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  • 1.
    Aad, G.
    et al.
    CPPM, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P3, Marseille; France.
    Leroy, Corentin
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics.
    Lund-Jensen, Bengt
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Particle and Astroparticle Physics.
    Luongo, N. A.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics.
    Oide, H.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics.
    Shahinian, J. D.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics.
    Strandberg, Jonas
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Particle and Astroparticle Physics.
    Zwalinski, L.
    Nevis Laboratory, Columbia University, Irvington NY; United States of America.
    et al.,
    Electron and photon energy calibration with the ATLAS detector using LHC Run 2 data2024In: Journal of Instrumentation, ISSN 1748-0221, E-ISSN 1748-0221, Vol. 19, no 2, article id P02009Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper presents the electron and photon energy calibration obtained with the ATLAS detector using 140 fb−1 of LHC proton-proton collision data recorded at √s = 13 TeV between 2015 and 2018. Methods for the measurement of electron and photon energies are outlined, along with the current knowledge of the passive material in front of the ATLAS electromagnetic calorimeter. The energy calibration steps are discussed in detail, with emphasis on the improvements introduced in this paper. The absolute energy scale is set using a large sample of Z-boson decays into electron-positron pairs, and its residual dependence on the electron energy is used for the first time to further constrain systematic uncertainties. The achieved calibration uncertainties are typically 0.05% for electrons from resonant Z-boson decays, 0.4% at ET ∼ 10 GeV, and 0.3% at ET ∼ 1 TeV; for photons at ET ∼ 60 GeV, they are 0.2% on average. This is more than twice as precise as the previous calibration. The new energy calibration is validated using J/ → ee and radiative Z-boson decays.

