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  • 1.
    Assefa, Getachew
    et al.
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Industrial Ecology.
    Glaumann, Mauritz
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment.
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment.
    Eriksson, O.
    Quality versus impact: Comparing the environmental efficiency of building properties using the EcoEffect tool2010In: Building and Environment, ISSN 0360-1323, E-ISSN 1873-684X, Vol. 45, no 5, p. 1095-1103Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    There are tools that are developed for the assessment of the environmental impact of buildings (e.g. ATHENA). Other tools dealing with the indoor and outdoor environmental quality of building properties (referred to as real estates in other literature) are also available (e.g. GBTool). A platform where both the aspects of quality and impact are presented in an integrated fashion are few. The aim of this contribution is to present how the performance of different building properties can be assessed and compared using the concept of environmental efficiency in a Swedish assessment tool called EcoEffect. It presents the quality dimension in the form of users' satisfaction covering indoor and outdoor performance features against the weighted environmental impact covering global and local impacts. The indoor and outdoor values are collected using questionnaires combined with inspection and some measurements. Life cycle methodology is behind the calculation of the weighted external environmental impact. A case study is presented to show the application of EcoEffect using a comparative assessment of Lindas and a Reference property. The results show that Lindas block is better in internal environment quality than the Reference property. It performs slightly worse than the Reference property in the external environmental impact due to emissions and waste from energy and material use. The approach of integrated presentation of quality and impact as in EcoEffect provides with the opportunity of uncovering issues problem shifting and sub-optimisation. This avoids undesirable situations where the indoor quality is improved through measures that result in higher external environmental impact.

  • 2.
    Assefa, Getachew
    et al.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemical Engineering and Technology.
    Glaumann, Mauritz
    Department of Technology and Built Environment, University of Gävle.
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture. KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Environmental Strategies.
    Kindembe, Beatrice Isampete
    Department of Technology and Built Environment, University of Gävle.
    Hult, M.
    Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Landscape Architecture, Uppsala.
    Myhr, U.
    Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Landscape Architecture, Uppsala.
    Eriksson, O.
    Department of Technology and Built Environment, University of Gävle.
    Environmental assessment of building properties — Where natural and social sciences meet: the case of EcoEffect2007In: Building and Environment, ISSN 0360-1323, E-ISSN 1873-684X, Vol. 42, no 3, p. 1458-1464Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The EcoEffect method of assessing external and internal impacts of building properties is briefly described. The external impacts of manufacturing and transport of the building materials, the generation of power and heat consumed during the operation phase are assessed using life-cycle methodology. Emissions and waste; natural resource depletion and toxic substances in building materials are accounted for. Here methodologies from natural sciences are employed. The internal impacts involve the assessment of the risk for discomfort and ill-being due to features and properties of both the indoor environment and outdoor environment within the boundary of the building properties. This risk is calculated based on data and information from questionnaires; measurements and inspection where methodologies mainly from social sciences are used. Life-cycle costs covering investment and utilities costs as well as maintenance costs summed up over the lifetime of the building are also calculated.

    The result presentation offers extensive layers of diagrams and data tables ranging from an aggregated diagram of environmental efficiency to quantitative indicators of different aspects and factors. Environmental efficiency provides a relative measure of the internal quality of a building property in relation to its external impact vis-à-vis its performance relative to other building properties.

  • 3.
    Berglund, Daniel
    et al.
    Tyréns AB, Stockholm, 118 86, Sweden.
    Kharazmi, Parastou
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering.
    Miliutenko, Sofiia
    Björk, Folke
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering.
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering.
    Comparative life-cycle assessment for renovation methods of waste water sewerage systems for apartment buildings2018In: Journal of Building Engineering, E-ISSN 2352-7102, Vol. 19, p. 98-108Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This comparative life-cycle assessment highlights three main alternatives for renovation of waste water sewerage: pipe replacement, cured- in- place pipe (CIPP) lining (also called sliplining) and renovation by coatings. The functional unit of this study is a six-story block house that was built in 1960 and has 29 apartments. The characterized results of environmental impacts display an advantage for CIPP-lining over pipe replacement in 14 of the 18 studied impact categories. Regarding those categories in which impacts were comparatively large, when looking at the average impact from a European citizen according to the ReCiPe methodology for life cycle inventory list, pipe replacement has greater impacts than CIPP-lining. In general, the impacts of pipe replacement are related to new tiles, expanded polyester cement, the screed, and the material for waterproofing, as well as the electricity needed for drying the structure. The CIPP-lining method displays higher impacts than pipe replacement in just four categories. These impacts are, to a large extent, caused by the use of consumables such as gloves and cotton cloths. From an LCA-perspective, the study shows that the CIPP and coatings relining methods have advantages over pipe replacement under the condition that the technical lifetime is the same for these methods. Still, the uncertainty of service life, as well as Bisphenol A (BPA) emissions, remain as issues of concern for further study. There are also other differences among the alternatives that ultimately influence a property owner's choice of method, such as costs, inconvenience for the residents, renewal of bathroom interiors, and the way in which the property owner values the alternative technologies.

  • 4. Berglund, Daniel
    et al.
    Kharazmi, Parastou
    Miliutenko, Sofiia
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering.
    Björk, Folke
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering.
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Sustainability Assessment and Management.
    Relining eller rörbyte - en jämförelse med LCA2018Report (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [sv]

    Denna jämförande livscykelbedömning belyser tre huvudalternativ för renovering av avloppsrör; rörbyte, relining med rörfoder (strumpmetoden, CIPP-lining) som även kallas sliplining och renovering icke-bärande plastbeläggningar. Den funktionella enheten i denna studie är ett sex våningar högt punkthus som byggdes 1960 och som har 29 lägenheter. De redovisade resultaten av miljöpåverkan visar att strumpmetoden har fördelar framför rörbyte i 14 av de 18 undersökta kategorierna. När det gäller de kategorier där påverkningarna var förhållandevis stora, jämfört med en genomsnittliga europeisk medborgares årliga miljöbelastning, enligt ReCiPe-metoden, så har renoveringmetoden rörbyte större påverkan än strumpmetoden. Påverkningarna av rörbyte är främst relaterade till nya klinkerplattor, EPS-cement, avjämningsmassor och materialet för tätskikt, och även den el som behövs för att torka byggnaden. Strumpmetoden visar högre påverkan än rörbyte i fyra kategorier. Dessa påverkningar orsakas till stor del av användningen av förbrukningsmaterial som handskar och bomullstrasor. Ur ett LCA-perspektiv visar studien att strumpmetoden och icke-bärande beläggningsreningsmetoder har fördelar framför rörbyte under förutsättning att den tekniska livslängden är densamma. Osäkerheten om livslängden och även frågan om utsläpp av Bisphenol A (BPA) är aspekter som behöver fortsatta studier. Det finns också andra faktorer som till sist påverkar vilken metod för stamrenovering som en fastighetsägare väljer; kostnader, besvär för de boende, behov av renovering av badrum till sist hur fastighetsägaren själv värderar de olika alternativen.

  • 5. Birgisdottir, H.
    et al.
    Moncaster, A.
    Wiberg, A. Houlihan
    Chae, C.
    Yokoyama, K.
    Balouktsi, M.
    Seo, S.
    Oka, T.
    Luetzkendorf, T.
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Sustainability Assessment and Management.
    IEA ESC annex 57 'evaluation of embodied energy and CO2eq for building construction'2017In: Energy and Buildings, ISSN 0378-7788, E-ISSN 1872-6178, Vol. 154, p. 72-80Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The current regulations to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) from buildings have focused on operational energy consumption. Thus legislation excludes measurement and reduction of the embodied energy and embodied GHG emissions over the building life cycle. Embodied impacts are a significant and growing proportion and it is increasingly recognised that the focus on reducing operational energy consumption needs to be accompanied by a parallel focus on reducing embodied impacts. Over the last six years the Annex 57 has 'addressed this issue, with researchers from 15 countries working together to develop a detailed understanding of the multiple calculation methods and the interpretation of their results. Based on an analysis of 80 case studies, Annex 57 showed various inconsistencies in current methodological approaches, which inhibit comparisons of results and difficult development of robust reduction strategies. Reinterpreting the studies through an understanding of the methodological differences enabled the cases to be used to demonstrate a number of important strategies for the reduction of embodied impacts. Annex 57 has also produced clear recommendations for uniform definitions and templates which improve the description of system boundaries, completeness of inventory and quality of data, and consequently the transparency of embodied impact assessments.

