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  • 1. Abarca, R. R. M.
    et al.
    Gaudio, M. T.
    Chakraborty, S.
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, Vatten- och miljöteknik.
    Metals toxic pollutants in the environment: Anthropogenic and geological causes and remediation2019Ingår i: Current Trends and Future Developments on (Bio-) Membranes: Membranes in Environmental Applications, Elsevier Inc. , 2019, s. 109-124Kapitel i bok, del av antologi (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
    Abstract [en]

    Heavy metals are naturally present in nature, but if their concentration is higher than the normal accepted threshold levels, they constitute one of the pollutants that is more difficult to remove and also to rehabilitate the contaminated site by them. There are many heavy-metal pollutants-the most common among them are arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), selenium (Se), and zinc (Zn), along with the less common ones, which produced, for example, by the nuclear process, such as uranium (U)-in different configuration; hence, many possibilities of contamination in the world exist, and they are more difficult to remove.Thus heavy-metal pollution is more and more becoming one of the principal issues of the global interest, because it is common to both industrialized countries and developing countries. These issues are getting hard to be recognized and cannot be followed the simple rules concerning safety and environmental protection, thus fall into the same errors of the already industrialized countries. At the same time, new environment-remediation techniques are developed in the last decade, especially, in these last years. Some of these technologies concern physical or chemical process or effects, such as ion exchanges, flotations, and photocatalysis, while other technologies concern the use of membrane process, especially ultrafiltration or membrane integrated process or hybrid systems, where membranes are generally submerged and used together with another process.In this chapter a review of this problem and some example of technologies for removing and remediation of the environment are reported. 

  • 2. Abiye, T. A.
    et al.
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik.
    Arsenic concentration in groundwater: Archetypal study from South Africa2019Ingår i: Groundwater for Sustainable Development, ISSN 2352-801X, Vol. 9, artikel-id 100246Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    South Africa does not have significant surface water resources, which is often easily affected by unpredictable and rapidly changing climatic variables, due to its location in the arid and semi-arid climatic setting. In large part of the country, groundwater from weathered and fractured crystalline rocks plays pivotal role in sustaining the livelihood, often it contains toxic metals released from the host rocks. The host rocks that are responsible for arsenic release in groundwater are primarily enriched due to metamorphism and igneous processes that resulted in the enrichment of economic minerals. Preliminary assessment indicates that the main arsenic containing minerals are arsenopyrite (FeAsS), arsenical oxide, sulpharsenide, arsenopyritical reefs, leucopyrite, löllingite (FeAs2) and scorodite (FeAsO4·2H2O). Owing to the release of arsenic from highly mineralized rocks that constitute the aquifers, arsenic concentration in the groundwater reaches up to 253 μg/L (Namaqualand), 6150 μg/L (west of Johannesburg), about 500 μg/L in the Karoo aquifers, considerably higher than the WHO guideline value of 10 μg/L. Acid mine drainage from coal and gold mining is also found to be an important source of arsenic and other toxic metals in groundwater.

  • 3. Abu-Khader, M. M.
    et al.
    Shawaqfeh, A. T.
    Naddaf, Z.
    Maity, J. P.
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik.
    Radon in the groundwater in the Amman-Zarqa Basin and related environments in Jordan2018Ingår i: Groundwater for Sustainable Development, ISSN 2352-801X, Vol. 7, s. 73-81Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The occurrence of radon (222Rn) in environment (groundwater and indoor air) from geogenic sources is receiving an growing attention due to its adverse impact on human health worldwide including Jordan. Highlighting the current status of radon in Jordan, the present study of radon concentrations in ground waters in the Amman-Zarqa basin (AZB) was investigated. Groundwater samples were collected from fifteen wells located in three main areas of Ras Al-Ain, Al-Rsaifeh and Al-Hashemite. Radon concentration was measure using Liquid scintillation counting (LSC) Tri- Carb 3110 with discriminator and the highest values for radon concentration in water were observed in Al-Rsaifeh area and ranged from 4.52 up to 30.70 Bq/l with an average of 11.22 Bq/l, which were attributed to the decay of naturally distributed uranium in phosphate rock from Al-Rsaifeh mines. In Ras Al-Ain area, the radon concentration were noted ranged from 0.6 to 5.55 Bq/l with an average of 2.82 Bq/l, and also in Al-Hashemite area were ranged from 0.77 to 5.37 Bq/l with an average of 4.04 Bq/l. The overall average concentration of tested samples was 5.77 Bq/l and found within the acceptable international levels. Ground water samples of Ras Al-Ain area showed good quality as was tested of low salinity. It recorded the lowest average radon concentration of 2.82 Bq/l. Also, Radon indoor and building materials was reviewed. In conclusion, this study presented an urged need for developing national regulations and standards as well as awareness program concerning the radon status in Jordan.Elsevier B.V.

  • 4. Agathokleous, E.
    et al.
    Barceló, D.
    Aschner, M.
    Azevedo, R. A.
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, Vatten- och miljöteknik.
    Costantini, D.
    Cutler, G. C.
    De Marco, A.
    Docea, A. O.
    Dórea, J. G.
    Duke, S. O.
    Efferth, T.
    Fatta-Kassinos, D.
    Fotopoulos, V.
    Ginebreda, A.
    Guedes, R. N. C.
    Hayes, A. W.
    Iavicoli, I.
    Kalantzi, O. -I
    Koike, T.
    Kouretas, D.
    Kumar, M.
    Manautou, J. E.
    Moore, M. N.
    Paoletti, E.
    Peñuelas, J.
    Picó, Y.
    Reiter, R. J.
    Rezaee, R.
    Rinklebe, J.
    Rocha-Santos, T.
    Sicard, P.
    Sonne, C.
    Teaf, C.
    Tsatsakis, A.
    Vardavas, A. I.
    Wang, W.
    Zeng, E. Y.
    Calabrese, E. J.
    Rethinking Subthreshold Effects in Regulatory Chemical Risk Assessments2022Ingår i: Environmental Science and Technology, ISSN 0013-936X, E-ISSN 1520-5851, Vol. 56, nr 16, s. 11095-11099Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
  • 5.
    Ahmad, Arslan
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik.
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, Vatten- och miljöteknik.
    Arsenic in Drinking Water: Is 10 μg/L a Safe Limit?2019Ingår i: Current Pollution Reports, ISSN 2198-6592, Vol. 5, nr 1Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
  • 6.
    Ahmad, Arslan
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik.
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik.
    Environmental arsenic in a changing world2019Ingår i: Groundwater for Sustainable Development, ISSN 2352-801X, Vol. 8, s. 169-171Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
  • 7.
    Ahmad, Arslan
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, Vatten- och miljöteknik. SIBELCO Ankerpoort NV, Op Bos 300, NL-6223 EP Maastricht, Netherlands.;Wageningen Univ & Res WUR, Dept Environm Technol, Droevendaalsesteeg 4, NL-6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands..
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, Vatten- och miljöteknik.
    Global Groundwater: Source, Scarcity, Security and Solutions2021Ingår i: Groundwater for Sustainable Development, ISSN 2352-801X, Vol. 15, artikel-id 100605Artikel, recension (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
  • 8.
    Ahmad, Arslan
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, Hållbarhet och miljöteknik. KWR Water Cycle Res Inst, Nieuwegein, Netherlands.;WUR, Dept Environm Technol, Wageningen, Netherlands..
    Cornelissen, Emile
    KWR Water Cycle Res Inst, Nieuwegein, Netherlands.;Nanyang Technol Univ, Nanyang Environm & Water Res Inst, Singapore Membrane Technol Ctr, Singapore, Singapore.;Univ Ghent, Particle & Interfacial Technol Grp, Ghent, Belgium..
    van de Wetering, Stephan
    Brabant Water NV Breda, Breda, Netherlands..
    van Dijk, Tim
    Brabant Water NV Breda, Breda, Netherlands..
    van Genuchten, Case
    Univ Utrecht, Fac Geosci, Dept Earth Sci Geochem, Utrecht, Netherlands..
    Bundschuh, Jochen
    Univ Southern Queensland, Int Ctr Appl Climate Sci, West St, Toowoomba, Qld, Australia.;Univ Southern Queensland, Deputy Vice Chancellors Off Res & Innovat, Toowoomba, Qld, Australia.;Univ Southern Queensland, Fac Hlth Engn & Sci, Toowoomba, Qld, Australia..
    van der Wal, Albert
    WUR, Dept Environm Technol, Wageningen, Netherlands.;Evides Water Co NV Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik. Univ Southern Queensland, Int Ctr Appl Climate Sci, West St, Toowoomba, Qld, Australia..
    Arsenite removal in groundwater treatment plants by sequential Permanganate-Ferric treatment2018Ingår i: Journal of Water Process Engineering, E-ISSN 2214-7144, Vol. 26, s. 221-229Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The Dutch drinking water sector is actively investigating methods to reduce arsenic (As) to < 1 mu g/L in drinking water supply. We investigated (1) the effectiveness of sequential permanganate (MnO4-)-ferric (Fe(III)) dosing during aeration-rapid sand filtration to achieve < 1 mu g/L As (2) the influence of MnO4--Fe(III) dosing on preestablished removal patterns of As(III), Fe(II), Mn(II) and NH4+ in rapid sand filters and (3) the influence of MnO4--Fe(III) dosing on the settling and molecular-scale structural properties of the filter backwash solids. We report that MnO4--Fe(III) dosing is an effective technique to improve arsenite [As(III)] removal at groundwater treatment plants. At a typical aeration-rapid sand filtration facility in the Netherlands effluent As concentrations of < 1 mu g/L were achieved with 1.2 mg/L MnO4--and 1.8 mg/L Fe(III). The optimized combination of MnO4-and Fe(III) doses did not affect the removal efficiency of Fe(II), Mn(II) and NH4+ in rapid sand filters, however, the removal patterns of Fe(II) and Mn(II) in rapid sand filter were altered, as well as the settling behaviour of backwash solids. The characterization of backwash solids by Fe K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that the changed settling velocity of backwash solids with MnO4-Fe(III) in place was not due to changes in the molecular-scale structure of Fe-precipitates that constitute the major portion of the backwash solids.

