiler. The nickel alloy coating and uncoated material were also compared with more controlled testing on a corrosion probe lasting for about 6 weeks. The corrosion rates were measured and the samples were chemically analysed by SEM/EDS/WDS and XRD methods. The corrosive environment was also modelled with Thermo-Calc software. The corrosion rates measured from the probe and tube samples of 16Mo3 agreed well with each other, implying linear corrosion rates. The results also showed that the use of nickel alloy coatings changes the corrosion mechanism, which leads to a dramatic reduction in the corrosion rate. The results are discussed in terms of the corrosion mechanisms and thermodynamic stability of the corrosion products.

  • 32.
    Alipour, Yousef
    et al.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Talus, A.
    Henderson, Pamela
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science. Vattenfall AB, Stockholm 169 92, Sweden.
    Norling, R.
    The effect of co-firing sewage sludge with used wood on the corrosion of an FeCrAl alloy and a nickel-based alloy in the furnace region2015In: Fuel processing technology, ISSN 0378-3820, E-ISSN 1873-7188, Vol. 138, p. 805-813Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The effect of digested sewage sludge as a fuel additive to reduce corrosion of furnace walls has been studied. The nickel base alloy Alloy 625 and the iron-chromium-aluminium alloy Kanthal APMT™ were exposed for 14.25. h at the furnace wall in a power boiler burning 100% used (also known as waste or recycled) wood. The test was then repeated with the addition of sewage sludge to the waste wood. The samples were chemically analysed and thermodynamically modelled and the corrosion mechanisms were investigated. The results showed that the co-firing of sewage sludge with recycled wood leads to a reduction in the corrosion. Attack by a potassium-lead combination appeared to be the main corrosion mechanism in Alloy 625 during waste wood combustion, while attack by alkali chloride was found to be dominant in APMT alloy.

  • 33.
    Alipour, Yousef
    et al.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Viklund, Peter
    Henderson, Pamela
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    The analysis of furnace wall deposits in a low-NOx waste wood-fired bubbling fluidised bed boiler2012In: VGB PowerTech Journal, ISSN 1435-3199, Vol. 92, no 12, p. 96-100Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Increasing use is being made of biomass as fuel for electricity production as the price of natural wood continues to rise. Therefore, more use is being made of waste wood (recycled wood). However, waste wood contains more chlorine, zinc and lead, which are believed to increase corrosion rates. Corrosion problems have occurred on the furnace walls of a fluidised bed boiler firing 100 % waste wood under low-NOx conditions. The deposits have been collected and analysed in order to understand the impact of the fuel.

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    fulltext
  • 34. Al-Jarah, S. Y.
    et al.
    Sjodahl, J.
    Woldegiorgis, A.
    Emmer, Åsa
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry.
    Capillary electrophoretic and mass spectrometric analysis of a polydisperse fluorosurfactant2005In: Journal of Separation Science, ISSN 1615-9306, E-ISSN 1615-9314, Vol. 28, no 3, p. 239-244Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A fluorosurfactant has been studied using capillary electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. The fluorosurfactant, FC134, can be used as a buffer additive in capillary electrophoresis in order to decrease wall adsorption of proteins and in micellar electrokinetic chromatography. However, it has been discovered that this fluorosurfactant is polydisperse, thus containing substances with different lengths and structures. In this work, the fluorosurfactant sample components were separated by capillary electrophoresis. An uncoated as well as a poly(vinyl alcohol)-coated capillary were used with running electrolytes containing methanol and acetic acid. Following the capillary electrophoretic separation, fractions were collected for further analysis by MALDI-MS. Non-fractionated samples were also analyzed both by MALDI-MS and by ESI-MS.

