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  • 1.
    Barthelmi, K.
    et al.
    Tech Univ Munich, Walter Schottky Inst, Coulombwall 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany.;Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, Coulombwall 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany.;Munich Ctr Quantum Sci & Technol MCQST, Schellingstr 4, D-80799 Munich, Germany..
    Klein, J.
    Tech Univ Munich, Walter Schottky Inst, Coulombwall 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany.;Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, Coulombwall 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany.;Munich Ctr Quantum Sci & Technol MCQST, Schellingstr 4, D-80799 Munich, Germany.;MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA..
    Hoetger, A.
    Tech Univ Munich, Walter Schottky Inst, Coulombwall 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany.;Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, Coulombwall 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany.;Munich Ctr Quantum Sci & Technol MCQST, Schellingstr 4, D-80799 Munich, Germany..
    Sigl, L.
    Tech Univ Munich, Walter Schottky Inst, Coulombwall 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany.;Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, Coulombwall 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany.;Munich Ctr Quantum Sci & Technol MCQST, Schellingstr 4, D-80799 Munich, Germany..
    Sigger, F.
    Tech Univ Munich, Walter Schottky Inst, Coulombwall 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany.;Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, Coulombwall 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany.;Munich Ctr Quantum Sci & Technol MCQST, Schellingstr 4, D-80799 Munich, Germany..
    Mitterreiter, E.
    Tech Univ Munich, Walter Schottky Inst, Coulombwall 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany.;Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, Coulombwall 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany.;Munich Ctr Quantum Sci & Technol MCQST, Schellingstr 4, D-80799 Munich, Germany..
    Rey, S.
    Tech Univ Munich, Walter Schottky Inst, Coulombwall 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany.;Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, Coulombwall 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany.;Munich Ctr Quantum Sci & Technol MCQST, Schellingstr 4, D-80799 Munich, Germany..
    Gyger, Samuel
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics. Albanova Univ Ctr, KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Appl Phys, Roslagstullsbacken 21, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Lorke, M.
    Univ Bremen, Inst Theoret Phys, POB 330 440, D-28334 Bremen, Germany..
    Florian, M.
    Univ Bremen, Inst Theoret Phys, POB 330 440, D-28334 Bremen, Germany..
    Jahnke, F.
    Univ Bremen, Inst Theoret Phys, POB 330 440, D-28334 Bremen, Germany..
    Taniguchi, T.
    Natl Inst Mat Sci, Int Ctr Mat Nanoarchitecton, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050044, Japan..
    Watanabe, K.
    Natl Inst Mat Sci, Res Ctr Funct Mat, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050044, Japan..
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics. Albanova Univ Ctr, KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Appl Phys, Roslagstullsbacken 21, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Jons, K. D.
    Albanova Univ Ctr, KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Appl Phys, Roslagstullsbacken 21, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Wurstbauer, U.
    Univ Munster, Inst Phys, D-48149 Munster, Germany..
    Kastl, C.
    Tech Univ Munich, Walter Schottky Inst, Coulombwall 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany.;Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, Coulombwall 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany.;Munich Ctr Quantum Sci & Technol MCQST, Schellingstr 4, D-80799 Munich, Germany..
    Weber-Bargioni, A.
    Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA..
    Finley, J. J.
    Tech Univ Munich, Walter Schottky Inst, Coulombwall 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany.;Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, Coulombwall 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany.;Munich Ctr Quantum Sci & Technol MCQST, Schellingstr 4, D-80799 Munich, Germany..
    Mueller, K.
    Tech Univ Munich, Walter Schottky Inst, Coulombwall 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany.;Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, Coulombwall 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany.;Munich Ctr Quantum Sci & Technol MCQST, Schellingstr 4, D-80799 Munich, Germany..
    Holleitner, A. W.
    Tech Univ Munich, Walter Schottky Inst, Coulombwall 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany.;Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept, Coulombwall 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany.;Munich Ctr Quantum Sci & Technol MCQST, Schellingstr 4, D-80799 Munich, Germany..
    Atomistic defects as single-photon emitters in atomically thin MoS22020In: Applied Physics Letters, ISSN 0003-6951, E-ISSN 1077-3118, Vol. 117, no 7, article id 070501Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Precisely positioned and scalable single-photon emitters (SPEs) are highly desirable for applications in quantum technology. This Perspective discusses single-photon-emitting atomistic defects in monolayers of MoS2 that can be generated by focused He-ion irradiation with few nanometers positioning accuracy. We present the optical properties of the emitters and the possibilities to implement them into photonic and optoelectronic devices. We showcase the advantages of the presented emitters with respect to atomistic positioning, scalability, long (microsecond) lifetime, and a homogeneous emission energy within ensembles of the emitters. Moreover, we demonstrate that the emitters are stable in energy on a timescale exceeding several weeks and that temperature cycling narrows the ensembles' emission energy distribution.

  • 2.
    Basset, F. Basso
    et al.
    Sapienza Univ Rome, Dept Phys, I-00185 Rome, Italy..
    Rota, M. B.
    Sapienza Univ Rome, Dept Phys, I-00185 Rome, Italy..
    Schimpf, C.
    Johannes Kepler Univ Linz, Inst Semicond & Solid State Phys, A-4040 Linz, Austria..
    Tedeschi, D.
    Sapienza Univ Rome, Dept Phys, I-00185 Rome, Italy..
    Zeuner, Katharina
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    da Silva, S. F. Covre
    Johannes Kepler Univ Linz, Inst Semicond & Solid State Phys, A-4040 Linz, Austria..
    Reindl, M.
    Johannes Kepler Univ Linz, Inst Semicond & Solid State Phys, A-4040 Linz, Austria..
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Jöns, Klaus D.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Rastelli, A.
    Johannes Kepler Univ Linz, Inst Semicond & Solid State Phys, A-4040 Linz, Austria..
    Trotta, R.
    Sapienza Univ Rome, Dept Phys, I-00185 Rome, Italy..
    Entanglement Swapping with Photons Generated on Demand by a Quantum Dot2019In: Physical Review Letters, ISSN 0031-9007, E-ISSN 1079-7114, Vol. 123, no 16, article id 160501Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Photonic entanglement swapping, the procedure of entangling photons without any direct interaction, is a fundamental test of quantum mechanics and an essential resource to the realization of quantum networks. Probabilistic sources of nonclassical light were used for seminal demonstration of entanglement swapping, but applications in quantum technologies demand push-button operation requiring single quantum emitters. This, however, turned out to be an extraordinary challenge due to the stringent prerequisites on the efficiency and purity of the generation of entangled states. Here we show a proof-of-concept demonstration of all-photonic entanglement swapping with pairs of polarization-entangled photons generated on demand by a GaAs quantum dot without spectral and temporal filtering. Moreover, we develop a theoretical model that quantitatively reproduces the experimental data and provides insights on the critical figures of merit for the performance of the swapping operation. Our theoretical analysis also indicates how to improve stateof-the-art entangled-photon sources to meet the requirements needed for implementation of quantum dots in long-distance quantum communication protocols.

  • 3.
    Basso Basset, F.
    et al.
    Sapienza Univ Rome, Dept Phys, I-00185 Rome, Italy..
    Salusti, F.
    Sapienza Univ Rome, Dept Phys, I-00185 Rome, Italy..
    Schweickert, Lucas
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Rota, M. B.
    Sapienza Univ Rome, Dept Phys, I-00185 Rome, Italy..
    Tedeschi, D.
    Sapienza Univ Rome, Dept Phys, I-00185 Rome, Italy..
    Covre da Silva, S. F.
    Johannes Kepler Univ Linz, Inst Semicond & Solid State Phys, A-4040 Linz, Austria..
    Roccia, E.
    Sapienza Univ Rome, Dept Phys, I-00185 Rome, Italy..
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Jöns, Klaus D.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics. Paderborn Univ, Dept Phys, D-33098 Paderborn, Germany..
    Rastelli, A.
    Johannes Kepler Univ Linz, Inst Semicond & Solid State Phys, A-4040 Linz, Austria..
    Trotta, R.
    Sapienza Univ Rome, Dept Phys, I-00185 Rome, Italy..
    Quantum teleportation with imperfect quantum dots2021In: NPJ QUANTUM INFORMATION, ISSN 2056-6387, Vol. 7, no 1, article id 7Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Efficient all-photonic quantum teleportation requires fast and deterministic sources of highly indistinguishable and entangled photons. Solid-state-based quantum emitters-notably semiconductor quantum dots-are a promising candidate for the role. However, despite the remarkable progress in nanofabrication, proof-of-concept demonstrations of quantum teleportation have highlighted that imperfections of the emitter still place a major roadblock in the way of applications. Here, rather than focusing on source optimization strategies, we deal with imperfections and study different teleportation protocols with the goal of identifying the one with maximal teleportation fidelity. Using a quantum dot with sub-par values of entanglement and photon indistinguishability, we show that the average teleportation fidelity can be raised from below the classical limit to 0.842(14), adopting a polarization-selective Bell state measurement and moderate spectral filtering. Our results, which are backed by a theoretical model that quantitatively explains the experimental findings, loosen the very stringent requirements set on the ideal entangled-photon source and highlight that imperfect quantum dots can still have a say in teleportation-based quantum communication architectures.