  • 9.
    Ahmad, Arslan
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik. KWR Water Cycle Res Inst, Groningenhaven 7, NL-3433 PE Nieuwegein, Netherlands.;Wageningen Univ & Res WUR, Dept Environm Technol, Droevendaalsesteeg 4, NL-6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands.;Evides Water Co NV, Schaardijk 150, NL-3063 NH Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    Heijnen, Leo
    KWR Water Cycle Res Inst, Groningenhaven 7, NL-3433 PE Nieuwegein, Netherlands..
    de Waal, Luuk
    KWR Water Cycle Res Inst, Groningenhaven 7, NL-3433 PE Nieuwegein, Netherlands..
    Battaglia-Brunet, Fabienne
    French Geol Survey BRGM, 3 Ave Claude Guillemin,BP 36009, F-45060 Orleans 02, France..
    Oorthuizen, Wim
    Dunea Duin & Water NV, Pl Verenigde Naties 11-15, NL-2719 EG Zoetermeer, Netherlands..
    Pieterse, Brent
    Dunea Duin & Water NV, Pl Verenigde Naties 11-15, NL-2719 EG Zoetermeer, Netherlands..
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik.
    van der Wal, Albert
    Wageningen Univ & Res WUR, Dept Environm Technol, Droevendaalsesteeg 4, NL-6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands.;Evides Water Co NV, Schaardijk 150, NL-3063 NH Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    Mobility and redox transformation of arsenic during treatment of artificially recharged groundwater for drinking water production2020Ingår i: Water Research, ISSN 0043-1354, E-ISSN 1879-2448, Vol. 178, artikel-id 115826Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    In this study we investigate opportunities for reducing arsenic (As) to low levels, below 1 mu g/L in produced drinking water from artificially infiltrated groundwater. We observe that rapid sand filtration is the most important treatment step for the oxidation and removal of As at water treatment plants which use artificially recharged groundwater as source. Removal of As is mainly due to As co-precipitation with Fe(III)(oxyhydr)oxides, which shows higher efficiency in rapid sand filter beds compared to aeration and supernatant storage. This is due to an accelerated oxidation of As(III) to As(V) in the filter bed which may be caused by the manganese oxides and/or As(III) oxidizing bacteria, as both are found in the coating of rapid sand filter media grains by chemical analysis and taxonomic profiling of the bacterial communities. Arsenic removal does not take place in treatment steps such as granular activated carbon filtration, ultrafiltration or slow sand filtration, due to a lack of hydrolyzing iron in their influent and a lack of adsorption affinity between As and the filtration surfaces. Further, we found that As reduction to below 1 mu g/L can be effectively achieved at water treatment plants either by treating the influent of rapid sand filters by dosing potassium permanganate in combination with ferric chloride or by treating the effluent of rapid sand filters with ferric chloride dosing only. Finally, we observe that reducing the pH is an effective measure for increasing As co-precipitation with Fe(III)(oxyhydr)oxides, but only when the oxidized arsenic, As(V), is the predominant species in water.

  • 10.
    Ahmad, Arslan
    et al.
    KWR Water Cycle Res Inst, Groningenhaven 7, NL-3433 PE Nieuwegein, Netherlands.;KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Sustainable Dev Environm Sci & Engn, KTH Int Groundwater Arsen Res Grp, Stockholm, Sweden.;WUR, Dept Environm Technol, Wageningen, Netherlands.;Evides Water Co NV, Schaardijk 150, NL-3063 NH Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    Rutten, Sam
    WUR, Dept Environm Technol, Wageningen, Netherlands..
    Eikelboom, Martijn
    WUR, Dept Environm Technol, Wageningen, Netherlands..
    de Waal, Luuk
    KWR Water Cycle Res Inst, Groningenhaven 7, NL-3433 PE Nieuwegein, Netherlands..
    Bruning, Harry
    WUR, Dept Environm Technol, Wageningen, Netherlands..
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik.
    van der Wal, Albert
    WUR, Dept Environm Technol, Wageningen, Netherlands.;Evides Water Co NV, Schaardijk 150, NL-3063 NH Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    Impact of phosphate, silicate and natural organic matter on the size of Fe(III) precipitates and arsenate co-precipitation efficiency in calcium containing water2020Ingår i: Separation and Purification Technology, ISSN 1383-5866, E-ISSN 1873-3794, Vol. 235, artikel-id 116117Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Removal of arsenic (As) from water by co-precipitation with Fe(III) (oxyhydr)oxides is a widely used technique in water treatment. Nevertheless, As removal efficiency appears to be sensitive to the composition of the water matrix. The aim of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of the independent and combined effects of silicate (Si), phosphate (P), natural organic matter (NOM) and calcium (Ca) on arsenate [As(V)] co-precipitation efficiency and the size of Fe(III) precipitates. We found that, in complex solutions, containing multiple solutes and high levels of Ca, (variations in) Si and P concentrations reduce As(V) removal to some extent, mainly due to a decreased adsorption of As(V) onto Fe(III) precipitates. On the other hand, NOM concentrations reduced As(V) removal to a much greater extent, due to possible formation of mobile Fe(III)-NOM complexes that were difficult to remove by filtration. These findings have a great significance for predicting As(V) removal as a function of seasonal and process-related water quality changes at water treatment plants.

  • 11.
    Ahmad, Arslan
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik. Hoofd Ingenieursbureau, Brabant Water N.V., 's-Hertogenbosch, Netherlands .
    Van De Wetering, S.
    Groenendijk, M.
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik.
    Advanced Oxidation-Coagulation-Filtration (AOCF) - An innovative treatment technology for targeting drinking water with <1 μg/L of arsenic2014Ingår i: One Century of the Discovery of Arsenicosis in Latin America (1914-2014): As 2014 - Proceedings of the 5th International Congress on Arsenic in the Environment, CRC Press, 2014, s. 817-819Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Advanced Oxidation-Coagulation-Filtration (AOCF) has been investigated for producing drinking water with less than 1 μg L-1 of As through a series of bench scale and pilot scale experiments. At bench scale, the suitable coagulant, its combination dose with KMnO4 oxidant, the optimum process pH and kinetics of As removal were determined. The optimized AOCF technique was capable of consistently reducing the As concentration to below 1 μg L-1 when implemented at pilot scale and did not adversely affect the already existing removal processes of Fe, Mn and NH4 +. Dual media filter solved the filter run time reduction issue.

  • 12.
    Ahmad, Arslan
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik. KWR Water Cycle Res Inst, Nieuwegein, Netherlands.;WUR, Dept Environm Technol, Wageningen, Netherlands.;Evides Water Co NV, Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    van der Wal, Albert
    WUR, Dept Environm Technol, Wageningen, Netherlands.;Evides Water Co NV, Rotterdam, Netherlands..
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik. Univ Southern Queensland, Int Ctr Appl Climate Sci, Toowoomba, Qld, Australia..
    van Genuchten, Case M.
    Geol Survey Denmark & Greenland GEUS, Geochem Dept, Copenhagen, Denmark.;Univ Utrecht, Fac Geosci, Dept Earth Sci Geochem, Utrecht, Netherlands..
    Characteristics of Fe and Mn bearing precipitates generated by Fe(II) and Mn(II) co-oxidation with O-2, MnO4 and HOCl in the presence of groundwater ions2019Ingår i: Water Research, ISSN 0043-1354, E-ISSN 1879-2448, Vol. 161, s. 505-516Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    In this work, we combined macroscopic measurements of precipitate aggregation and chemical composition (Mn/Fe solids ratio) with Fe and Mn K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy to investigate the solids formed by co-oxidation of Fe(II) and Mn(II) with O-2, MnO4, and HOCl in the presence of groundwater ions. In the absence of the strongly sorbing oxyanions, phosphate (P) and silicate (Si), and calcium (Ca), O-2 and HOCl produced suspensions that aggregated rapidly, whereas co-oxidation of Fe(II) and Mn(II) by MnO4 generated colloidally stable suspensions. The aggregation of all suspensions decreased in P and Si solutions, but Ca counteracted these oxyanion effects. The speciation of oxidized Fe and Mn in the absence of P and Si also depended on the oxidant, with O-2 producing Mn(III)-incorporated lepidocrocite (Mn/Fe = 0.01-0.02 mol/mol), HOCl producing Mn(III)-incorporated hydrous ferric oxide (HFO) (Mn/Fe = 0.08 mol/mol), and MnO4 producing poorly-ordered MnO2 and HFO (Mn/Fe > 0.5 mol/mol). In general, the presence of P and Si decreased the crystallinity of the Fe(III) phase and increased the Mn/Fe solids ratio, which was found by Mn K-edge XAS analysis to be due to an increase in surface-bound Mn(II). By contrast, Ca decreased the Mn/Fe solids ratio and decreased the fraction of Mn(II) associated with the solids, suggesting that Ca and Mn(II) compete for sorption sites. Based on these results, we discuss strategies to optimize the design (i.e. filter bed operation and chemical dosing) of water treatment plants that aim to remove Fe(II) and Mn(II) by co-oxidation.

  • 13.
    Ahmad, Arslan
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik. Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University and Research (WUR), Wageningen, Netherlands.
    van der Wens, Patrick
    Brabant Water NV Breda, Breda, Netherlands..
    Baken, Kirsten
    KWR Water Cycle Res Inst, Groningenhaven 7, NL-3433 PE Nieuwegein, Netherlands..
    de Waal, Luuk
    KWR Water Cycle Res Inst, Groningenhaven 7, NL-3433 PE Nieuwegein, Netherlands..
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik.
    Stuyfzand, Pieter
    KWR Water Cycle Res Inst, Groningenhaven 7, NL-3433 PE Nieuwegein, Netherlands.;Delft Univ Technol, Dept Geosci & Engn, Delft, Netherlands..
    Arsenic reduction to < 1 mu g/L in Dutch drinking water2020Ingår i: Environment International, ISSN 0160-4120, E-ISSN 1873-6750, Vol. 134, artikel-id 105253Artikel, forskningsöversikt (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Arsenic (As) is a highly toxic element which naturally occurs in drinking water. In spite of substantial evidence on the association between many illnesses and chronic consumption of As, there is still a considerable uncertainty about the health risks due to low As concentrations in drinking water. In the Netherlands, drinking water companies aim to supply water with As concentration of < 1 mu g/L - a water quality goal which is tenfold more stringent than the current WHO guideline. This paper provides (i) an account on the assessed lung cancer risk for the Dutch population due to pertinent low-level As in drinking water and cost-comparison between health care provision and As removal from water, (ii) an overview of As occurrence and mobility in drinking water sources and water treatment systems in the Netherlands and (iii) insights into As removal methods that have been employed or under investigation to achieve As reduction to < 1 mu g/L at Dutch water treatment plants. Lowering of the average As concentration to < 1 mu g/L in the Netherlands is shown to result in an annual benefit of 7.2-14 M(sic). This study has a global significance for setting drinking water As limits and provision of safe drinking water.