  • 6.
    Bradley, Karin
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Urban and Regional Studies.
    Fauré, Eléonore
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering.
    Finnveden, Göran
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering.
    Fuehrer, Paul
    Gunnarsson Östling, Ulrika
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering.
    Hagbert, Pernilla
    Hornborg, Alf
    Isaksson, Karolina
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment.
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering.
    Svenfelt, Åsa
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Environmental Strategies Research (fms).
    Öhlund, Erika
    Därför är ekonomisk tillväxt en risk2016In: Dagens samhälle, ISSN 1652-6511, article id 9 marsArticle, review/survey (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 7.
    Brismark, Johanna
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Sustainability Assessment and Management. Plant An Idea AB.
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Sustainability Assessment and Management.
    Borgström, Sara
    WSP Sweden.
    Climate Mitigation in the Swedish Single-Family Homes Industry and Potentials for LCA as Decision Support2022In: Buildings, E-ISSN 2075-5309, Vol. 12, no 5, p. 588-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Decision support tools for incentivizing environmentally sound decisions in building design,such as LCA (life cycle assessment), have been highlighted as an essential feature for enhancingthe realization of more sustainable buildings. Nevertheless, the use of LCA to support decisions inbuilding design is still limited in practice. A better understanding of the social dynamics and detailedcontexts of the decisions leading up to a final building design is therefore critical for better integrationof LCA-based information in the decision-making processes. This paper reports a qualitative, semistructuredinterview study of single-family home producers in Sweden and their decision-making inrelation to climate mitigation, with a particular focus on embodied carbon mitigation. By studying aspecific branch of the building and construction sector, a more in-depth record can be obtained of theparticularities of implementation contexts and decision-making situations in which LCA may, or maynot, have a role in driving climate mitigation. Four primary decision contexts in which LCA mayhave an influential role to drive embodied carbon reduction include: (1) the development of buildingsystems, (2) development and offering of house models, (3) the selection of construction products forthe building system as well as for the offer of add-on products to customers, and (4) the dialoguesin the individual house-buyer projects. Decision-making that affects sustainable outcomes in thispart of the sector is very much dependent on a supporting regulatory context. Over the years, usingbuilding LCA in early design stages, for optimization towards low-impact final buildings, has been arepeatedly promoted recommendation both in academia and practice. This study, however, revealsthat such a conclusion is too simplistic. The different overarching decision contexts identified for thisparticular branch display the variety of needs for life cycle-based information.

    Download full text (pdf)
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  • 8.
    Brown, Nils
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Environmental Strategies.
    Bai, Wei
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Environmental Strategies.
    Björk, Folke
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Building Technology.
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Environmental Strategies.
    Molinari, Marco
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Building Technology.
    Sustainability assessment of Renovation for Increased End-use Energy Efficiency for Multi-family Buildings in Sweden2011In: Proceedings of 6th World Sustainable Building Conference, SB11, 2011Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 9.
    Brown, Nils
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering.
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering.
    Wintzell, Helene
    Owner organizations' value-creation strategies through environmental certification of buildings2016In: Building Research & Information, ISSN 0961-3218, E-ISSN 1466-4321, Vol. 44, no 8, p. 863-874Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The existing literature (mostly referencing heuristics of the valuation profession) provides little evidence on how property owners and managers themselves perceive value creation from environmental certification (EC) of buildings. To address this issue, questionnaire and interview data from non-residential EC building owners in Sweden are gathered and related in a strategy map' that explains their perceived value creation from EC. The mapping process also considers the four standard perspectives of the balanced scorecard, prompting researchers and owners to evaluate EC in terms of its contribution to long-term strategy, measuring it according to financial and non-financial metrics of organizational performance. The study confirmed that tenant demand is an important EC driver for property owners (particularly for large organizations) and therefore that increased EC awareness amongst tenants is important for EC and for further value creation. It was found that tool developers, property owners and valuers could all benefit from more closely aligning valuers' documentation requirements with those for accreditation with EC tools. Energy efficiency contributes significantly to value creation, but owners use energy management programs in addition to EC, possibly as a result of the performance gap phenomenon.

  • 10.
    Brown, Nils
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering.
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering.
    Wintzell, Helene
    Value creation for tenants in environmentally certified buildings2016In: Building Research & Information, ISSN 0961-3218, E-ISSN 1466-4321Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Previous research suggests that environmental certification (EC) affects rental rates in non-residential buildings, but there is still little understanding of how tenants differentiate such buildings from those without EC. This paper examines whether and how tenants perceive value creation in EC premises in Sweden. The findings (based on 29 questionnaire responses and 14 interviews with tenants in EC buildings) inform landlords and tenants on the development of EC strategies for improved organizational outcomes. EC creates value for tenants principally as support for their environmental management and reporting (e.g., low energy demand). EC is important for tenants internally, raising employee environmental awareness and improving employee attraction and retention. Tenants are generally positive about employee morale, indoor environmental quality (IEQ) and rental costs. However, it is not clear if such perceptions are dependent on features of modern premises in general, such as new fixtures, fittings and furnishings, and space-efficiency or from some EC-related feature. Tenants do not identify health or productivity increase in their EC premises. Findings suggest that the research focus should be shifted from investigating health and productivity increases through IEQ improvement to understanding the motivational improvement through value alignment with employees through EC.

  • 11.
    Brown, Nils
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Environmental Strategies Research (fms).
    Olsson, Stefan
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Environmental Strategies Research (fms).
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Environmental Strategies Research (fms).
    Screening of globalwarming potential due to material production for renovation measures for 50 % decrease innet energy demand of existing stock of residential buildings in SwedenManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
  • 12.
    Brown, Nils W. O.
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Environmental Strategies.
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Environmental Strategies.
    Bai, Wei
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Environmental Strategies.
    Molinari, Marco
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Building Technology.
    Sustainability assessment of renovation packages for increased energy efficiency for multi-family buildings in Sweden2012In: Building and Environment, ISSN 0360-1323, E-ISSN 1873-684X, Vol. 61, p. 140-148Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper, we propose a method for assessing renovation packages drawn up with the goal of increasing energy efficiency. The method includes calculation of bought energy demand, life-cycle cost (LCC) analysis and assessment of the building according to the Swedish environmental rating tool Miljöbyggnad (MB). In this way the methodology assesses economic, indoor environmental quality (IEQ) and specifically environmental aspects associated with energy demand of such packages from a sustainability point-of-view. Through MB, energy efficiency packages are placed in context with other necessary measures required to improve environmental performance in buildings, providing a consistent and systematic basis other than simply financial performance by which to compare capital improvements. The method is further explained and analyzed by applying it in three case studies. In each case study a multi-family building representing a typologically significant class in the Swedish building stock is considered, and for each building a base case and two renovation packages with higher initial investment requirement and higher energy efficiency are defined. It is shown that higher efficiency packages can impact IEQ indicators both positively and negatively and that packages reducing energy demand by approx. 50% have somewhat higher LCC. Identified positive IEQ impacts point to added value for packages that may not otherwise be communicated, while negative impacts identify areas where packages need to be improved, or where MB indicators may be referred to as specifications in procurement procedures.