  • 4. Bavinck, Maaike Bouwes
    et al.
    Jons, Klaus D.
    Zielinski, Michal
    Patriarche, Gilles
    Harmand, Jean-Christophe
    Akopian, Nika
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics. Delft Univ Techno, Netherlands.
    Photon Cascade from a Single Crystal Phase Nanowire Quantum Dot2016In: Nano letters (Print), ISSN 1530-6984, E-ISSN 1530-6992, Vol. 16, no 2, p. 1081-1085Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We report the first comprehensive experimental and theoretical study of the optical properties of single crystal phase quantum dots in InP nanowires. Crystal phase quantum dots are defined by a transition in the crystallographic lattice between zinc blende and wurtzite segments and therefore offer unprecedented potential to be controlled with atomic layer accuracy without random alloying. We show for the first time that crystal phase quantum dots are a source of pure single-photons and cascaded photon-pairs from type II transitions with excellent optical properties in terms of intensity and line width. We notice that the emission spectra consist often of two peaks close in energy, which we explain with a comprehensive theory showing that the symmetry of the system plays a crucial role for the hole levels forming hybridized orbitals. Our results state that crystal phase quantum dots have promising quantum optical properties for single photon application and quantum optics.

  • 5.
    Becher, Christoph
    et al.
    Fachrichtung Physik, Universität des Saarlandes, Campus E2.6, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany.
    Gao, Weibo
    The Photonics Institute and Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore; Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
    Kar, Swastik
    Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America.
    Marciniak, Christian D.
    Universität Innsbruck, Institut für Experimentalphysik, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
    Monz, Thomas
    Universität Innsbruck, Institut für Experimentalphysik, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; AQT, Innsbruck 6020, Austria.
    Bartholomew, John G.
    Centre for Engineered Quantum Systems, School of Physics & Sydney Nanoscience Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
    Goldner, Philippe
    Chimie ParisTech, CNRS, PSL University, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, Paris, France.
    Loh, Huanqian
    National University of Singapore, Singapore.
    Marcellina, Elizabeth
    Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
    Goh, Kuan Eng Johnson
    National University of Singapore, Singapore; Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.
    Koh, Teck Seng
    Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
    Weber, Bent
    Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
    Mu, Zhao
    Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore.
    Tsai, Jeng Yuan
    Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America.
    Yan, Qimin
    Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America.
    Huber-Loyola, Tobias
    Technische Physik, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
    Höfling, Sven
    Technische Physik, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
    Gyger, Samuel
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Steinhauer, Stephan
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    2023 roadmap for materials for quantum technologies2023In: Materials for Quantum Technology, E-ISSN 2633-4356, Vol. 3, no 1, article id 012501Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Quantum technologies are poised to move the foundational principles of quantum physics to the forefront of applications. This roadmap identifies some of the key challenges and provides insights on material innovations underlying a range of exciting quantum technology frontiers. Over the past decades, hardware platforms enabling different quantum technologies have reached varying levels of maturity. This has allowed for first proof-of-principle demonstrations of quantum supremacy, for example quantum computers surpassing their classical counterparts, quantum communication with reliable security guaranteed by laws of quantum mechanics, and quantum sensors uniting the advantages of high sensitivity, high spatial resolution, and small footprints. In all cases, however, advancing these technologies to the next level of applications in relevant environments requires further development and innovations in the underlying materials. From a wealth of hardware platforms, we select representative and promising material systems in currently investigated quantum technologies. These include both the inherent quantum bit systems and materials playing supportive or enabling roles, and cover trapped ions, neutral atom arrays, rare earth ion systems, donors in silicon, color centers and defects in wide-band gap materials, two-dimensional materials and superconducting materials for single-photon detectors. Advancing these materials frontiers will require innovations from a diverse community of scientific expertise, and hence this roadmap will be of interest to a broad spectrum of disciplines.

  • 6. Bienfang, J. C.
    et al.
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Steinhauer, Stephan
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Materials, devices, and systems for high-speed single-photon counting2022In: MRS bulletin, ISSN 0883-7694, E-ISSN 1938-1425, Vol. 47, no 5, p. 494-501Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Optical communications and high-speed optoelectronics are enabling technologies for modern information networks. Driven by the need for improved bandwidth, high efficiency, and low noise, advances over the last decades have led to high-performance photodetectors operating at the quantum limit. In particular, single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) and superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) provide excellent performance in terms of high detection efficiency and low noise. In this article, we highlight materials challenges in these detectors and review recent progress on devices, and systems for high-count-rate single-photon counting with SPADs and SNSPDs. Device configurations specifically designed for high-speed optoelectronics are discussed, including active detector readout schemes. Advantages and tradeoffs of the different device technologies are summarized and compared, providing an outlook on future prospects for performance optimization and emerging applications. 

  • 7.
    Branny, Artur
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Didier, Pierre
    Grenoble INP Phelma, F-38031 Grenoble, France..
    Zichi, Julien
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Zadeh, Iman E.
    Delft Univ Technol, ImPhys Dept, Fac Sci Appl, Opt Res Grp, NL-2628 Delft, Netherlands..
    Steinhauer, Stephan
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Vogt, Ulrich
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Biomedical and X-ray Physics.
    X-Ray Induced Secondary Particle Counting With Thin NbTiN Nanowire Superconducting Detector2021In: IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity (Print), ISSN 1051-8223, E-ISSN 1558-2515, Vol. 31, no 4, article id 2200305Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We characterized the performance of abiased superconducting nanowire to detect X-ray photons. The device, made of a 10 nm thin NbTiN film and fabricated on a dielectric substrate (SiO2, Nb3O5) detected 1000 times larger signal than anticipated from direct X-ray absorption. We attributed this effect to X-ray induced generation of secondary particles in the substrate. The enhancement corresponds to an increase in the flux by the factor of 3.6, relative to a state-of-the-art commercial X-ray silicon drift detector. The detector exhibited 8.25 ns temporal recovery time and 82 ps timing resolution, measured using optical photons. Our results emphasize the importance of the substrate in superconducting X-ray single photon detectors.

  • 8.
    Brodu, Annalisa
    et al.
    Univ Utrecht, Debye Inst Nanomat Sci, NL-3584 CC Utrecht, Netherlands..
    Ballottin, Mariana V.
    Radboud Univ Nijmegen, High Field Magnet Lab, HFML EMFL, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands..
    Buhot, Jonathan
    Radboud Univ Nijmegen, High Field Magnet Lab, HFML EMFL, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands..
    van Harten, Elleke J.
    Univ Utrecht, Debye Inst Nanomat Sci, NL-3584 CC Utrecht, Netherlands..
    Dupont, Dorian
    Univ Ghent, Phys & Chem Nanostruct, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    La Porta, Andrea
    Univ Antwerp, EMAT, Electron Microscopy Mat Res, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium..
    Prins, P. Tim
    Univ Utrecht, Debye Inst Nanomat Sci, NL-3584 CC Utrecht, Netherlands..
    Tessier, Mickael D.
    Univ Ghent, Phys & Chem Nanostruct, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Versteegh, Marijn A. M.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Bals, Sara
    Univ Antwerp, EMAT, Electron Microscopy Mat Res, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium..
    Hens, Zeger
    Univ Ghent, Phys & Chem Nanostruct, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Rabouw, Freddy T.
    Univ Utrecht, Debye Inst Nanomat Sci, NL-3584 CC Utrecht, Netherlands..
    Christianen, Peter C. M.
    Radboud Univ Nijmegen, High Field Magnet Lab, HFML EMFL, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands..
    Donega, Celso de Mello
    Univ Utrecht, Debye Inst Nanomat Sci, NL-3584 CC Utrecht, Netherlands..
    Vanmaekelbergh, Daniel
    Univ Utrecht, Debye Inst Nanomat Sci, NL-3584 CC Utrecht, Netherlands..
    Exciton Fine Structure and Lattice Dynamics in InP/ZnSe Core/Shell Quantum Dots2018In: ACS Photonics, E-ISSN 2330-4022, Vol. 5, no 8, p. 3353-3362Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Nanocrystalline InP quantum dots (QDs) hold promise for heavy-metal-free optoelectronic applications due to their bright and size tunable emission in the visible range. Photochemical stability and high photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield are obtained by a diversity of epitaxial shells around the InP core. To understand and optimize the emission line shapes, the exciton fine structure of InP core/shell QD systems needs be investigated. Here, we study the exciton fine structure of InP/ZnSe core/shell QDs with core diameters ranging from 2.9 to 3.6 nm (PL peak from 2.3 to 1.95 eV at 4 K). PL decay measurements as a function of temperature in the 10 mK to 300 K range show that the lowest exciton fine structure state is a dark state, from which radiative recombination is assisted by coupling to confined acoustic phonons with energies ranging from 4 to 7 meV, depending on the core diameter. Circularly polarized fluorescence line-narrowing (FLN) spectroscopy at 4 K under high magnetic fields (up to 30 T) demonstrates that radiative recombination from the dark F = +/- 2 state involves acoustic and optical phonons, from both the InP core and the ZnSe shell. Our data indicate that the highest intensity FLN peak is an acoustic phonon replica rather than a zero-phonon line, implying that the energy separation observed between the F = +/- 1 state and the highest intensity peak in the FLN spectra (6 to 16 meV, depending on the InP core size) is larger than the splitting between the dark and bright fine structure exciton states.