  • 14.
    Ahmed, Firoz
    et al.
    Noakhali Sci & Technol Univ, Dept Microbiol, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh..
    Islam, Md Aminul
    Noakhali Sci & Technol Univ, Dept Microbiol, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh..
    Kumar, Manish
    Indian Inst Technol, Discipline Earth Sci, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India..
    Hossain, Maqsud
    North South Univ, NSU Genome Res Inst NGRI, Dept Biochem & Microbiol, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh..
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik.
    Islam, MD Tahmidul
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik.
    Hossen, Foysal
    Noakhali Sci & Technol Univ, Dept Microbiol, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh..
    Hossain, Md Shahadat
    Noakhali Sci & Technol Univ, Dept Biotechnol & Genet Engn, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh..
    Islam, Md Sydul
    Noakhali Sci & Technol Univ, Dept Appl Chem & Chem Engn, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh..
    Uddin, Md Main
    Noakhali Sci & Technol Univ, Dept Biotechnol & Genet Engn, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh..
    Islam, Md Nur
    Noakhali Sci & Technol Univ, Dept Biotechnol & Genet Engn, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh..
    Bahadur, Newaz Mohammed
    Noakhali Sci & Technol Univ, Dept Appl Chem & Chem Engn, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh..
    Didar-Ul-Alam, Md
    Noakhali Sci & Technol Univ, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh..
    Reza, Hasan Mahmud
    North South Univ, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh..
    Jakariya, Md
    North South Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Management, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh..
    First detection of SARS-CoV-2 genetic material in the vicinity of COVID-19 isolation Centre in Bangladesh: Variation along the sewer network2021Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 776, artikel-id 145724Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    We made the first and successful attempt to detect SARS-CoV-2 genetic material in the vicinity wastewaters of an isolation centre i.e. Shaheed Bhulu Stadium, situated at Noakhali, Southeastern Bangladesh. Owing to the fact that isolation centre, in general, always contained a constant number of 200 COVID-19 patients, the prime objective of the study was to check if several drains carrying RNA of coronavirus are actually getting diluted or accumulated along with the sewage network. Our finding suggested that while the temporal variation of the genetic load decreased in small drains over the span of 50 days, the main sewer exhibited accumulation of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Other interesting finding displays that probably distance of sampling location in meters is not likely to have a significant impact on the detected gene concentration, although the quantity of the RNA extracted in the downstream of the drain was higher. These findings are of immense value from the perspective of wastewater surveillance of COVID-19, as they largely imply that we do not need to monitor every wastewater system, and probably major drains monitoring may illustrate the city health. Perhaps, we are reporting the accumulation of SARS-CoV-2 genetic material along with the sewer network i.e. from primary to tertiary drains. The study sought further data collection in this line to simulate conditions prevailed in most of the developing countries and to shed further light on decay/accumulation processes of the genetic load of the SARS-COV-2.

  • 15. Ahmed, K. M.
    et al.
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik.
    Groundwater arsenic mitigation in Bangladesh: Two decades of advancements in scientific research and policy instruments2014Ingår i: One Century of the Discovery of Arsenicosis in Latin America (1914-2014): As 2014 - Proceedings of the 5th International Congress on Arsenic in the Environment, 2014, s. 886-888Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Two decades have passed since the first detection of arsenic above allowable limits in groundwater of Bangladesh. A good number of scientific research and mitigation projects have so far been completed but still today more than 22 million people are exposed to arsenic leaves of 50 μg L-1 or more. As there are many untested new wells, it is not precisely known how many people are exposed to what level. Scientific knowledge about occurrences, distribution and release mechanisms have enhanced significantly. Although deep tube wells have emerged as the most effective mitigation measure over most of the country, still there are areas where this does not work. Recent studies reported effectiveness of alternative options like intermediate deep wells and subsurface arsenic removal. There has been a major paradigm shift in the policy arena regarding arsenic mitigation.

  • 16. Ahmed, K. M.
    et al.
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Mark- och vattenteknik, Miljögeokemi och ekoteknik.
    Hasan, M. A.
    Rahman, M
    von Brömssen, Mattias
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Mark- och vattenteknik, Miljögeokemi och ekoteknik.
    Jacks, Gunnar
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Mark- och vattenteknik, Miljögeokemi och ekoteknik.
    Hossain, Mohammed
    Islam, M. Mainul
    Rahman, Marina
    Rashid, S.M.A.
    Sustainable Arsenic Mitigation (SASMIT) in Bangladesh: The Matlab strategy2010Ingår i: Abstracts with programs (Geological Society of America), ISSN 0016-7592, Vol. 42, nr 5, s. 652-Artikel i tidskrift (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
  • 17. Ahmed, K. M.
    et al.
    Sultana, S.
    Hasan, M. A.
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Mark- och vattenteknik, Miljögeokemi och ekoteknik.
    Hasan, M. K.
    Burgess, W. K.
    Hoque, M. A.
    Groundwater quality contrasts between Upper and Lower Dupi Tila Aquifers in Megacity Dhaka, Bangladesh2011Ingår i: Groundwater quality contrasts between Upper and Lower Dupi Tila Aquifers in Megacity Dhaka, Bangladesh: Proc. 7th International Groundwater Quality Conference, 2011, s. 71-74Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Dhaka is one of the fastest growing megacities of the world and is set to become the third largest by 2025. Currently about 86% of the municipal water supply comes from over 500 wells drilled in the Dupi Tila aquifers underlying the city. The Upper Dupi Tila aquifer (UDTA) is overexploited and a large part has been dewatered; abstractions from the lower Dupi Tila started only recently. Results of water analysis and EC surveys have been used to decipher the variations in groundwater quality in the UDTA and LDTA. EC surveys reveal a systematic deterioration of water quality in the vicinity of the Buriganga River in southeast Dhaka. The UDTA is more widely affected by anthropogenic processes than the LDTA, which still largely exhibits its intrinsic water quality characteristics. Regular monitoring and proper management practices are essential to protect the quality of this precarious resource.

  • 18. Ahmed, K. M.
    et al.
    van Geen, A.
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, Vatten- och miljöteknik.
    Implementation of arsenic mitigation: Insights from Araihazar and Matlab – two extensively studied areas in Bangladesh2018Ingår i: Environmental Arsenic in a ChangingWorld - 7th International Congress and Exhibition Arsenic in the Environment, 2018, CRC Press/Balkema , 2018, s. 565-566Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Despite many efforts over the last 25 years, millions of people are still drinking groundwater having arsenic above Bangladesh and World Health Organization limits. This can be linked, to some extent, to a lack of pragmatic policies and implementation strategies. Important lessons have been learned from extensive studies in Araihazar and Matlab in Bangladesh. Also better mitigation strategies for reducing arsenic exposure have been demonstrated at both locations. New policy and mitigation strategies should focus on mapping using mobile technology for village scale mapping. Dissemination of test result is extremely important in increasing awareness of the users and a new three-color scheme (Blue, Green, Red corresponding to &lt;10, 10–50, and &gt;50 µg L−1) instead of existing Red-Green color scheme should be adopted to lower arsenic intake. Safe wells can be installed at appropriate locations and depth by combining hydrogeological and social criteria aided by applications-based score ranking.

  • 19.
    Ahmed, K. Matin
    et al.
    Univ Dhaka, Dept Geol.
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Tidigare Institutioner (före 2005), Mark- och vattenteknik.
    Hasan, Md. Aziz
    Univ Dhaka, Dept Geol.
    Akhter, S. Humayun
    Univ Dhaka, Dept Geol.
    Alam, S. M. Mahbub
    Univ Dhaka, Dept Geol.
    Bhuyian, M. A. Hossain
    Univ Dhaka, Dept Geol.
    Imam, M. Badrul
    Univ Dhaka, Dept Geol.
    Khan, Aftab A.
    Univ Dhaka, Dept Geol.
    Sracek, Ondra
    Masaryk Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Mineral Petrol & Geochem.
    Arsenic enrichment in groundwater of the alluvial aquifers in Bangladesh: an overview2004Ingår i: Applied Geochemistry, ISSN 0883-2927, E-ISSN 1872-9134, Vol. 19, nr 2, s. 181-200Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Arsenic in the groundwater of Bangladesh is a serious natural calamity and a public health hazard. Most groundwater from the shallow alluvial aquifers (<150 m), particularly in the Holocene plain lands, are vulnerable to As-enrichment. Delta plains and flood plains of the Ganges-Brahmaputra river system are moderately to severely enriched and more than 60% of the tube wells are affected. Shallow aquifers in the Meghna river basin and coastal plains are extremely enriched with more than 80% of the tube wells affected. Aquifers in the Pleistocene uplands and Tertiary hills are low in As. The vertical lithofacies sequence of the sediments from highly enriched areas of the country show two distinct lithofacies associations-a dominantly sandy channel-fill association and a fine-grained over bank association. The sediments can be grouped into 4 distinct lithofacies, viz. clay, silty clay, silty sand and sand. Thin section petrography of the As-enriched aquifer sands shows that the sands are of quartzolithic type and derived from the collision suture and fold thrust belt of the recycled orogen provenance. Groundwater is characterized by circum-neutral pH with a moderate to strong reducing nature. The waters are generally of Ca-Mg-HCO3 or Ca-Na-HCO3 type, with HCO3- as the principal anion. Low SO42- and NO3-, and high dissolved organic C (DOC) and NH4+ concentrations are typical chemical characteristics of groundwater. The presence of dissolved sulfides in these groundwaters indicates reduction Of SO4. Total As concentration in the analyzed wells vary between 2.5 and 846 mug l(-1) with a dominance of As(III) species (67-99%). Arsenic(III) concentrations were fairly consistent with the DOC and NH4+ contents. The HNO3 extractable concentrations of As (As-NO3) in the sediments (0.5-17.7 mg kg(-1)), indicate a significant positive correlation with Fe-NO3, Mn-NO3, Al-NO3 and P-NO3. The concentrations Of S-NO3 (816-1306 mg kg(-1)) peaked in the clay sediments with high organic matter (up to 4.5 wt.%). Amounts of oxalate extractable As (As..) and Fe (Fe x) ranged between 0.1-8.6 mg kg(-1) and 0.4-5.9 g kg(-1), respectively. Arsenic(ox) was positively correlated with Fe-ox, Mn-ox, and Al-ox in these sediments. Insignificant amounts of opaque minerals (including pyrite/arsenopyrite) and the presence of high As contents in finer sediments suggests that some As is incorporated in the authigenically precipitated sulfides in the reducing sediments. Moreover, the chemical extractions suggest the presence of siderite and vivianite as solid phases, which may control the aqueous chemistry of Fe and PO43-. Reductive dissolution of Fe oxyhydroxide present as coatings on sand grains as well as altered mica (biotite) is envisaged as the main mechanism for the release of As into groundwater in the sandy aquifer sediments.