  • 2.
    Aartsen, M. G.
    et al.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand..
    Ackermann, M.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Adams, J.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand..
    Aguilar, J. A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Ahlers, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Ahrens, M.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Al Samarai, I.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Altmann, D.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Andeen, K.
    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA..
    Anderson, T.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Ansseau, I.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Anton, G.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Arguelles, C.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Auffenberg, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Axani, S.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Bagherpour, H.
    Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand..
    Bai, X.
    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA..
    Barron, J. P.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Barwick, S. W.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Baum, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Bay, R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Beatty, J. J.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Tjus, J. Becker
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Becker, K. -H
    BenZvi, S.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
    Berley, D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Bernardini, E.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.;Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy.;INFN, I-35131 Padua, Italy.;Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.;Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Besson, D. Z.
    Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA..
    Binder, G.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Bindig, D.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Blaufuss, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Blot, S.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Bohm, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Borner, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Bos, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Boser, S.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Botner, O.
    Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden..
    Bourbeau, E.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Bourbeau, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Bradascio, F.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Braun, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Brenzke, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Bretz, H. -P
    Bron, S.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Brostean-Kaiser, J.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Burgman, A.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.;Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden.;Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.;Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy..
    Busse, R. S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Carver, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Cheung, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Chirkin, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Christov, A.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Clark, K.
    SNOLAB, 1039 Reg Rd 24, Lively, ON P3Y 1N2, Canada..
    Classen, L.
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Coenders, S.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Collin, G. H.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Conrad, J. M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Coppin, P.
    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Correa, P.
    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Cowen, D. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Ctr Particle & Gravitat Astrophys, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Cross, R.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
    Dave, P.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Day, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Andre, J. P. A. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    De Clercq, C.
    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    DeLaunay, J. J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Ctr Particle & Gravitat Astrophys, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Dembinski, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    De Ridder, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Desiati, P.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    de Vries, K. D.
    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de Wasseige, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    de With, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    DeYoung, T.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Diaz-Velez, J. C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Guadalajara, Dept Fis, Ctr Univ Ciencias Exactase Ingn, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.;Univ Guadalajara, Ctr Univ Valles CUValles, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico..
    di Lorenzo, V.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Dujmovic, H.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Dumm, J. P.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Dunkman, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Dvorak, E.
    South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA..
    Eberhardt, B.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Ehrhardt, T.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Eichmann, B.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Eller, P.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Evenson, P. A.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Fahey, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Fazely, A. R.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Felde, J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Filimonov, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Finley, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Flis, S.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Franckowiak, A.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.;Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.;DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Friedman, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Fritz, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Gaisser, T. K.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Gallagher, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Gerhardt, L.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Ghorbani, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Glauch, T.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Glusenkamp, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Goldschmidt, A.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Gonzalez, J. G.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Grant, D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Griffith, Z.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Haack, C.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Hallgren, A.
    Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden..
    Halzen, F.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hanson, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hebecker, D.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Heereman, D.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Helbing, K.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hellauer, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hickford, S.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hignight, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Hill, G. C.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Hoffman, K. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hoffmann, R.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Hoinka, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Hokanson-Fasig, B.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Hoshina, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan..
    Huang, F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Huber, M.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Hultqvist, K.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Hunnefeld, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Hussain, R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    In, S.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Iovine, N.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Ishihara, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Jacobi, E.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Japaridze, G. S.
    Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA..
    Jeong, M.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Jero, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Jones, B. J. P.
    Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Phys, 502 Yates St,Sci Hall Rm 108,Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019 USA..
    Kalaczynski, P.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Kang, W.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Kappes, A.
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Kappesser, D.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Karg, T.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Karle, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Katz, U.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Kauer, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Keivani, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Ctr Particle & Gravitat Astrophys, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Kelley, J. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kheirandish, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Kim, J.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Kim, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Kintscher, T.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kiryluk, J.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Kittler, T.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Klein, S. R.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Koirala, R.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Kolanoski, H.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Kopke, L.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kopper, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Kopper, S.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Koschinsky, J. P.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Koskinen, D. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Kowalski, M.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.;DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Krings, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Kroll, M.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Kruckl, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Kunwar, S.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kurahashi, N.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Kuwabara, T.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Kyriacou, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Labare, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Lanfranchi, J. L.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Larson, M. J.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Lauber, F.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Leonard, K.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Lesiak-Bzdak, M.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Leuermann, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Liu, Q. R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Mariscal, C. J. Lozano
    Westfalische Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Lu, L.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Lunemann, J.
    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Luszczak, W.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Madsen, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Maggi, G.
    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Mahn, K. B. M.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Mancina, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Maruyama, R.
    Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA..
    Mase, K.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Maunu, R.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Meagher, K.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Medici, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Meier, M.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Menne, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Merino, G.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Meures, T.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Miarecki, S.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Micallef, J.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Momente, G.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Montaruli, T.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland..
    Moore, R. W.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Morse, R.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Moulai, M.
    MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Nahnhauer, R.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Nakarmi, P.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Naumann, U.
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Neer, G.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Niederhausen, H.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Nowicki, S. C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Nygren, D. R.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pollmann, A. Obertacke
    Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany..
    Olivas, A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    O'Murchadha, A.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    O'Sullivan, E.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Palczewski, T.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Pandya, H.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Pankova, D. V.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Peiffer, P.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Pepper, J. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    de los Heros, C. Perez
    Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden..
    Pieloth, D.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Pinat, E.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Plum, M.
    Marquette Univ, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA..
    Price, P. B.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Przybylski, G. T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Raab, C.
    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac, CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Radel, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rameez, M.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Rauch, L.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Rawlins, K.
    Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA..
    Rea, I. C.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Reimann, R.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Relethford, B.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Relich, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Resconi, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Rhode, W.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.;Tech Univ Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Richman, M.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Robertson, S.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Rongen, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Rott, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Ruhe, T.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Ryckbosch, D.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Rysewyk, D.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Safa, I.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Salzer, T.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Herrera, S. E. Sanchez
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Sandrock, A.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Sandroos, J.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Santander, M.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.;Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.;Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Sarkar, S.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.;Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.;Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, 1 Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3NP, England..
    Satalecka, K.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.;Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schlunder, P.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Schmidt, T.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Schneider, A.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Schoenen, S.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Schoneberg, S.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Schumacher, L.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Sclafani, S.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Seckel, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Seunarine, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Soedingrekso, J.
    TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Soldin, D.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Song, M.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Spiczak, G. M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA..
    Spiering, C.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stachurska, J.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stamatikos, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Stanev, T.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Stasik, A.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stein, R.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stettner, J.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Steuer, A.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Stezelberger, T.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stokstad, R. G.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Stossl, A.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Strotjohann, N. L.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Stuttard, T.
    Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Sullivan, G. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Sutherland, M.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Taboada, I.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Tatar, J.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Tenholt, F.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Ter-Antonyan, S.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Terliuk, A.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Tilav, S.
    Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Toale, P. A.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Tobin, M. N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Toennis, C.
    Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea..
    Toscano, S.
    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Tosi, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Tselengidou, M.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Tung, C. F.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Turcati, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, D-85748 Garching, Germany..
    Turley, C. F.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Ctr Particle & Gravitat Astrophys, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Ty, B.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Unger, E.
    Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden..
    Usner, M.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vandenbroucke, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Van Driessche, W.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    van Eijk, D.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    van Eijndhoven, N.
    Vrije Univ Brussel VUB, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium..
    Vanheule, S.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    van Santen, J.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Vogel, E.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Vraeghe, M.
    Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Walck, C.
    Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wallace, A.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Mallraff, M.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wandler, F. D.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Wandkowsky, N.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Waza, A.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Weaver, C.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Weiss, M. J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Wendt, C.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Werthebach, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Westerhoff, S.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Whelan, B. J.
    Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Whitehorn, N.
    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA..
    Wiebe, K.
    Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany..
    Wiebusch, C. H.
    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Wille, L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Williams, D. R.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Wills, L.
    Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA..
    Wolf, M.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Wood, J.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Wood, T. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Woschnagg, K.
    Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Xu, D. L.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Xu, X. W.
    Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA..
    Xu, Y.
    SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA..
    Yanez, J. P.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Yodh, G.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Yoshida, S.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan..
    Yuan, T.
    Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.;Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA..
    Abdollahi, S.
    Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan..
    Ajello, M.
    Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Kinard Lab Phys, Clemson, SC 29634 USA..
    Angioni, R.
    Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Hugel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany..
    Baldini, L.
    Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy..
    Ballet, J.
    Univ Paris Diderot, CEA IRFU CNRS, Lab AIM, CEA Saclay,Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France..
    Barbiellini, G.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.;Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.;Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, Via Valerio 2, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.;INFN, Via Valerio 2, I-34127 Trieste, Italy..
    Bastieri, D.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy.;Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy..
    Bechtol, K.
    Large Synopt Survey Telescope, 933 North Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA..
    Bellazzini, R.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy..
    Berenji, B.
    Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA..
    Bissaldi, E.
    Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy..
    Blandford, R. D.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Bonino, R.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy.;Univ Torino, Dipartimento Fis, I-10125 Turin, Italy..
    Bottacini, E.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Univ Padua, Dept Phys & Astron, Vicolo Osservatorio 3, I-35122 Padua, Italy..
    Bregeon, J.
    Univ Montpellier, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, CNRS IN2P3, F-34095 F- Montpellier, France..
    Bruel, P.
    Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France..
    Buehler, R.
    Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Burnett, T. H.
    Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA..
    Burns, E.
    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.;NASA, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA..
    Buson, S.
    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.;NASA, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA..
    Cameron, R. A.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Caputo, R.
    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.;CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA..
    Caraveo, P. A.
    INAF, Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm Milano, Via E Bassini 15, I-20133 Milan, Italy..
    Cavazzuti, E.
    Italian Space Agcy, Via Politecn Snc, I-00133 Rome, Italy..
    Charles, E.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Chen, S.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy.;Univ Padua, Dept Phys & Astron, Vicolo Osservatorio 3, I-35122 Padua, Italy..
    Cheung, C. C.
    Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA..
    Chiang, J.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Chiaro, G.
    INAF, Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm Milano, Via E Bassini 15, I-20133 Milan, Italy..
    Ciprini, S.
    Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Space Sci Data Ctr, Snc, Via Politecnico, I-00133 Rome, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy..
    Cohen-Tanugi, J.
    Univ Montpellier, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, CNRS IN2P3, F-34095 F- Montpellier, France..
    Conrad, J.
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Costantin, D.
    Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy..
    Cutini, S.
    Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Space Sci Data Ctr, Snc, Via Politecnico, I-00133 Rome, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy..
    D'Ammando, F.
    INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.;Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy..
    de Palma, F.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Univ Telemat Pegaso, Piazza Trieste & Trento 48, I-80132 Naples, Italy..
    Digel, S. W.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Di Lalla, N.
    Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy..
    Di Mauro, M.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Di Venere, L.
    Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy..
    Dominguez, A.
    Univ Complutense Madrid, Grp Altas Energias, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.;Univ Complutense, Unidad Particulas & Cosmol UPARCOS, E-28040 Madrid, Spain..
    Favuzzi, C.
    Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy..
    Fukazawa, Y.
    Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan..
    Funk, S.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.;Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, Erlangen, Germany..
    Fusco, P.
    Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy..
    Gargano, F.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy..
    Gasparrini, D.
    Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Space Sci Data Ctr, Snc, Via Politecnico, I-00133 Rome, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy..
    Giglietto, N.
    Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy..
    Giomi, M.
    Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Giommi, P.
    Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Space Sci Data Ctr, Snc, Via Politecnico, I-00133 Rome, Italy..
    Giordano, F.
    Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy..
    Giroletti, M.
    INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy..
    Glanzman, T.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Green, D.
    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.;Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Grenier, I. A.
    Univ Paris Diderot, CEA IRFU CNRS, Lab AIM, CEA Saclay,Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France..
    Grondin, M. -H
    Guiriec, S.
    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.;George Washington Univ, Dept Phys, 725 21st St, Washington, DC 20052 USA..
    Harding, A. K.
    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA..
    Hayashida, M.
    Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Chiba Univ, Inst Global Prominent Res, Chiba 2638522, Japan.;Konan Univ, 8 Chome 9-1 Okamoto, Kobe, Hyogo 6580072, Japan.;Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium ICRR, Chiba 2778582, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan.;Tokai Univ, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan.;Univ Tokushima, Tokushima 7708502, Japan..
    Hays, E.
    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA..
    Hewitt, J. W.
    Univ North Florida, Dept Phys, 1 UNF Dr, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA..
    Horan, D.
    Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France..
    Johannesson, G.
    Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland.;KTH Royal Inst Technol, Roslagstullsbacken 23, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Roslagstullsbacken 23, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Kadler, M.
    Univ Wurzburg, Inst Theoret Phys & Astrophys, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany..
    Kensei, S.
    Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan..
    Kocevski, D.
    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA..
    Krauss, F.
    Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, Postbus 94249, NL-1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands.;Univ Amsterdam, GRAPPA, Sci Pk 904, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands..
    Kreter, M.
    Univ Wurzburg, Inst Theoret Phys & Astrophys, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany..
    Kuss, M.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy..
    La Mura, G.
    Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy..
    Larsson, S.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics. AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Latronico, L.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy..
    Lemoine-Goumard, M.
    Univ Bordeaux, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, BP120, F-33175 Gradignan, France.;Univ Bordeaux, CNRS IN2P3, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, F-33175 Gradignan, France..
    Li, J.
    Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Longo, F.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.;Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.;Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy.;INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy.;Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy..
    Loparco, F.
    Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy..
    Lovellette, M. N.
    Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA..
    Lubrano, P.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy..
    Magill, J. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Maldera, S.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy..
    Malyshev, D.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Manfreda, A.
    Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy..
    Mazziotta, M. N.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy..
    McEnery, J. E.
    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.;Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Meyer, M.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Michelson, P. F.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Mizuno, T.
    Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan..
    Monzani, M. E.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Morselli, A.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy.;INFN Roma Tor Vergata, Via Ric Sci 1, I-00133 Rome, Italy..
    Moskalenko, I. V.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Negro, M.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy.;Univ Torino, Dipartimento Fis, I-10125 Turin, Italy..
    Nuss, E.
    Univ Montpellier, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, CNRS IN2P3, F-34095 F- Montpellier, France..
    Ojha, R.
    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA..
    Omodei, N.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Orienti, M.
    INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy..
    Orlando, E.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Palatiello, M.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.;Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy..
    Paliya, V. S.
    Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Kinard Lab Phys, Clemson, SC 29634 USA..
    Perkins, J. S.
    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA..
    Persic, M.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.;Osserv Astron Trieste, Ist Nazl Astrofis, I-34143 Trieste, Italy.;Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy.;INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy.;Univ Bologna, INAF Trieste, Bologna, Italy.;Univ Bologna, Dept Phys & Astron, Bologna, Italy..
    Pesce-Rollins, M.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy..
    Piron, F.
    Univ Montpellier, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, CNRS IN2P3, F-34095 F- Montpellier, France..
    Porter, T. A.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Principe, G.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Raino, S.
    Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy..
    Rando, R.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy.;Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy..
    Rani, B.
    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA..
    Razzano, M.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy..
    Razzaque, S.
    Univ Johannesburg, Dept Phys, Box 524, ZA-2006 Auckland, New Zealand..
    Reimer, A.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.;Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria..
    Reimer, O.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.;Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria..
    Renault-Tinacci, N.
    Univ Paris Diderot, CEA IRFU CNRS, Lab AIM, CEA Saclay,Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.;UPMC CNRS, Inst Astrophys Paris, UMR7095, F-75014 Paris, France..
    Ritz, S.
    Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.;Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA..
    Rochester, L. S.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Parkinson, P. M. Saz
    Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.;Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.;Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys, Pokfulam Rd, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.;Univ Hong Kong, Lab Space Res, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China..
    Sgro, C.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy..
    Siskind, E. J.
    NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA..
    Spandre, G.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy..
    Spinelli, P.
    Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy..
    Suson, D. J.
    Purdue Univ Northwest, Hammond, IN 46323 USA..
    Tajima, H.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan..
    Takahashi, M.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany.;Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium ICRR, Chiba 2778582, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan.;Tokai Univ, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan.;Univ Tokushima, Tokushima 7708502, Japan..
    Tanaka, Y.
    Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan..
    Thayer, J. B.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Thompson, D. J.
    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA..
    Tibaldo, L.
    Univ Toulouse, CNRS, IRAP, UPS,CNES, F-31028 Toulouse, France..
    Torres, D. F.
    Inst Space Sci CSICIEEC, Campus UAB, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain.;ICREA, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain..
    Torresi, E.
    INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm Bologna, Via P Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy..
    Tosti, G.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy.;Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy..
    Troja, E.
    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.;Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Valverde, J.
    Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France..
    Vianello, G.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Vogel, M.
    Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA..
    Wood, K.
    Praxis Inc, Alexandria, VA 22303 USA.;Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA..
    Wood, M.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Zaharijas, G.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.;Univ Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.;Univ Nova Gorica, Ctr Astrophys & Cosmol, Nova Gorica, Slovenia..
    Ahnen, M. L.
    Swiss Fed Inst Technol, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland..
    Ansoldi, S.
    Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy.;INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy.;Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium ICRR, Chiba 2778582, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan.;Tokai Univ, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan.;Univ Tokushima, Tokushima 7708502, Japan..
    Antonelli, L. A.
    Natl Inst Astrophys INAF, I-00136 Rome, Italy..
    Arcaro, C.
    Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy.;INFN, I-35131 Padua, Italy..
    Baack, D.
    Tech Univ Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Babic, A.
    Natl Inst Astrophys INAF, I-00136 Rome, Italy.;Univ Rijeka, Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rijeka 51000, Croatia.;Univ Zagreb FESB, Split 21000, Croatia.;Univ Zagreb FER, Zagreb 21000, Croatia.;Univ Osijek, Osijek 31000, Croatia.;Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.;Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany.;BIST, IFAE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain..
    Banerjee, B.
    Saha Inst Nucl Phys, HBNI, 1-AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700064, India..
    Bangale, P.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    de Almeida, U. Barres
    URCA, CBPF, BR-2229018 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil..
    Barrio, J. A.
    Univ Complutense, Unidad Particulas & Cosmol UPARCOS, E-28040 Madrid, Spain..
    Gonzalez, J. Becerra
    Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain.;Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38206 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain..
    Bednarek, W.
    Univ Lodz, Dept Astrophys, PL-90236 Lodz, Poland..
    Berti, A.
    Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy.;INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy.;Univ Rijeka, Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rijeka 51000, Croatia.;Univ Zagreb FESB, Split 21000, Croatia.;Univ Zagreb FER, Zagreb 21000, Croatia.;Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy..
    Bhattacharyya, W.
    Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Biland, A.
    Swiss Fed Inst Technol, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland..
    Blanch, O.
    BIST, IFAE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain..
    Bonnoli, G.
    Univ Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy.;INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy..
    Carosi, A.
    Natl Inst Astrophys INAF, I-00136 Rome, Italy.;Univ Savoie Mont Blanc, Univ Grenoble Alpes, Lab Annecy Phys Particules, CNRS,LAPP, F-74000 Annecy, France..
    Carosi, R.
    Univ Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy.;INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy..
    Ceribella, G.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    Chatterjee, A.
    Saha Inst Nucl Phys, HBNI, 1-AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700064, India..
    Colak, S. M.
    BIST, IFAE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain..
    Colin, P.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    Colombo, E.
    Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain.;Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38206 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain..
    Contreras, J. L.
    Univ Complutense, Unidad Particulas & Cosmol UPARCOS, E-28040 Madrid, Spain..
    Cortina, J.
    BIST, IFAE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain..
    Covino, S.
    Natl Inst Astrophys INAF, I-00136 Rome, Italy..
    Cumani, P.
    BIST, IFAE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain..
    Da Vela, P.
    Univ Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy.;INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy..
    Dazzi, F.
    Natl Inst Astrophys INAF, I-00136 Rome, Italy..
    De Angelis, A.
    Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy.;INFN, I-35131 Padua, Italy..
    De Lotto, B.
    Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy.;INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy..
    Delfino, M.
    BIST, IFAE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.;Port Informac Cient PIC, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain..
    Delgado, J.
    BIST, IFAE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain..
    Di Pierro, F.
    Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy.;INFN, I-35131 Padua, Italy..
    Prester, D. . Dominis
    Univ Rijeka, Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rijeka 51000, Croatia.;Univ Zagreb FESB, Split 21000, Croatia.;Univ Zagreb FER, Zagreb 21000, Croatia.;Univ Osijek, Osijek 31000, Croatia.;Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb 10000, Croatia..
    Dorner, D.
    Univ Wurzburg, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany..
    Doro, M.
    Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy.;INFN, I-35131 Padua, Italy..
    Einecke, S.
    Tech Univ Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Elsaesser, D.
    Tech Univ Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Ramazani, V. Fallah
    Univ Turku, Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Tuorla Observ, Vaisalantie 20, FI-21500 Piikkio, Finland.;Univ Turku, Finnish Ctr Astron ESO FINCA, Vaisalantie 20, FI-21500 Piikkio, Finland.;Univ Oulu, Astron Div, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland..
    Fernandez-Barral, A.
    Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy.;INFN, I-35131 Padua, Italy.;BIST, IFAE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain..
    Fidalgo, D.
    Univ Complutense, Unidad Particulas & Cosmol UPARCOS, E-28040 Madrid, Spain..
    Foffano, L.
    Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy.;INFN, I-35131 Padua, Italy..
    Pfrang, K.
    Tech Univ Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany..
    Fonseca, M. V.
    Univ Complutense, Unidad Particulas & Cosmol UPARCOS, E-28040 Madrid, Spain..
    Font, L.
    Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Fis, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain.;Univ Autonoma Barcelona, CERES IEEC, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain..
    Franceschini, A.
    Univ Padua, Dept Phys & Astron, E-35131 Padua, Italy..
    Fruck, C.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    Galindo, D.
    Univ Barcelona, ICC, IEEC UB, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain..
    Gallozzi, S.
    Natl Inst Astrophys INAF, I-00136 Rome, Italy..
    Lopez, R. J. Garcia
    Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain.;Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38206 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain..
    Garczarczyk, M.
    Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Gaug, M.
    Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Fis, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain.;Univ Autonoma Barcelona, CERES IEEC, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain..
    Giammaria, P.
    Natl Inst Astrophys INAF, I-00136 Rome, Italy..
    Godinovic, N.
    Univ Rijeka, Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rijeka 51000, Croatia.;Univ Zagreb FESB, Split 21000, Croatia.;Univ Zagreb FER, Zagreb 21000, Croatia.;Univ Osijek, Osijek 31000, Croatia.;Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb 10000, Croatia..
    Gora, D.
    Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.;Polish Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland..
    Guberman, D.
    BIST, IFAE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain..
    Hadasch, D.
    Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium ICRR, Chiba 2778582, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan.;Tokai Univ, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan.;Univ Tokushima, Tokushima 7708502, Japan..
    Hahn, A.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    Hassan, T.
    BIST, IFAE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain..
    Herrera, J.
    Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain.;Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38206 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain..
    Hose, J.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    Hrupec, D.
    Univ Rijeka, Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rijeka 51000, Croatia.;Univ Zagreb FESB, Split 21000, Croatia.;Univ Zagreb FER, Zagreb 21000, Croatia.;Univ Osijek, Osijek 31000, Croatia.;Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb 10000, Croatia..
    Inoue, S.
    RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan..
    Ishio, K.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    Konno, Y.
    Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium ICRR, Chiba 2778582, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan.;Tokai Univ, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan.;Univ Tokushima, Tokushima 7708502, Japan..
    Kubo, H.
    Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium ICRR, Chiba 2778582, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan.;Tokai Univ, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan.;Univ Tokushima, Tokushima 7708502, Japan..
    Kushida, J.
    Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium ICRR, Chiba 2778582, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan.;Tokai Univ, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan.;Univ Tokushima, Tokushima 7708502, Japan..
    Lelas, D.
    Univ Rijeka, Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rijeka 51000, Croatia.;Univ Zagreb FESB, Split 21000, Croatia.;Univ Zagreb FER, Zagreb 21000, Croatia.;Univ Osijek, Osijek 31000, Croatia.;Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb 10000, Croatia..
    Lindfors, E.
    Univ Turku, Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Tuorla Observ, Vaisalantie 20, FI-21500 Piikkio, Finland.;Univ Turku, Finnish Ctr Astron ESO FINCA, Vaisalantie 20, FI-21500 Piikkio, Finland.;Univ Oulu, Astron Div, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland..
    Lombardi, S.
    Natl Inst Astrophys INAF, I-00136 Rome, Italy..
    Lopez, M.
    Univ Complutense, Unidad Particulas & Cosmol UPARCOS, E-28040 Madrid, Spain..
    Maggio, C.
    Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Fis, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain.;Univ Autonoma Barcelona, CERES IEEC, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain..
    Majumdar, P.
    Saha Inst Nucl Phys, HBNI, 1-AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700064, India..
    Makariev, M.
    Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res & Nucl Energy, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria..
    Maneva, G.
    Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res & Nucl Energy, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria..
    Manganaro, M.
    Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain.;Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38206 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain..
    Mannheim, K.
    Univ Wurzburg, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany..
    Maraschi, L.
    Natl Inst Astrophys INAF, I-00136 Rome, Italy..
    Mariotti, M.
    Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy.;INFN, I-35131 Padua, Italy..
    Martinez, M.
    BIST, IFAE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain..
    Masuda, S.
    Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium ICRR, Chiba 2778582, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan.;Tokai Univ, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan.;Univ Tokushima, Tokushima 7708502, Japan..
    Mazin, D.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany.;Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium ICRR, Chiba 2778582, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan.;Tokai Univ, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan.;Univ Tokushima, Tokushima 7708502, Japan..
    Minev, M.
    Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res & Nucl Energy, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria..
    M, J. M.
    Univ Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy.;INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy..
    Mirzoyan, R.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    Moralejo, A.
    BIST, IFAE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain..
    Moreno, V.
    Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Fis, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain.;Univ Autonoma Barcelona, CERES IEEC, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain..
    Moretti, E.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    Nagayoshi, T.
    Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium ICRR, Chiba 2778582, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan.;Tokai Univ, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan.;Univ Tokushima, Tokushima 7708502, Japan..
    Neustroev, V.
    Univ Turku, Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Tuorla Observ, Vaisalantie 20, FI-21500 Piikkio, Finland.;Univ Turku, Finnish Ctr Astron ESO FINCA, Vaisalantie 20, FI-21500 Piikkio, Finland.;Univ Oulu, Astron Div, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland..
    Niedzwiecki, A.
    Univ Lodz, Dept Astrophys, PL-90236 Lodz, Poland..
    Rosillo, M. Nievas
    Univ Complutense, Unidad Particulas & Cosmol UPARCOS, E-28040 Madrid, Spain..
    Nigro, C.
    Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Nilsson, K.
    Univ Turku, Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Tuorla Observ, Vaisalantie 20, FI-21500 Piikkio, Finland.;Univ Turku, Finnish Ctr Astron ESO FINCA, Vaisalantie 20, FI-21500 Piikkio, Finland.;Univ Oulu, Astron Div, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland..
    Ninci, D.
    BIST, IFAE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain..
    Nishijima, K.
    Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium ICRR, Chiba 2778582, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan.;Tokai Univ, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan.;Univ Tokushima, Tokushima 7708502, Japan..
    Noda, K.
    BIST, IFAE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.;Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium ICRR, Chiba 2778582, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan.;Tokai Univ, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan.;Univ Tokushima, Tokushima 7708502, Japan..
    Nogues, L.
    BIST, IFAE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain..
    Paiano, S.
    Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy.;INFN, I-35131 Padua, Italy..
    Palacio, J.
    BIST, IFAE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain..
    Paneque, D.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    Paoletti, R.
    Univ Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy.;INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy..
    Paredes, J. M.
    Univ Barcelona, ICC, IEEC UB, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain..
    Pedaletti, G.
    Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Peresano, M.
    Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy.;INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy..
    Moroni, P. G. Prada
    Univ Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy.;INFN Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy..
    Prandini, E.
    Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy.;INFN, I-35131 Padua, Italy..
    Puljak, I.
    Univ Rijeka, Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rijeka 51000, Croatia.;Univ Zagreb FESB, Split 21000, Croatia.;Univ Zagreb FER, Zagreb 21000, Croatia.;Univ Osijek, Osijek 31000, Croatia.;Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb 10000, Croatia..
    Garcia, J. Rodriguez
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    Reichardt, I.
    Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy.;INFN, I-35131 Padua, Italy..
    Ribo, M.
    Univ Barcelona, ICC, IEEC UB, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain..
    Rico, J.
    BIST, IFAE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain..
    Righi, C.
    Natl Inst Astrophys INAF, I-00136 Rome, Italy..
    Rugliancich, A.
    Univ Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy.;INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy..
    Saito, T.
    Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium ICRR, Chiba 2778582, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan.;Tokai Univ, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan.;Univ Tokushima, Tokushima 7708502, Japan..
    Schweizer, T.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    Sitarek, J.
    Univ Lodz, Dept Astrophys, PL-90236 Lodz, Poland.;Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium ICRR, Chiba 2778582, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan.;Tokai Univ, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan.;Univ Tokushima, Tokushima 7708502, Japan..
    Snidaric, I.
    Univ Rijeka, Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rijeka 51000, Croatia.;Univ Zagreb FESB, Split 21000, Croatia.;Univ Zagreb FER, Zagreb 21000, Croatia.;Univ Osijek, Osijek 31000, Croatia.;Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb 10000, Croatia..
    Sobczynska, D.
    Univ Lodz, Dept Astrophys, PL-90236 Lodz, Poland..
    Stamerra, A.
    Natl Inst Astrophys INAF, I-00136 Rome, Italy..
    Strzys, M.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    Suric, T.
    Univ Rijeka, Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rijeka 51000, Croatia.;Univ Zagreb FESB, Split 21000, Croatia.;Univ Zagreb FER, Zagreb 21000, Croatia.;Univ Osijek, Osijek 31000, Croatia.;Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb 10000, Croatia..
    Tavecchio, F.
    Natl Inst Astrophys INAF, I-00136 Rome, Italy..
    Temnikov, P.
    Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res & Nucl Energy, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria..
    Terzic, T.
    Univ Rijeka, Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rijeka 51000, Croatia.;Univ Zagreb FESB, Split 21000, Croatia.;Univ Zagreb FER, Zagreb 21000, Croatia.;Univ Osijek, Osijek 31000, Croatia.;Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb 10000, Croatia..
    Teshima, M.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany.;Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium ICRR, Chiba 2778582, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan.;Tokai Univ, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan.;Univ Tokushima, Tokushima 7708502, Japan..
    Torres-Alba, N.
    Univ Barcelona, ICC, IEEC UB, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain..
    Treves, A.
    Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy.;INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy..
    Tsujimoto, S.
    Univ Tokyo, Japanese MAGIC Consortium ICRR, Chiba 2778582, Japan.;Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan.;Tokai Univ, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan.;Univ Tokushima, Tokushima 7708502, Japan..
    Vanzo, G.
    Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain.;Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38206 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain..
    Acosta, M. Vazquez
    Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain.;Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38206 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain..
    Vovk, I.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    Ward, J. E.
    BIST, IFAE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain..
    Will, M.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    Zaric, D.
    Univ Rijeka, Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rijeka 51000, Croatia.;Univ Zagreb FESB, Split 21000, Croatia.;Univ Zagreb FER, Zagreb 21000, Croatia.;Univ Osijek, Osijek 31000, Croatia.;Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb 10000, Croatia..
    Lucarelli, F.
    ASI Space Sci Data Ctr SSDC, Via Politecn Snc, I-00133 Rome, Italy.;INAF OAR, Via Frascati 33, I-00078 Rome, Italy..
    Tavani, M.
    INAF IAPS Roma, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy.;Univ Tor Vergata, Via Ric Sci 1, I-00133 Rome, Italy.;Gran Sasso Sci Inst, Viale Francesco Crispi 7, I-67100 Laquila, Italy..
    Piano, G.
    INAF IAPS Roma, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy..
    Donnarumma, I.
    ASI, Via Politecn Snc, I-00133 Rome, Italy..
    Pittori, C.
    ASI Space Sci Data Ctr SSDC, Via Politecn Snc, I-00133 Rome, Italy.;INAF OAR, Via Frascati 33, I-00078 Rome, Italy..
    Verrecchia, F.
    ASI Space Sci Data Ctr SSDC, Via Politecn Snc, I-00133 Rome, Italy.;INAF OAR, Via Frascati 33, I-00078 Rome, Italy..
    Bulgarelli, A.
    INAF IASF Bologna, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy..
    Caraveo, P.
    INAF IASF Milano, Via Bassini 15, I-20133 Milan, Italy..
    Cattaneo, P. W.
    INFN Pavia, Via Bassi 6, I-27100 Pavia, Italy..
    Colafrancesco, S.
    INAF OAR, Via Frascati 33, I-00078 Rome, Italy.;Univ Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.;Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Phys, 1 Jan Smuts Ave, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa..
    Costa, E.
    INAF IAPS Roma, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy.;ASI, Via Politecn Snc, I-00133 Rome, Italy..
    Di Cocco, G.
    INAF IASF Bologna, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy..
    Ferrari, A.
    Univ Turin, Phys Dept, CIFS, Via P Giuria 1, I-10125 Turin, Italy..
    Gianotti, F.
    INAF IASF Bologna, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy..
    Giuliani, A.
    INAF IASF Milano, Via Bassini 15, I-20133 Milan, Italy..
    Lipari, P.
    INFN Roma Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, I-00185 Rome, Italy..
    Mereghetti, S.
    INAF IASF Milano, Via Bassini 15, I-20133 Milan, Italy.;IASF Milano, INAF, Via E Bassini 15, I-20133 Milan, Italy..
    Pacciani, L.
    INAF IAPS Roma, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy..
    Paoletti, F.
    INAF IAPS Roma, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy.;East Windsor RSD, 25a Leshin Lane, Hightstown, NJ 08520 USA..
    Parmiggiani, N.
    INAF IASF Bologna, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy..
    Pellizzoni, A.
    INAF, Osservatorio Astron Cagliari, Via Sci 5, I-09047 Selargius, CA, Italy..
    Picozza, P.
    INFN Roma Tor Vergata, Via Ric Sci 1, I-00133 Rome, Italy..
    Pilia, M.
    INAF, Osservatorio Astron Cagliari, Via Sci 5, I-09047 Selargius, CA, Italy..
    Rappoldi, A.
    INFN Pavia, Via Bassi 6, I-27100 Pavia, Italy..
    Trois, A.
    INAF, Osservatorio Astron Cagliari, Via Sci 5, I-09047 Selargius, CA, Italy..
    Vercellone, S.
    INAF Oss Astron Brera, Via E Bianchi 46, I-23807 Merate, LC, Italy..
    Vittorini, V.
    INAF IAPS Roma, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy..
    Stanek, K. Z.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 140 West 18th Ave Columbus, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Kochanek, C. S.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 140 West 18th Ave Columbus, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, 191 W Woodruff S9 Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Beacom, J. F.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 140 West 18th Ave Columbus, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, 191 W Woodruff S9 Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 191 W Woodruff Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Thompson, T. A.
    Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 140 West 18th Ave Columbus, Columbus, OH 43210 USA..
    Holoien, W. -S
    Dong, S.
    Peking Univ, Kavli Inst Astron & Astrophys, 5 Yiheyuanlu, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China..
    Prieto, J. L.
    Univ Diego Port, Nucleo Astron, Fac Ingn Ciencias, Av Ejercito 441, Santiago, Chile.;Millennium Inst Astrophys, Santiago, Chile. Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, 2680 Woodlawn Dr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA..
    Shappee, B. J.
    Millennium Inst Astrophys, Santiago, Chile. Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, 2680 Woodlawn Dr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA..
    Holmbo, S.
    Aarhus Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ny Munkegade 120, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark..
    Abeysekara, A. U.
    Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT USA.;Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA..
    Albert, A.
    Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM USA.;Univ Paris Saclay, IRFU, CEA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.;Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, Newtonstr 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.;Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA..
    Alfaro, R.
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Mexico City, DF, Mexico..
    Alvarez, C.
    Univ Autonoma Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico..
    Arceo, R.
    Univ Autonoma Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico..
    Arteaga-Velazquez, J. C.
    Univ Michoacana, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico..
    Rojas, D. Avila
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Mexico City, DF, Mexico..
    Solares, H. A. Ayala
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Becerril, A.
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Mexico City, DF, Mexico..
    Belmont-Moreno, E.
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Mexico City, DF, Mexico..
    Bernal, A.
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City, DF, Mexico..
    Caballero-Mora, K. S.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Capistran, T.
    Inst Nacl Astrofis, Opt Elect, Puebla, Mexico..
    Carraminana, A.
    Inst Nacl Astrofis, Opt Elect, Puebla, Mexico..
    Casanova, S.
    Polish Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Phys, IFJ PAN, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland.;Max Planck Inst Kernphys, POB 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany.;Inst Fizyki Jadrowej PAN, Ul Radzikowskiego 152, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland..
    Castillo, M.
    Univ Michoacana, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico..
    Cotti, U.
    Univ Michoacana, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico..
    Cotzomi, J.
    Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Fac Ciencias Fis Matemat, Puebla, Mexico..
    de Leon, S. Coutino
    Inst Nacl Astrofis, Opt Elect, Puebla, Mexico..
    De Leon, C.
    Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Fac Ciencias Fis Matemat, Puebla, Mexico..
    De la Fuente, E.
    Univ Guadalajara, Dept Fis, Ctr Univ Ciencias Exactase Ingn, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.;Univ Guadalajara, Ctr Univ Valles CUValles, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico..
    Hernandez, R. Diaz
    Inst Nacl Astrofis, Opt Elect, Puebla, Mexico..
    Dichiara, S.
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City, DF, Mexico..
    Dingus, B. L.
    Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM USA..
    DuVernois, M. A.
    Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Phys, Madison, WI USA..
    Ellsworth, R. W.
    George Mason Univ, Sch Phys Astron & Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA..
    Engel, K.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Fiorino, D. W.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Fleischhack, H.
    Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA..
    Fraija, N.
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City, DF, Mexico..
    Garcia-Gonzalez, J. A.
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Mexico City, DF, Mexico..
    Garfias, F.
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City, DF, Mexico..
    Munoz, A. Gonzalez
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Mexico City, DF, Mexico..
    Gonzalez, M. M.
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City, DF, Mexico..
    Goodman, J. A.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Hampel-Arias, Z.
    Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Phys, Madison, WI USA..
    Harding, J. P.
    Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM USA..
    Hernandez, S.
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Mexico City, DF, Mexico..
    Hona, B.
    Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA..
    Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F.
    Univ Autonoma Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico..
    Hui, C. M.
    NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Off, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA..
    Huntemeyer, P.
    Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA..
    Iriarte, A.
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City, DF, Mexico..
    Jardin-Blicq, A.
    Max Planck Inst Nucl Phys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany..
    Joshi, V.
    Max Planck Inst Nucl Phys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany..
    Kaufmann, S.
    Univ Autonoma Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico..
    Kunde, G. J.
    Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM USA..
    Lara, A.
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Geofis, Mexico City, DF, Mexico..
    Lauer, R. J.
    Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA..
    Lee, W. H.
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City, DF, Mexico..
    Lennarz, D.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Vargas, H. Leon
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Mexico City, DF, Mexico..
    Linnemann, J. T.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Longinotti, A. L.
    Inst Nacl Astrofis, Opt Elect, Puebla, Mexico..
    Luis-Raya, G.
    Univ Politecn Pachuca, Pachuca, Hgo, Mexico..
    Luna-Garcia, R.
    Inst Politecn Nacl, Ctr Invest Computac, Mexico City, DF, Mexico..
    Malone, K.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Marinelli, S. S.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Martinez, O.
    Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Fac Ciencias Fis Matemat, Puebla, Mexico..
    Martinez-Castellanos, I.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Martinez-Castro, J.
    Inst Politecn Nacl, Ctr Invest Computac, Mexico City, DF, Mexico..
    Martinez-Huerta, H.
    IPN, Dept Phys, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Mexico City, DF, Mexico..
    Matthews, J. A.
    Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA..
    Miranda-Romagnoli, P.
    Univ Autonoma Estado Hidalgo, Pachuca, Mexico..
    Moreno, E.
    Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Fac Ciencias Fis Matemat, Puebla, Mexico..
    Mostafa, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Nayerhoda, A.
    Polish Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Phys, IFJ PAN, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland..
    Nellen, L.
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ciencias Nucl, Mexico City, DF, Mexico..
    Newbold, M.
    Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT USA..
    Nisa, M. U.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
    Noriega-Papaqui, R.
    Univ Autonoma Estado Hidalgo, Pachuca, Mexico..
    Pelayo, R.
    Inst Politecn Nacl, Ctr Invest Computac, Mexico City, DF, Mexico..
    Pretz, J.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Perez-Perez, E. G.
    Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM USA..
    Ren, Z.
    Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA..
    Rho, C. D.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
    Riviere, C.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Rosa-Gonzalez, D.
    Inst Nacl Astrofis, Opt Elect, Puebla, Mexico..
    Rosenberg, M.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Ruiz-Velasco, E.
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Mexico City, DF, Mexico.;Max Planck Inst Nucl Phys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany..
    Greus, F. Salesa
    Polish Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Phys, IFJ PAN, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland..
    Sandoval, A.
    Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Mexico City, DF, Mexico..
    Schneider, M.
    Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA..
    Schoorlemmer, H.
    Max Planck Inst Nucl Phys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany..
    Sinnis, G.
    Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM USA..
    Smith, A. J.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Springer, R. W.
    Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT USA..
    Surajbali, P.
    Max Planck Inst Nucl Phys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany..
    Tibolla, O.
    Univ Autonoma Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico..
    Tollefson, K.
    Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA..
    Torres, I.
    Inst Nacl Astrofis, Opt Elect, Puebla, Mexico..
    Villasenor, L.
    Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Fac Ciencias Fis Matemat, Puebla, Mexico..
    Weisgarber, T.
    Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Phys, Madison, WI USA..
    Werner, F.
    Max Planck Inst Nucl Phys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany..
    Yapici, T.
    Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA..
    Gaurang, Y.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA..
    Zepeda, A.
    IPN, Dept Phys, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Mexico City, DF, Mexico..
    Zhou, H.
    Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM USA..
    Alvarez, J. D.
    Univ Michoacana, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico..
    Abdalla, H.
    North West Univ, Ctr Space Res, ZA-2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa..
    Anguner, E. O.
    Aix Marseille Univ, CPPM, CNRS IN2P3, Marseille, France..
    Armand, C.
    Univ Savoie Mont Blanc, Univ Grenoble Alpes, Lab Annecy Phys Particules, CNRS,LAPP, F-74000 Annecy, France..
    Backes, M.
    Univ Namibia, Dept Phys, Private Bag 13301, Windhoek, Namibia..
    Becherini, Y.
    Linnaeus Univ, Dept Phys & Elect Engn, S-35195 Vaxjo, Sweden..
    Berge, D.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Bottcher, M.
    North West Univ, Ctr Space Res, ZA-2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa..
    Boisson, C.
    Univ Paris Diderot, PSL Res Univ, CNRS, LUTH, 5 Pl Jules Janssen, F-92190 Meudon, France..
    Bolmont, J.
    Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Univ, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Paris Cite,LPNHE,CNRS IN2P3, 4 Pl Jussieu, F-75252 Paris, France..
    Bonnefoy, S.
    Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Univ, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Paris Cite,LPNHE,CNRS IN2P3, 4 Pl Jussieu, F-75252 Paris, France..
    Bordas, P.
    Max Planck Inst Kernphys, POB 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany..
    Brun, F.
    Univ Bordeaux, CNRS IN2P3, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, F-33175 Gradignan, France..
    Buchele, M.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, Erlangen, Germany..
    Bulik, T.
    Univ Warsaw, Astron Observ, Ujazdowskie 4, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland..
    Caroff, S.
    Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France..
    Cerruti, M.
    Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Univ, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Paris Cite,LPNHE,CNRS IN2P3, 4 Pl Jussieu, F-75252 Paris, France..
    Chakraborty, N.
    Max Planck Inst Kernphys, POB 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany..
    Chandra, S.
    North West Univ, Ctr Space Res, ZA-2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa..
    Chen, A.
    Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Phys, 1 Jan Smuts Ave, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa..
    Davids, I. D.
    Univ Namibia, Dept Phys, Private Bag 13301, Windhoek, Namibia..
    Deil, C.
    Max Planck Inst Kernphys, POB 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany..
    Devin, J.
    Univ Montpellier, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, CC 72,Pl Eugene Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France..
    Djannati-Atai, A.
    Univ Paris Diderot, APC, AstroParticule & Cosmol, CEA Irfu,CNRS IN2P3, 10 Rue Alice Domon & Leonie Duquet, F-75205 Paris 13, France..
    Egberts, K.
    Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, Karl Liebknecht Str 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany..
    Emery, G.
    Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Univ, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Paris Cite,LPNHE,CNRS IN2P3, 4 Pl Jussieu, F-75252 Paris, France..
    Eschbach, S.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, Erlangen, Germany..
    Fiasson, A.
    Univ Savoie Mont Blanc, Univ Grenoble Alpes, Lab Annecy Phys Particules, CNRS,LAPP, F-74000 Annecy, France..
    Fontaine, G.
    Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France..
    Fussling, M.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Gallant, Y. A.
    Univ Montpellier, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, CC 72,Pl Eugene Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France..
    Gate, F.
    Univ Savoie Mont Blanc, Univ Grenoble Alpes, Lab Annecy Phys Particules, CNRS,LAPP, F-74000 Annecy, France..
    Giavitto, G.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Glawion, D.
    Heidelberg Univ, Landessternwarte, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany..
    Glicenstein, J. F.
    Univ Paris Saclay, IRFU, CEA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France..
    Gottschall, D.
    Univ Tubingen, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Sand 1, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany..
    Haupt, M.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Henri, G.
    Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France..
    Hinton, J. A.
    Max Planck Inst Kernphys, POB 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany..
    Hoischen, C.
    Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, Karl Liebknecht Str 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany..
    Holch, T. L.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, Newtonstr 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Huber, D.
    Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria..
    Jamrozy, M.
    Uniwersytet Jagiellonski, Obserwatorium Astron, Ul Orla 171, PL-30244 Krakow, Poland..
    Jankowsky, D.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, Erlangen, Germany..
    Jankowsky, F.
    Heidelberg Univ, Landessternwarte, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany..
    Jouvin, L.
    Univ Paris Diderot, APC, AstroParticule & Cosmol, CEA Irfu,CNRS IN2P3, 10 Rue Alice Domon & Leonie Duquet, F-75205 Paris 13, France..
    Jung-Richardt, I.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, Erlangen, Germany..
    Kerszberg, D.
    Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Univ, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Paris Cite,LPNHE,CNRS IN2P3, 4 Pl Jussieu, F-75252 Paris, France..
    Khelifi, B.
    Univ Paris Diderot, APC, AstroParticule & Cosmol, CEA Irfu,CNRS IN2P3, 10 Rue Alice Domon & Leonie Duquet, F-75205 Paris 13, France..
    King, J.
    Max Planck Inst Kernphys, POB 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany..
    Klepser, S.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kluzniak, W.
    Polish Acad Sci, Nicolaus Copernicus Astron Ctr, Ul Bartycka 18, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland..
    Komin, Nu.
    Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Phys, 1 Jan Smuts Ave, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa..
    Kraus, M.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, Erlangen, Germany..
    Lefaucheur, J.
    Univ Paris Saclay, IRFU, CEA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France..
    Lemiere, A.
    Univ Paris Diderot, APC, AstroParticule & Cosmol, CEA Irfu,CNRS IN2P3, 10 Rue Alice Domon & Leonie Duquet, F-75205 Paris 13, France..
    Lenain, J. -P
    Leser, E.
    Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, Karl Liebknecht Str 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany..
    Lohse, T.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, Newtonstr 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Lopez-Coto, R.
    Max Planck Inst Kernphys, POB 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany..
    Lorentz, M.
    Univ Paris Saclay, IRFU, CEA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France..
    Lypova, I.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Marandon, V.
    Max Planck Inst Kernphys, POB 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany..
    Marti-Devesa, G. Guillem
    Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria..
    Maurin, G.
    Univ Savoie Mont Blanc, Univ Grenoble Alpes, Lab Annecy Phys Particules, CNRS,LAPP, F-74000 Annecy, France..
    Mitchell, A. M. W.
    Max Planck Inst Kernphys, POB 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany..
    Moderski, R.
    Polish Acad Sci, Nicolaus Copernicus Astron Ctr, Ul Bartycka 18, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland..
    Mohamed, M.
    Heidelberg Univ, Landessternwarte, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany..
    Mohrmann, L.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, Erlangen, Germany..
    Moulin, E.
    Univ Paris Saclay, IRFU, CEA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France..
    Murach, T.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    de Naurois, M.
    Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France..
    Niederwanger, F.
    Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria..
    Niemiec, J.
    Inst Fizyki Jadrowej PAN, Ul Radzikowskiego 152, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland..
    Oakes, L.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, Newtonstr 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    O'Brien, P.
    Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Univ Rd, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England..
    Ohm, S.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Ostrowski, M.
    Uniwersytet Jagiellonski, Obserwatorium Astron, Ul Orla 171, PL-30244 Krakow, Poland..
    Oya, I.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Panter, M.
    Max Planck Inst Kernphys, POB 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany..
    Parsons, R. D.
    Max Planck Inst Kernphys, POB 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany..
    Perennes, C.
    Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Univ, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Paris Cite,LPNHE,CNRS IN2P3, 4 Pl Jussieu, F-75252 Paris, France..
    Piel, Q.
    Univ Savoie Mont Blanc, Univ Grenoble Alpes, Lab Annecy Phys Particules, CNRS,LAPP, F-74000 Annecy, France..
    Pita, S.
    Univ Paris Diderot, APC, AstroParticule & Cosmol, CEA Irfu,CNRS IN2P3, 10 Rue Alice Domon & Leonie Duquet, F-75205 Paris 13, France..
    Poireau, V.
    Univ Savoie Mont Blanc, Univ Grenoble Alpes, Lab Annecy Phys Particules, CNRS,LAPP, F-74000 Annecy, France..
    Noel, A. Priyana
    Uniwersytet Jagiellonski, Obserwatorium Astron, Ul Orla 171, PL-30244 Krakow, Poland..
    Prokoph, H.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Puhlhofer, G.
    Univ Tubingen, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Sand 1, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany..
    Quirrenbach, A.
    Heidelberg Univ, Landessternwarte, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany..
    Raab, S.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, Erlangen, Germany..
    Rauth, R.
    Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria..
    Renaud, M.
    Univ Montpellier, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, CC 72,Pl Eugene Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France..
    Rieger, F.
    Max Planck Inst Kernphys, POB 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany.;ITA Univ Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany..
    Rinchiuso, L.
    Univ Paris Saclay, IRFU, CEA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France..
    Romoli, C.
    Max Planck Inst Kernphys, POB 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany..
    Rowell, G.
    Univ Adelaide, Sch Phys Sci, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Rudak, B.
    Polish Acad Sci, Nicolaus Copernicus Astron Ctr, Ul Bartycka 18, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland..
    Sanchez, D. A.
    Univ Savoie Mont Blanc, Univ Grenoble Alpes, Lab Annecy Phys Particules, CNRS,LAPP, F-74000 Annecy, France..
    Sasaki, M.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, Erlangen, Germany..
    Schlickeiser, R.
    Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Theoret Phys, Lehrstuhl Weltraum & Astrophys 4, D-44780 Bochum, Germany..
    Schussler, F.
    Univ Paris Saclay, IRFU, CEA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France..
    Schulz, A.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Schwanke, U.
    Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, Newtonstr 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany..
    Seglar-Arroyo, M.
    Univ Paris Saclay, IRFU, CEA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France..
    Shafi, N.
    Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Phys, 1 Jan Smuts Ave, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa..
    Simoni, R.
    Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, GRAPPA, Sci Pk 904, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands..
    Sol, H.
    Univ Paris Diderot, PSL Res Univ, CNRS, LUTH, 5 Pl Jules Janssen, F-92190 Meudon, France..
    Stegmann, C.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.;Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, Karl Liebknecht Str 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany..
    Steppa, C.
    Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, Karl Liebknecht Str 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany..
    Tavernier, T.
    Univ Paris Saclay, IRFU, CEA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France..
    Taylor, A. M.
    DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Tiziani, D.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, Erlangen, Germany..
    Trichard, C.
    Aix Marseille Univ, CPPM, CNRS IN2P3, Marseille, France..
    Tsirou, M.
    Univ Montpellier, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, CC 72,Pl Eugene Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France..
    van Eldik, C.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, Erlangen, Germany..
    van Rensburg, C.
    North West Univ, Ctr Space Res, ZA-2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa..
    van Soelen, B.
    Univ Free State, Dept Phys, POB 339, ZA-9300 Bloemfontein, South Africa..
    Veh, J.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, Erlangen, Germany..
    Vincent, P.
    Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Univ, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, Sorbonne Paris Cite,LPNHE,CNRS IN2P3, 4 Pl Jussieu, F-75252 Paris, France..
    Voisin, F.
    Univ Adelaide, Sch Phys Sci, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia..
    Wagner, S. J.
    Heidelberg Univ, Landessternwarte, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany..
    Wagner, R. M.
    Stockholm Univ, Albanova Univ Ctr, Dept Phys, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wierzcholska, A.
    Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France..
    Zanin, R.
    Max Planck Inst Kernphys, POB 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany..
    Zdziarski, A. A.
    Polish Acad Sci, Nicolaus Copernicus Astron Ctr, Ul Bartycka 18, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland..
    Zech, A.
    Univ Paris Diderot, PSL Res Univ, CNRS, LUTH, 5 Pl Jules Janssen, F-92190 Meudon, France..
    Ziegler, A.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, Erlangen, Germany..
    Zorn, J.
    Max Planck Inst Kernphys, POB 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany..
    Zywucka, N.
    Uniwersytet Jagiellonski, Obserwatorium Astron, Ul Orla 171, PL-30244 Krakow, Poland..
    Savchenko, V.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Astron, ISDC, Chemin Ecogia 16, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland..
    Ferrigno, C.
    Univ Geneva, Dept Astron, ISDC, Chemin Ecogia 16, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland..
    Bazzano, A.
    INAF, Inst Space Astrophys & Planetol, Via Fosso Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy..
    Diehl, R.
    Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Garching, Germany..
    Kuulkers, E.
    European Space Res & Technol Ctr ESA ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, NL-2201 AZ Noordwijk, Netherlands..
    Laurent, P.
    Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS IN2P3, AstroParticule & Cosmol, CEA Irfu,Observ Paris Sorbonne Paris Cite,APC, 10 Rue Alice Domont & Leonie Duquet, F-75205 Paris 13, France.;CEA Saclay, DSM Irfu Serv Astrophys, Bat 709 Orme des Merisiers, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France..
    Natalucci, L.
    INAF, Inst Space Astrophys & Planetol, Via Fosso Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy..
    Panessa, F.
    INAF, Inst Space Astrophys & Planetol, Via Fosso Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy..
    Rodi, J.
    INAF, Inst Space Astrophys & Planetol, Via Fosso Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy..
    Ubertini, P.
    INAF, Inst Space Astrophys & Planetol, Via Fosso Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy..
    Morokuma, T.
    Univ Tokyo, Inst Astron, Grad Sch Sci, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 1810015, Japan..
    Ohta, K.
    Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Astron, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068502, Japan..
    Tanaka, Y. T.
    Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan..
    Mori, H.
    Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan..
    Yamanaka, M.
    Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan..
    Kawabata, K. S.
    Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan..
    Utsumi, Y.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA..
    Nakaoka, T.
    Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan..
    Kawabata, M.
    Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan..
    Nagashima, H.
    Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan..
    Yoshida, M.
    Natl Inst Nat Sci, Subaru Telescope, Natl Astron Observ Japan, 650 N Aohoku Pl, Hilo, HI 96720 USA..
    Matsuoka, Y.
    Ehime Univ, Res Ctr Space & Cosm Evolut, Matsuyama, Ehime 7908577, Japan..
    Itoh, R.
    Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, 2-12-1 Ohokayama, Tokyo 1528551, Japan..
    Keel, W.
    Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Box 870324, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA..
    Copperwheat, C.
    Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, IC2,Liverpool Sci Pk, Liverpool L3 5RF, Merseyside, England..
    Steele, I.
    Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, IC2,Liverpool Sci Pk, Liverpool L3 5RF, Merseyside, England..
    Cenko, S. B.
    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Sci Div, Mail Code 661, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.;Univ Maryland, Joint Space Sci Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Evans, P. A.
    Univ Leicester, Xray & Observat Astron Res Grp, Leicester Inst Space & Earth Observat, Dept Phys & Astron, Univ Rd, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England..
    Fox, D. B.
    Penn State Univ, Ctr Particle & Gravitat Astrophys, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.;Penn State Univ, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, Ctr Theoret & Observat Cosmol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Kennea, J. A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Marshall, F. E.
    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Mail Code 660-1, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA..
    Osborne, J. P.
    Univ Leicester, Xray & Observat Astron Res Grp, Leicester Inst Space & Earth Observat, Dept Phys & Astron, Univ Rd, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England..
    Tohuvavohu, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Archer, A.
    Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA..
    Benbow, W.
    Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA..
    Bird, R.
    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA..
    Brill, A.
    Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA..
    Brose, R.
    Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany.;DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Buchovecky, M.
    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA..
    Buckley, J. H.
    Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA..
    Bugaev, V.
    Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA..
    Christiansen, J. L.
    Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Phys, San Luis Obispo, CA 94307 USA..
    Connolly, M. P.
    Natl Univ Ireland Galway, Sch Phys, Univ Rd, Galway, Ireland..
    Cui, W.
    Purdue Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.;Tsinghua Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.;Tsinghua Univ, Ctr Astrophys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China..
    Daniel, M. K.
    Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA..
    Errando, M.
    Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA..
    Falcone, A.
    Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA..
    Feng, Q.
    McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada..
    Finley, J. P.
    Purdue Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA..
    Fortson, L.
    Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA..
    Furniss, A.
    Calif State Univ East Bay, Dept Phys, Hayward, CA 94542 USA..
    Gueta, O.
    DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Hutten, M.
    DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Hervet, O.
    Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.;Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA..
    Hughes, G.
    Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA..
    Humensky, T. B.
    Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA..
    Johnson, C. A.
    Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.;Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA..
    Kaaret, P.
    Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Van Allen Hall, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA..
    Kar, P.
    Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA..
    Kelley-Hoskins, N.
    DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Kertzman, M.
    Depauw Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Greencastle, IN 46135 USA..
    Kieda, D.
    Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA..
    Krause, M.
    DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Krennrich, F.
    Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA..
    Kumar, S.
    Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA..
    Lang, M. J.
    Natl Univ Ireland Galway, Sch Phys, Univ Rd, Galway, Ireland..
    Lin, T. T. Y.
    McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada..
    Maier, G.
    DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    McArthur, S.
    Purdue Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA..
    Moriarty, P.
    Natl Univ Ireland Galway, Sch Phys, Univ Rd, Galway, Ireland..
    Mukherjee, R.
    Columbia Univ, Barnard Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA..
    Nieto, D.
    Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA..
    O'Brien, S.
    Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Dublin 4, Ireland..
    Ong, R. A.
    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA..
    Otte, A. N.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, 837 State St NW, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, 837 State St NW, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Park, N.
    Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA..
    Petrashyk, A.
    Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA..
    Pohl, M.
    Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany.;DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Popkow, A.
    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA..
    Pueschel, E.
    DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Quinn, J.
    Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Dublin 4, Ireland..
    Ragan, K.
    McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada..
    Reynolds, P. T.
    Cork Inst Technol, Dept Phys Sci, Cork, Ireland..
    Richards, G. T.
    Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, 837 State St NW, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.;Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, 837 State St NW, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA..
    Roache, E.
    Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA..
    Rulten, C.
    Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA..
    Sadeh, I.
    DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Scott, S. S.
    Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.;Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA..
    Sembroski, G. H.
    Purdue Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA..
    Shahinyan, K.
    Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA..
    Sushch, I.
    DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Trepanier, S.
    McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada..
    Tyler, J.
    McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada..
    Vassiliev, V. V.
    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA..
    Wakely, S. P.
    Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA..
    Weinstein, A.
    Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA..
    Wells, R. M.
    Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA..
    Wilcox, P.
    Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Van Allen Hall, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA..
    Wilhelm, A.
    Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany.;DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Williams, D. A.
    Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.;Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA..
    Zitzer, B.
    McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada..
    Tetarenko, A. J.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, CCIS 4-181, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Kimball, A. E.
    Natl Radio Astron Observ, 1003 Lopezville Rd, Socorro, NM 87801 USA..
    Miller-Jones, J. C. A.
    Curtin Univ, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia..
    Sivakoff, G. R.
    Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, CCIS 4-181, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada..
    Multimessenger observations of a flaring blazar coincident with high-energy neutrino IceCube-170922A2018In: Science, ISSN 0036-8075, E-ISSN 1095-9203, Vol. 361, no 6398, article id eaat1378Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 3. Abate, M.
    et al.
    De Jong, Gerard
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Centres, Centre for Transport Studies, CTS.
    The optimal shipment size and truck size choice - The allocation of trucks across hauls2014In: Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, ISSN 0965-8564, E-ISSN 1879-2375, Vol. 59, p. 262-277Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    There has been a growing interest in understanding how firms allocate their trucks across hauls, and how this allocation changes under various economic environments. This study investigates how variations in route/haul, carrier and vehicle characteristics affect the optimal vehicle size choice and the associated choice of shipment size. We show that the two choices are derived from the same optimization problem. There can be a continuum of shipment sizes, but decision-makers in freight transport have to choose from a limited number of vehicle alternatives. Therefore, we use a discrete-continuous econometric model where shipment size is modeled as a continuous variable, and vehicle size/type choice as a discrete variable. The results indicate that when faced with higher demand, and during longer trips firms are more likely to use heavier vehicles and ship in larger quantities which suggest that firms are realizing economies of scale and economies of distance. The study also discusses the effect of vehicle operating cost on the vehicle selection process and its policy implications.