  • 9. Cavalli, Alessandro
    et al.
    Wang, Jia
    Zadeh, Iman Esmaeil
    Reimer, Michael E.
    Verheijen, Marcel A.
    Soini, Martin
    Plissard, Sebastien R.
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum Electronics and Quantum Optics, QEO.
    Haverkort, Jos E. M.
    Bakkers, Erik P. A. M.
    High-Yield Growth and Characterization of < 100 > InP p-n Diode Nanowires2016In: Nano letters (Print), ISSN 1530-6984, E-ISSN 1530-6992, Vol. 16, no 5, p. 3071-3077Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Semiconductor nanowires are nanoscale structures holding promise in many fields such as optoelectronics, quantum computing, and thermoelectrics. Nanowires are usually grown vertically on (111)-oriented substrates, while (100) is the standard in semiconductor technology. The ability to grow and to control impurity doping of (100) nanowires is crucial for integration. Here, we discuss doping of single-crystalline < 100 > nanowires, and the structural and optoelectronic properties of p-n junctions based on < 100 > InP nanowires. We describe a novel approach to achieve low resistance electrical contacts to nanowires via a gradual interface based on p-doped InAsP. As a first demonstration in optoelectronic devices, we realize a single nanowire light emitting diode in a < 100 >-oriented InP nanowire p-n junction. To obtain high vertical yield, which is necessary for future applications, we investigate the effect of the introduction of dopants on the nanowire growth.

  • 10.
    Chang, J.
    et al.
    Delft Univ Technol, Fac Appl Sci, ImPhys Dept, Opt Res Grp, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands.;Single Quantum BV, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Los, J. W. N.
    Single Quantum BV, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Tenorio-Pearl, J. O.
    Single Quantum BV, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Noordzij, N.
    Single Quantum BV, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Gourgues, R.
    Single Quantum BV, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Guardiani, A.
    Single Quantum BV, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Zichi, Julien
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Pereira, S. F.
    Delft Univ Technol, Fac Appl Sci, ImPhys Dept, Opt Res Grp, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Urbach, H. P.
    Delft Univ Technol, Fac Appl Sci, ImPhys Dept, Opt Res Grp, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics. Single Quantum B.V., Delft, 2628 CJ, Netherlands.
    Dorenbos, S. N.
    Single Quantum BV, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Esmaeil Zadeh, I.
    Delft Univ Technol, Fac Appl Sci, ImPhys Dept, Opt Res Grp, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands.;Single Quantum BV, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Detecting telecom single photons with (99.5(-2.07)(+0.5))% system detection efficiency and high time resolution2021In: APL Photonics, ISSN 2378-0967, Vol. 6, no 3, article id 036114Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Single photon detectors are indispensable tools in optics, from fundamental measurements to quantum information processing. The ability of superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs) to detect single photons with unprecedented efficiency, short dead time, and high time resolution over a large frequency range enabled major advances in quantum optics. However, combining near-unity system detection efficiency (SDE) with high timing performance remains an outstanding challenge. In this work, we fabricated novel SNSPDs on membranes with 99.5-(2.07)(+0.5)% SDE at 1350 nm with 32 ps timing jitter (using a room-temperature amplifier), and other detectors in the same batch showed 94%-98% SDE at 1260-1625 nm with 15-26 ps timing jitter (using cryogenic amplifiers). The SiO2/Au membrane enables broadband absorption in small SNSPDs, offering high detection efficiency in combination with high timing performance. With low-noise cryogenic amplifiers operated in the same cryostat, our efficient detectors reach a timing jitter in the range of 15-26 ps. We discuss the prime challenges in optical design, device fabrication, and accurate and reliable detection efficiency measurements to achieve high performance single photon detection. As a result, the fast developing fields of quantum information science, quantum metrology, infrared imaging, and quantum networks will greatly benefit from this far-reaching quantum detection technology.

  • 11.
    Chang, Jin
    et al.
    Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Department of Quantum Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628CJ Delft, The Netherlands.
    Gao, Jun
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Esmaeil Zadeh, Iman
    Department of Imaging Physics (ImPhys), Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, 2628CJ Delft, The Netherlands.
    Elshaari, Ali W.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Nanowire-based integrated photonics for quantum information and quantum sensing2023In: Nanophotonics, E-ISSN 2192-8614, Vol. 12, no 3, p. 339-358Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    At the core of quantum photonic information processing and sensing, two major building pillars are single-photon emitters and single-photon detectors. In this review, we systematically summarize the working theory, material platform, fabrication process, and game-changing applications enabled by state-of-the-art quantum dots in nanowire emitters and superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors. Such nanowire-based quantum hardware offers promising properties for modern quantum optics experiments. We highlight several burgeoning quantum photonics applications using nanowires and discuss development trends of integrated quantum photonics. Also, we propose quantum information processing and sensing experiments for the quantum optics community, and future interdisciplinary applications.

  • 12.
    Chang, Jin
    et al.
    Delft Univ Technol, Fac Appl Sci, ImPhys Dept, Opt Res Grp, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands.;Single Quantum BV, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Los, Johannes W. N.
    Single Quantum BV, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Gourgues, Ronan
    Single Quantum BV, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Steinhauer, Stephan
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Dorenbos, S. N.
    Single Quantum BV, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Pereira, Silvania F.
    Delft Univ Technol, Fac Appl Sci, ImPhys Dept, Opt Res Grp, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Urbach, H. Paul
    Delft Univ Technol, Fac Appl Sci, ImPhys Dept, Opt Res Grp, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Zadeh, Iman Esmaeil
    Delft Univ Technol, Fac Appl Sci, ImPhys Dept, Opt Res Grp, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Efficient mid-infrared single-photon detection using superconducting NbTiN nanowires with high time resolution in a Gifford-McMahon cryocooler2022In: Photonics Research, ISSN 2327-9125, Vol. 10, no 4, p. 1063-1070Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Shortly after their inception, superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) became the leading quantum light detection technology. With the capability of detecting single-photons with near-unity efficiency, high time resolution, low dark count rate, and fast recovery time, SNSPDs outperform conventional single-photon detection techniques. However, detecting lower energy single photons (<0.8 eV) with high efficiency and low timing jitter has remained a challenge. To achieve unity internal efficiency at mid-infrared wavelengths, previous works used amorphous superconducting materials with low energy gaps at the expense of reduced time resolution (close to a nanosecond), and by operating them in complex milliKelvin (mK) dilution refrigerators. In this work, we provide an alternative approach with SNSPDs fabricated from 5 to 9.5 nm thick NbTiN superconducting films and devices operated in conventional Gifford-McMahon cryocoolers. By optimizing the superconducting film deposition process, film thickness, and nanowire design, our fiber-coupled devices achieved >70% system detection efficiency (SDE) at 2 mu m and sub-15 ps timing jitter. Furthermore, detectors from the same batch demonstrated unity internal detection efficiency at 3 mu m and 80% internal efficiency at 4 mu m, paving the road for an efficient mid-infrared single-photon detection technology with unparalleled time resolution and without mK cooling requirements. We also systematically studied the dark count rates (DCRs) of our detectors coupled to different types of mid-infrared optical fibers and blackbody radiation filters. This offers insight into the trade-off between bandwidth and DCRs for mid-infrared SNSPDs. To conclude, this paper significantly extends the working wavelength range for SNSPDs made from polycrystalline NbTiN to 1.5-4 mu m, and we expect quantum optics experiments and applications in the mid-infrared range to benefit from this far-reaching technology. Published by Chinese Laser Press under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

  • 13.
    Chang, Jin
    et al.
    Delft Univ Technol, ImPhys Dept, Opt Res Grp, Fac Appl Sci, Lorentzweg 1, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Zadeh, Iman Esmaeil
    Delft Univ Technol, ImPhys Dept, Opt Res Grp, Fac Appl Sci, Lorentzweg 1, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Los, Johannes W. N.
    Single Quantum BV, NL-2628 CH Delft, Netherlands..
    Zichi, Julien
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Fognini, Andreas
    Single Quantum BV, NL-2628 CH Delft, Netherlands..
    Gevers, Monique
    Single Quantum BV, NL-2628 CH Delft, Netherlands..
    Dorenbos, Sander
    Single Quantum BV, NL-2628 CH Delft, Netherlands..
    Pereira, Silvania F.
    Delft Univ Technol, ImPhys Dept, Opt Res Grp, Fac Appl Sci, Lorentzweg 1, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Urbach, Paul
    Delft Univ Technol, ImPhys Dept, Opt Res Grp, Fac Appl Sci, Lorentzweg 1, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Multimode-fiber-coupled superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors with high detection efficiency and time resolution2019In: Applied Optics, ISSN 1559-128X, E-ISSN 2155-3165, Vol. 58, no 36, p. 9803-9807Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In the past decade, superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) have gradually become an indispensable part of any demanding quantum optics experiment. Until now, most SNSPDs have been coupled to single-mode fibers. SNSPDs coupled to multimode fibers have shown promising efficiencies but have yet to achieve high time resolution. For a number of applications ranging from quantum nano-photonics to bio-optics, high efficiency and high time resolution are desired at the same time. In this paper, we demonstrate the role of polarization on the efficiency of multimode-fiber-coupled detectors and fabricated high-performance 20 mu m, 25 mu m, and 50 mu m diameter detectors targeted for visible, near-infrared, and telecom wavelengths. A custom-built setup was used to simulate realistic experiments with randomized modes in the fiber. We achieved over 80% system efficiency and <20 ps timing jitter for 20 mu m SNSPDs. Also, we realized 70% system efficiency and <20 ps timing jitter for 50 mu m SNSPDs. The high-efficiency multimode-fiber-coupled SNSPDs with unparalleled time resolution will benefit various quantum optics experiments and applications in the future.