  • 20. Ahmed, K.M
    et al.
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Tidigare Institutioner (före 2005), Anläggning och miljö.
    Hasan, M.A
    Akhter, S.H
    Alam, S.M.M
    Bhuyian, M.A.H
    Imam, M.B
    Khan, A.A
    Sracek, O
    Arsenic contamination in grounwater of alluvial aquifers in Bangladesh: An overview2004Ingår i: Applied Geochemistry, ISSN 0883-2927, E-ISSN 1872-9134, Vol. 19, nr 2, s. 181-200Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
  • 21.
    Alam, Mohammad Ayaz
    et al.
    Univ Santiago De Chile, Fac Ingn, Dept Ingn Geoespacial & Ambiental, Enr Kirberg Baltiansky n 03, Estn Cent, Santiago, Metropolitana, Chile..
    Mukherjee, Abhijit
    Indian Inst Technol Kharagpur, Dept Geol & Geophys, Kharagpur, W Bengal, India..
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, Vatten- och miljöteknik.
    Bundschuh, Jochen
    Univ Southern Queensland, Fac Hlth Engn & Sci, Sch Engn, West St, Toowoomba, Qld, Australia..
    An appraisal of the principal concerns and controlling factors for Arsenic contamination in Chile2023Ingår i: Scientific Reports, E-ISSN 2045-2322, Vol. 13, nr 1Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Although geogenic Arsenic (As) contamination is well-recognized in northern Chile, it is not restricted to this part of the country, as the geological conditions favoring As release to the human environment exist across the country as well, although not at the same level, based on comparatively fewer studies in central and southern Chile. The present work provides a critical evaluation of As sources, pathways, and controls with reports and case studies from across the country based on an exhaustive bibliographic review of its reported geogenic sources and processes that affect its occurrence, systematization, and critical revision of this information. Arc magmatism and associated geothermal activities, identified as the primary As sources, are present across the Chilean Andes, except for the Pampean Flat Slab and Patagonian Volcanic Gap. Metal sulfide ore zones, extending from the country's far north to the south-central part, are the second most important geogenic As source. While natural leaching of As-rich mineral deposits contaminates the water in contact, associated mining, and metallurgical activities result in additional As release into the human environment through mining waste and tailings. Moreover, crustal thickness has been suggested as a principal controlling factor for As release, whose southward decrease has been correlated with lower As values.

  • 22.
    Alam, M.S.
    et al.
    Memorial University of Newfoundland, Canada.
    Ahmed, Kazi Matin
    University of Dhaka, Bangladesh.
    Hasan, M.A.
    University of Dhaka, Bangladesh.
    Hossain, Muhammed
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Mark- och vattenteknik, Miljögeokemi och ekoteknik.
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Mark- och vattenteknik, Miljögeokemi och ekoteknik.
    Controls of sedimentary facies on arsenic mobilization in shallow aquifers of the Matlab North Upazila, southeastern Bangladesh2013Konferensbidrag (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
    Abstract [en]

    Groundwater extracted from shallow (<100 m bgl) Holocene alluvial aquifers, is the primary source of drinking water in Matlab North Upazila, Southeast Bangladesh. The distribution of lithofacies and its relation to hydrochemistry in such heterogeneous deposits are of fundamental importance for the analysis of groundwater quality. Aquifer sediment samples were collected from 48 locations throughout the study area. Lithofacies distribution was characterized using grain size and sediment colors. Channel fills (sandy) and over bank (silt-clay) deposits the two main lithofacies groups, were identified. These sandy deposits represent an active meandering river or channel fills sediment sequence, which are usually capped by silts and clays of an over bank sediment sequence. All the collected sediments samples were generalized and subdivided based on four distinct color variations, such as Black, White, Off-white, and Red according to Munsell color chart and water-well drillers’ perception.

    Mineral compositions showed variability with the sediment color and grain size. Red and off-white sediments contain fewer amounts of metastable minerals (hornblende, actinolite, kyanite and pyroxenes etc.) than that of black sediments, whereas black sediments contain higher amount of biotite. The relatively high content of biotite and other dark colored ferromagnesian minerals are responsible for the black and grayish color of these sediments. Ferruginous coating on silicates, particularly on quartz grains, gives the red and off-white coloration. Based on the available information regarding sediment colors of aquifers in which tubewell screens were placed, 44 domestic hand pumped tubewells (HTWs) were selected for water sampling. The groundwater abstracted from black sediments of shallow aquifer showed higher concentrations in DOC (median: 5.81 mg/L), dissolved NH

    4+ (median: 3.47 mg/L), PO43- (median: 1.36 mg/L), Fe (median: 4.87 mg/L), As (median: 252.53 μg/L) and relatively low Mn (median: 0.54 mg/L) and SO42-(median: 0.59 mg/L) concentrations, whereas groundwater abstracted from off-white and red sediments of shallow aquifer showed lower concentrations in DOC (median: 1.95 and 1.71 mg/L, respectively), dissolved NH4+ (median: 0), PO43- (median: 0.14 and 0.04 mg/L, respectively), Fe (median: 2.25 and 0.63 mg/L, respectively), As (median: 17.36 and 15.05 μg/L, respectively) and relatively high Mn+2 (median: 1.12 and 1.15 mg/L, respectively) and SO42- (median: 0.79 and 0.78 mg/L, respectively) concentrations. The water samples collected from black sediments (median Eh: 211 mV) indicated most reducing environment, followed by white (median Eh: 227 mV), whereas off-white and red sediments (median Eh: 268 and 274 mV) signified less reducing environment. The study supports that the sediment colors in shallow aquifer can be a reliable indicator of high and low-As concentrations and can be a useful tool for local drillers to target arsenic safe aquifers.

  • 23. Ali, S.
    et al.
    Fakhri, Y.
    Golbini, M.
    Thakur, S. K.
    Alinejad, A.
    Parseh, I.
    Shekhar, S.
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik.
    Concentration of fluoride in groundwater of India: A systematic review, meta-analysis and risk assessment2019Ingår i: Groundwater for Sustainable Development, ISSN 2352-801X, Vol. 9, artikel-id 100224Artikel, forskningsöversikt (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    It is a well-known fact that the Indian groundwater is polluted by fluoride. However, for the first time in India, non-carcinogenic risk assessments and meta-analysis of fluoride exposure to humans were carried out due to consumption of groundwater. In this context, we collected fluoride concentration data in groundwater across India by systematic searches conducted in various international search engines databases. Here, we demonstrated a detailed meta-analysis and meta-regression of fluoride and evaluated health risk assessment. For this purpose, meta-analysis of 63 studies on fluoride in groundwater in India, comprising 57381 samples are included. We found that 1.) The pooled concentration of fluoride in India is around 2.37 mg/L with 95% confident interval (1.46–3.28 mg/L) which is higher than WHO and national standards limit of 1.5 mg/L. 2) The meta-analysis of data suggests that in rural parts of the country, fluoride concentration is 1.85 times higher than urban areas. 3) The concentration of fluoride in groundwater decreased significantly (p < 0.05) with increase in rainfall and longitude. The risk assessment via oral and dermal route exposure reveals that the consumers in majority of the regions are at considerable non-carcinogenic risk and children are at higher risk than adults (Total hazard quotient > 1). The findings are helpful in identifying the affected areas of India and we recommend that the safer options of drinking water should be adopted.

  • 24. Ali, S.
    et al.
    Shekhar, S.
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, Vatten- och miljöteknik.
    Verma, G.
    Chandrasekhar, T.
    Chandrashekhar, A. K.
    Elevated fluoride in groundwater of Siwani Block, Western Haryana, India: A potential concern for sustainable water supplies for drinking and irrigation2018Ingår i: Groundwater for Sustainable Development, ISSN 2352-801X, Vol. 7, s. 410-420Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Groundwater pollution is a serious health concern in north-western India. In this study, we have reported very high concentration of fluoride i.e. 18.5 and 16.6 mg/l from Sainiwas locality in Siwani block of Bhiwani district, Haryana, India. The values are much higher than the permissible limit set by WHO and BIS. The evapotranspiration in the area leads to Ca2+ precipitation, which allows an increase in F- content in the groundwater. In addition, the replacement of hydroxyl of secondary clay mineral under alkaline condition is responsible for release of F-. In absence of alternative source, the fluoride polluted groundwater in some of these localities is also used for drinking. Further, the suitability of groundwater for irrigation is also evaluated by various parameters such as Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Sodium Percentage (Na%), Kelly's Ratio (KR), Magnesium Hazard (MH) and Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC). It emerges out that in a few localities, groundwater is not suitable for irrigation and with respect to Magnesium Hazard (MH) almost all samples are unsuitable for irrigation. This article highlights groundwater quality of Siwani block in Haryana and proposes for immediate remedial measures. 

  • 25. Ali, S.
    et al.
    Shekhar, S.
    Chandrasekhar, T.
    Yadav, A. K.
    Arora, N. K.
    Kashyap, C. A.
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, Vatten- och miljöteknik.
    Rai, S. P.
    Pande, P.
    Chandrasekharam, D.
    Influence of the water–sediment interaction on the major ions chemistry and fluoride pollution in groundwater of the Older Alluvial Plains of Delhi, India2021Ingår i: Journal of Earth System Science, ISSN 2347-4327, Vol. 130, nr 2, artikel-id 98Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Fluoride (F–) pollution in groundwater of the Older Alluvial Plain (OAP) of Delhi has been reported as a major problem. About 34% of the groundwater samples collected for this study had F– level beyond the permissible limit; with F– concentration in the range of 0.14–3.15 mg/L (average 1.20 mg/L). In this context, this article for the first time attempts on the genesis of major ions chemistry and F– pollution in groundwater of OAP Delhi by going beyond the statistical analysis to sediment geochemistry, chemical weathering processes and understanding of the processes using stable environmental isotopes (2H and 18O). The XRD of the OAP sediments revealed the dominance of fluor-biotite, albite, calcite, quartz, and chlorite. Whereas, the separated clay revealed the dominance of chlorite, kaolinite, and illite minerals. The saturation index (SI) values indicated that the groundwater chemistry is in the process of further F– enrichment by way of sediment groundwater interaction. With the given mineralogy of the sediments, the dominance of major ions like Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl– and F– has been attributed to chemical weathering of biotites, phlogopites, albite, and calcite during sediment–water interaction. While the dominance of SO42– has been attributed to anthropogenic sources and confirmed by its association with heavier stable isotopes of hydrogen (δ2H: −50.44 to −40.02‰) and oxygen (δ18O: −7.19 to −5.62‰) indicating evaporative enrichment during isotopic fractionation.