  • 4.
    Abazov, V. M.
    et al.
    Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia..
    Åsman, Björn
    KTH.
    Bandurin, D. V.
    Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA..
    Belanger-Champagne, C.
    Lund Univ, Lund, Sweden.;Royal Inst Technol, Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Uppsala Univ, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Clement, C.
    Lund Univ, Lund, Sweden.;Royal Inst Technol, Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Uppsala Univ, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Gollub, Nils
    KTH.
    Hansson, P.
    KTH.
    Strandberg, S
    KTH.
    Measurement of the isolated photon cross section in p(p)over-bar collisions at root s = 1.96 TeV (vol 639, pg 151, 2006)2008In: Physics Letters B, ISSN 0370-2693, E-ISSN 1873-2445, Vol. 658, no 5, p. 285-289Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 5.
    Abbas, Ghazanfar
    et al.
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Energy Technology. COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Pakistan.
    Raza, Rizwan
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Energy Technology. COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Pakistan.
    Ahmad, M. Ashfaq
    Khan, M. Ajmal
    Hussain, M. Jafar
    Ahmad, Mukhtar
    Aziz, Hammad
    Ahmad, Imran
    Batool, Rida
    Altaf, Faizah
    Zhu, Bin
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Energy Technology.
    Electrochemical investigation of mixed metal oxide nanocomposite electrode for low temperature solid oxide fuel cell2017In: International Journal of Modern Physics B, ISSN 0217-9792, Vol. 31, no 27, article id 1750193Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Zinc-based nanostructured nickel (Ni) free metal oxide electrode material Zn-0.60/CU0.20Mn0.20 oxide (CMZO) was synthesized by solid state reaction and investigated for low temperature solid oxide fuel cell (LTSOFC) applications. The crystal structure and surface morphology of the synthesized electrode material were examined by XRD and SEM techniques respectively. The particle size of ZnO phase estimated by Scherer's equation was 31.50 nm. The maximum electrical conductivity was found to be 12.567 S/cm and 5.846 S/cm in hydrogen and air atmosphere, respectively at 600 degrees C. The activation energy of the CMZO material was also calculated from the DC conductivity data using Arrhenius plots and it was found to be 0.060 and 0.075 eV in hydrogen and air atmosphere, respectively. The CMZO electrode-based fuel cell was tested using carbonated samarium doped ceria composite (NSDC) electrolyte. The three layers 13 mm in diameter and 1 mm thickness of the symmetric fuel cell were fabricated by dry pressing. The maximum power density of 728.86 mW/cm(2) was measured at 550 degrees C.