  • 14.
    Chen, Pei Jung
    et al.
    Department of Electrophysics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
    Chen, Guan Hao
    Department of Electrophysics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan; Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
    Vedin, Robert
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Condensed Matter Theory.
    Jönsson, Mattias
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Condensed Matter Theory.
    Gyger, Samuel
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Steinhauer, Stephan
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Lin, Juhn Jong
    Department of Electrophysics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan; Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science (CEFMS), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
    Chang, Wen Hao
    Department of Electrophysics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan; Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science (CEFMS), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
    Lidmar, Jack
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Condensed Matter Theory.
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics. Quantum Nano Photonics Group, Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm 10691, Sweden.
    Lin, Chun Liang
    Department of Electrophysics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
    Visualizing Local Superconductivity of NbTiN Nanowires to Probe Inhomogeneity in Single-Photon Detectors2024In: ACS Applied Optical Materials, E-ISSN 2771-9855, Vol. 2, no 1, p. 68-75Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    NbTiN has a high critical temperature (Tc) of up to 17 K, making it a great candidate for superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) and other applications requiring a bias current close to the depairing current. However, superconducting inhomogeneities are often observed in superconducting thin films, and superconducting inhomogeneities can influence the vortex nucleation barrier and furthermore affect the critical current Ic of a superconducting wire. Superconducting inhomogeneities can also result in stochastic variations in the critical current between identical devices, and therefore, it is crucial to have a detailed understanding of inhomogeneities in SNSPDs in order to improve device efficiency. In this study, we utilized scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/STS) to investigate the inhomogeneity of superconducting properties in meandered NbTiN nanowires, which are commonly used in SNSPDs. Our findings show that variations in the superconducting gap are strongly correlated with the film thickness. By using time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau simulations and statistical modeling, we explored the implications of the reduction in the critical current and its sample-to-sample variations. Our study suggests that the thickness of NbTiN plays a critical role in achieving homogeneity in superconducting properties.

  • 15. Cheng, Y.
    et al.
    Chi, X.
    Gu, C.
    Zou, K.
    Zichi, Julien
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Chen, S.
    Liu, H.
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Hu, X.
    Experimental demonstration of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors integrated with current reservoirs2018In: Optics InfoBase Conference Papers, OSA - The Optical Society , 2018Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We experimentally demonstrate the superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors integrated with current reservoirs that function as low-noise pre-amplifiers to increase the signal-to-noise ratio of detectors' outputs.

  • 16.
    Cherchi, Matteo
    et al.
    VTT - Technical Research Centre of Finland ,Optical Research Centre, VTT - Technical Research Centre of Finland, Optical Research Centre.
    Mykkanen, Emma
    VTT - Technical Research Centre of Finland ,Optical Research Centre, VTT - Technical Research Centre of Finland, Optical Research Centre.
    Kemppinen, Antti
    VTT - Technical Research Centre of Finland ,Optical Research Centre, VTT - Technical Research Centre of Finland, Optical Research Centre.
    Tappura, Kirsi
    VTT - Technical Research Centre of Finland ,Optical Research Centre, VTT - Technical Research Centre of Finland, Optical Research Centre.
    Govenius, Joonas
    VTT - Technical Research Centre of Finland ,Optical Research Centre, VTT - Technical Research Centre of Finland, Optical Research Centre.
    Prunnila, Mika
    VTT - Technical Research Centre of Finland ,Optical Research Centre, VTT - Technical Research Centre of Finland, Optical Research Centre.
    Delrosso, Giovanni
    VTT - Technical Research Centre of Finland ,Optical Research Centre, VTT - Technical Research Centre of Finland, Optical Research Centre.
    Hakkarainen, Teemu
    Tampere University, Optical Research Centre, Tampere University, Optical Research Centre.
    Viheriala, Jukka
    Tampere University, Optical Research Centre, Tampere University, Optical Research Centre.
    Castaneda, Mario
    Single Quantum, Single Quantum.
    Bieler, Mark
    PTB - Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Ptb - Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt.
    Steinhauer, Stephan
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Koepfli, Stefan M.
    ETH Zürich, Eth Zürich.
    Leuthold, Juerg
    ETH Zürich, Eth Zürich.
    De Leo, Eva
    Polariton Technologies, Polariton Technologies.
    A path towards attojoule cryogenic communication2022In: 2022 European Conference on Optical Communication, ECOC 2022, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. , 2022Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Photonic integration technologies are key to scale-up superconducting quantum computers. Here, we identify suitable classical optical links to control and read out the qubits in cryostats and resolve the power dissipation issue of superconducting computing platforms. Recent results and future solutions are shown.

  • 17.
    Chi, Xiaoming
    et al.
    Tianjin Univ, Sch Precis Instrument & Optoelect Engn, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China.;Minist Educ, Key Lab Optoelect Informat Sci & Technol, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China..
    Zou, Kai
    Tianjin Univ, Sch Precis Instrument & Optoelect Engn, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China.;Minist Educ, Key Lab Optoelect Informat Sci & Technol, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China..
    Gu, Chao
    Tianjin Univ, Sch Precis Instrument & Optoelect Engn, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China.;Minist Educ, Key Lab Optoelect Informat Sci & Technol, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China..
    Zichi, Julien
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Cheng, Yuhao
    Tianjin Univ, Sch Precis Instrument & Optoelect Engn, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China.;Minist Educ, Key Lab Optoelect Informat Sci & Technol, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China..
    Hu, Nan
    Tianjin Univ, Sch Precis Instrument & Optoelect Engn, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China.;Minist Educ, Key Lab Optoelect Informat Sci & Technol, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China..
    Lan, Xiaojian
    Tianjin Univ, Sch Precis Instrument & Optoelect Engn, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China.;Minist Educ, Key Lab Optoelect Informat Sci & Technol, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China..
    Chen, Shufan
    Tianjin Univ, Sch Precis Instrument & Optoelect Engn, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China.;Minist Educ, Key Lab Optoelect Informat Sci & Technol, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China..
    Lin, Zuzeng
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics. Tianjin Univ, Sch Precis Instrument & Optoelect Engn, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China.;Minist Educ, Key Lab Optoelect Informat Sci & Technol, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China..
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Hu, Xiaolong
    Tianjin Univ, Sch Precis Instrument & Optoelect Engn, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China.;Minist Educ, Key Lab Optoelect Informat Sci & Technol, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China..
    Fractal superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors with reduced polarization sensitivity2018In: Optics Letters, ISSN 0146-9592, E-ISSN 1539-4794, Vol. 43, no 20, p. 5017-5020Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We demonstrate superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) based on a fractal design of the nanowires to reduce the polarization sensitivity of detection efficiency. We patterned niobium titanium nitride thin films into Peano curves with a linewidth of 100 nm and integrated the nanowires with optical microcavities to enhance their optical absorption. At a base temperature of 2.6 K, the fractal SNSPD exhibited a polarization-maximum device efficiency of 67% and a polarization-minimum device efficiency of 61% at a wavelength of 1550 nm. Therefore, the polarization sensitivity, defined as their ratio, was 1.1, lower than the polarization sensitivity of the SNSPDs in the meander design. The reduced polarization sensitivity of the detector could be maintained for higher-order spatial modes in multimode optical fibers and could tolerate misalignment between the optical mode and the detector. This fractal design is applicable to both amorphous and polycrystalline materials that are commonly used for making SNSPDs.