  • 26.
    Amin, Nuhu
    et al.
    Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res Bangladesh Icddr B, Infect Dis Div, Dhaka, Bangladesh.;Univ Technol Sydney, Inst Sustainable Futures, 235 Jones St, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia..
    Haque, Rehnuma
    Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res Bangladesh Icddr B, Infect Dis Div, Dhaka, Bangladesh.;Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Stanford, CA USA..
    Rahman, Md. Ziaur
    Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res Bangladesh Icddr B, Infect Dis Div, Dhaka, Bangladesh..
    Rahman, Mohammed Ziaur
    Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res Bangladesh Icddr B, Infect Dis Div, Dhaka, Bangladesh..
    Mahmud, Zahid Hayat
    Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res Bangladesh Icddr B, Infect Dis Div, Dhaka, Bangladesh..
    Hasan, Rezaul
    Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res Bangladesh Icddr B, Infect Dis Div, Dhaka, Bangladesh..
    Islam, MD Tahmidul
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik. WaterAid, Dhaka, Bangladesh..
    Sarker, Protim
    Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res Bangladesh Icddr B, Infect Dis Div, Dhaka, Bangladesh..
    Sarker, Supriya
    Directorate Gen Hlth Serv DGHS, Dhaka, Bangladesh..
    Adnan, Shaikh Daud
    Directorate Gen Hlth Serv DGHS, Dhaka, Bangladesh..
    Akter, Nargis
    UNICEF, Water Sanitat & Hyg WASH Sect, Dhaka, Bangladesh..
    Johnston, Dara
    UNICEF, Water Sanitat & Hyg WASH Sect, Dhaka, Bangladesh..
    Rahman, Mahbubur
    Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res Bangladesh Icddr B, Infect Dis Div, Dhaka, Bangladesh.;Inst Epidemiol Dis Control & Res IEDCR, Dhaka, Bangladesh..
    Liu, Pengbo
    Emory Univ, Ctr Global Safe Water Sanitat & Hyg, Atlanta, GA USA..
    Wang, Yuke
    Emory Univ, Ctr Global Safe Water Sanitat & Hyg, Atlanta, GA USA..
    Shirin, Tahmina
    Inst Epidemiol Dis Control & Res IEDCR, Dhaka, Bangladesh..
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, Vatten- och miljöteknik.
    Dependency of sanitation infrastructure on the discharge of faecal coliform and SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA in wastewater from COVID and non-COVID hospitals in Dhaka, Bangladesh2023Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 867, artikel-id 161424Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA in wastewater can be used as an indicator of the presence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in specific catchment areas. We conducted a hospital-based study to explore wastewater management in healthcare facilities and analyzed SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the hospital wastewater in Dhaka city during the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak between September 2020-January 2021. We selected three COVID-hospitals, two non-COVID-hospitals, and one non-COVID-hospital with COVID wards, conducted spot-checks of the sanitation systems (i.e., toilets, drainage, and septic-tank), and collected 90 untreated wastewater effluent samples (68 from COVID and 22 from non-COVID hospitals). E. coli was detected using a membrane filtration technique and reported as colony forming unit (CFU). SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected using the iTaq Universal Probes One-Step kit for RT-qPCR amplification of the SARS-CoV-2 ORF1ab and N gene targets and quantified for SARS-CoV-2 genome equivalent copies (GEC) per mL of sample. None of the six hospitals had a primary wastewater treatment facility; two COVID hospitals had functional septic tanks, and the rest of the hospitals had either broken onsite systems or no containment of wastewater. Overall, 100 % of wastewater samples were positive with a high concentration of E.coli (mean = 7.0 log10 CFU/100 mL). Overall, 67 % (60/90) samples were positive for SARS-CoV-2. The highest SARS-CoV-2 concentrations (median: 141 GEC/mL; range: 13-18,214) were detected in wastewater from COVID-hospitals, and in non-COVID-hospitals, the median SARS-CoV-2 concentration was 108 GEC/mL (range: 30-1829). Our results indicate that high concentrations of E. coli and SARS-CoV-2 were discharged through the hospital wastewa-ter (both COVID and non-COVID) without treatment into the ambient water bodies. Although there is no evidence for transmission of SARS-CoV-2 via wastewater, this study highlights the significant risk posed by wastewater from health care facilities in Dhaka for the many other diseases that are spread via faecal oral route. Hospitals in low-income settings could function as sentinel sites to monitor outbreaks through wastewater-based epidemiological surveillance systems. Hospitals should aim to adopt the appropriate wastewater treatment technologies to reduce the discharge of pathogens into the environment and mitigate environmental exposures.

  • 27.
    Amin, Nuhu
    et al.
    Icddr, Dhaka, Bangladesh..
    Haque, Rehnuma
    Icddr, Dhaka, Bangladesh..
    Rahman, Md. Ziaur
    Icddr, Dhaka, Bangladesh..
    Rahman, Mohammed Ziaur
    Icddr, Dhaka, Bangladesh..
    Mahmud, Zahid Hayat
    Icddr, Dhaka, Bangladesh..
    Hasan, Rezaul
    Icddr, Dhaka, Bangladesh..
    Sarker, Supriya
    Directorate Gen Hlth Serv DGHS, Dhaka, Bangladesh..
    Akter, Nargis
    UNICEF, Dhaka, Bangladesh..
    Johnston, Dara
    UNICEF, Dhaka, Bangladesh..
    Rahman, Mahbubur
    Icddr, Dhaka, Bangladesh..
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, Vatten- och miljöteknik.
    Hospitals In Dhaka And Discharge Of Wastewater With High Sars-Cov-2 Viral Rna Genetic Loadings: An Assessment Of Potential Environmental Health Risk2021Ingår i: American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, ISSN 0002-9637, E-ISSN 1476-1645, Vol. 105, nr 5, s. 265-266Artikel i tidskrift (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
  • 28. Amiri, V.
    et al.
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik. iversity of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia.
    Nakhaei, M.
    The hydrogeochemical evaluation of groundwater resources and their suitability for agricultural and industrial uses in an arid area of Iran2021Ingår i: Groundwater for Sustainable Development, ISSN 2352-801X, Vol. 12, artikel-id 100527Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The hydrogeochemical and quality status of groundwater resources in Yazd province, the central plateau of Iran, has been investigated. The most common water type, followed by chemical facies in this study area, is Cl type (with 50.46%) and Na–Cl facies (47.71%), respectively. Besides, the most samples with industrial and agricultural uses show the Cl type and Na–Cl hydrochemical facies. The position of samples on the Gibbs and van Wirdum diagrams indicate that the water-rock interaction and dissolution of evaporites are the main controlling process of water chemistry. Distribution of samples based on Na/Cl vs. EC, Ca + Mg vs. SO4 + HCO3, and Na–Cl vs. Ca + Mg–SO4–HCO3 highlight the significant role of direct ion exchange in water chemistry change. The water quality for agricultural use is assessed based on some indices including EC, Na%, sodium absorption ratio (SAR), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), magnesium absorption ratio (MAR), permeability index (PI), Kelly's ratio (KR), and Wilcox diagram. In general, the water quality for irrigation purposes is mainly excellent to permissible. The water quality assessment for industrial purposes is performed using some indices including Langelier Saturation Index (LSI), Ryznar Stability Index (RSI), Larson-Skold Index (L-SI), Puckorious scaling index (PSI), and total hardness (TH). Based on these indices, most groundwater samples have mild to high potential to corrode the equipment and pipelines.

  • 29. Amiri, V.
    et al.
    Kamrani, S.
    Ahmad, A.
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik.
    Mansoori, J.
    Groundwater quality evaluation using Shannon information theory and human health risk assessment in Yazd province, central plateau of Iran2020Ingår i: Environmental Science and Pollution Research, ISSN 0944-1344, E-ISSN 1614-7499Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    This study aims to evaluate the quality of groundwater in the most arid province of Iran, Yazd. It is highly dependent on groundwater resources to meet the domestic, industrial, and agricultural water demand. Position of water samples on the modified Gibbs diagram demonstrates that the interaction with silicates and the increase in direct cation exchange are responsible for the increased salinity of groundwater. Based on entropy theory, the decreasing order of importance of variables in controlling groundwater chemistry is Fe &gt; As &gt; Ba &gt; Hg &gt; NO2 &gt; Pb &gt; K &gt; Cl &gt; Na &gt; Mg &gt; SO4 &gt; NO3 &gt; HCO3 &gt; Ca. The results of entropy weighted water quality index (EWWQI) calculation show that about 34 and 32% of 206 samples in the wet and dry seasons, respectively, are classified as extremely poor quality (ranks 4 and 5). Approximately 60 and 55% of 206 samples in wet and dry seasons, respectively, have excellent, good, and medium quality (ranks 1, 2, and 3). The non-carcinogenic human health risk (NHHR) from intake and dermal contact pathways using deterministic approach show that 36 and 17 samples in both seasons are not suitable for drinking by children. Furthermore, 9 and 2 samples are not suitable for drinking by adults. The results show that children are more vulnerable than adults to these health risks. The non-carcinogenic risks through dermal contact were negligible.

  • 30.
    Amiri, Vahab
    et al.
    Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran.
    Li, Peiyue
    School of Water and Environment, Chang’an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi’an, 710054, China Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang’an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi’an, 710054, China.
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, Vatten- och miljöteknik. KWR Water Cycle Research Institute, Groningenhaven 7, 3433 PE, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands.
    Nakhaei, Mohammad
    Department of Applied Geology, Faculty of Earth Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
    Mercury pollution in the coastal Urmia aquifer in northwestern Iran: potential sources, mobility, and toxicity2021Ingår i: Environmental Science and Pollution Research, ISSN 0944-1344, E-ISSN 1614-7499, Vol. 28, nr 14, s. 17546-17562Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The concentration of total dissolved mercury (HgT) in surface and groundwater resources in the coastal parts of Urmia aquifer (NW of Iran) was investigated to identify the possible sources and sinks of mercury and the geochemical mechanisms controlling its mobilization. The distribution of water samples on the Piper diagram demonstrates that most samples have the Ca-Mg-HCO3 facies. From 62 water samples collected in this area, one sample contained HgT concentrations exceeding the maximum contaminant level recommended by the WHO (6 μg/L). The principal component analysis (PCA) produced five principal components. The positive moderate correlation of HgT with EC, Cl, K, Mg, and Na indicated that the weathering of geological formations was one of the main sources of mercury in groundwater samples. Position of water samples in Eh-pH regions where microorganisms involved in mercury methylation and mineralization were potentially active demonstrated that the aquifer had undergone sulfate reduction and had reached the final stage of the terminal electron accepting process (TEAP) sequence in the methane production processes which are limited to only 37% of the water samples that have anaerobic conditions. Some Hg-bearing species are in nonequilibrium geochemical conditions. The supersaturation of water samples with magnetite and goethite indicated that these Fe-bearing minerals could act as the strong reducing agents for the reduction of Hg(II) to Hg(0).