  • 6.
    Abbas, Ghazanfar
    et al.
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Energy Technology.
    Raza, Rizwan
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Energy Technology.
    Ashfaq, M.
    Chaudhry, M. Ashraf
    Khan, Ajmal
    Ahmad, Imran
    Zhu, Bin
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Energy Technology.
    Electrochemical study of nanostructured electrode for low-temperature solid oxide fuel cell (LTSOFC)2014In: International Journal of Energy Research, ISSN 0363-907X, E-ISSN 1099-114X, Vol. 38, no 4, p. 518-523Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Zn-based nanostructured Ba0.05Cu0.25Fe0.10Zn0.60O (BCFZ) oxide electrode material was synthesized by solid-state reaction for low-temperature solid oxide fuel cell. The cell was fabricated by sandwiching NK-CDC electrolyte between BCFZ electrodes by dry press technique, and its performance was assessed. The maximum power density of 741.87 mW-cm(-2) was achieved at 550 degrees C. The crystal structure and morphology were characterized by X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and SEM. The particle size was calculated to be 25 nm applying Scherer's formula from XRD data. Electronic conductivities were measured with the four-probe DC method under hydrogen and air atmosphere. AC Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy of the BCFZ oxide electrode was also measured in hydrogen atmosphere at 450 degrees C.

  • 7. Abbott, BP
    et al.
    Axelsson, Magnus
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Particle and Astroparticle Physics.
    Larsson, Stefan
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Particle and Astroparticle Physics.
    Li, Liang
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics.
    Zweizig, John G.
    et al.,
    LOCALIZATION AND BROADBAND FOLLOW-UP OF THE GRAVITATIONAL-WAVE TRANSIENT GW 1509142016In: Astrophysical Journal Letters, ISSN 2041-8205, E-ISSN 2041-8213, Vol. 826, no 1, article id L13Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A gravitational-wave (GW) transient was identified in data recorded by the Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO) detectors on 2015 September 14. The event, initially designated G184098 and later given the name GW150914, is described in detail elsewhere. By prior arrangement, preliminary estimates of the time, significance, and sky location of the event were shared with 63 teams of observers covering radio, optical, near-infrared, X-ray, and gamma-ray wavelengths with ground- and space-based facilities. In this Letter we describe the low-latency analysis of the GW data and present the sky localization of the first observed compact binary merger. We summarize the follow-up observations reported by 25 teams via private Gamma-ray Coordinates Network circulars, giving an overview of the participating facilities, the GW sky localization coverage, the timeline, and depth of the observations. As this event turned out to be a binary black hole merger, there is little expectation of a detectable electromagnetic (EM) signature. Nevertheless, this first broadband campaign to search for a counterpart of an Advanced LIGO source represents a milestone and highlights the broad capabilities of the transient astronomy community and the observing strategies that have been developed to pursue neutron star binary merger events. Detailed investigations of the EM data and results of the EM follow-up campaign are being disseminated in papers by the individual teams.

  • 8. Abbott, BP
    et al.
    Axelsson, Magnus
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Particle and Astroparticle Physics.
    Larsson, Stefan
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics.
    Li, Liang
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics.
    Zweizig, John G.
    et al.,
    Supplement: "Localization And Broadband Follow-Up Of The Gravitational-Wave Transient Gw150914" (2016, Apjl, 826, L13)2016In: Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, ISSN 0067-0049, E-ISSN 1538-4365, Vol. 225, no 1, p. 8-, article id 8Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This Supplement provides supporting material for Abbott et al. (2016a). We briefly summarize pastelectromagnetic (EM) follow-up efforts as well as the organization and policy of the current EM follow-upprogram. We compare the four probability sky maps produced for the gravitational-wave transient GW150914, andprovide additional details of the EM follow-up observations that were performed in the different bands

  • 9.
    Abdollahi, S.
    et al.
    Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan..
    Ajello, M.
    Clemson Univ, Kinard Lab Phys, Dept Phys & Astron, Clemson, SC 29634 USA..
    Helgason, Kári
    KTH. Max Planck Inst Astrophys, Postfach 1317, D-85741 Garching, Germany.;Stockholm Univ, Roslagstullsbacken 23, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Jóhannesson, Gudlaugur
    KTH, Centres, Nordic Institute for Theoretical Physics NORDITA. Univ Iceland, Sci Inst, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland.;Stockholm Univ, Roslagstullsbacken 23, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Larsson, Stefan
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics. AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    et al.,
    A gamma-ray determination of the Universe's star formation history2018In: Science, ISSN 0036-8075, E-ISSN 1095-9203, Vol. 362, no 6418, p. 1031-+Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The light emitted by all galaxies over the history of the Universe produces the extragalactic background light (EBL) at ultraviolet, optical, and infrared wavelengths. The EBL is a source of opacity for gamma rays via photon-photon interactions, leaving an imprint in the spectra of distant gamma-ray sources. We measured this attenuation using 739 active galaxies and one gamma-ray burst detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope. This allowed us to reconstruct the evolution of the EBL and determine the star formation history of the Universe over 90% of cosmic time. Our star formation history is consistent with independent measurements from galaxy surveys, peaking at redshift z similar to 2. Upper limits of the EBL at the epoch of reionization suggest a turnover in the abundance of faint galaxies at z similar to 6.