  • 13.
    Brown, Nils W. O.
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Environmental Strategies Research (fms).
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Environmental Strategies Research (fms).
    Wintzell, Helene
    Mervärden för fastighetsägare vid miljöcertifiering av byggnader – en enkätstudie av fastighetsägare medmiljöcertifierade lokalfastigheter2014Report (Other academic)
    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 14.
    Brown, Nils W. O.
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Environmental Strategies Research (fms).
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Environmental Strategies Research (fms).
    Wintzell, Helene
    HWz Miljö och Ledarskap AB.
    Miljöcertifiering och mervärden: Vad säger svenska lokalfastighetsägare?2014Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Under de senaste 5 åren har miljöcertifiering för byggnader i Sverige tagit fart ordentligt. Det inhemska verktyget Miljöbyggnad är klart populärast, men LEED och en svensk BREEAM-version används också mycket. I vissa delar av västvärlden har miljöcertifiering för byggnader varit en företeelse i minst 15 år och erfarenheterna i form av olika mervärden av certifiering har studerats i ett antal forskningsstudier. Forskningen hittills har framför allt utgått ifrån att noggrann värdering av miljöcertifiering och hållbarhetsaspekter generellt är viktig för att rapportera tillgångars värde. Mindre uppmärksamhet har ägnats åt hur miljöcertifieringen kan påverka fastighetsägarföretag från ett bredare värdeskapande perspektiv.

    Det finns i dagsläget tillräckligt många svenska miljöcertifierade byggnader för att kunna undersöka hur mervärde hos svenska fastighetsägare skapas genom miljöcertifiering. Arbetets syfte är därför att visa om och i så fall hur svenska fastighetsägare upplever mervärde från miljöcertifiering utifrån ett brett verksamhetsperspektiv. Arbetet avser också att samla praktiska erfarenheter om mervärde från miljöcertifiering.

    Studien bygger på  en nätbaserad enkät och intervjuer. Enkäten har använts för  att samla information om möjliga mervärden, vilka definierats i förväg av forskargruppen med bas i den befintliga litteraturen. Målgruppen för enkäten var representanter för fastighetsägare med direkt erfarenhet av en svensk miljöcertifierad lokalbyggnad.. Enkäten skickades till representanter för 65 byggnader, och kompletta svar kom in från 31. Semi-strukturerade intervjuer har använts för att få levande exempel på specifika upplevda mervärden samt att ställa följdfrågor kring vilka förutsättningarna eller omständigheterna är/var för att dessa nyttor faktiskt skulle uppkomma alternativt varför de inte uppkommer. 15 personer intervjuades, där varje person hade direkt erfarenhet av en svensk miljöcertifierad lokalbyggnad.

    Intervjuer bekräftar enkätresultat att det klaraste mervärdet utifrån driftkostnads och -intäktsperspektivet är minskade energikostnader. Resultat från enkätundersökningen gällande hyresnivå och försäljningspris stämmer överens med tidigare utländska statistiska studier. Dessa mervärden förväntas öka i framtiden enligt enkätsvaren. Samtidigt visar intervjuer att de mervärdena samt vakansgraden, en annan faktor som styr driftinkomsterna, inte upplevs i klara ekonomiska termer. Snarare talar man om att miljöcertifieringen medför ett mervärde genom att den etablerar byggnaden i en nischmarknad för hyresgäster såväl som för investerare. Denna nischmarknad håller på att utvecklas så att miljöcertifieringen i framtiden kommer att ses som ett hygienkrav snarare än en ”unique selling point” som det har varit för de undersökta tidiga exemplen.

    Övriga viktiga mervärden enligt intervjuer med stöd av enkätresultat är att miljöcertifieringen underlättar kommunikationen av miljöfrågor i byggprojekt, företagsledning, fastighetsförvaltning och vid marknadsföring. Exempelvis kan man bättre kommunicera mål för miljöarbetet i byggprojekt som i sin tur enligt de intervjuade leder till bättre materialval, en högre kvalité hos byggnaden och bättre dokumentation över inbyggda material. Det senare leder dessutom till en lättare försäljningsprocess enligt en intervju. Studierna visar att miljöcertifieringen har lett till att miljöstyrning blivit en allt mer integrerad del i affärsstrategin vilket har understrukits av att ett flertal kommersiella företag numera har tagit beslut om miljöcertifiering på högst ledningsnivå. I fastighetsförvaltningen har man fått en bättre struktur på miljöarbetet med hjälp av miljöcertifieringen. Slutligen visar intervjuerna flera exempel där miljöcertifieringen har gett mycket positiv marknadsföring, exempelvis med en hög mediesynlighet, en ledande roll i internationella branschnätverk och ett gott rykte bland övriga i branschen.

    Med grund i enkät- och intervjuresultaten kan de uppkomna mervärdena delas in i tre separata men kopplade kategorier som handlar om hur miljöcertifiering skapar mervärden: ”miljösatsningarnas mervärde” syftar till mervärden som uppkommer direkt från en specifik miljösatsning som miljöcertifieringen föreskriver. Ett exempel är lägre energikostnader från en effektiv energianvändning. ”Process mervärde” uppkommer genom miljöcertifieringens struktur och kriterier som underlättar miljö- och kvalitetsstyrningsprocesser för byggprojektledning, fastighetsförvaltning och företagsledning. För det tredje uppkommer ”certifieringsmervärde” genom själva märkningen i sig som grundar sig på certifieringverktygens trovärdighet och kännedomen om certifieringssystemet. Det tydligaste mervärdet här för fastighetsägare är att kunna bemöta krav om en byggnad med en specifik certifiering från önskvärda hyresgäster.

    Utifrån det samlade intervjumaterialet kan man skönja tre typer av inriktningar när fastighetsägare tillämpar miljöcertifiering.  ”Marknadsledare” som kännetecknas av att man framhållersjälva certifieringens mervärden starkt. Mervärde för denna typ uppkommer främst genom konkurrensfördelar av att attrahera önskvärda hyresgäster, vid försäljning och genom varumärkesbyggande. Detta yttrar sig i bibehållna (eller ökade) ränteintäkter, minskad vakansgrad och ökat transaktionsvärde. Enligt intervjustudien är det främst stora privata företag med kontorsfastigheter i storstäder som har denna inriktning. Denna grupp anses vara ledande i den mening att företagsledningarna har fattat beslut om att applicera miljöcertifiering på t.ex. all nybyggnation.

    ”Samhällsledare” är organisationer vars strategiska inriktning påverkas av eventuella politiska krav eller som ett utfall av att man är en offentligägd organisation som förväntas bidra till samhällets mål och intentioner i största allmänhet. Här framhåller man starkt mervärden i form av den förbättrade byggprocess som tillämpningen av certifieringsverktyget ger. Det viktigaste identifierade mervärdesexemplet för denna strategi handlar om en bättre målstyrning som slår igenom i relationer med konsulter m fl. i byggprojekt samt i att kommunicera och etablera miljöarbetet internt.  Enligt intervjuerna leder dessa processförbättringar främst till en byggnad med högre kvalité och bättre kunskap i förvaltningen vad gäller inbyggda material. Typiskt för en sådan organisation är att de är offentligägda och inhyser offentlig verksamhet, exempelvis vård eller utbildning. Denna grupp anses vara ledande i den meningen att man har applicerat miljöcertifieringen mycket medvetet och ibland har man fattat beslut om det på högsta ledningsnivå.

    Den sista strategiska inriktningen bedömer vi inte som lika pådrivande som de två förstnämnda. En grupp kallar vi för ”kompetensutvecklare” och bland de intervjuade organisationerna finns det exempel inom denna grupp som är mer marknadsinriktade och de som är mer samhällsinriktade. Dessa fastighetsägare har gemensamt att de inte (i vår tolkning av intervjusvaren) har så tydligt uttryckta syften vad gäller mervärden från miljöcertifieringen som de inriktningar vi bedömer som pådrivande. En fråga är om det är en avsiktlig strategi för dessa organisationer att låta övriga gå före, eller om vi har intervjuat dessa organisationer medan de bygger upp den interna kompetensen för att vara mera pådrivande vad gäller miljöcertifieringen i en nära framtid. 