  • 31. Amofah, Lea Rastas
    et al.
    Maurice, Christian
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Mark- och vattenteknik.
    Extraction of Arsenic from Soils Contaminated with Wood Preservation Chemicals2010Ingår i: Soil & sediment contamination, ISSN 1532-0383, E-ISSN 1549-7887, Vol. 19, nr 2, s. 142-159Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Three soil samples contaminated by chromated zinc arsenate (CZA) or chromated copper arsenate (CCA) were investigated in a laboratory scale to study As mobilization and to identify a chemical agent that could be used in soil washing to extract arsenic. Besides high As extraction, the cost, occupational health issues and technical aspects were considered when selecting the chemical. Arsenic is strongly bound to CZA/CCA soils; only similar to 50% of the tot-As was removed from water-washed soils. High Fe or Al mobilization is not necessarily indicative of high As removal from CZA/CCA soils. A high Cu/As-ratio and a large amount of soluble Ca in the soil hampered As extraction. The high ratio can be an indication of stable Cu-arsenates in soil. Calcium can react with the extraction agent or with As during extraction. Sodium hydroxide, dithionite with citrate (and oxalate) (dithionite solutions), and oxalate with citrate were the most efficient chemicals for removing As from the soils. The disadvantages of using these strong chemicals are: a high cost (oxalate with citrate); damage to equipment (dithionite solutions); an adverse impact on occupational health (dithionite solutions); or a deterioration in soil quality after extraction (NaOH and dithionite solutons). Phosphate, solutions based on NH2OH center dot HCl, or citrate were not efficient in mobilizing As from the soils.

  • 32. Amofah, Lea Rastas
    et al.
    Maurice, Christian
    Kumpiene, Jurate
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Mark- och vattenteknik.
    The influence of temperature, pH/molarity and extractant on the removal of arsenic, chromium and zinc from contaminated soil2011Ingår i: Journal of Soils and Sediments, ISSN 1439-0108, E-ISSN 1614-7480, Vol. 11, nr 8, s. 1334-1344Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose Normal soil washing leave high residual pollutant content in soil. The remediation could be improved by targeting the extraction to coarser fractions. Further, a low/high extraction pH and higher temperature enhance the pollutant removal, but these measures are costly. In this study, the utility of NaOH, oxalate-citrate (OC) and dithionite-citrate-oxalate (DCO) solutions for extracting of arsenic, chromium and zinc from contaminated soil were assessed and compared. In addition the effects of NaOH concentration and temperature on NaOH extractions, and those of temperature and pH on OC and DCO extractions, were evaluated. Materials and methods A two-level, full-factorial design with a centre point was implemented. Two factors, concentration and temperature,were evaluated in NaOH extractions, and pH and temperature for OC and DCO solutions. In all cases, the extraction temperature was 20A degrees C, 30A degrees C and 40A degrees C. The studied NaOH concentrations were 0.05, 0.075 and 0.1 M. The pH in OC solutions was 3, 5 and 7, and in DCO solutions, 4.7, 6.3 and 6.7. Water-washed and medium coarse soil fraction of arsenic, chromium and zinc contaminated soil was agitated for 15 min with the extraction solution. Results and discussion In NaOH extractions, the temperature and (less strongly) NaOH concentration significantly affected As and Cr mobilisation, but only the latter affected Zn mobilisation. Both pH and temperature significantly (and similarly) influenced As and Cr mobilisation in OC extractions, while only the pH influenced Zn mobilisation. In contrast, the extraction temperature (but not pH) influenced As, Cr and Zn mobilisation in DCO extractions. Conclusions For all extractants, mobilisation was most efficient at elevated temperature (40A degrees C). None of the extractants reduced the soil's As content to below the Swedish EPA's guideline value. Use of DCO is not recommended because dithionite has a short lifetime and residual arsenic contents in DCO-extracted soil are relatively high. Instead, sequential extraction with NaOH followed by OC solutions (affording significant reductions in As, Cr and Zn levels in the soil with short extraction times) at 40A degrees C is recommended.

  • 33.
    Annaduzzaman, Md
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik. Sanitary Engineering Section, Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN, Delft, The Netherlands.
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik.
    Biswas, Ashis
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India.
    Hossain, M.
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik. NGO Forum for Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation, Block-E, Lalmatia, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh.
    Ahmed, K. M.
    van Halem, D.
    Arsenic and manganese in shallow tubewells: validation of platform color as a screening tool in Bangladesh2018Ingår i: Groundwater for Sustainable Development, ISSN 2352-801X, Vol. 6, s. 181-188Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    This study aimed to evaluate the potential of handpump tubewell platform color as a low-cost, quick and convenient screening tool for As and Mn in drinking water tubewells. For this study, groundwater samples and corresponding tubewell platform pictures were collected from 272 shallow tubewells in Matlab Upazila of South-Eastern Bangladesh. The result shows that arsenic concentration within the surveyed (n = 272) tubewells, 99% (n = 269) exceeded the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline value of 10 µg/L, and 98% (n = 267) exceeded the Bangladesh drinking water standards (BDWS) of 50 µg/L. In relation to the platform color concept, within 233 (total 272) red colored platform tubewells, 230 (99%) exceeded the WHO guideline value of 10 µg/L, and 229 (98%) tubewells exceeded BDWS of 50 µg/L. This result shows a strong correlation between the development of red color stain on tubewell platform and As concentrations in the corresponding tubewell water. This study suggests that red-colored platform can be used for primary identification of tubewells with an elevated level of As and thus could prioritize sustainable As mitigation management in developing countries where water comes from reductive shallow aquifers. This study did not confirm the potential for Mn screening, as red discoloration by Fe oxides was found to mask the black discoloration of Mn oxides. It is recommended to further investigate this screening tool in regions with a higher well-to-well variability of As contaminations, as in the presented study As was found >10ug/L in 99% of the tubewells.

  • 34.
    Annaduzzaman, Md.
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, Mark- och vattenteknik.
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik.
    Deshpande, Paritosh Chakor
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, Mark- och vattenteknik.
    Ersoz, M.
    Lazarova, Z.
    Chitosan biopolymer: a treatment option for uranium(VI) removal from drinking waterManuskript (preprint) (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
  • 35.
    Annaduzzaman, Md.
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, Mark- och vattenteknik.
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik.
    Ersoz, M.
    Lazarova, Z.
    Characterization of a chitosan biopolymer and arsenate removal for drinking water treatment2014Ingår i: One Century of the Discovery of Arsenicosis in Latin America (1914-2014): As 2014 - Proceedings of the 5th International Congress on Arsenic in the Environment, CRC Press, 2014, s. 745-747Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Chitosan biopolymer with a deacetylation degree of 85%, was assessed for its capability to adsorb As(V) from drinking water by batch experiments. To characterize the chitosan biopolymer, chitosan was analyzed by FTIR and SEM. The results showed that chitosan is an effective and promising sorbent for As(V) from drinking water. From the batch tests, results showed a maximum adsorption of 355 μg/L of As(V) with 1.18 μg g-1 adsorption capacity at pH 6. The kinetic data, obtained at pH 6 could be fitted with pseudo-second order equation (adsorption capacity: 0.923 μg g-1) and the process was suitably described by a Freundlich (R2 = 0.9933) model than by a Langmuir model (R2 = 0.9741). The results above indicated that chitosan is a very favorable sorbent for As(V) removal from aqueous solution.

  • 36.
    Annaduzzaman, Md.
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, Mark- och vattenteknik.
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik.
    Ersoz, M.
    Lazarova, Z.
    Evaluation and optimization of chitosan biopolymer as an adsorbent for arsenic(V) in drinking watert treatmentManuskript (preprint) (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
  • 37.
    Annaduzzaman, Md.
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik.
    Biswas, Ashis
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik.
    Hossain, Md
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik.
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik. International Center for Applied Climate Science, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia .
    Alauddin, M.
    Cekovic, R.
    Alauddin, S.
    Shaha, S.
    Tubewell platform color as a screening tool for arsenic in shallow drinking water wells in Bangladesh2016Ingår i: Arsenic Research and Global Sustainability - Proceedings of the 6th International Congress on Arsenic in the Environment, AS 2016, CRC Press/Balkema , 2016, s. 632-633Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The development of a simple and low cost technique for determination of arsenic (As) in drinking water wells is an urgent need to accelerate As mitigation policy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potentiality of tubewell platform color as low-cost, quick and convenient screening tool for As. The result shows strong correlation between the development of red color stain on tubewells platform and As enrichment in the corresponding tubewells water compared to WHO (10 μg/L) and BDWS (50 μg/L), with 99% certainty. The red color stain in the platform indicates 98% sensitivity with WHO (10 μg/L) and BDWS (50 μg/L). With regard to WHO and BDWS, the corresponding efficiency of the platform color as screening tool for As are 97.3% and 97%. This study suggests that platform color can be potentially used for screening tubewells, help users switch to tube wells with low As and facilitate sustainable As mitigation efforts in developing countries. 

  • 38.
    Annaduzzaman, Md.
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Mark- och vattenteknik, Miljögeokemi och ekoteknik.
    Biswas, Ashis
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Mark- och vattenteknik, Miljögeokemi och ekoteknik.
    Hossain, Mohammad
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Mark- och vattenteknik, Miljögeokemi och ekoteknik.
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Mark- och vattenteknik, Miljögeokemi och ekoteknik.
    Jacks, Gunnar
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Mark- och vattenteknik, Miljögeokemi och ekoteknik.
    Ahmed, Kazi Matin
    University of Dhaka, Bangladesh.
    Tubewell platform color: A low-cost and rapid screening tool for arsenic and manganese in drinking water2013Konferensbidrag (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
    Abstract [en]

    Presence of high level of geogenic arsenic (As) in groundwater is one of the major and adverse drinking water quality problem all over the world, especially in Southeast Asia, where groundwater is the prominent drinking water source. Bangladesh is already considered as one of the most As affected territories, where As contamination in the groundwater is key environmental disasters. Recently besides As, presence of high level of manganese (Mn) in drinking water has also got attention due to its neurological effect on children. It becomes very essential to formulate a reliable safe drinking water management policy to reduce the health threat caused by drinking As and Mn contained groundwater. The development of a simple low cost technique for the determination of As and Mn in drinking water wells is an important step to formulate this policy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potentiality of tubewell platform color as low-cost, quick and convenient screening tool for As and Mn in drinking water wells (n=272) in a highly arsenic affected area on Matlab, Southeastern Bangladesh.

    The result shows strong correlation between the development of red color stain on tubewell platform and As enrichment in the corresponding tubewell water compared to WHO drinking water guideline (10 μg/L) as well as Bangladesh drinking water standard (BDWS) (50 μg/L), with certainty values of 98.7% and 98.3% respectively. The sensitivity and efficiency of red colored platforms to screen high As water in tubewells are 98% and 97% respectively at 10 μg/L, whereas at cut-off level of 50μg/L both sensitivity and efficiency values are 98%. This study suggests that red colored platform could be potentially used for primary identification of tubewells with elevated level of As and thus could prioritise sustainable As mitigation management in developing countries. Due to lack of tubewells with black colored platform in the study area, the use of platform color concept for screening of Mn enriched water in the wells have not been tested significantly, which requires further study.