  • 10.
    Abdullah Asif, Farazee Mohammad
    et al.
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Production Engineering.
    Semere, Daniel Tesfamariam
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Production Engineering.
    Nicolescu, Cornel Mihai
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Production Engineering.
    Haumann, Michail
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Production Engineering.
    METHODS ANALYSIS OF REMANUFACTURING OPTIONS FOR REPEATED LIFECYCLE OF STARTERS AND ALTERNATORS2010In: 7th International DAAAM Baltic Conference"INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING"22-24 April 2010, Tallinn, Estonia / [ed] R. Kyttner, Estonia: Tallinn University of Technology , 2010, p. 340-345Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The Design for Repeatedly Utilization (DFRU) is a proposed conceptto be used in the product realizationprocess to ensure optimum useable life (forinstance in terms of economy, resourceusage, environmental impact etc.) ofproducts or parts of products enablingmultiple lifecycle. In the DFRU approachproducts are restored as new like productsthrough remanufacturing processes. Theterm remanufacturing has been interpreteddifferently by different researchers and theindustries that are involved inremanufacturing business use differentapproaches to remanufacture theirproducts. In this paper the starter motorand alternator of automotives has beenused to demonstrate the novel concepts.The purpose of this paper is to expresswhat remanufacturing means in ourconcept, model their major lifecycleaspects and create a simulation modelfrom it. This is a preliminary work towardsdefining and specifying the processes,methods and design properties in DFRU.The work will be further extended to aholistic business model which can facilitateDFRU approach in an efficient way. Infuture the model will be developed andadopted to create new models for otherproducts appropriate for remanufacturingand eventually DFRU.

  • 11. Abramowski, A.
    et al.
    Acero, F.
    Aharonian, F.
    Akhperjanian, A. G.
    Anton, G.
    Balzer, A.
    Barnacka, A.
    de Almeida, U. Barres
    Becherini, Y.
    Becker, J.
    Behera, B.
    Bernloehr, K.
    Birsin, E.
    Biteau, J.
    Bochow, A.
    Boisson, C.
    Bolmont, J.
    Bordas, P.
    Brucker, J.
    Brun, F.
    Brun, P.
    Bulik, T.
    Bueching, I.
    Carrigan, S.
    Casanova, S.
    Cerruti, M.
    Chadwick, P. M.
    Charbonnier, A.
    Chaves, R. C. G.
    Cheesebrough, A.
    Clapson, A. C.
    Coignet, G.
    Cologna, G.
    Conrad, Jan
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics.
    Dalton, M.
    Daniel, M. K.
    Davids, I. D.
    Degrange, B.
    Deil, C.
    Dickinson, Hugh J.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics.
    Djannati-Atai, A.
    Domainko, W.
    Drury, L. O 'C.
    Dubus, G.
    Dutson, K.
    Dyks, J.
    Dyrda, M.
    Egberts, K.
    Eger, P.
    Espigat, P.
    Fallon, L.
    Farnier, C.
    Fegan, S.
    Feinstein, F.
    Fernandes, M. V.
    Fiasson, A.
    Fontaine, G.
    Foerster, A.
    Fuessling, M.
    Gallant, Y. A.
    Gast, H.
    Gerard, L.
    Gerbig, D.
    Giebels, B.
    Glicenstein, J. F.
    Glueck, B.
    Goret, P.
    Goering, D.
    Haeffner, S.
    Hague, J. D.
    Hampf, D.
    Hauser, M.
    Heinz, S.
    Heinzelmann, G.
    Henri, G.
    Hermann, G.
    Hinton, J. A.
    Hoffmann, A.
    Hofmann, W.
    Hofverberg, P.
    Holler, M.
    Horns, D.
    Jacholkowska, A.
    de Jager, O. C.
    Jahn, C.
    Jamrozy, M.
    Jung, I.
    Kastendieck, M. A.
    Katarzynski, K.
    Katz, U.
    Kaufmann, S.
    Keogh, D.
    Khangulyan, D.
    Khelifi, B.
    Klochkov, D.
    Kluzniak, W.
    Kneiske, T.
    Komin, Nu
    Kosack, K.
    Kossakowski, R.
    Laffon, H.
    Lamanna, G.
    Lennarz, D.
    Lohse, T.
    Lopatin, A.
    Lu, C. -C
    Marandon, V.
    Marcowith, A.
    Masbou, J.
    Maurin, D.
    Maxted, N.
    Mayer, M.
    McComb, T. J. L.
    Medina, M. C.
    Mehault, J.
    Moderski, R.
    Moulin, E.
    Naumann, C. L.
    Naumann-Godo, M.
    de Naurois, M.
    Nedbal, D.
    Nekrassov, D.
    Nguyen, N.
    Nicholas, B.
    Niemiec, J.
    Nolan, S. J.
    Ohm, S.
    Wilhelmi, E. de Ona
    Opitz, B.
    Ostrowski, M.
    Oya, I.
    Panter, M.
    Arribas, M. Paz
    Pedaletti, G.
    Pelletier, G.
    Petrucci, P. -O
    Pita, S.
    Puehlhofer, G.
    Punch, M.
    Quirrenbach, A.
    Raue, M.
    Rayner, S. M.
    Reimer, A.
    Reimer, O.
    Renaud, M.
    de los Reyes, R.
    Rieger, F.
    Ripken, Joachim
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics.
    Rob, L.
    Rosier-Lees, S.
    Rowell, G.
    Rudak, B.
    Rulten, C. B.
    Ruppel, J.
    Sahakian, V.
    Sanchez, D. A.
    Santangelo, A.
    Schlickeiser, R.
    Schoeck, F. M.
    Schulz, A.
    Schwanke, U.
    Schwarzburg, S.
    Schwemmer, S.
    Sheidaei, F.
    Skilton, J. L.
    Sol, H.
    Spengler, G.
    Stawarz, L.
    Steenkamp, R.
    Stegmann, C.
    Stinzing, F.
    Stycz, K.
    Sushch, I.
    Szostek, A.
    Tavernet, J. -P
    Terrier, R.
    Tluczykont, M.
    Valerius, K.
    van Eldik, C.
    Vasileiadis, G.
    Venter, C.
    Vialle, J. P.
    Viana, A.
    Vincent, P.
    Voelk, H. J.
    Volpe, F.
    Vorobiov, S.
    Vorster, M.
    Wagner, S. J.
    Ward, M.
    White, R.
    Wierzcholska, A.
    Zacharias, M.
    Zajczyk, A.
    Zdziarski, A. A.
    Zech, A.
    Zechlin, H. -S
    Search for dark matter annihilation signals from the Fornax galaxy cluster with H.E.S.S.2012In: Astrophysical Journal, ISSN 0004-637X, E-ISSN 1538-4357, Vol. 750, no 2, p. 123-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The Fornax galaxy cluster was observed with the High Energy Stereoscopic System for a total live time of 14.5 hr, searching for very high energy (VHE; E > 100GeV) gamma-rays from dark matter (DM) annihilation. No significant signal was found in searches for point-like and extended emissions. Using several models of the DM density distribution, upper limits on the DM velocity-weighted annihilation cross-section <sigma upsilon > as a function of the DM particle mass are derived. Constraints are derived for different DM particle models, such as those arising from Kaluza-Klein and supersymmetric models. Various annihilation final states are considered. Possible enhancements of the DM annihilation gamma-ray flux, due to DM substructures of the DM host halo, or from the Sommerfeld effect, are studied. Additional gamma-ray contributions from internal bremsstrahlung and inverse Compton radiation are also discussed. For a DM particle mass of 1 TeV, the exclusion limits at 95% of confidence level reach values of <sigma upsilon >(95% C.L.) similar to 10(-23) cm(3) s(-1), depending on the DM particle model and halo properties. Additional contribution from DM substructures can improve the upper limits on <sigma upsilon > by more than two orders of magnitude. At masses around 4.5 TeV, the enhancement by substructures and the Sommerfeld resonance effect results in a velocity-weighted annihilation cross-section upper limit at the level of <sigma upsilon >(95% C.L.) similar to 10(-26) cm(3) s(-1).

  • 12.
    Abtahi, Farhad
    et al.
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Medical Engineering, Medical sensors, signals and systems.
    Lu, Ke
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Medical Engineering, Medical sensors, signals and systems.
    Dizon, M
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Medical Engineering, Medical sensors, signals and systems.
    Johansson, M
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Medical Engineering, Medical sensors, signals and systems.
    Seoane, Fernando
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Medical Engineering, Medical sensors, signals and systems. Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för vård, arbetsliv och välfärd.
    Lindecrantz, Kaj
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Medical Engineering, Medical sensors, signals and systems.
    Evaluation of Atrial Fibrillation Detection by using Heart Rate Variability analysis2015Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 13.
    Ackermann, M.
    et al.
    Deutsches Elekt Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Ajello, M.
    Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Kinard Lab Phys, Clemson, SC 29634 USA..
    Baldini, L.
    Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy..
    Ballet, J.
    CEA Saclay, Serv Astrophys, Univ Paris Diderot, Lab AIM,CEA IRFU,CNRS, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France..
    Barbiellini, G.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.;Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy..
    Bastieri, D.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy.;Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy..
    Bellazzini, R.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy..
    Bissaldi, E.
    M Merlin Univ, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy..
    Blandford, R. D.
    Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Bonino, R.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy.;Univ Torino, Dipartimento Fis, I-10125 Turin, Italy..
    Bottacini, E.
    Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Univ Padua, Dept Phys & Astron, Vicolo Osservatorio 3, I-35122 Padua, Italy..
    Bregeon, J.
    Univ Montpellier, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, CNRS IN2P3, F-34095 Montpellier, France..
    Bruel, P.
    Ecole Polytech, CNRS IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 F- Palaiseau, France..
    Buehler, R.
    Deutsches Elekt Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Burns, E.
    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA..
    Buson, S.
    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA..
    Cameron, R. A.
    Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Caputo, R.
    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.;CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA..
    Caraveo, P. A.
    INAF, Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm Milano, Via E Bassini 15, I-20133 Milan, Italy..
    Cavazzuti, E.
    Italian Space Agcy, Via Politecn Snc, I-00133 Rome, Italy..
    Chen, S.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy.;Univ Padua, Dept Phys & Astron, Vicolo Osservatorio 3, I-35122 Padua, Italy..
    Chiaro, G.
    INAF, Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm Milano, Via E Bassini 15, I-20133 Milan, Italy..
    Ciprini, S.
    Space Sci Data Ctr Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Via Politecn,Snc, I-00133 Rome, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy..
    Costantin, D.
    Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy..
    Cuoco, A.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy.;Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Theoret Particle Phys & Cosmol, TTK, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
    Cutini, S.
    Space Sci Data Ctr Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Via Politecn,Snc, I-00133 Rome, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy..
    D'Ammando, F.
    INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.;Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy..
    Luque, P. de la Torre
    M Merlin Univ, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy..
    de Palma, F.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy..
    Desai, A.
    Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Kinard Lab Phys, Clemson, SC 29634 USA..
    Digel, S. W.
    Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Di Lalla, N.
    Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy..
    Di Mauro, M.
    Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Di Venere, L.
    M Merlin Univ, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy..
    Dirirsa, F. Fana
    Univ Johannesburg, Dept Phys, POB 524, ZA-2006 Auckland Pk, South Africa..
    Favuzzi, C.
    M Merlin Univ, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy..
    Franckowiak, A.
    Deutsches Elekt Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Fukazawa, Y.
    Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan..
    Funk, S.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Fusco, P.
    M Merlin Univ, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy..
    Gargano, F.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy..
    Gasparrini, D.
    Space Sci Data Ctr Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Via Politecn,Snc, I-00133 Rome, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy..
    Giglietto, N.
    M Merlin Univ, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy..
    Giordano, F.
    M Merlin Univ, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy..
    Giroletti, M.
    INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy..
    Green, D.
    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.;Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Grenier, I. A.
    CEA Saclay, Serv Astrophys, Univ Paris Diderot, Lab AIM,CEA IRFU,CNRS, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France..
    Guillemot, L.
    Univ Orleans, Lab Phys & Chim Environm & Espace, CNRS, F-45071 Orleans, France.;CNRS, INSU, Observ Paris, Stat Radioastron Nancay, F-18330 Nancay, France..
    Guiriec, S.
    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.;George Washington Univ, Dept Phys, 725 21st St,NW, Washington, DC 20052 USA..
    Horan, D.
    Ecole Polytech, CNRS IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 F- Palaiseau, France..
    Jóhannesson, Gudlaugur
    KTH, Centres, Nordic Institute for Theoretical Physics NORDITA. Univ Iceland, Sci Inst, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland.Stockholm Univ, Roslagstullsbacken 23, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Kuss, M.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy..
    Larsson, S.
    AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Latronico, L.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy..
    Li, J.
    Deutsches Elekt Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Liodakis, I.
    Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Longo, F.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.;Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy..
    Loparco, F.
    M Merlin Univ, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy..
    Lubrano, P.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy..
    Magill, J. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Maldera, S.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy..
    Malyshev, D.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Manfreda, A.
    Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy..
    Mazziotta, M. N.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy..
    Mereu, I.
    Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy..
    Michelson, P. F.
    Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Mitthumsiri, W.
    Mahidol Univ, Dept Phys, Fac Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand..
    Mizuno, T.
    Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan..
    Monzani, M. E.
    Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Morselli, A.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy..
    Moskalenko, I. V.
    Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Negro, M.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy.;Univ Torino, Dipartimento Fis, I-10125 Turin, Italy..
    Nuss, E.
    Univ Montpellier, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, CNRS IN2P3, F-34095 Montpellier, France..
    Orienti, M.
    INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy..
    Orlando, E.
    Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Palatiello, M.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.;Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy..
    Paliya, V. S.
    Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Kinard Lab Phys, Clemson, SC 29634 USA..
    Paneque, D.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    Persic, M.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.;Ist Nazl Astrofis, Osservatorio Astronom Trieste, I-34143 Trieste, Italy..
    Pesce-Rollins, M.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy..
    Petrosian, V.
    Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Piron, F.
    Univ Montpellier, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, CNRS IN2P3, F-34095 Montpellier, France..
    Porter, T. A.
    Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Principe, G.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Raino, S.
    M Merlin Univ, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy..
    Rando, R.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy.;Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy..
    Razzano, M.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy..
    Razzaque, S.
    Univ Johannesburg, Dept Phys, POB 524, ZA-2006 Auckland Pk, South Africa..
    Reimer, A.
    Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.;Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria..
    Reimer, O.
    Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.;Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria..
    Serini, D.
    M Merlin Univ, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy..
    Sgro, C.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy..
    Siskind, E. J.
    NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA..
    Spandre, G.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy..
    Spinelli, P.
    M Merlin Univ, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy..
    Suson, D. J.
    Purdue Univ Northwest, Hammond, IN 46323 USA..
    Tajima, H.
    Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan..
    Takahashi, M.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    Thayer, J. B.
    Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Tibaldo, L.
    Univ Toulouse, IRAP, CNRS, UPS,CNES, F-31028 Toulouse, France..
    Torres, D. F.
    Inst Space Sci CSICIEEC, Campus UAB,Carrer Magrans S-N, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain.;ICREA, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain..
    Troja, E.
    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.;Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Venters, T. M.
    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA..
    Vianello, G.
    Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Wood, K.
    Praxis Inc, Alexandria, VA 22303 USA.;Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA..
    Yassine, M.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.;Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy..
    Zaharijas, G.
    Univ Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.;Univ Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.;Univ Nova Gorica, Ctr Astrophys & Cosmol, Nova Gorica 5000, Slovenia..
    Ammazzalorso, S.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy.;Univ Torino, Dipartimento Fis, I-10125 Turin, Italy..
    Fornengo, N.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy.;Univ Torino, Dipartimento Fis, I-10125 Turin, Italy..
    Regis, M.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy.;Univ Torino, Dipartimento Fis, I-10125 Turin, Italy..
    Unresolved Gamma-Ray Sky through its Angular Power Spectrum2018In: Physical Review Letters, ISSN 0031-9007, E-ISSN 1079-7114, Vol. 121, no 24, article id 241101Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The gamma-ray sky has been observed with unprecedented accuracy in the last decade by the Fermi-large area telescope (LAT), allowing us to resolve and understand the high-energy Universe. The nature of the remaining unresolved emission [unresolved gamma-ray background (UGRB)] below the LAT source detection threshold can be uncovered by characterizing the amplitude and angular scale of the UGRB fluctuation field. This Letter presents a measurement of the UGRB autocorrelation angular power spectrum based on eight years of Fermi-LAT Pass 8 data products. The analysis is designed to be robust against contamination from resolved sources and noise systematics. The sensitivity to subthreshold sources is greatly enhanced with respect to previous measurements. We find evidence (with similar to 3.7 sigma significance) that the scenario in which two classes of sources contribute to the UGRB signal is favored over a single class. A double power law with exponential cutoff can explain the anisotropy energy spectrum well, with photon indices of the two populations being 2.55 +/- 0.23 and 1.86 +/- 0.15.