  • 35. Almandoz-Gil, Leire
    et al.
    Welander, Hedvig
    Ihse, Elisabet
    Khoonsari, Payam Emami
    Musunuri, Sravani
    Lendel, Christofer
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Applied Physical Chemistry.
    Sigvardson, Jessica
    Karlsson, Mikael
    Ingelsson, Martin
    Kultima, Kim
    Bergstrom, Joakim
    Low molar excess of 4-oxo-2-nonenal and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal promote oligomerization of alpha-synuclein through different pathways2017In: Free Radical Biology & Medicine, ISSN 0891-5849, E-ISSN 1873-4596, Vol. 110, p. 421-431Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aggregated alpha-synuclein is the main component of Lewy bodies, intraneuronal inclusions found in brains with Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. A body of evidence implicates oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of these diseases. For example, a large excess (30: 1, aldehyde: protein) of the lipid peroxidation end products 4-oxo-2-nonenal (ONE) or 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) can induce alpha-synuclein oligomer formation. The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of these reactive aldehydes on alpha-synuclein at a lower molar excess (3: 1) at both physiological (7.4) and acidic (5.4) pH. As observed by size-exclusion chromatography, ONE rapidly induced the formation of alpha-synuclein oligomers at both pH values, but the effect was less pronounced under the acidic condition. In contrast, only a small proportion of alpha-synuclein oligomers were formed with low excess HNE-treatment at physiological pH and no oligomers at all under the acidic condition. With prolonged incubation times (up to 96 h), more alpha-synuclein was oligomerized at physiological pH for both ONE and HNE. As determined by Western blot, ONE-oligomers were more SDS-stable and to a higher-degree cross-linked as compared to the HNE-induced oligomers. However, as shown by their greater sensitivity to proteinase K treatment, ONE-oligomers, exhibited a less compact structure than HNE-oligomers. As indicated by mass spectrometry, ONE modified most Lys residues, whereas HNE primarily modified the His50 residue and fewer Lys residues, albeit to a higher degree than ONE. Taken together, our data show that the aldehydes ONE and HNE can modify alpha-synuclein and induce oligomerization, even at low molar excess, but to a higher degree at physiological pH and seemingly through different pathways.

  • 36.
    Almquist, Ann-Charlotte
    et al.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry.
    Fäldt, Jenny
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry.
    Yart, A.
    Chevet, Y.
    Sauvard, D.
    Lieutier, F.
    Borg-Karlson, Anna Karin
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry.
    Host selection in Tomicus piniperda L.: Composition of monoterpene hydrocarbons in relation to attack frequency in the shoot feeding phase2006In: Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung - Section C Journal of Biosciences, ISSN 0939-5075, Vol. 61, no 5-6, p. 439-444Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study was to investigate the host selection capacity of the pine shoot beetle, Tomicus piniperda, in the shoot-feeding phase and analyze the chiral and non-chiral host volatiles by means of GC-MS and 2D-GC in five Pinus species originating from France (Pinus sylvestris, P. halepensis, P. nigra laricio, P. pinaster maritima, P. pinaster mesogeensis). Dominating monoterpenes were (-)-α-pinene, (+)-α-pinene, (-)-β-pinene and (+)-3-carene. The amounts of the enantiomers varied considerably within and among the species. In a principal component analysis-plot, based on the absolute amounts of 18 monoterpene hydrocarbons, separation of the pine species into two groups was obtained. P. halepensis and P. sylvestris were grouped according to the amount of (+)-α-pinene and (+)-3-carene, while P. nigra laricio, P. pinaster maritima and P. pinaster mesogeensis were grouped according to (-)-α-pinene and (-)-β-pinene. P. nigra laricio was the species most attacked and P. halepensis the one least attacked by T. piniperda.