    Det ska noteras här att samtliga strategiska indelningar som vi har sett har möjlighet att få ut mervärde från specifika miljösatsningar. Främst av dessa är minskade energikostnader genom energieffektivitet, men det finns också de som kopplas till t.ex. materialval och dagsljus. Beroende på strategisk inriktning kan olika miljöcertifieringar vara mer eller mindre lämpliga för att ut mesta mervärden till lägsta kostnad. ”Marknadsledarna” får i dagsläget störst mervärde från internationella verktyg jämfört med övriga identifierade inriktningar. Frågan är emellertid hur situationen är om några år. Flera intervjuade talar om att miljöcertifiering snart (eller i princip redan är) hygienkrav på kontorsmarknaden i storstadsområden. Detta kan leda till att fler fastighetsägare behöver lära sig och överväga att tillämpa även andra system än Miljöbyggnad ganska snart. Samtidigt finns en risk då tillämpningen av miljöcertifiering blir en viktig affärsstrategisk komponent att verktygen inte styr mot hög miljöprestanda utan mer mot högsta möjliga mervärde. 

    Analysen här har också visat att det finns goda grunder för att etablera kopplingar mellan mervärde som man får från miljöcertifiering och organisationers värdeskapande arbete som avses att ge finansiell nytta på sikt. Dessa kopplingar kommer att vidareutvecklas i det fortsatta projektarbetet. I fortsättningen görs också en enkät och intervjuer med hyresgäster för lokalfastigheter. Dessutom gör vi en fördjupning kring offentliga aktörer.

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  • 15.
    Brown, Nils W. O.
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Environmental Strategies Research (fms).
    Olsson, Stefan
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Environmental Strategies Research (fms).
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Environmental Strategies Research (fms).
    Embodied greenhouse gas emissions from refurbishment of residential building stock to achieve a 50% operational energy reduction2014In: Building and Environment, ISSN 0360-1323, E-ISSN 1873-684X, Vol. 79, p. 46-56Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Mitigating climate change through operational energy reduction in existing buildings is of highest priority for policy-makers in Europe and elsewhere. At the same time there is increasing understanding of the significance of impacts arising from material production for buildings. The aim of this work has therefore been to evaluate the importance of embodied GWP for refurbishment for operational energy reduction on a stockwide basis. It is further intended to judge the relative significance of embodied GWP for specific refurbishment measures implemented for operational energy reduction. We study the case of operational energy reduction in the Swedish residential building stock by 50% compared to 1995. The total embodied GWP to achieve the noted operational energy reduction is 0.35 Mt CO2-e/year. 83% of this total is due to ventilation and window measures alone. Compared with previous studies assessing GWP mitigation from operational energy reduction, the "GWP payback time" is just over 3 years. Many types of measure that contribute significantly to achieving the above operational energy goal had average embodied GWP between 10 and 20 g CO2-e/kW h operational energy reduction, notably window and ventilation measures. Indoor temperature reduction (to 20 degrees C), was also significant for stockwide operational energy reduction but had a very low GWP of 0.4 g CO2-e/kW h operational energy reduction. If this measure proves unfeasible to implement on a stockwide basis then more expensive measures with higher embodied GWP will be needed to achieve the stated energy reduction goal.

  • 16.
    Brunklaus, Birgit
    et al.
    Chalmers University, dep of Environmental Systems analysis.
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment.
    Baumann, Henrikke
    Chalmers University, dep of Environmental Systems Analysis.
    Managing Stakeholders or the Environment?: The Challenge of Relating Indicators in Practice2008In: Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, ISSN 1535-3958, E-ISSN 1535-3966, Vol. 16, no 1, p. 27-37Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Many organizations present their environmental work in the form of annual reports and use the indicators in them for follow-up. However, internal communication and management is needed for environmental improvements. The indicators found in reports may be suitable for external communication, but are they also suitable internally and operationally?

    This article reviews the existing literature on environmental indicators.  With the help of an operational approach, from organisation theory, and a life-cycle approach, indicators are analysed. The analysis shows that formulating indicators for internal management is not an easy task; available guidelines are of little help. It is concluded that the environment can be managed internally by relating indicators. Therefore, an additional set of indicators for internal management and a wider responsibility for the life cycle are recommended. The analysis and recommendations are illustrated with examples drawn from the field of property management.

  • 17. Erlandsson, Martin
    et al.
    Jelse, Kristian
    Larsson, Mathias
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering.
    Livscykelanalysbaserade miljökrav för byggnadsverk – En verktygslåda för att ställa miljökrav2018Report (Other academic)
  • 18. Erlandsson, Martin
    et al.
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering.
    Olika byggsystem av betong och trä där mix av material inklusive stål ger klimatfördelar2018In: Bygg och Teknik, ISSN 0281-658X, E-ISSN 2002-8350, Vol. 7Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 19. Erlandsson, Martin
    et al.
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering.
    Francart, Nicolas
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering.
    Kellner, Johnny
    Minskad klimatpåverkan från nybyggda flerbostadshus – LCA av fem byggsystem2018Report (Other academic)
  • 20.
    Finnveden, Göran
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Environmental Strategies.
    Carlsson, P-O
    Wintzell, H
    Glaumann, Mauritz
    University of Gävle.
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Environmental Strategies.
    Eriksson, M
    Erlandsson, M
    Linholm, T
    Ohring, I
    Svenfelt, Åsa
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Environmental Strategies.
    Andersson, J
    Malmström, T.-G
    Testfasen i miljöklassningsprojekten2007Report (Other academic)
  • 21.
    Finnveden, Göran
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Environmental Strategies.
    Glaumann, Mauritz
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Environmental Strategies.
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Environmental Strategies.
    Svenfelt, Åsa
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Environmental Strategies.
    Carlsson, P.-O
    Erlandsson, M
    Andersson, J
    Wintzell, H
    Lindholm, T
    Malmström, T.-G
    A Swedish Environmental rating Tool for Buildings2009In: Programme Book of SETAC 15th LCA Case Studies Symposium, 2009Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 22.
    Finnveden, Göran
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Environmental Strategies.
    Toller, Susanna
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Environmental Strategies.
    Wadeskog, A
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Environmental Strategies.
    Carlsson, A
    Bygg- och fastighetssektorns miljöpåverkan2009Report (Other academic)
  • 23.
    Florell, Josefin
    et al.
    Passivhuscentrum västra götaland.
    Wedel, Hanna
    Passivhuscentrum Västra Götaland.
    Nyquist, Karin
    Passivhuscentrum Västra Götaland.
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering.
    Francart, Nicolas
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering.
    Larsson, Mathias
    IVL Svenska Miljöinstitutet.
    Erlandsson, Martin
    IVL Svenska Miljöinstitutet.
    Kommuners arbete med livscykelanalys och klimatpåverkan vid byggande2017Report (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
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  • 24.
    Francart, Nicolas
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Sustainability Assessment and Management.
    Erlandsson, Martin
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Building Materials.
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Sustainability Assessment and Management.
    Larsson, Mathias
    Florell, Josefin
    Requirements set by Swedish municipalities to promote construction with low climate change impact2019In: Journal of Cleaner Production, ISSN 0959-6526, E-ISSN 1879-1786, Vol. 208, p. 117-131Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study investigates how Swedish municipalities work to reduce the climate change impact of building construction. It focuses on current practices related to promoting the use of sustainable construction materials and on barriers to environmental requirements in construction, in particular environmental performance requirements based on LCA procedures. Municipalities were surveyed about the existence of municipal policies dealing with environmental issues in construction, the knowledge level about these issues, and the measures and requirements used to promote materials with low climate change impact. The survey was followed by semi-structured interviews about current practices and barriers to environmental requirements in construction. Results show that large municipalities are more likely to have dedicated policies and implement more measures than their smaller counterparts. However, willingness to implement future measures and knowledge of sustainable construction do not vary significantly with municipality population. Efforts are often limited to procurement, municipal construction projects and discussions with stakeholders. When requirements are set, they are almost always based on prescribing a technical solution (e.g. use of timber) rather than assessing environmental performance (e.g. calculating greenhouse gases emissions with a LCA tool). Measures that municipalities can take as public authorities are restricted by the law, which remains ambiguous as to the legality of environmental performance requirements. Legal issues, limited knowledge and resources appear to be the main barriers to environmental performance requirements in construction. A strategy is proposed to o​v​e​r​