  • 14.
    Ackermann, M.
    et al.
    Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Atwood, W. B.
    Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.;Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA..
    Baldini, L.
    Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy..
    Ballet, J.
    Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, CEA IRFU, CNRS,Lab AIM,Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France..
    Barbiellini, G.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.;Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy..
    Bastieri, D.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy.;Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy..
    Bellazzini, R.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy..
    Berenji, B.
    Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA..
    Bissaldi, E.
    Univ & Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy..
    Blandford, R. D.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Bloom, E. D.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Bonino, R.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy.;Univ Torino, Dipartimento Fis, I-10125 Turin, Italy..
    Bottacini, E.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Bregeon, J.
    Univ Montpellier, CNRS IN2P3, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, F-34095 Montpellier, France..
    Bruel, P.
    Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France..
    Buehler, R.
    Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany..
    Cameron, R. A.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Caputo, R.
    CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.;NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA..
    Caraveo, P. A.
    INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm Milano, Via E Bassini 15, I-20133 Milan, Italy..
    Cavazzuti, E.
    Italian Space Agcy, Via Politecn Snc, I-00133 Rome, Italy..
    Charles, E.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Chekhtman, A.
    George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.;US Navy, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA..
    Cheung, C. C.
    US Navy, Res Lab, Space Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA..
    Chiaro, G.
    INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm Milano, Via E Bassini 15, I-20133 Milan, Italy..
    Ciprini, S.
    Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Space Sci Data CenteR, Via Politecn, I-00133 Rome, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy..
    Cohen-Tanugi, J.
    Conrad, J.
    Stockholm Univ, AlbaNova, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Costantin, D.
    Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy..
    D'Ammando, F.
    INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.;Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy..
    de Palma, F.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Univ Telemat Pegaso, Piazza Trieste & Trento 48, I-80132 Naples, Italy..
    Digel, S. W.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Di Lalla, N.
    Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy..
    Di Mauro, M.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Di Venere, L.
    Univ & Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy..
    Favuzzi, C.
    Univ & Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy..
    Fegan, S. J.
    Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France..
    Focke, W. B.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Franckowiak, A.
    Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.;Univ & Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy..
    Fukazawa, Y.
    Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan..
    Funk, S.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Fusco, P.
    Univ & Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy..
    Gargano, F.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy..
    Gasparrini, D.
    Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Space Sci Data CenteR, Via Politecn, I-00133 Rome, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy..
    Giglietto, N.
    Univ & Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy..
    Giordano, F.
    Univ & Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy..
    Giroletti, M.
    INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy..
    Green, D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.;Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.;NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA..
    Grenier, I. A.
    Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, CEA IRFU, CNRS,Lab AIM,Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France..
    Guillemot, L.
    Univ Orleans, CNRS, Lab Phys & Chim Environnement & Espace, F-45071 Orleans 02, France.;INSU, Observ Paris, CNRS, Stn Radioastron Nancay, F-18330 Nancay, France..
    Guiriec, S.
    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.;George Washington Univ, Dept Phys, 725 21st St, Washington, DC 20052 USA..
    Horan, D.
    Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France..
    Johannesson, G.
    Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, IS 107, Reykjavik, Iceland.;NORDITA, Roslagstullsbacken 23, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Johnson, C.
    Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.;Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.;NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA.;Purdue Univ Northwest, Hammond, IN 46323 USA..
    Kensei, S.
    Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan..
    Kocevski, D.
    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA..
    Kuss, M.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy..
    Larsson, S.
    AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Latronico, L.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy..
    Li, J.
    Inst Space Sci CSICIEEC, Campus UAB,Carrer Magrans S-N, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain..
    Longo, F.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.;Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy..
    Loparco, F.
    Univ & Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy..
    Lovellette, M. N.
    US Navy, Res Lab, Space Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA..
    Lubrano, P.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy..
    Magill, J. D.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.;Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA..
    Maldera, S.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy..
    Malyshev, D.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Manfreda, A.
    Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy..
    Mazziotta, M. N.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy..
    McEnery, J. E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.;Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.;NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA..
    Meyer, M.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Michelson, P. F.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Mitthumsiri, W.
    Mahidol Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Bangkok 10400, Thailand..
    Mizuno, T.
    Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan..
    Monzani, M. E.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Moretti, E.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    Morselli, A.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy..
    Moskalenko, I. V.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Negro, M.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy.;Univ Torino, Dipartimento Fis, I-10125 Turin, Italy..
    Nuss, E.
    Univ Montpellier, CNRS IN2P3, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, F-34095 Montpellier, France..
    Ojha, R.
    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA..
    Omodei, N.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Orienti, M.
    INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy..
    Orlando, E.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Ormes, J. F.
    Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA..
    Palatiello, M.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.;Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy..
    Paliya, V. S.
    Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Kinard Lab Phys, Clemson, SC 29634 USA..
    Paneque, D.
    Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany..
    Persic, M.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.;Osserv Astron Trieste, Ist Nazl Astrofis, I-34143 Trieste, Italy..
    Pesce-Rollins, M.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy..
    Piron, F.
    Univ Montpellier, CNRS IN2P3, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, F-34095 Montpellier, France..
    Principe, G.
    Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany..
    Raino, S.
    Univ & Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy..
    Rando, R.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy.;Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy..
    Razzano, M.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy..
    Razzaque, S.
    Univ Johannesburg, Dept Phys, POB 524, ZA-2006 Auckland Pk, South Africa..
    Reimer, A.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.;Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria..
    Reimer, O.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.;Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria..
    Ritz, S.
    Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.;Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA..
    Sanchez-Conde, M.
    Univ Autonoma Madrid, Inst Fis Teor, CSIC, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.;Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor, E-28049 Madrid, Spain..
    Sgro, C.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy..
    Siskind, E. J.
    NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA..
    Spada, F.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy..
    Spandre, G.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy..
    Spinelli, P.
    Univ & Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy.;Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy..
    Suson, D. J.
    Purdue Univ Northwest, Hammond, IN 46323 USA..
    Tajima, H.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan..
    Thayer, J. G.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Thayer, J. B.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Torres, D. F.
    Inst Space Sci CSICIEEC, Campus UAB,Carrer Magrans S-N, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain.;ICREA, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain..
    Tosti, G.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy.;Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy..
    Troja, E.
    Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.;Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.;NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.;NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA..
    Valverde, J.
    Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France..
    Vianello, G.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Wood, K.
    Praxis Inc, Alexandria, VA 22303 USA.;US Navy, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA..
    Wood, M.
    Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.;Stanford Univ, Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA..
    Zaharijas, G.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.;Univ Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.;Univ Nova Gorica, Ctr Astrophys & Cosmol, Nova Gorica, Slovenia..
    Search for Gamma-Ray Emission from Local Primordial Black Holes with the Fermi Large Area Telescope2018In: Astrophysical Journal, ISSN 0004-637X, E-ISSN 1538-4357, Vol. 857, no 1, article id 49Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Black holes with masses below approximately 10(15) g are expected to emit gamma-rays with energies above a few tens of MeV, which can be detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT). Although black holes with these masses cannot be formed as a result of stellar evolution, they may have formed in the early universe and are therefore called primordial black holes (PBHs). Previous searches for PBHs have focused on either short-timescale bursts or the contribution of PBHs to the isotropic gamma-ray emission. We show that, in cases of individual PBHs, the Fermi-LAT is most sensitive to PBHs with temperatures above approximately 16 GeV and masses 6 x 10(11) g, which it can detect out to a distance of about 0.03 pc. These PBHs have a remaining lifetime of months to years at the start of the Fermi mission. They would appear as potentially moving point sources with gamma-ray emission that become spectrally harder and brighter with time until the PBH completely evaporates. In this paper, we develop a new algorithm to detect the proper motion of gamma-ray point sources, and apply it to 318 unassociated point sources at a high galactic latitude in the third Fermi-LAT source catalog. None of the unassociated point sources with spectra consistent with PBH evaporation show significant proper motion. Using the nondetection of PBH candidates, we derive a 99% confidence limit on the PBH evaporation rate in the vicinity of Earth, <(rho)over dot>(PBH) < 7.2 x 10(3) pc(-3) yr(-1). This limit is similar to the limits obtained with ground-based gamma-ray observatories.

  • 15.
    Agarwal, Girish Kumar
    et al.
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Machine Design (Dept.).
    Simonsson, Johan
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Machine Design (Dept.), Integrated Product Development.
    Magnusson, Mats
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Machine Design (Dept.), Integrated Product Development.
    Hald, Kim Sundtoft
    Johanson, Anders
    KTH.
    Value-capture in digital servitization2022In: Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, ISSN 1741-038X, E-ISSN 1758-7786, Vol. 33, no 5, p. 986-1004Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper intends to explore the perception of value delivered in digital servitization in a business-to-business context of incumbent manufacturing firms. We investigate how individual entrepreneurial orientation (IEO) influence and affect the adoption of such digital servitization strategies. The observations are made through a survey and empirical assessment across a couple of large industrial organizations interested in servitization and digitalization. Findings contribute to the existing literature on digital servitization and business model innovation by suggesting that IEO influence perceived value in delivering digital service offers, whereas functional affiliation does not. Further observations suggest that digital capabilities can become a crucial enabler for the perception of value delivered in digital business models by providing swift access to data for affected stakeholders.

  • 16.
    Ahl, Amanda
    et al.
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Energy Technology.
    Eklund, Johanna
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Energy Technology.
    Lundqvist, Per
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Energy Technology.
    Yarime, M.
    Balancing formal and informal success factors perceived by supply chain stakeholders: A study of woody biomass energy systems in Japan2018In: Journal of Cleaner Production, ISSN 0959-6526, E-ISSN 1879-1786, Vol. 175, p. 50-59Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Small-scale woody biomass energy systems have an inherent ability to aid in emissions reduction while stimulating local economies and, as collective energy systems, are strongly connected to supply chain design based on local conditions and stakeholder integration. Despite an abundance of forest area alongside the promotion of biomass in energy policies, however, woody biomass utilization still remains low in Japan. The woody biomass supply chain, considered as a socio-technical system, involves a complex, cross-sectoral stakeholder network in which inter-organizational dynamics necessitates well-organized management based on an understanding of formal factors such as technology, as well as informal factors such as social relations and culture. In this paper, success factor perceptions from across the woody biomass supply chain are investigated based on semi-structured interviews with four stakeholders in the Kyushu region of Japan. Identified success factors here are: 1) respect of values & traditions, 2) transportation infrastructure, 3) business model integration, 4) relationship & trust, 5) local vitalization and 6) biomass quality control. A convergence as well as divergence of perceptions are observed, involving both formal and informal dimensions. Aiming to balance perceptions and to enable long-term success of woody biomass in Japan, a series of policy implications are drawn, including cross-ministerial integration, knowledge building on wood logistics, forest certification, local coordinators, biomass quality control standards and a feed-in-tariff for heat. This paper suggests a new arena of policy-making based on the importance of considering both informal and formal dimensions in energy policy.

  • 17. Ahmed, Engy
    et al.
    Hugerth, Luisa W.
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Gene Technology. KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Logue, Jürg Brendan
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Gene Technology. KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Bruchert, Volker
    Andersson, Anders F.
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Gene Technology. KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Holmström, Sara J. M.
    Mineral Type Structures Soil Microbial Communities2017In: Geomicrobiology Journal, ISSN 0149-0451, E-ISSN 1521-0529, Vol. 34, no 6, p. 538-545Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Soil microorganisms living in close contact with minerals play key roles in the biogeochemical cycling of elements, soil formation, and plant nutrition. Yet, the composition of microbial communities inhabiting the mineralosphere (i.e., the soil surrounding minerals) is poorly understood. Here, we explored the composition of soil microbial communities associated with different types of minerals in various soil horizons. To this effect, a field experiment was set up in which mineral specimens of apatite, biotite, and oligoclase were buried in the organic, eluvial, and upper illuvial horizons of a podzol soil. After an incubation period of two years, the soil attached to the mineral surfaces was collected, and microbial communities were analyzed by means of Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the 16S (prokaryotic) and 18S (eukaryotic) ribosomal RNA genes. We found that both composition and diversity of bacterial, archaeal, and fungal communities varied across the different mineral surfaces, and that mineral type had a greater influence on structuring microbial assemblages than soil horizon. Thus, our findings emphasize the importance of mineral surfaces as ecological niches in soils.

  • 18. Ahnen, Max L.
    et al.
    Larsson, Stefan
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Particle and Astroparticle Physics. Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmoparticle Physics, AlbaNova, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Li, Liang
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Particle and Astroparticle Physics. Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmoparticle Physics, AlbaNova, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Zottmann, N.
    et al.,
    VERY HIGH ENERGY γ-RAYS from the UNIVERSE'S MIDDLE AGEMAGIC: DETECTION of the z = 0.940 BLAZAR PKS 1441+25 with MAGIC2015In: Astrophysical Journal Letters, ISSN 2041-8205, E-ISSN 2041-8213, Vol. 815, no 2, article id L23Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The flat-spectrum radio quasar PKS 1441+25 at a redshift of z = 0.940 is detected between 40 and 250 GeV with a significance of 25.5σ using the MAGIC telescopes. Together with the gravitationally lensed blazar QSO B0218+357 (z = 0.944), PKS 1441+25 is the most distant very high energy (VHE) blazar detected to date. The observations were triggered by an outburst in 2015 April seen at GeV energies with the Large Area Telescope on board Fermi. Multi-wavelength observations suggest a subdivision of the high state into two distinct flux states. In the band covered by MAGIC, the variability timescale is estimated to be 6.4 ±1.9 days. Modeling the broadband spectral energy distribution with an external Compton model, the location of the emitting region is understood as originating in the jet outside the broad-line region (BLR) during the period of high activity, while being partially within the BLR during the period of low (typical) activity. The observed VHE spectrum during the highest activity is used to probe the extragalactic background light at an unprecedented distance scale for ground-based gamma-ray astronomy.

  • 19.
    Ajello, M.
    et al.
    Clemson Univ, Kinard Lab Phys, Dept Phys & Astron, Clemson, SC 29634 USA..
    Johannesson, G.
    Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland.;;Stockholm Univ, Roslagstullsbacken 23, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Larsson, Stefan
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Particle and Astroparticle Physics. Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Dalarna Univ, Nat Sci, Sch Educ Hlth & Social Studies, SE-79188 Falun, Sweden..
    Pesce-Rollins, M.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy..
    Zaharijas, G.
    Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.;Univ Trieste, Trieste, Italy.;Univ Nova Gorica, Ctr Astrophys & Cosmol, Nova Gorica, Slovenia..
    First Fermi-LAT Solar Flare Catalog2021In: Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, ISSN 0067-0049, E-ISSN 1538-4365, Vol. 252, no 2, article id 13Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present the first Fermi-Large Area Telescope (LAT) solar flare catalog covering the 24th solar cycle. This catalog contains 45 Fermi-LAT solar flares (FLSFs) with emission in the gamma-ray energy band (30 MeV-10 GeV) detected with a significance of >= 5 sigma over the years 2010-2018. A subsample containing 37 of these flares exhibits delayed emission beyond the prompt-impulsive hard X-ray phase, with 21 flares showing delayed emission lasting more than two hours. No prompt-impulsive emission is detected in four of these flares. We also present in this catalog observations of GeV emission from three flares originating from active regions located behind the limb of the visible solar disk. We report the lightcurves, spectra, best proton index, and localization (when possible) for all FLSFs. The gamma-ray spectra are consistent with the decay of pions produced by >300 MeV protons. This work contains the largest sample of high-energy gamma-ray flares ever reported and provides a unique opportunity to perform population studies on the different phases of the flare and thus allowing a new window in solar physics to be opened.

  • 20.
    Akhtar, Faiza
    et al.
    UET, ACTSENA Res Grp, Taxila 47050, Pakistan..
    Naqvi, Syeda Iffat
    UET, ACTSENA Res Grp, Taxila 47050, Pakistan..
    Arshad, Farzana
    UET, ACTSENA Res Grp, Taxila 47050, Pakistan..
    Amin, Yasar
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. UET, ACTSENA Res Grp, Taxila 47050, Pakistan.
    Tenhunen, Hannu
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. Univ Turku, TUCS, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland..
    A Flexible and Compact Semicircular Antenna for Multiple Wireless Communication Applications2018In: Radioengineering, ISSN 1210-2512, E-ISSN 1805-9600, Vol. 27, no 3, p. 671-678Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This work presents a compact, quad-band planar antenna intended for assimilation into flexible and conformal devices. The CPW-fed semicircular shaped prototype with rake-shaped slots is designed, realized and characterized experimentally. The frequency bands covered by the proposed radiator are centered at 2.5, 3.7, 5.5 and 8 GHz with measured impedance bandwidths of 16%, 13.5%, 11.8% and 14.63%, respectively. The proposed antenna is thus enabled to support WLAN, ISM, Bluetooth, WiMAX LTE and X-band applications. The antenna exhibits a significant gain. The radiation characteristics of the proposed radiator are measured in concave and convex bent shapes at various radii to analyze its flexibility. Performance of the antenna remains almost unaffected in the bent situation. Measurements demonstrate good coherence with simulations. The compactness and good performance of the design both in bent and unbent conditions proves it to be the better contender for future multiband conformal wireless applications.

  • 21.
    Akrami, Yashar
    et al.
    KTH, Centres, Nordic Institute for Theoretical Physics NORDITA.
    Hassan, Sayed Fawad
    Nordita SU;Department of Physics and the Oskar Klein Centre, Stockholm University, AlbaNova University Center, SE 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Könnig, Frank
    KTH, Centres, Nordic Institute for Theoretical Physics NORDITA.
    Schmidt-May, Angnis
    Nordita SU;Institut für Theoretische Physik, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 27, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
    Solomon, Adam R.
    KTH, Centres, Nordic Institute for Theoretical Physics NORDITA.
    Bimetric gravity is cosmologically viable2015In: Physics Letters B, ISSN 0370-2693, E-ISSN 1873-2445, Vol. 748, p. 37-44Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Bimetric theory describes gravitational interactions in the presence of an extra spin-2 field. Previous work has suggested that its cosmological solutions are generically plagued by instabilities. We show that by taking the Planck mass for the second metric, M-f, to be small, these instabilities can be pushed back to unobservably early times. In this limit, the theory approaches general relativity with an effective cosmological constant which is, remarkably, determined by the spin-2 interaction scale. This provides a late-time expansion history which is extremely close to Lambda CDM, but with a technically-natural value for the cosmological constant. We find M-f should be no larger than the electroweak scale in order for cosmological perturbations to be stable by big-bang nucleosynthesis. We further show that in this limit the helicity-0 mode is no longer strongly-coupled at low energy scales.

  • 22.
    Alam, Assad
    et al.
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering (EES), Automatic Control.
    Asplund, Fredrik
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Machine Design (Dept.), Mechatronics.
    Behere, Sagar
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Machine Design (Dept.), Mechatronics.
    Björk, Mattias
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Machine Design (Dept.), Mechatronics.
    Garcia Alonso, Liliana
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Machine Design (Dept.), Mechatronics.
    Khaksari, Farzad
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering (EES), Signal Processing.
    Khan, Altamash
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering (EES), Signal Processing.
    Kjellberg, Joakim
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering (EES), Automatic Control.
    Liang, Kuo-Yun
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering (EES), Automatic Control.
    Lyberger, Rickard
    Scania CV AB.
    Mårtensson, Jonas
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering (EES), Automatic Control. KTH, School of Electrical Engineering (EES), Centres, ACCESS Linnaeus Centre.
    Nilsson, John-Olof
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering (EES), Signal Processing.
    Pettersson, Henrik
    Scania CV AB.
    Pettersson, Simon
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Machine Design (Dept.), Mechatronics.
    Stålklinga, Elin
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering (EES), Automatic Control.
    Sundman, Dennis
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering (EES), Signal Processing.
    Zachariah, Dave
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering (EES), Signal Processing.
    Cooperative driving according to Scoop2011Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    KTH Royal Institute of Technology and Scania are entering the GCDC 2011 under the name Scoop –Stockholm Cooperative Driving. This paper is an introduction to their team and to the technical approach theyare using in their prototype system for GCDC 2011.