  • 18.
    Chi, Xiaoming
    et al.
    Tianjin Univ, Sch Precis Instrument & Optoelect Engn, Tianjin, Peoples R China.;Minist Educ, Key Lab Optoelect Informat Sci & Technol, Tianjin, Peoples R China..
    Zou, Kai
    Tianjin Univ, Sch Precis Instrument & Optoelect Engn, Tianjin, Peoples R China.;Minist Educ, Key Lab Optoelect Informat Sci & Technol, Tianjin, Peoples R China..
    Hu, Nan
    Tianjin Univ, Sch Precis Instrument & Optoelect Engn, Tianjin, Peoples R China.;Minist Educ, Key Lab Optoelect Informat Sci & Technol, Tianjin, Peoples R China..
    Zichi, Julien
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Hu, Xiaolong
    Tianjin Univ, Sch Precis Instrument & Optoelect Engn, Tianjin, Peoples R China.;Minist Educ, Key Lab Optoelect Informat Sci & Technol, Tianjin, Peoples R China..
    IEEE, GP
    RF-amplifier-free superconducting nanowire single-photon detector system2018In: 2018 ASIA COMMUNICATIONS AND PHOTONICS CONFERENCE (ACP), IEEE , 2018Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We used a superconducting nanowire single photon detector integrated th a current reservoir in a closed-cycle cryocooler to demonstrate

  • 19.
    DeLange, Jacob
    et al.
    Department of Physics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
    Barua, Kinjol
    Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
    Paul, Anindya Sundar
    School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK.
    Ohadi, Hamid
    School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK.
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Steinhauer, Stephan
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Alaeian, Hadiseh
    Department of Physics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
    Highly-excited Rydberg excitons in synthetic thin-film cuprous oxide2023In: Scientific Reports, E-ISSN 2045-2322, Vol. 13, no 1, p. 16881-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Cuprous oxide ([Formula: see text]) has recently emerged as a promising material in solid-state quantum technology, specifically for its excitonic Rydberg states characterized by large principal quantum numbers (n). The significant wavefunction size of these highly-excited states (proportional to [Formula: see text]) enables strong long-range dipole-dipole (proportional to [Formula: see text]) and van der Waals interactions (proportional to [Formula: see text]). Currently, the highest-lying Rydberg states are found in naturally occurring [Formula: see text]. However, for technological applications, the ability to grow high-quality synthetic samples is essential. The fabrication of thin-film [Formula: see text] samples is of particular interest as they hold potential for observing extreme single-photon nonlinearities through the Rydberg blockade. Nevertheless, due to the susceptibility of high-lying states to charged impurities, growing synthetic samples of sufficient quality poses a substantial challenge. This study successfully demonstrates the CMOS-compatible synthesis of a [Formula: see text] thin film on a transparent substrate that showcases Rydberg excitons up to [Formula: see text] which is readily suitable for photonic device fabrications. These findings mark a significant advancement towards the realization of scalable and on-chip integrable Rydberg quantum technologies.

  • 20.
    Descamps, Thomas
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Schetelat, Tanguy
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Gao, Jun
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Centres, Albanova VinnExcellence Center for Protein Technology, ProNova. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Poole, Philip J.
    Natl Res Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada..
    Dalacu, Dan
    Natl Res Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada..
    Elshaari, Ali W.
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Centres, Albanova VinnExcellence Center for Protein Technology, ProNova. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Dynamic Strain Modulation of a Nanowire Quantum Dot Compatible with a Thin-Film Lithium Niobate Photonic Platform2023In: ACS Photonics, E-ISSN 2330-4022, Vol. 10, no 10, p. 3691-3699Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The integration of indistinguishable single photon sources in photonic circuits is a major prerequisite for on-chip quantum applications. Among the various high-quality sources, nanowire quantum dots can be efficiently coupled to optical waveguides because of their preferred emission direction along their growth direction. However, local tuning of the emission properties remains challenging. In this work, we transfer a nanowire quantum dot onto a bulk lithium niobate substrate and show that its emission can be dynamically tuned by acousto-optical coupling with surface acoustic waves. The purity of the single photon source is preserved during the strain modulation. We further demonstrate that the transduction is maintained even with a SiO2 encapsulation layer deposited on top of the nanowire acting as the cladding of a photonic circuit. Based on these experimental findings and numerical simulations, we introduce a device architecture consisting of a nanowire quantum dot efficiently coupled to a thin-film lithium niobate rib waveguide and strain-tunable by surface acoustic waves.

  • 21.
    Elshaari, Ali W.
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Buyukozer, Efe
    Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Dept Mech & Proc Engn, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland..
    Zadeh, Iman Esmaeil
    Delft Univ Technol, Opt Grp, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Lettner, Thomas
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Zhao, Peng
    Tsinghua Univ, Tsinghua Natl Lab Informat Sci & Technol, Dept Elect Engn, Beijing, Peoples R China..
    Schöll, Eva
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Gyger, Samuel
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Reimer, Michael E.
    Univ Waterloo, Inst Quantum Comp, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.;Univ Waterloo, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada..
    Dalacu, Dan
    Natl Res Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada..
    Poole, Philip J.
    Natl Res Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada..
    Jöns, Klaus D.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Strain-Tunable Quantum Integrated Photonics2018In: Nano letters (Print), ISSN 1530-6984, E-ISSN 1530-6992, Vol. 18, no 12, p. 7969-7976Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Semiconductor quantum dots are crucial parts of the photonic quantum technology toolbox because they show excellent single-photon emission properties in addition to their potential as solid-state qubits. Recently, there has been an increasing effort to deterministically integrate single semiconductor quantum dots into complex photonic circuits. Despite rapid progress in the field, it remains challenging to manipulate the optical properties of waveguide-integrated quantum emitters in a deterministic, reversible, and nonintrusive manner. Here we demonstrate a new class of hybrid quantum photonic circuits combining III V semiconductors, silicon nitride, and piezoelectric crystals. Using a combination of bottom-up, top-down, and nanomanipulation techniques, we realize strain tuning of a selected, waveguide-integrated, quantum emitter and a planar integrated optical resonator. Our findings are an important step toward realizing reconfigurable quantum-integrated photonics, with full control over the quantum sources and the photonic circuit.

  • 22.
    Elshaari, Ali W.
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Esmaeil Zadeh, I.
    Fognini, A.
    Dalacu, D.
    Poole, P. J.
    Reimer, M. E.
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Jöns, Klaus D.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Hybrid quantum photonic integrated circuits2018In: Proceedings - International Conference Laser Optics 2018, ICLO 2018, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2018, article id 8435508Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Quantum photonic integrated circuits require a scalable approach to integrate bright on-demand sources of entangled photon-pairs in complex on-chip quantum photonic circuits. Currently, the most promising sources are based on III/V semiconductor quantum dots. However, complex photonic circuitry is mainly achieved in silicon photonics due to the tremendous technological challenges in circuit fabrication. We take the best of both worlds by developing a new hybrid on-chip nanofabrication approach, allowing to integrate III/V semiconductor nanowire quantum emitters into silicon-based photonics.

  • 23.
    Elshaari, Ali W.
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Iovan, Adrian
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Gyger, Samuel
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Zadeh, Iman Esmaeil
    Delft Univ Technol, Fac Sci Appl, ImPhys Dept, Opt Res Grp, Lorentzweg 1, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Zichi, Julien
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Yang, Lily
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Steinhauer, Stephan
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Dispersion engineering of superconducting waveguides for multi-pixel integration of single-photon detectors2020In: APL Photonics, ISSN 2378-0967, Vol. 5, no 11, article id 111301Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We use dispersion engineering to control the signal propagation speed in the feed lines of superconducting single-photon detectors. Using this technique, we demonstrate time-division-multiplexing of two-pixel detectors connected with a slow-RF transmission line, all realized using planar geometry requiring a single lithographic step. Through studying the arrival time of detection events in each pixel vs the fabricated slow-RF coplanar waveguide length, we extract a delay of 1.7 ps per 1 mu m of propagation, corresponding to detection signal speeds of similar to 0.0019c. Our results open an important avenue to explore the rich ideas of dispersion engineering and metamaterials for superconducting detector applications.

  • 24.
    Elshaari, Ali W.
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Pernice, W.
    Srinivasan, K.
    Benson, O.
    Zwiller, Val
    Hybrid integrated quantum photonic circuits2020In: Nature Photonics, ISSN 1749-4885, E-ISSN 1749-4893, Vol. 14, no 5, p. 285-298Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Recent developments in chip-based photonic quantum circuits have radically impacted quantum information processing. However, it is challenging for monolithic photonic platforms to meet the stringent demands of most quantum applications. Hybrid platforms combining different photonic technologies in a single functional unit have great potential to overcome the limitations of monolithic photonic circuits. Our Review summarizes the progress of hybrid quantum photonics integration, discusses important design considerations, including optical connectivity and operation conditions, and highlights several successful realizations of key physical resources for building a quantum teleporter. We conclude by discussing the roadmap for realizing future advanced large-scale hybrid devices, beyond the solid-state platform, which hold great potential for quantum information applications.

  • 25.
    Elshaari, Ali W.
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Skalli, Anas
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics. Phelma, Physical engineering for photonics and microelectronics, Grenoble Institute of Technology, 3 Parvis Louis Néel - CS 50257 - 38016 Grenoble Cedex 1, France.
    Gyger, Samuel
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Nurizzo, Martin
    KTH. Phelma, Physical engineering for photonics and microelectronics, Grenoble Institute of Technology, 3 Parvis Louis Néel - CS 50257 - 38016 Grenoble Cedex 1, France.
    Schweickert, Lucas
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Esmaeil Zadeh, I.
    Svedendahl, Mikael
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Steinhauer, Stephan
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Deterministic Integration of hBN Emitter in Silicon Nitride Photonic Waveguide2021In: Advanced Quantum Technologies, ISSN 2511-9044, Vol. 4, no 6, p. 2100032-, article id 2100032Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Hybrid integration provides an important avenue for incorporating atom-like solid-state single-photon emitters into photonic platforms that possess no optically-active transitions. Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is particularly interesting quantum emitter for hybrid integration, as it provides a route for room-temperature quantum photonic technologies, coupled with its robustness and straightforward activation. Despite the recent progress of integrating hBN emitters in photonic waveguides, a deterministic, site-controlled process remains elusive. Here, the integration of selected hBN emitter in silicon nitride waveguide is demonstrated. A small misalignment angle of 4° is shown between the emission-dipole orientation and the waveguide propagation direction. The integrated emitter maintains high single-photon purity despite subsequent encapsulation and nanofabrication steps, delivering quantum light with zero delay second order correlation function (Formula presented.). The results provide an important step toward deterministic, large scale, quantum photonic circuits at room temperature using atom-like single-photon emitters.