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  • 25.
    Francart, Nicolas
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Sustainability Assessment and Management.
    Höjer, Mattias
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Strategic Sustainability Studies.
    Mjörnell, Kristina
    RISE—Research Institutes of Sweden, Sustainable Cities and Communities, Gothenburg; and Lund University, Department of Building and Environmental Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Lund, SE.
    Sargon Orahim, Allanmikel
    RISE.
    von Platten, Jenny
    RISE—Research Institutes of Sweden, Division of Built Environment, Gothenburg; and Lund University, Department of Building and Environmental Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Lund, SE.
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Sustainability Assessment and Management.
    Sharing indoor space: stakeholders’ perspectives and energy metrics2020In: Buildings and Cities, ISSN 2632-6655, p. 70-85Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The sharing of indoor space can improve space and energy efficiency. The drivers and barriers to space-sharing initiatives are investigated from the perspectives of building users and building sector practitioners, based on interviews and a workshop. The role of energy performance metrics in promoting space efficiency is further analysed through a literature review. From the users’ perspective, space sharing can be understood through the interplay between tangible aspects (e.g. concrete benefits derived from sharing), organisational aspects (e.g. common decision processes and conflict resolution) and social aspects (e.g. group identity and consensus on appropriate behaviours). From the perspective of architects and property owners, shareable spaces require features such as flexibility and multifunctionality. The design of such spaces is limited by regulatory issues (e.g. building regulations poorly accommodate shared facilities) and business-related issues. One such issue is that building performance metrics normalised based on floor area do not incentivise the efficient use of space. A review of complementary metrics is provided, covering parameters such as number of users, layout, time of use, etc. Each metric serves a particular purpose; therefore, a set of complementary metrics can be used to support decisions at different phases of the building’s life cycle.

     

    Practice relevance

    Improving space efficiency (e.g. by sharing indoor space) is a key strategy to meet simultaneously the future demand for facilities in cities and fulfil environmental objectives such as a reduction of climate change impact in the building sector. A clearer understanding of the specificities of space sharing is provided from the perspectives of building users and practitioners. This will assist practitioners to understand the needs of other stakeholders. Regulatory and business-related barriers to space-sharing initiatives are highlighted as a first step towards overcoming these barriers. Guidance is provided on complementary energy performance metrics appropriate for space efficiency. These metrics can be used to support various decisions during the different stages of a building’s life cycle.

  • 26.
    Francart, Nicolas
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Sustainability Assessment and Management.
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Sustainability Assessment and Management.
    Investigation of maintenance and replacement of materials in building LCA2020In: IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, IOP Publishing , 2020, Vol. 588, no 3, p. 032027-Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Recent life cycle assessments (LCAs) of buildings highlight the importance of global warming potential from construction materials, in particular in energy-efficient buildings. It is therefore important to address the influence of methodological choices related to materials on LCA results. This paper focuses on scenarios for the maintenance and replacement of building elements. Methods: A literature review is carried out to summarize the state of the art regarding scenarios for maintenance and replacement in building LCA, their influence on LCA results and related methodological issues. Additionally, a case study is carried out to investigate whether assumptions about service lives in LCA could significantly influence the recommended design for a building's roof, using a Monte Carlo analysis considering service lives as stochastic variables. Results: The literature review reveals a broad range of impacts from maintenance and replacement in case studies. There is therefore no consensus about the relative impact of these processes. These differences can be partly explained by differences in scope (e.g. what elements are considered to be replaced and what kinds of processes are included), in methods for service life estimation and in future scenarios for the production and recycling of materials. Relative impacts from maintenance and replacement seem to be highest for energy efficient buildings with a long service life, and for elements such as carpets, paint, insulation, doors and windows. The case study of roofing materials exemplifies a case where assumptions about service lives could influence design decisions. Both the ranking of alternatives and the relative significance of maintenance and replacement processes depend on assumptions about service lives. An asphalt roof cover is preferred when considering only initial installation, but a clay tile roof cover is preferred over asphalt in roughly two thirds of the cases when considering maintenance and replacement. Metal roofs almost always had a poorer environmental performance under the assumptions considered. Conclusions: Results from the case study are compared with previous studies of maintenance and replacement processes, and methodological issues deserving further consideration are highlighted. In particular, the case study is used to discuss the issue of whether a modelling based on independent service lives for various building elements accurately reflects industrial practices. Moreover, the relevance of including maintenance and replacement in regulations and climate declarations for buildings is discussed.

  • 27.
    Francart, Nicolas
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering.
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering.
    Hagbert, Pernilla
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Urban and Regional Studies.
    Climate target fulfilment in scenarios for a sustainable Swedish built environment beyond growth2018In: Futures: The journal of policy, planning and futures studies, ISSN 0016-3287, E-ISSN 1873-6378, Vol. 98, p. 1-18Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper explores opportunities for the built environment to fulfill a far-reaching greenhouse gas (GHG) emission target in Sweden in 2050, in a context of low or no economic growth. A spreadsheet model was created, allowing for a quantitative estimation of GHG emissions and operational energy use for the built environment. Building on previous qualitative descriptions of four future scenarios, the model was run to investigate what reaching the target would require in each scenario. The results can inform policy discussions and provide insights on what strategies appear to be significant, and what they entail in terms of operational energy use in 2050 and cumulated embodied emissions from investments prior to 2050. It thus appears particularly important to decarbonate the energy mix and reduce floor areas through space sharing and optimization. When emission factors for heat and electricity are very low, the climate impact of construction materials becomes an important issue, on par with operational energy use, and strategies aimed at improving construction processes or avoiding new construction gain relevance. Extensive renovation for energy efficiency exhibits in this case a tradeoff between embodied emissions from prior investments and energy use, as decreasing one means increasing the other.

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  • 28.
    Francart, Nicolas
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Sustainability Assessment and Management.
    Polycarpou, Kyriacos
    Open Univ, Sch Engn & Innovat, Milton Keynes, England..
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering.
    Moncaster, Alice
    Open Univ, Sch Engn & Innovat, Milton Keynes, England..
    Demands, default options and definitions: How artefacts mediate sustainability in public housing projects in Sweden and Cyprus2022In: Energy Research & Social Science, ISSN 2214-6296, E-ISSN 2214-6326, Vol. 92, article id 102765Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Sustainable building design practices are influenced by requirements, guidelines, criteria for green procurement and certification, assessment tools such as life cycle assessment, etc. This study investigates how such artefacts support or define aspirations towards sustainability, through case studies of public housing projects in Sweden and Cyprus. The study first illustrates how constraints mediated by artefacts set boundaries to the range of available sustainable design options. On one hand, fulfilling sustainability requirements conveyed in regulations, certifications and directives is a major driver of designers' involvement with sustainable design. On the other hand, cost calculations, procurement laws and development plans exclude certain design options. Moreover, default solutions and standardised design guidelines within the organisation streamline and simplify the design process, indirectly determining what sustainable design options are considered. However, these demands and default options are also bent and adapted on a case-by-case basis. The ways in which sustainable design arises from the interplay between artefacts and actors' agency differed significantly between the Swedish and Cypriot cases. Swedish actors' operational definition of sustainability is strongly codified and enforced through inter-connected artefacts. The Miljo center dot byggnad certification is often a de facto definition of sustainability used by actors to set sustainability criteria and targets. Environmental databases for construction products act as black boxes, implicitly determining what aspects of sustainability are addressed in design decisions. Conversely, Cypriot designers' work with sustainability depends to a larger extent on their motivation, experience and ability to convince their peers.