  • 23.
    Ali, Amjad
    et al.
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Materials Science and Engineering. COMSATS Inst Informat Technol, Dept Phys, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.;Univ Okara, Dept Phys, Okara 56300, Pakistan.
    Raza, Rizwan
    COMSATS Inst Informat Technol, Dept Phys, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.;Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Energy Technol, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Khalil, R. M. Arif
    Bahauddin Zakariya Univ, Dept Phys, Multan 60800, Pakistan..
    Ahmad, M. Ashfaq
    COMSATS Inst Informat Technol, Dept Phys, Lahore 54000, Pakistan..
    Rafique, Asia
    COMSATS Inst Informat Technol, Dept Phys, Lahore 54000, Pakistan..
    Ullah, M. Kaleem
    COMSATS Inst Informat Technol, Dept Phys, Lahore 54000, Pakistan..
    Rehman, Amin Ur
    Lahore Univ, Dept Phys, Lahore 54000, Pakistan..
    Mushtaq, M. Naveed
    COMSATS Inst Informat Technol, Dept Phys, Lahore 54000, Pakistan..
    Belova, Lyubov
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Materials Science and Engineering.
    A potential electrolyte (Ce1-x CaxO2-delta) for fuel cells:Theoretical andexperimental study2018In: Ceramics International, ISSN 0272-8842, E-ISSN 1873-3956, Vol. 44, no 11, p. 12676-12683Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    First-principles calculations are performed using density function theory to explore the effects of dopant Ca in ceria (Ce1-x CaxO2-delta). The impact of oxygen vacancy on band gap and density of states is examined in doped ceria using generalized gradient approximations. Vacancy association and vacancy formation energies of the doped ceria are calculated to reveal the effect of dopant on ion conduction. The experimental study of the sample Ce0.875Ca0.125O2-delta) was performed to compare with the theoretical results. The obtained results from theoretical calculation and experimental techniques show that oxygen vacancy increases the volume, lattice constant (5.47315 angstrom) but decrease the band gap (1.72 eV) and bulk modulus. The dopant radius (1.173 angstrom) and lattice constant (5.4718 angstrom) are also calculated by equations which is close to the DFT lattice parameter. The result shows that oxygen vacancy shifts the density of states to lower energy region. Band gap is decreased due to shifting of valence states to conduction band. Vacancy formation shows a significance increase in density of states near the Fermi level. Density of states at Fermi level is proportional to the conductivity, so an increase in density of states near the Fermi level increases the conductivity. The experimental measured ionic conductivity is found to 0.095 S cm(-1) at 600 degrees C. The microstructural studies is also reported in this work.

  • 24.
    Alinaghi, Farzad
    et al.
    KTH.
    Hedberg, Yolanda
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Zachariae, C.
    Thyssen, J. P.
    Johansen, J. D.
    Metals in used and unused metalworking fluids: X-ray fluorescence spectrometry as a screening test2020In: Contact Dermatitis, ISSN 0105-1873, E-ISSN 1600-0536Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Exposure to metalworking fluids (MWFs) is a well-known cause of occupational contact dermatitis. Objectives: We aimed to (1) determine the amount of nickel, chromium, and cobalt in large samples of used and unused MWFs collected from metalworking plants in Denmark, and (2) evaluate a handheld x-ray fluorescence (XRF) device as a screening instrument for metals in MWFs. Methods: A handheld XRF device was used to screen for metals in MWFs. All samples were also analyzed for concentrations of nickel, chromium, and cobalt using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy (GFAAS). Results: GFAAS analysis showed that 13 of 80 samples (16.3%) contained >1 mg/kg (ppm) nickel (range: 6.4-17.7 mg/kg), 3 of 80 (3.8%) contained >1 (range: 1.4-3.1) mg/kg chromium, and 1 of 80 (1.3%) contained 1.3 mg/kg cobalt. XRF-screening detected nickel in eight samples (range: 2.5-15.5 mg/kg), but only one sample with 3.0 (±0.5) mg/kg was found subsequently to contain 9.9 (0.02) mg/kg nickel by GFAAS. Although no chromium was found by XRF analysis, cobalt was found in two samples with 6 (±1.5) mg/kg and 5 (±1.5) mg/kg, subsequently found to contain 0.1 (±0.01) mg/kg and 0.08 (±0.01) mg/kg by GFAAS. Similar concentrations of nickel were found in used (N = 6, range: 6.4-17.7 mg/kg) and unused MWFs (N = 7, range: 9.1-17.3 mg/kg). Conclusion: Considerable levels of nickel, chromium, and cobalt were found in some used and unused MWFs indicating that these might represent a source of metal allergy. The XRF device is a poor screening test for these metals in MWFs. 

  • 25.
    Aljure, Mauricio
    et al.
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS).
    Becerra Garcia, Marley
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Electrical Engineering, Electromagnetic Engineering. ABB Corp Res, Vasteras, Sweden..
    Karlsson, Mattias E.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH).
    On the injection and generation of charge carriers in mineral oil under high electric fields2019In: JOURNAL OF PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS, ISSN 2399-6528, Vol. 3, no 3, article id UNSP 035019Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Charge injection and generation mechanisms under intense electric fields (up to 10(9)Vm(-1)) in mineral oil are assessed experimentally and numerically. For this, current-voltage characteristics under positive and negative polarities are measured in a needle-plane configuration using sharp needles (with tip radius R-tip <= 1.1 mu m). In addition, a state of the art electro-hydrodynamic (EHD) model is implemented to calculate the contribution of the different mechanisms on the high-field conduction currents in the liquid. In order to evaluate exclusively the contribution of field emission, experiments are also performed in vacuum. It is found that neither field emission nor field ionisation can explain the conduction currents measured in mineral oil. It is proposed that field molecular ionisation, as described by Zener tunnelling model for solids, and electron impact ionisation are the processes dominating the generation of excess electron-ion pairs in mineral oil under positive and negative polarity, respectively. It is also shown that Zener molecular ionisation alone grossly overestimates the measured currents when parameters previously suggested in the literature for mineral oil are used. Preliminary model parameters for these mechanisms that best fit the conduction currents measured in mineral oil are presented and discussed.

  • 26.
    Al-Khalili Szigyarto, Cristina
    et al.
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Biotechnology.
    Persson, A.
    KTH.
    Berglund, L.
    KTH.
    Tourle, S.
    KTH. Royal Inst Technol, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Ekstrom, M.
    KTH.
    Lindskog, M.
    KTH.
    Uhlén, Mathias
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Biotechnology.
    High throughput approach for bioinformatic design and cloning of protein epitope sequence tags suitable for antibody generation2005In: Molecular & Cellular Proteomics, ISSN 1535-9476, E-ISSN 1535-9484, Vol. 4, no 8, p. S60-S60Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 27.
    Almeida, João Tiago
    et al.
    KTH.
    Leite, Iolanda
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Intelligent systems, Robotics, Perception and Learning, RPL.
    Yadollahi, Elmira
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Intelligent systems, Robotics, Perception and Learning, RPL.
    Would you help me?: Linking robot's perspective-taking to human prosocial behavior2023In: HRI 2023: Proceedings of the 2023 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction, Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) , 2023, p. 388-397Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Despite the growing literature on human attitudes toward robots, particularly prosocial behavior, little is known about how robots' perspective-taking, the capacity to perceive and understand the world from other viewpoints, could infuence such attitudes and perceptions of the robot. To make robots and AI more autonomous and self-aware, more researchers have focused on developing cognitive skills such as perspective-taking and theory of mind in robots and AI. The present study investigated whether a robot's perspectivetaking choices could infuence the occurrence and extent of exhibiting prosocial behavior toward the robot.We designed an interaction consisting of a perspective-taking task, where we manipulated how the robot instructs the human to fnd objects by changing its frame of reference and measured the human's exhibition of prosocial behavior toward the robot. In a between-subject study (N=70), we compared the robot's egocentric and addressee-centric instructions against a control condition, where the robot's instructions were object-centric. Participants' prosocial behavior toward the robot was measured using a voluntary data collection session. Our results imply that the occurrence and extent of prosocial behavior toward the robot were signifcantly infuenced by the robot's visuospatial perspective-taking behavior. Furthermore, we observed, through questionnaire responses, that the robot's choice of perspectivetaking could potentially infuence the humans' perspective choices, were they to reciprocate the instructions to the robot.

  • 28.
    Alvarado Ávila, María Isabel
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    De Luca, Stefano
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Edlund, Ulrica
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Fibre- and Polymer Technology.
    Fei, Ye
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Dutta, Joydeep
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Cellulose as sacrificial agents for enhanced photoactivated hydrogen production2023In: Sustainable Energy & Fuels, E-ISSN 2398-4902, Vol. 7, no 8, p. 1981-1991Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The search for new energy sources together with the need to control greenhouse gas emissions has led to continued interest in low-emitting renewable energy technologies. In this context, water splitting for hydrogen production is a reasonable alternative to replace fossil fuels due to its high energy density producing only water during combustion. Cellulose is abundant in nature and as residuals from human activity, and therefore a natural, ecological, and carbon-neutral source for hydrogen production. In the present work, we propose a sustainable method for hydrogen production using sunlight and cellulose as sacrificial agents during the photocatalytic water splitting process. Platinum (Pt) catalyst activates hydrogen production, and parameters such as pH of the system, cellulose concentration, and Pt loading were studied. Using different biomasses, we found that the presence of hemicellulose and xyloglucan as part of the molecular composition considerably increased the H-2 production rate from 36 mu mol L-1 in one hour for rapeseed cellulose to 167.44 mu mol L-1 for acid-treated cellulose isolated from Ulva fenestrata algae. Carboxymethylation and TEMPO-oxidation of cellulosic biomass both led to more stable suspensions with higher rates of H-2 production close to 225 mu mol L-1, which was associated with their water solubility properties. The results suggest that cellulosic biomass can be an attractive alternative as a sacrificial agent for the photocatalytic splitting of water for H-2 production.

  • 29. Amarouch, Mohamed-Yassine
    et al.
    Kurt, Han
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Delemotte, Lucie
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Biophysics. KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Abriel, Hugues
    Biophysical Characterization of Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Effect on the Cardiac Sodium Channel Na(v)1.52020In: Molecules, ISSN 1431-5157, E-ISSN 1420-3049, Vol. 25, no 4, article id 902Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG) has been extensively studied for its protective effect against cardiovascular disorders. This effect has been attributed to its action on multiple molecular pathways and transmembrane proteins, including the cardiac Na(v)1.5 channels, which are inhibited in a dose-dependent manner. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this effect remains to be unveiled. To this aim, we have characterized the EGCG effect on Na(v)1.5 using electrophysiology and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. EGCG superfusion induced a dose-dependent inhibition of Na(v)1.5 expressed in tsA201 cells, negatively shifted the steady-state inactivation curve, slowed the inactivation kinetics, and delayed the recovery from fast inactivation. However, EGCG had no effect on the voltage-dependence of activation and showed little use-dependent block on Na(v)1.5. Finally, MD simulations suggested that EGCG does not preferentially stay in the center of the bilayer, but that it spontaneously relocates to the membrane headgroup region. Moreover, no sign of spontaneous crossing from one leaflet to the other was observed, indicating a relatively large free energy barrier associated with EGCG transport across the membrane. These results indicate that EGCG may exert its biophysical effect via access to its binding site through the cell membrane or via a bilayer-mediated mechanism.

  • 30. Amer, Wael A.
    et al.
    Wang, Li
    Amin, Abid M.
    Yu, Haojie
    Zhang, Lei
    Li, Chao
    Wang, Yang
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT).
    Liquid-crystalline azobenzene-containing ferrocene-based polymers: study on synthesis and properties of main-chain ferrocene-based polyesters with azobenzene in the side chain2013In: Polymers for Advanced Technologies, ISSN 1042-7147, E-ISSN 1099-1581, Vol. 24, no 2, p. 181-190Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Ferrocene-based polymers are characterized by their electrochemical activity, good redox properties, thermal, photochemical stability, and liquid crystallinity, and thus they have various applications in different fields. A comprehensive investigation on the synthesis and properties of three novel main-chain ferrocene-based polyesters with azobenzene in the side chain (MFPAS) was carried out. The main-chain ferrocene-based polyester, poly(N-phenyldiethanolamine 1,1'-ferrocene dicarboxylate (PPFD), was synthesized via the solution polycondensation reaction of 1,1'-ferrocenedicarbonyl chloride with phenyldiethanolamine (PDE). The novel MFPAS were synthesized via the post-polymerization azo-coupling reaction of PPFD with three different 4-substituted anilines including 4-nitroaniline, 4-aminobenzoic acid, and 4-aminobenzonitrile to produce 4-nitrophenylazo-functionalized-PPFD (PPFD-NT), 4-carboxyphenylazo-functionalized-PPFD (PPFD-CA), and 4-cyanophenylazo-functionalized-PPFD (PPFD-CN), respectively. All the synthesized polymers were characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and UVvisible spectroscopy. In addition, powder X-ray diffraction patterns were measured for the synthesized polymers. The photoisomerization of the MFPAS was studied. The thermal properties of the MFPAS were studied using thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. PPFD-CA and PPFD-CN were found to be more thermally stable than PPFD-NT. Finally, the liquid-crystalline properties of PPFD and the MFPAS were examined using polarized optical microscope. It was found that all the polymers possessed nematic phases and exhibited textures with schlieren disclinations.

  • 31. Amer, Wael A.
    et al.
    Wang, Li
    Yu, Haojie
    Amin, Abid M.
    Wang, Yang
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT).
    Synthesis and Properties of a Ferrocene-based Metallomesogenic Polymer Containing Bis(4-hydroxyoctoxyphenyl)sulfone2012In: Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials, ISSN 1574-1443, Vol. 22, no 6, p. 1229-1239Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Poly[bis(4-hydroxyoctoxyphenyl)sulfone 1,1'-ferrocene dicarboxylate] (PHOSFD) was synthesized by solution polycondensation reaction of bis(4-hydroxyoctoxyphenyl)sulfone with 1,1'-ferrocenyl chloride. The synthesized polymer was characterized via the measurement of its H-1 NMR spectrum, UV-Vis spectrum and FTIR spectrum. X-ray diffraction pattern was measured to investigate the crystallinity of the synthesized polymer and it was found that the polymer is mostly amorphous. The molecular weight of the polymer was determined by gel permeation chromatography. In addition, the electrochemical, the thermal, and the liquid crystalline properties of the synthesized polymer were examined and compared with the properties of poly(diethyleneglycol 1,1'-ferrocene dicarboxylate) (PDEFD) that was synthesized in our earlier study. The electrochemical processes of PHOSFD in CH2Cl2 were confirmed neither to be totally reversible nor completely irreversible. Generally, the electrochemical properties of PHOSFD and PDEFD were found to be similar to each other. PHOSFD was found to be thermally stable but its thermal stability is lower than that of PDEFD. Both of PHOSFD and PDEFD showed liquid crystalline properties and they possessed nematic phase textures with schlieren disclinations during heating and cooling.

  • 32.
    Aminzadeh, Selda
    et al.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Fibre and Polymer Technology. KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Centres, Wallenberg Wood Science Center.
    Mattsson, Tuve
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Centres, Wallenberg Wood Science Center. KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Fibre and Polymer Technology.
    Henriksson, Gunnar
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Fibre and Polymer Technology. KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Centres, Wallenberg Wood Science Center.
    Lindström, Mikael
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Fibre and Polymer Technology. KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Centres, Wallenberg Wood Science Center.
    On the crossflow membrane fractionation of lignoboost kraft lignin: Characterization of low molecular weight fractions2016In: Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society, ISSN 0065-7727, Vol. 251Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 33.
    Amundsen, Morten
    et al.
    Nordita SU.
    V. Bobkova, Irina
    Inst Solid State Phys, Chernogolovka, Moscow 142432, Russia.;Moscow Inst Phys & Technol, Dolgoprudny, Moscow 141700, Russia.;Natl Res Univ Higher, Sch Econ, Moscow 101000, Russia..
    Kamra, Akashdeep
    Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor Mat Condensada, Madrid 28049, Spain.;Condensed Matter Phys Ctr IFIMAC, Madrid 28049, Spain..
    Magnonic spin Joule heating and rectification effects2022In: Physical Review B, ISSN 2469-9950, E-ISSN 2469-9969, Vol. 106, no 14, article id 144411Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Nonlinear devices, such as transistors, enable contemporary computing technologies. We theoretically investigate nonlinear effects, bearing a high fundamental scientific and technical relevance, in magnonics with emphasis on superconductor-ferromagnet hybrids. Accounting for a finite magnon chemical potential, we theoretically demonstrate magnonic spin Joule heating, the spin analog of conventional electronic Joule heating. Besides suggesting a key contribution to magnonic heat transport in a broad range of devices, it provides insights into the thermal physics of nonconserved bosonic excitations. Considering a spin-split superconductor self-consistently, we demonstrate its interface with a ferromagnetic insulator to harbor large tunability of spin and thermal conductances. We further demonstrate hysteretic rectification I-V characteristics in this hybrid, where the hysteresis results from the superconducting state bistability.