  • 37.
    Alvarez-Asencio, Ruben
    et al.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Thormann, Esben
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Rutland, Mark W.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Note: Determination of torsional spring constant of atomic force microscopy cantilevers: Combining normal spring constant and classical beam theory (vol 84, 096102, 2013)2014In: Review of Scientific Instruments, ISSN 0034-6748, E-ISSN 1089-7623, Vol. 85, no 7, article id 079901Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 38.
    Alvarez-Asencio, Rubén
    et al.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Bettini, Eleonora
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Pan, Jinshan
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Leygraf, Christofer
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Nanotribology and Microstructure of a CoCrMo Alloy: A TribologicalProperties Mapping StudyManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
  • 39.
    Alvarez-Asencio, Rubén
    et al.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Pan, Jinshan
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Thormann, Esben
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Rutland, Mark W.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Tribological Properties Mapping: Local Variation in Friction Coefficient and Adhesion2013In: Tribology letters, ISSN 1023-8883, E-ISSN 1573-2711, Vol. 50, no 3, p. 387-395Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Tribological properties mapping is a new technique that extracts friction coefficient and adhesion maps obtained from lateral atomic force microscope (LAFM) images. By imaging the surface systematically as a function of load, a series of images can be tiled, and pixelwise fitted to a modified Amontons' Law to obtain friction coefficient and adhesion maps. This removes the ambiguity of friction contrast in LAFM imaging which can be a function of the load used for imaging. In ambient laboratory, air and tetradecane, a sample of Vancron(A (R))40, commercial powder metallurgical tool alloy containing nitrogen, have been scanned using a standard silicon cantilever in order to obtain tribological data. The tribological properties mapping provides unique information regarding the heterogeneous alloy microstructure as well as shedding light on the tribological behavior of the alloy.

  • 40.
    Alvarez-Asencio, Rubén
    et al.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Sabibi, Majid
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Pan, Jinshan
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Ejnermark, Sebastian
    Ekman, Lars
    Rutland, Mark W.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Role of Microstructure on Pitting  Corrosion Initiation of an Experimental Tool Alloy: A Peak Force QNM Atomic Force Micrscopy StudyManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
  • 41.
    Alvarez-Asencio, Rubén
    et al.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Thormann, Esben
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Rutland, Mark W.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science. Chemistry, Materials and Surfaces, SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden.
    Note: Determination of torsional spring constant of atomic force microscopy cantilevers: Combining normal spring constant and classical beam theory2013In: Review of Scientific Instruments, ISSN 0034-6748, E-ISSN 1089-7623, Vol. 84, no 9, p. 096102-096102-3Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A technique has been developed for the calculation of torsional spring constants for AFM cantilevers based on the combination of the normal spring constant and plate/beam theory. It is easy to apply and allow the determination of torsional constants for stiff cantilevers where the thermal power spectrum is difficult to obtain due to the high resonance frequency and low signal/noise ratio. The applicability is shown to be general and this simple approach can thus be used to obtain torsional constants for any beam shaped cantilever.

  • 42.
    Alvarez-Asencio, Rubén
    et al.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Wallqvist, Viveca
    Kjellin, Mikael
    Leungo, Gustavo
    Rutland, Mark W.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Nordgren, Niklas
    Nanomechanical Properties of Human Skin Studies by AFM and a Novel Hair IndenterManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
  • 43. Amme, Marcus
    et al.
    Pehrman, Reijo
    Deutsch, Rudolf
    Roth, Olivia
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry.
    Jonsson, Mats
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Applied Physical Chemistry.
    Combined effects of Fe(II) and oxidizing radiolysis products on UO2 and PuO2 dissolution in a system containing solid UO2 and PuO22012In: Journal of Nuclear Materials, ISSN 0022-3115, E-ISSN 1873-4820, Vol. 430, no 1-3, p. 1-5Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The stability of UO2 spent nuclear fuel in an oxygen-free geological repository depends on the absence of oxidizing reaction partners in the near field. This work investigates the reactions between the products of water radiolysis by alpha radiation and Fe(II) an the effect on UO2 dissolution. Solid (PuO2)-Pu-238 powder and UO2 pellet were allowed to react in Fe(II) solution in oxygen-free batch reactor tests and kinetics of the subsequent redox reactions were measured. Depending on the concentration of Fe(II) (tests with 10(-5) and 10(-4) mol L-1 were made), the induced redox reactions took place between 20 and 400 h. Dissolved uranium concentrations went first through a minimum caused by reduction, followed by a maximum caused by radiolytic oxidation, and eventually reached another minimum, probably due to sorption on precipitated Fe(III). Plutonium concentrations were decreasing steadily after going through a maximum about 70 h from the start of the experiments. The results show that in the presence of the strong alpha-radiolytic field induced by the presence of solid Pu-238, the behavior of the system is largely governed by Fe(II) as it controls the H2O2 concentration, reduces U(VI) in solution and drives the Fenton reaction leading to the oxidation of Pu(IV).