  • 29.
    Francart, Nicolas
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Sustainability Assessment and Management.
    Polycarpou, Kyriacos
    School of Engineering and Innovation, Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom.
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Sustainability Assessment and Management.
    Moncaster, Alice
    How artefacts mediate sustainability in public housing projectsManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The concept of “sustainable building”, in its various interpretations, is becoming increasingly important for policymakers, planners and building sector practitioners. The ways actors work with building sustainability are influenced by requirements, guidelines, criteria for green procurement and certification, assessment tools, internal documents of their company, etc. The present study investigates how such artefacts mediate building design, focusing on how they support or define aspirations towards environmental sustainability. This investigation is based on case studies of public housing projects in Sweden and Cyprus. First of all, the cases indicate that artefacts set boundaries to the range of available sustainable design options. On one hand, regulations, certification systems and directives internal or external to the housing company codify and enforce minimum demands regarding sustainability. Several actors mentioned that a major driver of their work with sustainable design was the need to fulfil requirements set in regulations, plans, directives or procurement documents. On the other hand, cost calculations, procurement laws and requirements in development plans also restrict the range of possible design options. Artefacts also streamline and simplify the design process. The use of predefined or default options, checklists, standardised technical specifications and databases implies that some key design choices are not made within the project itself, but outside of it, when these guidelines and standards are developed. However, these various requirements, constraints and standardised options are often bent and adapted on a case-by-case basis, showing a complex and interdependent relationship between artefacts and actors’ agency. Significant differences were apparent between the Swedish and Cypriot cases. In the Swedish cases, the ways actors understand and operationalise the concept of “sustainable building” is strongly reified, codified and enforced through various interconnected artefacts. The widespread Miljöbyggnad certification is often a de facto definition of sustainability and a reference for actors to set practical sustainability criteria. Third party environmental databases for construction products also create black boxes where environmental performance criteria are unchallenged and not immediately visible to the user. This reification was less noticeable in the Cypriot cases. Cypriot designers’ work with sustainability seemed to depend to a larger extent on their motivation, experience, knowledge, skills and ability to convince their peers. The paper ends with a discussion of implications for the implementation of environmental performance criteria and decision support tools such as life cycle assessment (LCA).

  • 30.
    Francart, Nicolas
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Sustainability Assessment and Management.
    Widström, Torun
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Sustainable Buildings.
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Sustainability Assessment and Management.
    Influence of methodological choices on maintenance and replacement in building LCA2021In: The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, ISSN 0948-3349, E-ISSN 1614-7502, Vol. 26, no 11, p. 2109-2126Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose

    Previous life cycle assessments (LCAs) of buildings and building components show a broad range of values for theimpact of maintenance and replacement, some highlighting these operations as major hotspots while others consider theminsignificant. This article highlights methodological aspects explaining this discrepancy. The influence of three aspects isinvestigated further in a case study of façade materials: the reference study period (RSP), service life data, and the use of around-up number of operations or annualized impacts.

    Methods

    A comparative LCA of seven façade alternatives is carried out as an illustrative case study. For each alternative,global warming potential (GWP) is calculated using three possible RSPs, four possible material service lives (one fromindustry practitioners and low, standard and high values from a generic database), and two possible calculation methods (round-up or annualized impacts).

    Results and discussion

    While the same façade alternative had the lowest GWP in all cases, different methodological choicessignificantly affected the GWP and respective ranking of other alternatives. Some alternatives showed a significant increasein GWP over longer RSPs, while others were still dominated by the impact of initial production after 200 years. In nearlyall cases, generic service life data lead to a higher GWP than data from industry practitioners. Major discrepancies werefound between generic and practitioner data in some cases, e.g., for the brick façade. In most cases, annualized impacts ledto a slightly lower (or equal) GWP than using a round-up number of operations. However, when a major operation happensshortly before the end of the RSP, the annualized method leads to considerably lower GWP.

    Conclusions

    Maintenance and replacement are rarely significant over a 50-year RSP but sometimes become hotspots overlonger RSPs. Using round-up operations or annualized impacts does not make much difference in average, but leads to significantlydifferent results in specific cases. As building LCA enters certification and regulation, there is a need to harmonizesuch methodological choices, as they affect LCA results, hotspot identification, and recommendations. Discrepancies inservice life data also call for the gathering of reliable data.

  • 31.
    Glaumann, Mauritz
    et al.
    University of Gävle.
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Environmental Strategies.
    Assessing the environmental efficiency of Buildings2005In: Methodologies in housing research / [ed] Vestbro, D-U., Hürol, Y., and Wilkinson, N, Tyne&Wear, Great Britain: The Urban International Press , 2005Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 32.
    Glaumann, Mauritz
    et al.
    University of Gävle.
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Environmental Strategies.
    Miljövärdering av bebyggelse – EcoEffect-metoden: Bakgrund och sammanfattande beskrivning2007Report (Other academic)
  • 33.
    Glaumann, Mauritz
    et al.
    University of Gävle.
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Environmental Strategies.
    Peuportier, Bruno
    Wetzel, Christian
    Scarpellini, Sabina
    Zabalza, Ignacio
    Dias de Garayo, Sergio
    Staller, Heimo
    Krigsvoll, Guri
    Stoykova, Evelina
    Horvath, Sarah
    Szalay, Zsuzsa
    Degiovanni, Valeria
    GUIDELINES FOR LCA CALCULATIONS IN EARLY DESIGN PHASES2010Report (Other academic)
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  • 34. Glaumann, Mauritz
    et al.
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Environmental Strategies.
    Peuportier, Bruno
    ARMINES.
    Wetzel, Christian
    CALCON.
    Scarpellini, Sabina
    CIRCE.
    Zabalza, Ignacio
    CIRCE.
    Díaz de Garayo, Sergio
    CIRCE.
    Staller, Heimo
    IFZ.
    Krigsvoll, Guri
    SINTEF.
    Stoykova, Evelina
    SEC.
    Horváth, Sarah
    EMI.
    Zsuzsa Szalay, EMI, Zsuzsa Szalay, EMI
    Zsuzsa Szalay, EMI.
    Degiovanni, Valeria
    ECOFYS.
    Riktlinjer för LCA beräkningar i tidiga byggnadsskeden2010Report (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 35.
    Glaumann, Mauritz
    et al.
    University of Gävle.
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Environmental Strategies.
    Svenfelt, Åsa
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Environmental Strategies.
    Carlson, Per-Olof
    Erlandsson, Martin
    Andersson, Johnny
    Wintzell, Helene
    Finnveden, Göran
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Environmental Strategies.
    Lindholm, Torbjörn
    Malmström, Tor-Göran
    Miljöklassning av byggnader: Slutrapport2008Report (Other academic)
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  • 36. Glaumann, Mauritz
    et al.
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Environmental Strategies.
    Wallhagen, Marita
    Miljöklassning och miljöpåverkan2009In: Fastighetsnytt, ISSN 1104-8913, no 6Article in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 37.
    Glaumann, Mauritz
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Environmental Strategies.
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Environmental Strategies.
    Wallhagen, Marita
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Environmental Strategies.
    Selecting environmental assessment tool for buildings2011In: Proceedings of 6th World Sustainable Building Conference, SB11 Helsinki, 2011Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 38.
    Glaumann, Mauritz
    et al.
    University of Gävle.
    Svenfelt, Åsa
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment. KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Environmental Strategies Research (fms).
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment.
    Finnveden, Göran
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Environmental Strategies.
    Eriksson, O
    Development of an environmental classification system for buildings through a new kind of dialogue between stakeholders and researchers2006Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 39.
    Glaumann, Mauritz
    et al.
    University of Gävle.
    Svenfelt, Åsa
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Environmental Strategies.
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Environmental Strategies.
    Finnveden, Göran
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Environmental Strategies.
    Eriksson, Ola
    University of Gävle.
    Development of an environmental rating tool for buildings through a new kind of dialogue between stakeholders and researchers2009In: Archnet-IJAR : International Journal of Architectural Research, ISSN 1994-6961, E-ISSN 1938-7806, Vol. 3, no 1, p. 116-130Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Buildings need to be more environmentally benign since the building sector is responsible for about 40% of all of energy and material use in Sweden. For this reason a unique cooperation between companies, municipalities and the Government called “Building-Living and Property Management for the future”, in short “The Building Living Dialogue” has going on since 2003. The project focuses on: a) healthy indoor environment, b) efficient use of energy, and c) efficient resource management. In accordance with the dialogue targets, two research projects were initiated aiming at developing an Environmental rating tool taking into accounts both building sector requirements and expectations and national and interna-tional research findings. This paper describes the first phase in the development work where stake-holders and researchers cooperate. It includes results from inventories and based on this experience discusses procedures for developing assessment tools and what the desirable features of a broadly accepted building rating tool could be.