  • 26.
    Elshaari, Ali W.
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Zadeh, I. E.
    Fognini, A.
    Reimer, M. E.
    Dalacu, D.
    Poole, P. J.
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Jöns, Klaus
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Hybrid quantum photonics2017In: Optics InfoBase Conference Papers, Optical Society of America, 2017, Vol. Part F43Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We deterministically integrate nanowire quantum-emitters in SiN photonic circuits. We generate single-photons, suppress excitation-laser, and isolate specific transitions in the quantumemitter all on-chip with electrically-tunable filter. Finally, we demonstrate a novel Quantum- WDM channel on-chip.

  • 27.
    Elshaari, Ali W.
    et al.
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering (EES).
    Zadeh, Iman Esmaeil
    Fognini, Andreas
    Reimer, Michael E.
    Dalacu, Dan
    Poole, Philip J.
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics. KTH, School of Electrical Engineering (EES).
    Jöns, Klaus D.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum Nano Photonics.
    On-chip single photon filtering and multiplexing in hybrid quantum photonic circuits2017In: Nature Communications, E-ISSN 2041-1723, Vol. 8, article id 379Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Quantum light plays a pivotal role in modern science and future photonic applications. Since the advent of integrated quantum nanophotonics different material platforms based on III-V nanostructures-, colour centers-, and nonlinear waveguides as on-chip light sources have been investigated. Each platform has unique advantages and limitations; however, all implementations face major challenges with filtering of individual quantum states, scalable integration, deterministic multiplexing of selected quantum emitters, and on-chip excitation suppression. Here we overcome all of these challenges with a hybrid and scalable approach, where single III-V quantum emitters are positioned and deterministically integrated in a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor-compatible photonic circuit. We demonstrate reconfigurable on-chip single-photon filtering and wavelength division multiplexing with a foot print one million times smaller than similar table-top approaches, while offering excitation suppression of more than 95 dB and efficient routing of single photons over a bandwidth of 40 nm. Our work marks an important step to harvest quantum optical technologies' full potential.

  • 28.
    Elshaari, Ali W.
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum Electronics and Quantum Optics, QEO. Delft Univ Technol, Kavli Inst Nanosci, Netherlands.
    Zadeh, Iman Esmaeil
    Jöns, Klaus D.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum Electronics and Quantum Optics, QEO. Delft Univ Technol, Kavli Inst Nanosci, Netherlands.
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum Electronics and Quantum Optics, QEO.
    Thermo-Optic Characterization of Silicon Nitride Resonators for Cryogenic Photonic Circuits2016In: IEEE Photonics Journal, E-ISSN 1943-0655, Vol. 8, no 3, article id 2701009Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper, we characterize the Thermo-optic properties of silicon nitride ring resonators between 18 and 300 K. The Thermo-optic coefficients of the silicon nitride core and the oxide cladding are measured by studying the temperature dependence of the resonance wavelengths. The resonant modes show low temperature dependence at cryogenic temperatures and higher dependence as the temperature increases. We find the Thermo-optic coefficients of PECVD silicon nitride and silicon oxide to be 2.51 +/- 0.08 E-5 K-1 and 0.96 +/- 0.09 E-5 K-1 at room temperature while decreasing by an order of magnitude when cooling to 18 K. To show the effect of variations in the thermo-optic coefficients on device performance, we study the tuning of a fully integrated electrically tunable filter as a function of voltage for different temperatures. The presented results provide new practical guidelines in designing photonic circuits for studying low-temperature optical phenomena.

  • 29. Elsinger, L.
    et al.
    Gourgues, R.
    Zadeh, I. E.
    Maes, J.
    Guardiani, A.
    Bulgarini, G.
    Pereira, S. F.
    Dorenbos, S. N.
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Hens, Z.
    Van Thourhout, D.
    Wavelength-resolved Purcell enhancement of PbS/CdS quantum dots measured on a chip-based platform2020In: Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, SPIE , 2020Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Future quantum optical networks will require an integrated solution to multiplex suitable sources and detectors on a low-loss platform. Here we combined superconducting single-photon detectors with colloidal PbS/CdS quantum dots (QDs) and low-loss silicon nitride passive photonic components to show their combined operation at cryogenic temperatures. Using a planar concave grating spectrometer, we performed wavelength-resolved measurements of the photoluminescence decay of QDs, which were deterministically placed in the gap of plasmonic antennas, in order to improve their emission rate. We observed a Purcell enhancement matching the antenna simulations, with a concurrent increase of the count rate on the superconducting detectors. 

  • 30.
    Elsinger, Lukas
    et al.
    Univ Ghent, IMEC, Photon Res Grp, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium.;Univ Ghent, NB Photon, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium..
    Gourgues, Ronan
    Single Quantum BV, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Zadeh, Iman E.
    Delft Univ Technol, Opt Res Grp, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Maes, Jorick
    Univ Ghent, NB Photon, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium.;Univ Ghent, Phys & Chem Nanostruct Grp, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Guardiani, Antonio
    Single Quantum BV, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Bulgarini, Gabriele
    Single Quantum BV, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Pereira, Silvania F.
    Delft Univ Technol, Opt Res Grp, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Dorenbos, Sander N.
    Single Quantum BV, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Hens, Zeger
    Univ Ghent, NB Photon, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium.;Univ Ghent, Phys & Chem Nanostruct Grp, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium..
    Van Thourhout, Dries
    Univ Ghent, IMEC, Photon Res Grp, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium.;Univ Ghent, NB Photon, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium..
    Integration of Colloidal PbS/CdS Quantum Dots with Plasmonic Antennas and Superconducting Detectors on a Silicon Nitride Photonic Platform2019In: Nano letters (Print), ISSN 1530-6984, E-ISSN 1530-6992, Vol. 19, no 8, p. 5452-5458Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Single-photon sources and detectors are indispensable building blocks for integrated quantum photonics, a research field that is seeing ever increasing interest for numerous applications. In this work, we implemented essential components for a quantum key distribution transceiver on a single photonic chip. Plasmonic antennas on top of silicon nitride waveguides provide Purcell enhancement with a concurrent increase of the count rate, speeding up the microsecond radiative lifetime of IR-emitting colloidal PbS/CdS quantum dots (QDs). The use of low-fluorescence silicon nitride, with a waveguide loss smaller than 1 dB/cm, made it possible to implement high extinction ratio optical filters and low insertion loss spectrometers. Waveguide-coupled superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors allow for low time-jitter single-photon detection. To showcase the performance of the components, we demonstrate on-chip lifetime spectroscopy of PbS/CdS QDs. The method developed in this paper is predicted to scale down to single QDs, and newly developed emitters can be readily integrated on the chip-based platform.

  • 31.
    Errando-Herranz, Carlos
    et al.
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; University of Miinster, Miinster, Germany.
    Gyger, Samuel
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Tao, Max
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
    Colangelo, Marco
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
    Christen, Ian
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
    Larocque, Hugo
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
    Sattari, Hamed
    Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique, Neuchatel, Switzerland.
    Choong, Gregory
    Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique, Neuchatel, Switzerland.
    Petremand, Yves
    Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique, Neuchatel, Switzerland.
    Prieto, Ivan
    Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique, Neuchatel, Switzerland.
    Yu, Yang
    Raith America Inc., Troy, NY, USA.
    Steinhauer, Stephan
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Ghadimi, Amir H.
    Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique, Neuchatel, Switzerland.
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Englund, Dirk
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
    Transfer-Printed Single-Photon Detectors on Arbitrary Photonic Substrates2023In: 2023 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2023, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. , 2023, article id FM2E.5Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We demonstrate the integration of superconducting single-photon detectors onto arbitrary photonic substrates via transfer printing. Using this method, we show single-photon detection in a lithium niobate on insulator photonic circuit.