  • 44. An, J.
    et al.
    Yang, X.
    Wang, W.
    Li, J.
    Wang, H.
    Yu, Z.
    Gong, C.
    Wang, X.
    Sun, Licheng
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Organic Chemistry. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, Zhejiang-KTH Joint Research Center of Photonics, JORCEP.
    Stable and efficient PbS colloidal quantum dot solar cells incorporating low-temperature processed carbon paste counter electrodes2017In: Solar Energy, ISSN 0038-092X, E-ISSN 1471-1257, Vol. 158, p. 28-33Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Colloidal quantum dot (CQD) solar cells with a ZnO/PbS-TBAI/PbS-EDT/carbon structure were prepared using a solution processing technique. A commercially available carbon paste that was processed at low-temperatures was used as a counter electrode in place of expensive noble metals, such as Au or Ag, which are used in traditional PbS CQD solar cells. These CQD solar cells exhibited remarkable photovoltaic performance with a short circuit density (Jsc) of 25.6 mA/cm2, an open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.45 V, a fill factor (FF) of 51.8% and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) as high as 5.9%. A reference device with an Au counter electrode had a PCE of 6.0%. The PCE of the carbon-containing CQD solar cell remained stable for 180 days when tested in ambient atmosphere, while the PCE of the Au-containing CQD solar cell lost 48.3% of its original value. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) demonstrated that holes within the PbS CQD were effectively transported to the carbon counter electrode.

  • 45.
    An, Junxue
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface Chemistry.
    Biomolecular association – biolubrication perspective: Association between hyaluronan and phospholipids2011Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) vesicles were prepared by sonication and their size in sodium chloride solutions ([NaCl] = 0.116 M) containing different amount of calcium ions (0, 1, 2, 5, 10 mM) were studied by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). The time dependence of the particle size in various solutions was also tested. The data showed that the hydrodynamic diameter of DPPC vesicles was not affected by the Ca2+ concentration; however, the stability of DPPC vesicles was improved with the presence of Ca2+. Besides, when the temperature was above the phase transition temperature (41.5°C), the DPPC vesicles in dispersions with more than 2 mM CaCl2 remained stable for at least 2 weeks. Zeta potential of vesicles in aqueous solutions was tested by Zetasizer. The result showed that the stability of DPPC vesicles increased with increasing Ca2+ concentration with the evidence of increasing zeta potential due to the binding of Ca2+ onto vesicle bilayers. The association between zwitterionic DPPC vesicles and anionic polyelectrolyte hyaluronan (HA) was also studied by testing the hydrodynamic diameter and electrophoretic mobility change after the addition of HA. DLS results showed that the hydrodynamic diameter of DPPC vesicles increased in the presence of HA. In addition, after several days’ incubation at 55°C precipitation appeared in the DPPC-HA mixture solution. Furthermore, electrophoretic mobility of DPPC vesicles decreased after the addition of polyelectrolyte. The combined results demonstrated that the association between DPPC and HA occurred.