  • 40.
    Gunnarsson-Östling, Ulrika
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Sustainability Assessment and Management. KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Urban and Regional Studies. KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Strategic Sustainability Studies.
    Svenfelt, Åsa
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Strategic Sustainability Studies. KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment.
    Alfredsson, Eva
    Aretun, Åsa
    Bradley, Karin
    Fauré, Eléonore
    Fuehrer, Paul
    Hagbert, Pernilla
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Urban and Regional Studies.
    Isaksson, Karolina
    Malmaéus, Mikael
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment. KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture. KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Sustainability Assessment and Management.
    Buhr, Katarina
    Finnveden, Göran
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Sustainability Assessment and Management.
    Francart, Nicolas
    Hornborg, Alf
    Stigson, Peter
    Öhlund, Erika
    Scenarier för hållbart samhällsbyggande bortom BNP-tillväxt2017Report (Other academic)
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  • 41.
    Hagbert, Pernilla
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Urban and Regional Studies.
    Finnveden, Göran
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Sustainability Assessment and Management.
    Feuhrer, Paul
    Södertörn .
    Svenfelt, Åsa
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Strategic Sustainability Studies.
    Alfredsson, Eva
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Strategic Sustainability Studies.
    Aretun, Åsa
    VTI.
    Bradley, Karin
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Urban and Regional Studies.
    Callmer, Åsa
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment.
    Fauré, Eléonore
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Strategic Sustainability Studies.
    Gunnarsson-Östling, Ulrika
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Strategic Sustainability Studies.
    Hedberg, Marie
    IVL.
    Hornborg, Alf
    Lunds Universitet.
    Isaksson, Karolina
    VTI.
    Malmaeus, Mikael
    IVL.
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Sustainability Assessment and Management.
    Nyblom, Åsa
    IVL.
    Skånberg, Kristian
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Strategic Sustainability Studies.
    Öhlund, Erika
    Södertörn.
    Futures Beyond GDP Growth: Final report from the research program 'Beyond GDP Growth: Scenarios for sustainable building and planning'2019Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    A future society no longer based on economic growth – what would that look like?The research program “Beyond GDP Growth: Scenarios for sustainable building and planning” (www.bortombnptillvaxt.se) is a strong research environment funded by the Swedish Research CouncilFormas, which has run between 2014 and 2018. In collaboration with societal partners, the program hasgathered researchers from diferent disciplines to explore key issues and conditions for planning for asustainable future beyond GDP growth. This is a relevant contribution to a largely under-researchedarea, where few scientific studies have explored what a sustainable society could look like, and what asustainable economy that is not based on growth might actually mean.In economic and political discussions, the notion of continuous economic growth is often taken forgranted and seen as a prerequisite for a safe and sustainable societal development. At the same time,a blind faith in and expectations surrounding growth can constitute a threat to the development of asustainable society if growth declines. Also an optimistic prognosis from the OECD indicates that it islikely that future GDP growth will be lower than what has come to be seen as the normal level duringthe second half of the 20th century. Declining economic growth could mean risks for increased socialgaps and unemployment. However, economic models show that the possibilities for handling these risksincrease if there is an awareness of them, and if this is addressed politically. Therefore, it is important tonot just assume continued economic growth, but to plan also for alternative scenarios.A starting point for the research program has been an understanding of the significant transitionsneeded to approach a safe and just operating space for humanity within planetary boundaries. Fourgoals that should be met in order to consider the societal development sustainable were specified: twoenvironmental goals related to climate and land use, and two social goals regarding power, influence andparticipation, and welfare and resource security.Four scenarios for Sweden 2050 were developed, which show the diferent directions society could taketo reach the set sustainability goals. The scenarios illustrate future societies that do not have to build onthe current economic logic, but that instead are centred around four alternative strategies:Collaborative EconomyLocal Self-SufciencyAutomation for Quality of LifeCircular Economy in the Welfare StateSo, can we reach the selected sustainability targets in the four future scenarios? A transformation ofhistorical proportions are needed – and it needs to start immediately. According to the sustainabilityassessment conducted within the project, the environmental goals of climate and land use can be reachedin all scenarios, even though it demands changing multiple parameters at the same time. Nothing pointsto it being impossible or generally difcult to achieve the social goals in the four scenarios, however theremight be diferent aspects that are particularly tricky. There are both development potentials and risks,which can be diametrically opposite for diferent social groups and parts of the country, depending onthe local prerequisites.Many diferent images of sustainable futures are needed. The scenarios should be seen as a tool fordiscussion and analysis when it comes to planning for a sustainable societal development beyondGDP growth. They challenge notions of what is possible, what changes that can and should be made,6what decisions that are needed and what should be prioritized. The scenarios all suggest a largechange compared the current development trajectory, and for example all point towards the need forredistribution of resources. It might involve economic resources, but could also relate to power andinfluence over production, or the possibility to use land for production of food, materials and energy.This redistribution could happen according to diferent principles in the diferent scenarios.In all the scenarios, the consumption of goods and of meat is reduced. Flight travel also needs to bedrastically reduced to reach the climate target. There is furthermore a need for reducing the constructionof both housing and road infrastructure, although to varying extents in the four scenarios. Other aspectssuch as working hours, the organization of welfare systems, the characteristics of the built environmentand the amount of infrastructure needed are on the other hand diferent in the diferent scenarios.The research program has explored what a development that isn't based on economic growth, in linewith the strategies that are depicted in the scenarios, would mean for rural as well as urban conditions.Three case study municipalities were selected with regards to their diferent geographical location,built form, economic development and size of the population: Övertorneå, Alingsås and Malmö. Insome sub-studies in these diferent contexts, descriptions emerged of cognitive as well as structuralbarriers, a sense of powerlessness and a weak capacity for transition among diferent actors. This isconnected to expectations and general assumptions regarding growth, partly irrespective of the context.Municipalities and companies to a large extent plan for and expect a societal development that buildsupon a further expansion of infrastructure, transport and consumption. Despite visions for sustainabledevelopment, in practice this often leads to a reproduction of current unsustainable structures and waysof life.At the same time, specific empirical studies within the project point toward stories of self-sufciency,of regional upswings and that the population is more important than GDP. There is an increasedawareness and a multitude of examples of experimenting with new sustainable practices that constituteseeds for change. Critiques against planning for continuous growth is being taken more seriously andclearer political visions are demanded. New forms of organizing the economy, society and welfare arealso being developed. Some examples include working from a perspective on socio-ecological justice,integration of sustainability targets in all planning, and developing new roles for consumers andproducers. These ideas can be seen as windows of opportunity, but also show that change can happenwithin the current system.The future means change. In this research program, we point towards some possible futures that aimat reaching certain sustainability targets. The scenarios and the discussion and analysis that they havebrought about show that there is an opportunity to move towards a sustainable development withmaintained or even increased well-being – provided that the understanding of well-being is based onother values than those of our current society. For these possible future trajectories to gain support,there is a need of political instruments and measures that actively drive the development towards a justand safe operating space for humanity