  • 32.
    Errando-Herranz, Carlos
    et al.
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Intelligent systems, Micro and Nanosystems.
    Schöll, Eva
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Picard, Raphael
    Heriot Watt Univ, Inst Photon & Quantum Sci, SUPA, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Midlothian, Scotland..
    Laini, Micaela
    Heriot Watt Univ, Inst Photon & Quantum Sci, SUPA, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Midlothian, Scotland..
    Gyger, Samuel
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Elshaari, Ali W.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Branny, Artur
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Wennberg, Ulrika
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Barbat, Sebastien
    Renaud, Thibaut
    Sartison, Marc
    Paderborn Univ, Dept Phys, D-33098 Paderborn, Germany..
    Brotons-Gisbert, Mauro
    Heriot Watt Univ, Inst Photon & Quantum Sci, SUPA, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Midlothian, Scotland..
    Bonato, Cristian
    Heriot Watt Univ, Inst Photon & Quantum Sci, SUPA, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Midlothian, Scotland..
    Gerardot, Brian D.
    Heriot Watt Univ, Inst Photon & Quantum Sci, SUPA, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Midlothian, Scotland..
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Jöns, Klaus D.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Resonance Fluorescence from Waveguide-Coupled, Strain-Localized, Two-Dimensional Quantum Emitters2021In: ACS Photonics, E-ISSN 2330-4022, Vol. 8, no 4, p. 1069-1076Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Efficient on-chip integration of single-photon emitters imposes a major bottleneck for applications of photonic integrated circuits in quantum technologies. Resonantly excited solid-state emitters are emerging as near-optimal quantum light sources, if not for the lack of scalability of current devices. Current integration approaches rely on cost-inefficient individual emitter placement in photonic integrated circuits, rendering applications impossible. A promising scalable platform is based on two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors. However, resonant excitation and single-photon emission of waveguide-coupled 2D emitters have proven to be elusive. Here, we show a scalable approach using a silicon nitride photonic waveguide to simultaneously strain-localize single-photon emitters from a tungsten diselenide (WSe2) monolayer and to couple them into a waveguide mode. We demonstrate the guiding of single photons in the photonic circuit by measuring second-order autocorrelation of g((2))(0) = 0.150 +/- 0.093 and perform on-chip resonant excitation, yielding a g((2))(0) = 0.377 +/- 0.081. Our results are an important step to enable coherent control of quantum states and multiplexing of high-quality single photons in a scalable photonic quantum circuit.

  • 33.
    Esmaeil Zadeh, Iman
    et al.
    Delft Univ Technol, Fac Appl Sci, ImPhys Dept, Opt Res Grp, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Chang, J.
    Delft Univ Technol, Fac Appl Sci, ImPhys Dept, Opt Res Grp, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Los, Johannes W. N.
    Single Quantum BV, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Gyger, Samuel
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Elshaari, Ali W.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Steinhauer, Stephan
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Dorenbos, Sander N.
    Single Quantum BV, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics. Single Quantum BV, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors: A perspective on evolution, state-of-the-art, future developments, and applications2021In: Applied Physics Letters, ISSN 0003-6951, E-ISSN 1077-3118, Vol. 118, no 19, article id 190502Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Two decades after their demonstration, superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) have become indispensable tools for quantum photonics as well as for many other photon-starved applications. This invention has not only led to a burgeoning academic field with a wide range of applications but also triggered industrial efforts. Current state-of-the-art SNSPDs combine near-unity detection efficiency over a wide spectral range, low dark counts, short dead times, and picosecond time resolution. The present perspective discusses important milestones and progress of SNSPDs research, emerging applications, and future challenges and gives an outlook on technological developments required to bring SNSPDs to the next level: a photon-counting, fast time-tagging imaging, and multi-pixel technology that is also compatible with quantum photonic integrated circuits.

  • 34.
    Feng, Yifan
    et al.
    School of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronic Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300072, China.
    Meng, Yun
    School of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronic Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300072, China.
    Zou, Kai
    School of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronic Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300072, China.
    Hu, Nan
    School of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronic Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300072, China.
    Hao, Zifan
    School of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronic Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300072, China.
    Cui, Xingyu
    School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
    Yin, Xiangjun
    School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
    Yang, Jingyu
    School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
    Gyger, Samuel
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Steinhauer, Stephan
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Hu, Xiaolong
    School of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronic Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300072, China.
    Fractal Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors and Their Applications in Imaging2022In: Proceedings of the 2022 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim, CLEO/PR 2022, Optica Publishing Group , 2022Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present our research on fractal superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors and their applications in light detection and ranging (LiDAR), full-Stokes polarimetric imaging, and non-line-of-sight imaging.

  • 35.
    Fognini, A.
    et al.
    Delft Univ Technol, Kavli Inst Nanosci Delft, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Ahmadi, A.
    Univ Waterloo, Inst Quantum Comp, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.;Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada..
    Daley, S. J.
    Univ Waterloo, Inst Quantum Comp, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.;Univ Waterloo, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada..
    Reimer, M. E.
    Univ Waterloo, Inst Quantum Comp, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.;Univ Waterloo, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada..
    Zwiller, V
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Centres, Albanova VinnExcellence Center for Protein Technology, ProNova. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics. Delft Univ Technol, Kavli Inst Nanosci Delft, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Universal fine-structure eraser for quantum dots2018In: Optics Express, E-ISSN 1094-4087, Vol. 26, no 19, p. 24487-24496Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We analyze the degree of entanglement measurable from a quantum dot via the biexciton-exciton cascade as a function of the exciton fine-structure splitting and the detection time resolution. We show that the time-energy uncertainty relation provides means to measure a high entanglement even in presence of a finite fine-structure splitting when a detection system with high temporal resolution is employed. Still, in many applications it would be beneficial if the fine-structure splitting could be compensated to zero. To solve this problem, we propose an all-optical approach with rotating waveplates to erase this fine-structure splitting completely which should allow obtaining a high degree of entanglement with near-unity efficiency. Our optical approach is possible with current technology and is also compatible with any quantum dot showing fine-structure splitting. This bears the advantage that for example the fine-structure splitting of quantum dots in nanowires and micropillars can be directly compensated without the need for further sample processing. 

  • 36.
    Fognini, A.
    et al.
    Delft Univ Technol, Kavli Inst Nanosci Delft, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands. hmadi, A..
    Ahmadi, A.
    Zeeshan, M.
    Fokkens, J. T.
    Gibson, S. J.
    Sherlekar, N.
    Daley, S. J.
    Dalacu, D.
    Poole, P. J.
    Jöns, Klaus D.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Reimer, M. E.
    Dephasing Free Photon Entanglement with a Quantum Dot2019In: ACS Photonics, E-ISSN 2330-4022, Vol. 6, no 7, p. 1656-1663Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Generation of photon pairs from quantum dots with near-unity entanglement fidelity has been a long-standing scientific challenge. It is generally thought that the nuclear spins limit the entanglement fidelity through spin flip dephasing processes. However, this assumption lacks experimental support. Here, we show two-photon entanglement with negligible dephasing from an indium rich single quantum dot comprising a nuclear spin of 9/2 when excited quasi-resonantly. This finding is based on a significantly close match between our entanglement measurements and our model that assumes no dephasing and takes into account the detection system's timing jitter and dark counts. We suggest that neglecting the detection system is responsible for the degradation of the measured entanglement fidelity in the past and not the nuclear spins. Therefore, the key to unity entanglement from quantum dots comprises a resonant excitation scheme and a detection system with ultralow timing jitter and dark counts.

  • 37.
    Gao, Jun
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Khaymovich, Ivan M.
    Nordita SU; Institute for Physics of Microstructures, Russian Academy of Sciences, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, GSP-105, Russia, GSP-105.
    Iovan, Adrian
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Wang, Xiao Wei
    Center for Integrated Quantum Information Technologies (IQIT), School of Physics and Astronomy and State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
    Krishna, Govind
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Xu, Ze Sheng
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Tortumlu, Emrah
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Balatsky, Alexander V.
    KTH, Centres, Nordic Institute for Theoretical Physics NORDITA. Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA.
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Elshaari, Ali W.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Coexistence of extended and localized states in finite-sized mosaic Wannier-Stark lattices2023In: Physical Review B, ISSN 2469-9950, E-ISSN 2469-9969, Vol. 108, no 14, article id L140202Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Quantum transport and localization are fundamental concepts in condensed matter physics. It is commonly believed that in one-dimensional systems, the existence of mobility edges is highly dependent on disorder. Recently, there has been a debate over the existence of an exact mobility edge in a modulated mosaic model without quenched disorder, the so-called mosaic Wannier-Stark lattice. Here, we experimentally implement such disorder-free mosaic photonic lattices using a silicon photonics platform. By creating a synthetic electric field, we could observe energy-dependent coexistence of both extended and localized states in a finite number of waveguides. The Wannier-Stark ladder emerges when the resulting potential is strong enough, and can be directly probed by exciting different spatial modes of the lattice. Our studies provide the experimental proof of coexisting sets of strongly localized and conducting (though weakly localized) states in finite-sized mosaic Wannier-Stark lattices, which hold the potential to encode high-dimensional quantum resources with compact and robust structures.