    Acknowledgements: This study was carried out with support from the Liuuaeus-Palme Academic Exchange Programme supported by International Programs Office (IPK) and the KTH led joint collaborative action research project on Sustainable Arsenic Mitigation- SASMIT (Sid Contribution 750000854).

  • 39.
    Aullón Alcaine, Anna
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Mark- och vattenteknik, Miljögeokemi och ekoteknik.
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Mark- och vattenteknik, Miljögeokemi och ekoteknik.
    Jacks, Gunnar
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Mark- och vattenteknik, Miljögeokemi och ekoteknik.
    Schulz, C.
    Universidad Nacional de la Pampa, Argentina.
    Bundschuh, Jochen
    University of Southern Queensland, Australia.
    Thunvik, Roger
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Mark- och vattenteknik, Biogeofysik.
    Mörth, Carl-Magnus
    Stockholms Universitet, Institutionen för geologiska vetenskaper.
    Geogenic arsenic and fluoride in shallow aquifers of northeastern La Pampa, Argentina: mobility constraints2013Konferensbidrag (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
    Abstract [en]

    High concentrations of geogenic arsenic (As) and fluoride (F-) in groundwater have been reported at elevated concentrations in different parts of the Chaco-Pampean Plain, in Argentina, where more than 2 million people may be exposed to high levels of these toxic elements through drinking water. Groundwater from the shallow aquifer is far exceeding the permissible WHO Standard limits of 10 μg/L for As and 1.5 mg/L for fluoride, as well as the Argentinean Standard limit of 50 μg/L for As. Geogenic As results due to the weathering of ash originated by volcanic eruptions from the Andean Cordillera and transported by wind and deposited along with the sediments and also as discrete layers and lenses over large geographical area containing around 90% of rhyolitic glass. Groundwater is hosted in a sandy silty interconnected system of aquifers and aquitards within the The Pampean aquifer. A total of 44 groundwater samples were collected from the shallow aquifers in NE of La Pampa province. Two rural areas covering an area of 600km2 in Quemú Quemú (QQ) and 300km2 in Intendente Alvear (IA) were investigated in the present study. Groundwater was circum-neutral to alkaline (pH 7.43-9.18), predominantly oxidizing (Eh ~0.24 V) with widely variable EC range (456-11,400 μS/cm). The major cation dissolved in groundwater was Na+, while the predominant anions were HCO3-, Cl- and SO42-, respectively. Water type in QQ was mostly Na-HCO3- while in IA, the composition differed between Na-HCO3- and Na-Cl-SO42- water types. Groundwater composition showed high degree of mineralization and high salinity evidenced by high EC. In discharge areas, high evaporation rates result in high salinity of shallow groundwater and visible salts incrustations on the surface of the lakes. Elevated concentrations of NO3- and PO43- observed in some wells indicated possible anthropogenic contamination. Total As concentration in groundwater from QQ ranged from 5.58 to 535 μg/L, where 94% of the wells exceeded the WHO standard limit for safe drinking water of 10 μg/L, and 56% of the wells exceeded the old Argentine standard limit of 50 μg/L. F- concentrations revealed heterogeneity and high concentrations in some wells (0.5-14.2 mg/L), 78% of samples in QQ study area exceeded the WHO standard limit of 1.5 mg/L. Under oxidizing conditions and neutral to alkaline pH, arsenate (AsV) species predominated, mainly in HAsO42- forms. As "hotspots" indicated locally contamination and correlated positively with F-, HCO3-, B and V and showed negative correlation with salinity, dissolved Fe, Al and Mn. The mechanisms involved in the mobilization of As in the shallow aquifers are controlled by the rise of pH, variations in Eh conditions and the presence of competitor ions (HCO3-, PO43-, Si, V oxyanions). Geochemical processes like adsorption/desorption, precipitation/dissolution and redox reactions may trigger to As mobilization in the shallow aquifers of La Pampa region.

  • 40.
    Aullón Alcaine, Anna
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Mark- och vattenteknik.
    Sandhi, Arifin
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Mark- och vattenteknik.
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Mark- och vattenteknik.
    Jacks, Gunnar
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Mark- och vattenteknik.
    Bundschuh, Jochen
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Mark- och vattenteknik.
    Thunvik, Roger
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Mark- och vattenteknik.
    Schulz, C.
    Mörth, C. M.
    Distribution and mobility of geogenic arsenic in the shallow aquifers of the northeast of La Pampa, Argentina2012Ingår i: Understanding the Geological and Medical Interface of Arsenic, As 2012 - 4th International Congress: Arsenic in the Environment, 2012, s. 132-134Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Groundwater contamination with elevated Arsenic (As) and other toxic trace elements has been studied in the central part of the vast Chaco-Pampean Plain, in the city of Quemú Quemú, northeastern La Pampa, Argentina. The groundwater samples were mostly alkaline with pH ranging up to 9.18, oxidizing and characterized by high EC. The concentration of total As (5.58-535 μg/L) and fluoride (0.5-14.2 mg/L) in some samples exceeded the recommended WHO drinking water guideline and the Argentine national drinking water standard. Arsenic was positively correlated with bicarbonate (HCO 3 -), Boron (B), Fluoride (F) and Vanadium (V). Long-term consumption of the groundwater could pose a severe health threat for the local community.

  • 41.
    Aullón Alcaine, Anna
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik.
    Schulz, Carlos
    Univ Nacl La Pampa UNLPam, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Av Uruguay 151,L6300, Santa Rosa, La Pampa, Argentina..
    Bundschuh, Jochen
    Univ Southern Queensland, UNESCO Chair Groundwater Arsen Agenda Sustainable, West St, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia.;Univ Southern Queensland, Fac Hlth Engn & Sci, West St, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia..
    Jacks, Gunnar
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik.
    Thunvik, Roger
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik.
    Gustafsson, Jon Petter
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, Vatten- och miljöteknik.
    Mörth, Carl-Magnus
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Geol & Geochem, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Sracek, Ondra
    Palacky Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Geol, 17 Listopadu 12, Olomouc 777146, Czech Republic..
    Ahmad, Arslan
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik.
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik.
    Hydrogeochemical controls on the mobility of arsenic, fluoride and other geogenic co-contaminants in the shallow aquifers of northeastern La Pampa Province in Argentina2020Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 715, artikel-id 136671Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Elevated Arsenic (As) and Fluoride (F) concentrations in groundwater have been studied in the shallow aquifers of northeastern of La Pampa province, in the Chaco-Pampean plain, Argentina. The source of As and co-contaminants is mainly geogenic, from the weathering of volcanic ash and loess (rhyolitic glass) that erupted from the Andean volcanic range. In this study we have assessed the groundwater quality in two semi-arid areas of La Pampa. We have also identified the spatial distribution of As and co-contaminants in groundwater and determined the major factors controlling the mobilization of As in the shallow aquifers. The groundwater samples were circum-neutral to alkaline (7.4 to 92), oxidizing (Eh similar to 0.24 V) and characterized by high salinity (EC = 456-11,400 mu S/cm) and Na+-HCO3- water types in recharge areas. Carbonate concretions ("tosca") were abundant in the upper layers of the shallow aquifer. The concentration of total As (5.6 to 535 mu g/L) and F (0.5 to 14.2 mg/L) were heterogeneous and exceeded the recommended WHO Guidelines and the Argentine Standards for drinking water. The predominant As species were arsenate As(V) oxyanions, determined by thermodynamic calculations. Arsenic was positively correlated with bicarbonate (HCO3-), fluoride (F), boron (B) and vanadium (V), but negatively correlated with iron (Fe), aluminium (Al), and manganese (Mn), which were present in low concentrations. The highest amount of As in sediments was from the surface of the dry lake. The mechanisms for As mobilization are associated with multiple factors: geochemical reactions, hydrogeological characteristics of the local aquifer and climatic factors. Desorption of As(V) at high pH, and ion competition for adsorption sites are considered the principal mechanisms for As mobilization in the shallow aquifers. In addition, the long-term consumption of the groundwater could pose a threat for the health of the local community and low cost remediation techniques are required to improve the drinking water quality.

  • 42.
    Balfors, Berit
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Mark- och vattenteknik, Miljöbedömning och -förvaltning.
    Jacks, Gunnar
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Mark- och vattenteknik, Miljögeokemi och ekoteknik.
    SINGH, NANDITA
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Mark- och vattenteknik.
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Mark- och vattenteknik, Miljögeokemi och ekoteknik.
    Koku, John
    Dept. of Geography & Environment, University of Ghana.
    Contamination of water resources in Takwa mining area of Ghana: Linking technical, social-economic and gender dimensions2007Rapport (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
    Abstract [en]

    Ghana is Africa’s second largest producer of gold with gold deposits in western part of the country. There are seven large-scale mines and 168 small-scale mining concessions valid in the region. Wassa West District is an important mining area, with Tarkwa as administrative capital. In recent years, the area has been exposed to lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury and cyanide. Both small and large-scale mining industries have reportedly contaminated rivers, streams, dug wells and boreholes with heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury and cyanide. There has been significant adverse impact upon health, economy, and social life that may be felt differently by women and men, raising the question of sustainable access to safe water as a millennium development goal (MDG) in the area.

    A multi-disciplinary approach was adopted in the project with distinct work components on the technical as well as on social, gender and policy aspects. It also aimed to suggest integrated strategies to address the problem so as to ensure achievement of the MDGs. Based upon a field study in 37 local communities coupled with water and sediment analysis from the area, the research indicated the existence of not only higher levels of metal contaminants in local water resources in Tarkwa area, particularlymanganese and iron, but also arsenic and aluminium in some wells. However, water resources, particularly groundwater is currently safe for human consumption but the spillages of cyanide and other effluents into surface streams have health and ecological implications. Levels of mercury in stream sediments are high with a clear risk of methylation of the mercury and transfer in the food chain via fish to humans.

    Regarding the impact of mining, it was found that for women who are the primary domestic water managers, contamination of local water sources has forced them to fetch water from greater distances, and livelihoods are hampered due to the fish loss through cyanide spillages in streams. Another finding was the lack of trust and rising water conflicts between mining authorities and the local communities. Regarding the policy aspects underlying the problem, it was found that there is a lack of coordination between the 3 policy areas, namely, rural water supply, mining, and environmental impact assessment (EIA) and environmental protection to the detriment of women as water users and domestic water managers. While impact of mining is increasingly seen as an issue of human rights violation, little is being done to strengthen participatory approaches especially involving women in rural water supply programs. The detailed analysis of the EIA regulations reveals that most mining have not undertaken any comprehensive EIA guiding their operations.

    A number of recommendations have emerged from the integrated perspective attempted to be developed through this research. These include a need for further in-depth explorations on the situation of contamination in groundwater and surface waters as well as stream sediments in the area; the need to resolve the situations of water conflicts between the local communities and the mining authorities by promoting greater public participation; and the need to minimize the gaps between the three related policy frameworks. Also, there is a necessity to strengthen environmental compliance on part of the mining companies so as to uphold the quality of water resources in the area.