  • 34. Anand, S.
    et al.
    Coughlin, M. W.
    Kasliwal, M. M.
    Bulla, Mattia
    KTH, Centres, Nordic Institute for Theoretical Physics NORDITA.
    Ahumada, T.
    Sagués Carracedo, A.
    Almualla, M.
    Andreoni, I.
    Stein, R.
    Foucart, F.
    Singer, L. P.
    Sollerman, J.
    Bellm, E. C.
    Bolin, B.
    Caballero-García, M. D.
    Castro-Tirado, A. J.
    Cenko, S. B.
    De, K.
    Dekany, R. G.
    Duev, D. A.
    Feeney, M.
    Fremling, C.
    Goldstein, D. A.
    Golkhou, V. Z.
    Graham, M. J.
    Guessoum, N.
    Hankins, M. J.
    Hu, Y.
    Kong, A. K. H.
    Kool, E. C.
    Kulkarni, S. R.
    Kumar, H.
    Laher, R. R.
    Masci, F. J.
    Mróz, P.
    Nissanke, S.
    Porter, M.
    Reusch, S.
    Riddle, R.
    Rosnet, P.
    Rusholme, B.
    Serabyn, E.
    Sánchez-Ramírez, R.
    Rigault, M.
    Shupe, D. L.
    Smith, R.
    Soumagnac, M. T.
    Walters, R.
    Valeev, Azamat F.
    KTH, Centres, Nordic Institute for Theoretical Physics NORDITA. Division of Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States; Special Astrophysical Observatory, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhnii Arkhyz, Russian Federation.
    Optical follow-up of the neutron star–black hole mergers S200105ae and S200115j2020In: Nature Astronomy, E-ISSN 2397-3366Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    LIGO and Virgo’s third observing run revealed the first neutron star–black hole (NSBH) merger candidates in gravitational waves. These events are predicted to synthesize r-process elements1,2 creating optical/near-infrared ‘kilonova’ emission. The joint gravitational wave and electromagnetic detection of an NSBH merger could be used to constrain the equation of state of dense nuclear matter3, and independently measure the local expansion rate of the Universe4. Here, we present the optical follow-up and analysis of two of the only three high-significance NSBH merger candidates detected to date, S200105ae and S200115j, with the Zwicky Transient Facility5. The Zwicky Transient Facility observed ~48% of S200105ae and ~22% of S200115j’s localization probabilities, with observations sensitive to kilonovae brighter than −17.5 mag fading at 0.5 mag d−1 in the g- and r-bands; extensive searches and systematic follow-up of candidates did not yield a viable counterpart. We present state-of-the-art kilonova models tailored to NSBH systems that place constraints on the ejecta properties of these NSBH mergers. We show that with observed depths of apparent magnitude ~22 mag, attainable in metre-class, wide-field-of-view survey instruments, strong constraints on ejecta mass are possible, with the potential to rule out low mass ratios, high black hole spins and large neutron star radii.

  • 35.
    Anand, Srinivasan
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Desieres, Yohan
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics. CEA LETI MINATEC, Grenoble, France.
    Visser, Dennis
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Chen, D-Y
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Optical Coatings and Films Based on Photonic Semiconductor Nanostructure Assemblies2017In: 2017 19TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TRANSPARENT OPTICAL NETWORKS (ICTON), IEEE , 2017Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Photonic semiconductor nanostructure assemblies offer unique possibilities for light manipulation as well as for tailoring light-matter interaction by appropriate choice of their geometrical and material properties. The material-structure combination offers a variety of options for wavelength specific applications, deriving from the electronic properties of semiconductors and optical properties of individual and assemblies of nanostructures (particles, disks, pillars/wires etc.). We present an overview of our research on optical coatings based on semiconductor nanostructure assemblies focusing on their optical properties, different fabrication technologies and selected application examples. Design and simulations of the optical coatings are performed by finite difference time domain calculations, and are used as a guideline for fabrication. We discuss different routes for fabrication of nanostructured optical films/coatings including directed assembly and patterning of nanoparticles from solution phase, solution synthesis, combination of dry etching and colloidal lithography, transfer printing, and generation of flexible polymer films with embedded nanostructures. The fabricated films are validated by optical measurements and some device specific properties such as omni-directional broad-band anti-reflection in solar cells and efficient light extraction in light emitting diodes are demonstrated.

  • 36.
    Andersson, David Emanuel
    et al.
    KTH.
    Andersson, Åke E
    KTH.
    Globalisation in stages2017In: Economics of Globalisation, Taylor and Francis , 2017, p. 77-93Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 37.
    Andersson, Joel
    et al.
    GKN Aerosp Engine Syst, SE-46181 Trollhattan, Sweden.;Univ West, Dept Engn Sci, SE-46186 Trollhattan, Sweden.;Chalmers, Dept Mat & Mfg Technol, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Raza, Shahzad
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Materials Science and Engineering.
    Eliasson, Anders
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Materials Science and Engineering.
    Surreddi, Kumar Babu
    Chalmers, Dept Mat & Mfg Technol, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden..
    SOLIDIFICATION OF ALLOY 718, ATI 718PLUS (R) AND WASPALOY2014In: 8TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON SUPERALLOY 718 AND DERIVATIVES / [ed] Ott, E Banik, A Andersson, J Dempster, I Gabb, T Groh, J Heck, K Helmink, R Liu, X WusatowskaSarnek, A, JOHN WILEY & SONS INC , 2014, p. 181-192Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Alloy 718, ATI 718Plus (R) and Waspaloy have been investigated in terms of what their respective solidification process reveals. Differential thermal analysis was used to approach the task together with secondary electron and back scattered electron detectors equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy detector. These experimental methods were used to construct pseudo binary phase diagrams that could aid in explaining solidification as well as liquation mechanisms in processes such as welding and casting. Furthermore, it was seen that Waspaloy has the smallest solidification range, followed by Alloy 718, and finally ATI 718Plus (R) possessing the largest solidification interval in comparison.

  • 38.
    Andersson, Jonas E.
    KTH.
    Standardizing Human Abilities and Capabilities Swedish Standardization with a Design for All Approach2019In: Proceedings of the 20th Congress of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA 2018), Springer, 2019, Vol. 825, p. 459-468Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Several standard works in Sweden from the period 2000–2017 have been focused on converting visionary welfare political goals into down-to-earth-oriented guidelines for subsequent realization and implementation. The present paper is focused on the conversion of general welfare goals into standards that apply to areas that require a trans-disciplinary approach to address accessibility issues in built environment, services and transportation. The study suggests that standardization with a design for all perspective becomes an interpretive work in which words and phrases are contemplated in relation to the ethical stance of the national disability policy. This framework is situated at the very interface between real-life settings and visionary thinking. Consequently, participants in standardization works revolving around design for all activate several individual knowledge fields of ethical, ideological, practical and theoretical nature. In communal discussions between the participants, the development of standards proceeds through an analytical work that is like an iterative creative process that uses concepts, phrases and words as instruments. The overall conclusion is that standardization with a design for all approach has left the strict focus on products and started to target the design process in view of a built environment, products or services that are centered on the fit between the design and a wide range of human abilities.

  • 39.
    Andersson, Kjell
    et al.
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Machine Design (Dept.), Machine Design (Div.).
    Bhandari, Kaviresh
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Machine Design (Dept.).
    Chamoun, S.
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Machine Design (Dept.).
    Engel, Katrin
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Machine Design (Dept.).
    Design and evaluation of a concept for storing thermal energy2012In: NordDesign 2012 - Proceedings of the 9th NordDesign Conference, Center for Industrial Production, Aalborg University and Design Society, University of Strathclyde , 2012Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Thermal energy storage technology is a promising power source for peak-power requirements in automotive applications as well as for small-scale combined heat-and-power generation. This paper reports project work made in the MF2004 Machine Design advanced course at KTH and describes the design, realization and experimental testing of a concept for storage of thermal energy. The test results were compared to the theoretical model described in the patent application of a steam buffer [1] as developed by RANOTOR AB [2] in Sigtuna, Sweden. The experimental results proved to be in correspondence with the predicted behaviour, which indicates proof of concept.

  • 40.
    Andersson, Lars
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Mathematics (Dept.), Mathematics (Div.).
    Backdahl, Thomas
    Blue, Pieter
    A NEW TENSORIAL CONSERVATION LAW FOR MAXWELL FIELDS ON THE KERR BACKGROUND2017In: Journal of differential geometry, ISSN 0022-040X, E-ISSN 1945-743X, Vol. 105, no 2, p. 163-176Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A new, conserved, symmetric tensor field for a source-free Maxwell test field on a four-dimensional spacetime with a conformal Killing-Yano tensor, satisfying a certain compatibility condition, is introduced. In particular, this construction works for the Kerr spacetime.

  • 41.
    Andersson, Magnus
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Theoretical Physics.
    Lindahl, Erik
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Biochem & Biophys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    White, Stephen H.
    Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA USA..
    Kaback, Ronald H.
    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA..
    The Molecular Basis for Substrate Specificity in Lactose Permease2015In: Biophysical Journal, ISSN 0006-3495, E-ISSN 1542-0086, Vol. 108, no 2, p. 309A-309AArticle in journal (Other academic)
  • 42.
    Andersson, Mikael
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics.
    Bäck, Torbjörn
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Nuclear Physics. KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Centres, Albanova VinnExcellence Center for Protein Technology, ProNova.
    Gamma-ray track reconstruction using graph neural networks2023In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, ISSN 0168-9002, E-ISSN 1872-9576, Vol. 1048, article id 168000Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Since the advent of the new generation of germanium detector arrays for low-energy nuclear physics experiments utilizing gamma-ray tracking, the challenges associated with track-reconstruction methods have been extensively studied. In the present work an approach based on recent developments in machine learning was used to address the problem. Here, a graph neural network was constructed and trained on data simulated in Geant4 in order to attempt track reconstruction of gamma rays below 1 MeV in a spherical shell geometry of pure germanium. Using a thick-shell geometry, and simulated data without energy-and position uncertainties the network achieved a reconstruction rate above 80% for complete tracks, and a combined peak-to-total value of 85% for energy spectra with four discrete peaks. For data with added noise, i.e. finite resolution in interaction-point position and energy, the corresponding peak-to-total ratio dropped to 74%. The track reconstruction was stable across multiplicities 1-10 but showed an increased error frequency in the energy range between 50 keV and 250 keV. To specifically study the complication of gamma tracks lost by out -scattering from the detector volume, a thin-shell (9 cm thickness) geometry was used together with a modified version of the GNN framework. By letting the GNN code identify and discriminate the out-scatter events, an improvement of the P/T value from 66% to 75% was found for the packed, noisy data. For the sake of comparison the new GNN model with existing gamma-ray tracking methods, a separate instance of the network was trained on slightly higher energies (up to 1.5 MeV) and multiplicities (up to 15) to evaluate 1.332 MeV photon cascade data in terms of P/T and photo-peak efficiency. The results for this GNN data set, with P/T values at 85% for single tracks and 74% for multiplicity 15, show clear promise when compared to the existing tracking methods.

  • 43.
    Andersson, Roland
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Real Estate and Construction Management, Building and Real Estate Economics.
    Söderberg, Bo
    Uppsala University, Sweden.
    Elimination of Rent Control in the Swedish Rental Housing Market: Why and How?2012In: Journal of Housing Research, ISSN 1052-7001, Vol. 21, no 2, p. 159-181Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    If housing market rent control is completely eliminated, welfare gains may arise from tenant redistribution. The amount of such welfare gains is estimated at approximately SEK 20 billion (approximately USD 3 billion) for inner Stockholm. In addition, welfare gains may arise from the production of new housing. We demonstrate that total deregulation is preferable to partial deregulation limited to new housing. Furthermore, inefficient overproduction of new housing would follow partial deregulation. Tenants facing rent increases if rent control were phased out would suffer welfare losses, and should be compensated to fulfill the Pareto criterion. Various compensation models could be used, as analyzed here. The amounts necessary to fully compensate tenants in attractive submarkets may be substantial. The Pareto criterion is not necessarily a desirable guideline for politicians if it implies huge wealth redistribution; it is still, however, a natural criterion in connection to all welfare economic analysis.

  • 44.
    Andersson, T
    et al.
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Biotechnology.
    af Klint, E
    Strobel, S
    Andersson, U
    Stark, A
    Gelinas, R
    Lundeberg, Joakim
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Biotechnology.
    Klareskog, L
    Ulfgren, A K
    Differential gene expression and protein expression levels of MMP and TIMP molecules in response to glucocorticoid treatment in arthritic patients2004In: Arthritis Research & Therapy, ISSN 1478-6354, E-ISSN 1478-6362, Vol. 6, p. S18-S18Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 45.
    Andreanidis, Christos
    et al.
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Engineering Design, Mechatronics and Embedded Control Systems.
    Bergsten, Johanna
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Engineering Design, Mechatronics and Embedded Control Systems.
    Brümmer, Marcel
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Engineering Design, Mechatronics and Embedded Control Systems.
    Fröberg, Joel
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Engineering Design, Mechatronics and Embedded Control Systems.
    Lindestam, Algot
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Engineering Design, Mechatronics and Embedded Control Systems.
    Persson, Annie
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Engineering Design, Mechatronics and Embedded Control Systems.
    Pirmohamed, Fahim
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Engineering Design, Mechatronics and Embedded Control Systems.
    Sandahl, Maria
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Engineering Design, Mechatronics and Embedded Control Systems.
    Thorapalli Muralidharan, Seshagopalan
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Engineering Design, Mechatronics and Embedded Control Systems.
    Andrikopoulos, Georgios
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Engineering Design, Mechatronics and Embedded Control Systems.
    On the Design and Development of a Tabletop Robot for Interaction with Children2023In: 2023 IEEE/ASME International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics, AIM 2023, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) , 2023, p. 1232-1237Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This article presents a novel emotionally expressive robot platform targeting social engagement with children. This platform was implemented in accordance with UNICEF's policy guidance on artificial intelligence (AI) for children, focusing on factors such as safety, transparency, reliability and explainability. The robot prototype is presented from a design and development perspective, outlining all utilized electromechanical components that enable its 11 degrees-of-freedom and sensing functions. Preliminary evaluation results are provided in terms of dependability and expressiveness of basic emotions, thus demonstrating the robot's potential to facilitate trustworthy and secure interactions with children.

  • 46.
    Ankerfors, Caroline
    et al.
    KTH.
    Wågberg, Lars
    KTH.
    Odberg, Lars
    KTH.
    Carlen, Joakim
    Eka Chem, S-44580 Bohus, Sweden..
    Persson, Michael
    Eka Chem, S-44580 Bohus, Sweden..
    CELL 281-Novel high-speed jet mixing method for the formation of polyelectrolyte complexes used for fiber surface modification2008In: Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society, ISSN 0065-7727, Vol. 235Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 47.
    Antoni, P
    et al.
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Polymer Technology.
    Nystrom, D
    KTH.
    Malmström, Eva
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Polymer Technology.
    Johansson, Mats
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Polymer Technology.
    Hult, Anders
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Polymer Technology.
    Surface modification of silica particles by controlled radical polymerization.2005In: Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society, ISSN 0065-7727, Vol. 229, p. U963-U963Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 48.
    Antoni, Per
    et al.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE).
    Nystrom, Daniel
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE). KTH, Royal Inst Technol, Sch Chem Sci & Engn, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Hawker, Craig J.
    Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Mat Res Lab, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA..
    Hult, Anders
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE).
    Malkoch, Michael
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE).
    POLY 558-Synthesis of click/ester and click/ether dendrimers based on AB2-and CD2-monomers2007In: Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society, ISSN 0065-7727, Vol. 234Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 49.
    Antypas, Haris
    et al.
    AIMES - Center for the Advancement of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Zhang, Tianqi
    AIMES - Center for the Advancement of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Choong, Ferdinand X.
    AIMES - Center for the Advancement of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden; Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Melican, Keira
    AIMES - Center for the Advancement of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences, Karolinska Institutet Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Richter-Dahlfors, Agneta
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Fibre- and Polymer Technology. KTH, Centres, Center for the Advancement of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences, AIMES. Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Dynamic single cell analysis in a proximal-tubule-on-chip reveals heterogeneous epithelial colonization strategies of uropathogenic Escherichia coli under shear stress2023In: FEMS Microbes, E-ISSN 2633-6685, Vol. 4, article id xtad007Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The urinary tract is a hydrodynamically challenging microenvironment and uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) must overcome several physiological challenges in order to adhere and establish a urinary tract infection. Our previous work in vivo revealed a synergy between different UPEC adhesion organelles, which facilitated effective colonization of the renal proximal tubule. To allow highresolution real-time analysis of this colonization behavior, we established a biomimetic proximal-tubule-on-chip (PToC). The PToC allowed for single-cell resolution analysis of the first stages of bacterial interaction with host epithelial cells, under physiological flow. Time-lapse microscopy and single-cell trajectory analysis in the PToC revealed that while the majority of UPEC moved directly through the system, a minority population initiated heterogeneous adhesion, identified as either rolling or bound. Adhesion was predominantly transient andmediated by P pili at the earliest time-points. These bound bacteria initiated a founder populationwhich rapidly divided, leading to 3D microcolonies. Within the first hours, the microcolonies did not express extracellular curli matrix, but rather were dependent on Type 1 fimbriae as the key element in the microcolony structure. Collectively, our results show the application of Organ-on-chip technology to address bacterial adhesion behaviors, demonstrating a well-orchestrated interplay and redundancy between adhesion organelles that enables UPEC to form microcolonies and persist under physiological shear stress.

  • 50.
    Aoude, Rafael
    et al.
    Centre for Cosmology, Particle Physics and Phenomenology (CP3), Université catholique de Louvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; Higgs Centre for Theoretical Physics, School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Scotland, United Kingdom.
    Haddad, Kays
    Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, Uppsala, 75120, Sweden, Nordita, Stockholm University,.
    Heissenberg, Carlo
    School of Mathematical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, United Kingdom, Mile End Road.
    Helset, Andreas
    Walter Burke Institute for Theoretical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA; Theoretical Physics Department, CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.
    Leading-order gravitational radiation to all spin orders2024In: Physical Review D: covering particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology, ISSN 2470-0010, E-ISSN 2470-0029, Vol. 109, no 3, article id 036007Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Starting with on-shell amplitudes compatible with the scattering of Kerr black holes up to Compton-amplitude contact terms, we produce the gravitational waveform and memory effect including spin at their leading post-Minkowskian orders to all orders in the spins of both scattering objects. For the memory effect, we present results at next-to-leading order as well, finding a closed form for all spin orders when the spins are anti-aligned and equal in magnitude. Considering instead generically oriented spins, we produce the next-to-leading-order memory to sixth order in spin. Compton-amplitude contact terms up to sixth order in spin are included throughout our analysis.

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