  • 46.
    An, Junxue
    et al.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Organic Chemistry.
    Duan, Lele
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Organic Chemistry.
    Sun, Licheng
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Organic Chemistry.
    The Ru complexes containing pyridine-dicarboxylate ligand: electronic effect on their catalytic activity toward water oxidation2011In: Faraday discussions, ISSN 1359-6640, E-ISSN 1364-5498, Vol. 155, p. 267-275Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Two series of mononuclear ruthenium complexes [Ru(pdc)L-3] (H(2)pdc = 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid; L = 4-methoxypyridine, 1; pyridine, 2; pyrazine, 3) and [Ru(pdc)L-2(dmso)] (dmso = dimethyl sulfoxide; L = 4-methoxypyridine, 4; pyridine, 5) were synthesized and spectroscopically characterized. Their catalytic activity toward water oxidation has been examined using Ce-IV (Ce(NH4)(2)(NO3)(6)) as the chemical oxidant under acidic conditions. Complexes 1, 2 and 3 are capable of catalyzing Ce-IV-driven water oxidation while 4 and 5 are not active. Electronic effects on their catalytic activity were illustrated: electron donating groups increase the catalytic activity.

  • 47.
    An, Junxue
    et al.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Dèdinaitè, Andra
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Winnik, Francoise M.
    Qiu, Xing-Ping
    Claesson, Per M.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Temperature-Dependent Adsorption and Adsorption Hysteresis of a Thermoresponsive Diblock Copolymer2014In: Langmuir, ISSN 0743-7463, E-ISSN 1520-5827, Vol. 30, no 15, p. 4333-4341Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A nonionic-cationic diblock copolymer, poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline)(60)-b-poly((3-acrylamidopropyl)- trimethylammonium chloride)(17), (PIPOZ(60)-b-PAMPTMA(17)), was utilized to electrostatically tether temperature-responsive PIPOZ chains to silica surfaces by physisorption. The effects of polymer concentration, pH, and temperature on adsorption were investigated using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring and ellipsometry. The combination of these two techniques allows thorough characterization of the adsorbed layer in terms of surface excess, thickness, and water content. The high affinity of the cationic PAMPTMA(17) block to the negatively charged silica surface gives rise to a high affinity adsorption isotherm, leading to (nearly) irreversible adsorption with respect to dilution. An increase in solution pH lowers the affinity of PIPOZ to silica but enhances the adsorption of the cationic block due to increasing silica surface charge density, which leads to higher adsorption of the cationic diblock copolymer. Higher surface excess is also achieved at higher temperatures due to the worsening of the solvent quality of water for the PIPOZ block. Interestingly, a large hysteresis in adsorbed mass and other layer properties was observed when the temperature was cycled from 25 to 45 degrees C and then back to 25 degrees C. Possible causes for this temperature hysteresis are discussed.

  • 48.
    An, Junxue
    et al.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Dédinaité, Andra
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Nilsson, Anki
    Holgersson, Jan
    Claesson, Per M.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Comparison of a Brush-with-Anchor and a Train-of-Brushes Mucin on Poly(methyl methacrylate) Surfaces: Adsorption, Surface Forces, and Friction2014In: Biomacromolecules, ISSN 1525-7797, E-ISSN 1526-4602, Vol. 15, no 4, p. 1515-1525Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Interfacial properties of two types of mucins have been investigated at the aqueous solution/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) interface. One is commercially available bovine submaxillary mucin, BSM, which consists of alternating glycosylated and nonglycosylated regions. The other one is a recombinant mucin-type fusion protein, PSGL-1/mIgG(2b), consisting of a glycosylated mucin part fused to the Fc part of an immunoglobulin. PSGL-1/mIgG(2b) is mainly expressed as a (timer upon production. A quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation was used to study the adsorption of the mucins to PMMA surfaces. The mass of the adsorbed mucin layers, including the adsorbed mucin and water trapped in the layer, was found to be significantly higher for PSGL-1/mIgG(2b) than for BSM. Atomic force microscopy with colloidal probe was employed to study interactions and frictional forces between mucin-coated PMMA surfaces. Purely repulsive forces of steric origin were Observed between PSGL-1/mIgG(2b) mucin layers, whereas a small adhesion was detected between BSM layers and attributed to bridging. Both mucin layers reduced the friction force between PMMA surfaces in aqueous solution. The reduction was, however, significantly more pronounced for PSGL-1/mIgG(2b). The effective friction coefficient between PSGL-1/mIgG(2b)-coated PMMA surfaces is as low as 0.02 at low loads, increasing to 0.24 at the highest load explored, 50 nN. In contrast, a friction coefficient of around 0.7 was obtained between BSM-coated PMMA surfaces. The large differences in interfacial properties for the two mucins are discussed in relation to their structural differences.