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  • 43. Battaglia-Brunet, F.
    et al.
    Lions, J.
    Joulian, C.
    Devau, N.
    Charron, M.
    Hube, D.
    Hellal, J.
    Le Guédard, M.
    Jordan, I.
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik.
    Loukola-Ruskeeniemi, K.
    Tarvainen, T.
    Kaija, J.
    Characterization of an agricultural site historically polluted by the destruction of arsenic-containing chemical weapons2018Ingår i: Environmental Arsenic in a ChangingWorld - 7th International Congress and Exhibition Arsenic in the Environment, 2018, CRC Press/Balkema , 2018, s. 241-242Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Arsenic in agricultural soils may represent a risk for crop quality and surrounding water resources. In the frame of AgriAs project, “Evaluation and management of Arsenic contamination in agricultural soil and water”, a former chemical weapons destruction site converted into agricultural land was characterized. The objective of this study was to identify possible links between arsenic concentration and speciation and bioindicators informing about the bioavailability of the toxic element. Plants lipidic bio-indicator Omega-3 Index showed that toxicity of the soil was not directly correlated with arsenic concentration. Conversely, arsenic level in the soil samples seemed to influence the density of microbes transforming As species. 

  • 44.
    Bhatnagar, Shailesh
    et al.
    Cent Groundwater Board, Jammu, North West Hima, India..
    Taloor, Ajay Kumar
    Univ Jammu, Dept Remote Sensing & GIS, Jammu 180006, India..
    Roy, Sagarika
    Indian Inst Sci, Dept Civil Engn, Bangalore, Karnataka, India..
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, Vatten- och miljöteknik.
    Delineation of aquifers favorable for groundwater development using Schlumberger configuration resistivity survey techniques in Rajouri district of Jammu and Kashmir, India2022Ingår i: GROUNDWATER FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, ISSN 2352-801X, Vol. 17, artikel-id 100764Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The primary goal of this research is to demarcate aquifers favorable for groundwater development in the border district of Rajouri, in the Union Territory of Jammu, and Kashmir, in order to secure a long-term water supply. The Schlumberger configuration resistivity survey technique Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) is used to investigate the characteristics of the subsurface layer and the potential of groundwater by using 30 VES sites in order to establish the optimum sites for digging a successful borehole for the qualitative and quantitative in-terpretations in the study area. It is determined that real resistivity values of subsurface geoelectric layers less than 35 Ohm m indicate the existence of finer sediments, whilst moderate resistivity values ranging from 35 to 100 Ohm m suggest the presence of coarser sediments favorable for groundwater development. The resistivity value between 100 and 200 Ohm m indicates weathered formation, 200-400 Ohm m, indicates fractured rock and more than 400 Ohm m represents hard formation which is devoid of any kind of groundwater development. The bedrock resistivity, nature of the curve, and overburden thickness are the parameters utilized to choose a good site for drilling tests. Based on the criteria, it was determined that nine VES sites (VES-2, VES-3, VES-4, VES -6, VES-17, VES-18, VES-19, VES-28, and VES-30) are appropriate for the installation of a tube well for irrigation and domestic purposes. The 8 sites (VES-14, VES-15, VES-20, VES-21, VES-22, VES-23, VES-24, and VES-27) were not suitable because of compact formation and harder rocks whereas the 13 VES sites (VES-1, VES-5, VES-7, VES-8, VES-9, VES-10, VES-11, VES-12, VES-13, VES-16, VES-25, VES-26, VES-29) are partially suitable for groundwater development and only suitable for personal uses such as hand pump of shallow depth.

  • 45. Bhattacharjee, S.
    et al.
    Saha, B.
    Uddin, M. S.
    Panna, C. H.
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik.
    Saha, R.
    Groundwater governance in Bangladesh: Established practices and recent trends2019Ingår i: Groundwater for Sustainable Development, ISSN 2352-801X, Vol. 8, s. 69-81Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Legal framework is very crucial to protect the vital resources, to provide rights to public and administration, to support national policy and to bring technological intervention to ensure equitable distribution, fair management, and effective decision making. In Bangladesh, groundwater is not directly priced (other than pumping costs), perhaps such issue is not surprising that users do not meter the volumes of water usage. Beside the industry, agricultural sector is by far the biggest groundwater consumer of this country, contributing significant amount of annual meter drop in the groundwater table to the annual decline of groundwater table. Additionally, the groundwater resources are severely affected by, pollution, encroachment and overexploitation. National Water Policy (1999) and Bangladesh Water Act (2013) are considered as country's pivotal legal framework but both of these lag behind to provide effective guidelines on permission, extraction limit, monitoring, protection of quality, water harvesting procedure, and recharge mechanism. Existing institutions suffer from consistent crisis, politics, corruption, absence of public participation and coordination of other institutions, mismanagement, and empirical assessment. This study evaluates the existing water related policies and functions of multidimensional institutions, and discusses the key challenges of effective groundwater management. The present paper also provides an overview of established practices around the world to cope with the common challenges.

  • 46. Bhattacharya, Aparajita
    et al.
    Routh, Joyanto
    Jacks, Gunnar
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Mark- och vattenteknik, Miljögeokemi och ekoteknik.
    Morth, Magnus
    Environmental assessment of abandoned mine tailings in Adak, Vasterbotten district (northern Sweden)2006Ingår i: Applied Geochemistry, ISSN 0883-2927, E-ISSN 1872-9134, Vol. 21, nr 10, s. 1760-1780Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Sulfide-rich mine tailings in Adak that are exposed to weathering cause acid mine drainage characterized by low PH (2-4) and high SO4 (UP to 800 mg L-1). Surface water, sediment and soil samples collected in this study contain higher concentrations of As, Cu, Fe and Zn, compared to the target and/or intervention limits set by international regulatory agencies. In particular, high As concentrations in water (up to 2900 mu g L- 1) and sediment (up to 900 mg kg(-1)) are of concern. There is large variability in trace element concentrations, implying that both physical (grain size) and chemical factors (pH, secondary phases as sulfides, Al-oxides or clay minerals) play an important role in their distribution. The low PH keeps the trace elements dissolved, and they are transported farther downstream. Trace element partition coefficients are low (log K-d = 0.3-4.3), and saturation indices calculated with PHREEQC are < 0 for common oxide and sulfidic minerals. The sediment and soil samples indicate an enhanced pollution index (up to 17), and high enrichment factors for trace elements (As up to 38,300; Zn up to 800). Finally, leaves collected from different plant types indicate bioaccumulation of several elements (As, Al, Cu, Fe and Zn). However, some of the plants growing in this area (e.g., Salix, Equisetum) are generally resistant to metal toxicity, and hence, liming and phytoremediation could be considered as potential on-site remediation methods.

  • 47.
    Bhattacharya, P
    et al.
    KTH, Tidigare Institutioner (före 2005), Mark- och vattenteknik.
    Tandukar, N
    Valero, A A
    Jacks, G
    Mukherjee, A B
    Mobilization of arsenic in groundwater in Terai region of Nepal.2004Ingår i: Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society, ISSN 0065-7727, Vol. 227, s. U1105-U1105Artikel i tidskrift (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
  • 48.
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Mark- och vattenteknik, Miljögeokemi och ekoteknik.
    Ahmed, K.M.
    Hasan, M.A.
    Broms, S.
    Fogelström, J.
    Jacks, Gunnar
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Mark- och vattenteknik, Miljögeokemi och ekoteknik.
    Sracek, O.
    von Brömssen, Mattias
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Mark- och vattenteknik, Miljögeokemi och ekoteknik.
    Routh, J.
    Mobility of arsenic in groundwater in a part of Brahmanbaria district, NE Bangladesh2006Ingår i: Managing Arsenic in the Environment: From soil to human health / [ed] Naidu, R., Smith, E., Owens, G., Bhattacharya, P. Nadebaum. P., Melbourne, Australia: CSIRO Publishing , 2006, s. 95-115Kapitel i bok, del av antologi (Refereegranskat)
  • 49.
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Mark- och vattenteknik, Miljögeokemi och ekoteknik. Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Land & Water Resources Engn, KTH Int Groundwater Arsen Res Grp, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Biswas, Ashis
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Mark- och vattenteknik, Miljögeokemi och ekoteknik.
    Halder, Dipti
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Mark- och vattenteknik, Miljögeokemi och ekoteknik.
    Jacks, Gunnar
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Mark- och vattenteknik, Miljögeokemi och ekoteknik. Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Land & Water Resources Engn, KTH Int Groundwater Arsen Res Grp, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Nath, B.
    Univ Sydney, Sch Geosci, Sydney, NSW, Australia..
    Chatterjee, D.
    Univ Kalyani, Dept Chem, Kalyani, W Bengal, India..
    Mukherjee, A.
    Indian Inst Technol, Dept Geol & Geophys, Kharagpur, W Bengal, India..
    Tubewell platform color: Assessment of a tool for rapid screening of arsenic and manganese in well water2012Ingår i: UNDERSTANDING THE GEOLOGICAL AND MEDICAL INTERFACE OF ARSENIC, AS 2012 / [ed] Ng, JC Noller, BN Naidu, R Bundschuh, J Bhattacharya, P, CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP , 2012, s. 515-518Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    This study attempts to make a statistical comparison between Tubewell (TW) platform color and the level of Arsenic (As) and Manganese (Mn) concentration in groundwater abstracted from a set of 423 Tubewells (TWs) in Chakdaha Block of Nadia District, West Bengal, India to validate platform color as a screening tool for both As and Mn in groundwater. The results indicate that water extracted from TWs with black colored platform in 93% cases was safe for As while water extracted from TWs with red colored platform is contaminated with As with 38% certainty, compared to drinking water standard of India (50 mu g/L). At this standard the respective efficiency, sensitivity and specificity of the tool are 65, 85 and 59%. If WHO drinking water guideline (10 mu g/L) is considered, the certainty increases to 73% and 84% respectively for black and red colored platform with respective efficiency, sensitivity and specificity values of 79, 77 and 81%. Furthermore, the black colored platform with 78% certainty indicates well water is enriched with Manganese (Mn), while red colored platform indicates water is low in Mn with 64% certainty evaluated against Indian national standard of 300 mu g/L. This study demonstrates that platform color can be potentially used as an initial screening tool for As and Mn, to assess the safe water acess for drinking purposes.

  • 50.
    Bhattacharya, Prosun
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik.
    Bundschuh, J
    Groundwater for sustainable development - cross cutting the UN sustainable development goals2015Ingår i: Groundwater for Sustainable Development, ISSN 2352-801X, Vol. 1, nr 1-2, s. 155-157Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
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