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  • 42.
    Hagbert, Pernilla
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Urban and Regional Studies.
    Finnveden, Göran
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Sustainability Assessment and Management.
    Fuehrer, Paul
    Svenfelt, Åsa
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Strategic Sustainability Studies.
    Alfredsson, Eva
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Strategic Sustainability Studies.
    Aretun, Åsa
    Bradley, Karin
    Callmer, Åsa
    Fauré, Eléonore
    Gunnarsson-Östling, Ulrika
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment.
    Hedberg, Marie
    Hornborg, Alf
    Isaksson, Karolina
    Malmaeus, Mikael
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment. KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering.
    Nyblom, Åsa
    Skånberg, Kristian
    Öhlund, Erika
    Framtider bortom BNP-tillväxt: slutrapport från forskningsprogrammet "Bortom BNP-tillväxt: scenarier för hållbart samhällsbyggande"2018Report (Other academic)
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  • 43.
    Hagbert, Pernilla
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Urban and Regional Studies.
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Sustainability Assessment and Management.
    Actors in transition: shifting roles in Swedish sustainable housing development2019In: Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, ISSN 1566-4910, E-ISSN 1573-7772Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In planning for a future that fulfils sustainability goals, there is a need to explore how roles taken in socio-ecological transitions are perceived among different types of actors. Empirical insights from interviews with diverse actors involved in Swedish housing development are presented, addressing the roles, conflicting logics and power relations between different sectoral categories of actors and at different organizational levels. Key aspects that emerge relate to the shift from state to market in contemporary Swedish housing development, where private companies emphasize their role in shaping societal development as inherent to working with sustainability. Conflicting logics can be found between short-term economic interests and long-term planning and policy, as well as intra-organizational differences in competency and leadership. Conclusions point to that the role of third sector or community actors in pushing agendas and norms to bring about transitions could be acknowledged further. Yet there is a need to examine the power relations currently reproduced, and how these could be challenged in future housing development. This includes critically assessing the potential for new types of actors and cross-sectoral collaborations, but also instigating more fundamental discussions of the kind of society strived for, and the radical transitions needed.

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  • 44.
    Harala, Linnea
    et al.
    Tampere Univ, Unit Ind Engn & Management, Korkeakoulunkatu 7, Tampere 33720, Finland..
    Alkki, Lauri
    Tampere Univ, Unit Ind Engn & Management, Korkeakoulunkatu 7, Tampere 33720, Finland..
    Aarikka-Stenroos, Leena
    Tampere Univ, Unit Ind Engn & Management, Korkeakoulunkatu 7, Tampere 33720, Finland..
    Al-Najjar, Ahmad
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Sustainability Assessment and Management.
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment. KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture. KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Sustainability Assessment and Management.
    Industrial ecosystem renewal towards circularity to achieve the benefits of reuse- Learning from circular construction2023In: Journal of Cleaner Production, ISSN 0959-6526, E-ISSN 1879-1786, Vol. 389, p. 135885-, article id 135885Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    To enable an industry-level transition towards the circular economy, complementary companies and other actors from the focal industry sector, resembling an industrial ecosystem, can jointly increase circulation via reuse or recycling in the system. Although all involved actors must benefit from doing so if their engagement is to be secured, little is known about how industrial ecosystem renewal towards circularity creates benefits. Therefore, this study aims to contribute by applying ecosystem and circular industry development approaches to examine how industrial ecosystems change towards circularity, particularly in regard to the little-studied reuse principle, and identify the diverse benefits of an industry's shift towards circularity via reuse. Thus, this study examines changing industrial ecosystems in the construction industry which have high environmental impacts and focuses on the needed changes to the roles, interactions, and perceptions of ecosystem actors and the diverse benefits gained by increased reuse at company, industry, and societal levels. We conducted an extensive multiple-case study of two industrial ecosystems, namely pilot projects addressing concrete-element reuse, in Finland and Sweden and gathered extensive data covering over 20 interviews, over 18 months of ethnography, and over 300 documents. Our findings show that industrial ecosystems' renewal towards circularity requires changes in the ecosystem actors' roles (role expansions and emergence of new roles), interactions (communication, collabo-ration mindset, utilization of tools), and perceptions (understanding the value of circulated resources, design thinking, and change resistance to conformity). We found that such changes towards circularity generate benefits at the micro level to companies (direct business, competence, and work satisfaction benefits), at the meso level to the industry (environmental, competition, and industry feasibility benefits) and at the macro level to society (environment and employment benefits). Pragmatically, we provide insights and tools for development, business, and sustainability managers, industry associations, and policymakers seeking an increase in circular practices and principles among the industry sectors, involved companies, and surrounding society. Our study contributes to industry-level and sectoral circular economy transformation, reuse, circular construction, and ecosystem research.

  • 45.
    Hult, Marie
    et al.
    Högskolan i Gävle.
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Environmental Strategies.
    Miljövärdering av bebyggelse.: Innemiljövärdering EcoEffect-metoden2008Report (Other academic)
  • 46.
    Kharazmi, Parastou
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE).
    Berglund, Daniel
    KTH.
    Miliutenko, Sofiia
    KTH.
    Björk, Folke
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering.
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Sustainability Assessment and Management.
    Comparative Life-Cycle Assessment for Renovation Methods of Waste-Water Sewerage Systems in Apartment Buildings – Comprehensive Data used in SimaPro for Model and Analyse LCA2018Data set
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    dataset
  • 47. Larsson, Mathias
    et al.
    Erlandsson, Martin
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering.
    Byggandets klimatpåverkan för ett flerbostadshus med yttervägg och stomme av korslimmat trä - kvarteret Strandparken: Sammanfattningsrapport2016Report (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 48. Larsson, Mathias
    et al.
    Erlandsson, Martin
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering.
    Kellner, Johnny
    Byggandets klimatpåverkan: Livscykelberäkning av klimatpåverkan för ett nyproducerat flerbostadshus med massiv stomme av trä2016Report (Other academic)
  • 49.
    Liljenström, Carolina
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Environmental Strategies Research (fms).
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Environmental Strategies Research (fms).
    Resource use and greenhouse gas emissions of office fit-outs - A case study2016In: CESB 2016 - Central Europe Towards Sustainable Building 2016: Innovations for Sustainable Future, Grada Publishing, 2016, p. 182-189Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this paper was to investigate the type and quantity of material resources used and waste generated in an office fit-out project, and to quantif' the embodied energy and greenhouse gas emissions associated with the fit-out. The study was performed for an office lit-out project, typical for large property owners and attractive office premises, in an office building in central Stockholm, Sweden. The total embodied greenhouse gas emissions of the fit-out project amounted to 74.5 kg C02-equivalents/m2 and the total embodied energy to 1 .7 Gum2. Depending on frequency of fit-outs, the embodied greenhouse gas emissions and energy of fit-outs could exceed the embodied greenhouse gas emissions and energy of the initial construction or operational energy use seen in a life-cycle perspective.

  • 50.
    Liljenström, Carolina
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Environmental Strategies Research (fms).
    Malmqvist, Tove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Environmental Strategies Research (fms).
    Erlandsson, Martin
    IVL Svenska Miljöinstitutet.
    Fredén, Johanna
    IVL Svenska Miljöinstitutet.
    Adolfsson, Ida
    IVL Svenska Miljöinstitutet.
    Larsson, Gustav
    Skanska Sverige AB, Grön affärsutveckling.
    Brogren, Maria
    Sveriges Byggindustrier.
    Byggandets klimatpåverkan: Livscykelberäkning av klimatpåverkan och energianvändning för ett nyproducerat energieffektivt flerbostadshus i betong2015Report (Other academic)
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