  • 49.
    An, Junxue
    et al.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Jin, Chunsheng
    Dedinaite, Andra
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science. SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden.
    Holgersson, Jan
    Karlsson, Niclas G.
    Claesson, Per Martin
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science. SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden.
    Influence of Glycosylation on Interfacial Properties of Recombinant Mucins: Adsorption, Surface Forces, and Friction2017In: Langmuir, ISSN 0743-7463, E-ISSN 1520-5827, Vol. 33, no 18, p. 4386-4395Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Interfacial properties of two brush-with-anchor mucins, C-P55 and C-PSLex, have been investigated at the aqueous solution/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) interface. Both are recombinant mucin-type fusion proteins, produced by fusing the glycosylated mucin part of P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSLG-1) to the Fc part of a mouse immunoglobulin in two different cells. They are mainly expressed as dimers upon production. Analysis of the O-glycans shows that the C-PSLex mucin has the longer and more branched side chains, but C-P55 has slightly higher sialic acid content. The adsorption of the mucins to PMMA surfaces was studied by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation. The sensed mass, including the adsorbed mucin and water trapped in the layer, was found to be similar for these two mucin layers. Atomic force microscopy with colloidal probe was employed to study surface and friction forces between mucin-coated PMMA surfaces. Purely repulsive forces of steric origin were observed between mucin layers on compression, whereas a small adhesion was detected between both mucin layers on decompression. This was attributed to chain entanglement. The friction force between C-PSLex-coated PMMA is lower than that between C-P55-coated PMMA. at low loads, but vice versa at high loads. We discuss our results in terms of the differences in the glycosylation composition of these two mucins.

  • 50.
    An, Junxue
    et al.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Jin, Chunsheng
    Dėdinaitė, Andra
    Holgerssond, Jan
    Karlssonb, Niclas G.
    Claesson, Per M.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Influence of Glycosylation on Interfacial Properties of Recombinant Mucins: Adsorption, Surface Forces and FrictionManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Interfacial properties of two brush-with-anchor mucins, C-P55 and C-PSLex, have been investigated at the aqueous solution/poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) interface. Both are recombinant mucin-type fusion proteins, produced by fusing the glycosylated mucin part of P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSLG-1) to the Fc part of a mouse immunoglobulin in two different cells. They are mainly expressed as dimers upon production. Analysis of the O-glycans shows that the C-PSLex mucin has the longer and more branched side chains, but C-P55 has slightly higher sialic acid content. The adsorption of the mucins to PMMA surfaces was studied by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation. The sensed mass, including the adsorbed mucin and water trapped in the layer, was found to be similar for these two mucin layers. Atomic force microscopy with colloidal probe was employed to study surface and friction forces between mucin-coated PMMA surfaces. Purely repulsive forces of steric origin were observed between mucin layers on compression, whereas a small adhesion was detected between both mucin layers on decompression. This was attributed to chain entanglement. The friction force between C-PSLex-coated PMMA is lower than that between C-P55-coated PMMA at low loads, but vice versa at high loads. We discuss our results in terms of the differences in the glycosylation composition of these two mucins.

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