  • 38.
    Gao, Jun
    et al.
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Centres, Albanova VinnExcellence Center for Protein Technology, ProNova. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Xu, Ze-Sheng
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics. KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Centres, Albanova VinnExcellence Center for Protein Technology, ProNova.
    Smirnova, Daria A.
    Australian Natl Univ, Nonlinear Phys Ctr, Res Sch Phys, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia..
    Leykam, Daniel
    Natl Univ Singapore, Ctr Quantum Technol, 3 Sci Dr 2, Singapore 11754, Singapore..
    Gyger, Samuel
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics. KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Centres, Albanova VinnExcellence Center for Protein Technology, ProNova.
    Zhou, Wen-Hao
    Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Ctr Integrated Quantum Informat Technol IQIT, Sch Phys & Astron, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China.;Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, State Key Lab Adv Opt Commun Syst & Networks, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China.;Univ Sci & Technol China, CAS Ctr Excellence, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China.;Univ Sci & Technol China, Synerget Innovat Ctr Quantum Informat & Quantum Ph, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China..
    Steinhauer, Stephan
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Centres, Albanova VinnExcellence Center for Protein Technology, ProNova. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Centres, Albanova VinnExcellence Center for Protein Technology, ProNova. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Elshaari, Ali W.
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Centres, Albanova VinnExcellence Center for Protein Technology, ProNova. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Observation of Anderson phase in a topological photonic circuit2022In: Physical Review Research, E-ISSN 2643-1564, Vol. 4, no 3, article id 033222Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Disordered systems play a central role in condensed matter physics, quantum transport, and topological photonics. It is commonly believed that a topological nontrivial phase would turn into a trivial phase where the transport vanishes under the effect of Anderson localization. Recent studies predict a counterintuitive result, that adding disorder to the trivial band structure triggers the emergence of protected edge states, the so-called topological Anderson phase. Here, we experimentally observe such a topological Anderson phase in a CMOS-compatible nanophotonic circuit, which implements the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) model with incommensurate disorder in the intercell coupling amplitudes. The existence of the Anderson phase is verified by the spectral method, based on the continuous detection of the nanoscale light dynamics at the edge. Our results demonstrate the inverse transition between distinct topological phases in the presence of disorder, as well as offering a single-shot measurement technique to study the light dynamics in nanophotonic systems.

  • 39. Gemmell, Nathan R.
    et al.
    Hills, Matthew
    Bradshaw, Tom
    Rawlings, Tom
    Green, Ben
    Heath, Robert M.
    Tsimvrakidis, Konstantinos
    Dobrovolskiy, Sergiy
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics. Single Quantum B.V., 2628 CH Delft, The Netherlands.
    Dorenbos, Sander N.
    Crook, Martin
    Hadfield, Robert H.
    A miniaturized 4K platform for superconducting infrared photon counting detectors2017In: Superconductors Science and Technology, ISSN 0953-2048, E-ISSN 1361-6668, Vol. 30, no 11, article id 11LT01Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We report on a miniaturized platform for superconducting infrared photon counting detectors. We have implemented a fibre-coupled superconducting nanowire single photon detector in a Stirling/Joule-Thomson platform with a base temperature of 4.2 K. We have verified a cooling power of 4 mW at 4.7 K. We report 20% system detection efficiency at 1310 nm wavelength at a dark count rate of 1 kHz. We have carried out compelling application demonstrations in single photon depth metrology and singlet oxygen luminescence detection.

  • 40.
    Gourgues, Ronan
    et al.
    Single Quantum BV, NL-2628 CH Delft, Netherlands..
    Los, Johannes W. N.
    Single Quantum BV, NL-2628 CH Delft, Netherlands..
    Zichi, Julien
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Chang, Jin
    Delft Univ Technol, Fac Appl Sci, ImPhys Dept, Opt Res Grp, Lorentzweg 1, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Kalhor, Nima
    Single Quantum BV, NL-2628 CH Delft, Netherlands..
    Bulgarini, Gabriele
    Single Quantum BV, NL-2628 CH Delft, Netherlands..
    Borenbos, Sander N.
    Single Quantum BV, NL-2628 CH Delft, Netherlands..
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Zadeh, Iman Esmaeil
    Delft Univ Technol, Fac Appl Sci, ImPhys Dept, Opt Res Grp, Lorentzweg 1, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Superconducting nanowire single photon detectors operating at temperature from 4 to 7 K2019In: Optics Express, E-ISSN 1094-4087, Vol. 27, no 17, p. 24601-24609Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We experimentally investigate the performance of NbTiN superconducting nanowire single photon detectors above the base temperature of a conventional Gifford-McMahon cryocooler (2.5 K). By tailoring design and thickness (8-13 nm) of the detectors, high performance, high operating temperature, single-photon detection from the visible to telecom wavelengths are demonstrated. At 4.3 K, a detection efficiency of 82 % at 785 nm wavelength and a timing jitter of 30 +/- 0.3 ps are achieved. In addition, for 1550 nm and similar operating temperature we measured a detection efficiency as high as 64 %. Finally, we show that at temperatures up to 7 K, unity internal efficiency is maintained for the visible spectrum. Our work is particularly important to allow for the large scale implementation of superconducting single photon detectors in combination with heat sources such as free-space optical windows, cryogenic electronics, microwave sources and active optical components for complex quantum optical experiments and bio-imaging.

  • 41.
    Gourgues, Ronan
    et al.
    Single Quantum BV, NL-2628 CH Delft, Netherlands..
    Zadeh, Iman Esmaeil
    Single Quantum BV, NL-2628 CH Delft, Netherlands.;Delft Univ Technol, ImPhys Dept, Opt Res Grp, Fac Appl Sci, Lorentzweg 1, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands..
    Elshaari, Ali W.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Bulgarini, Gabriele
    Single Quantum BV, NL-2628 CH Delft, Netherlands..
    Los, Johannes W. N.
    Single Quantum BV, NL-2628 CH Delft, Netherlands..
    Zichi, Julien
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Dalacu, Dan
    Natl Res Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada..
    Poole, Philip J.
    Natl Res Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada..
    Dorenbos, Sander N.
    Single Quantum BV, NL-2628 CH Delft, Netherlands..
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Controlled integration of selected detectors and emitters in photonic integrated circuits2019In: Optics Express, E-ISSN 1094-4087, Vol. 27, no 3, p. 3710-3716Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Integration of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors and quantum sources with photonic waveguides is crucial for realizing advanced quantum integrated circuits. However, scalability is hindered by stringent requirements on high-performance detectors. Here we overcome the yield limitation by controlled coupling of photonic channels to pre-selected detectors based on measuring critical current, timing resolution, and detection efficiency. As a proof of concept of our approach, we demonstrate a hybrid on-chip full-transceiver consisting of a deterministically integrated detector coupled to a selected nanowire quantum dot through a filtering circuit made of a silicon nitride waveguide and a ring resonator filter, delivering 100 dB suppression of the excitation laser. In addition, we perform extensive testing of the detectors before and after integration in the photonic circuit and show that the high performance of the superconducting nanowire detectors, including timing jitter down to 23 +/- 3 ps, is maintained. Our approach is fully compatible with wafer-level automated testing in a cleanroom environment. 

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  • 42.
    Gu, C.
    et al.
    China.
    Chi, X.
    China.
    Cheng, Y.
    China.
    Zichi, Julien
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Hu, N.
    China.
    Lan, X.
    Chona.
    Zou, K.
    China.
    Chen, S.
    China.
    Lin, Z.
    China.
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Hu, X.
    China.
    Fractal superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors with low polarization sensitivity2018In: Optics InfoBase Conference Papers, Optical Society of America, 2018Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We demonstrated a fractal superconducting nanowire single-photon detector and achieved 42% device efficiency and 1.04 polarization sensitivity. The low polarization sensitivity can be maintained for higher-order spatial modes in few-mode optical fibers.

  • 43. Gu, C.
    et al.
    Chi, X.
    Cheng, Y.
    Zichi, Julien
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Hu, N.
    Lan, X.
    Zou, K.
    Chen, S.
    Lin, Zuzeng
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Hu, X.
    Fractal superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors with low polarization sensitivity2018In: 2018 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2018 - Proceedings, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2018, article id 8426796Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We demonstrated a fractal superconducting nanowire single-photon detector and achieved 42% device efficiency and 1.04 polarization sensitivity. The low polarization sensitivity can be maintained for higher-order spatial modes in few-mode optical fibers.

  • 44.
    Gyger, Samuel
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Zeuner, Katharina D.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Jöns, Klaus D.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Elshaari, Ali W.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Paul, Matthias
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Popov, Sergei
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Reuterskiöld Hedlund, Carl
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Hammar, Mattias
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Embedded systems.
    Ozolins, Oskars
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics. Rise AB, NETLAB, Isafjordsgatan 22, S-16440 Kista, Sweden.
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
    Reconfigurable frequency coding of triggered single photons in the telecom C-band2019In: Optics Express, E-ISSN 1094-4087, Vol. 27, no 10, p. 14400-14406Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this work, we demonstrate reconfigurable frequency manipulation of quantum states of light in the telecom C-band. Triggered single photons are encoded in a superposition state of three channels using sidebands up to 53 GHz created by an off-the-shelf phase modulator. The single photons are emitted by an InAs/GaAs quantum dot grown by metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy within the transparency window of the backbone fiber optical network. A cross-correlation measurement of the sidebands demonstrates the preservation of the single photon nature; an important prerequisite for future quantum technology applications using the existing telecommunication fiber network.

  • 45.
    Gyger, Samuel
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Zeuner, Katharina D.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Lettner, Thomas
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Bensoussan, Sandra
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics. Ericsson AB, Torshamnsgatan 21, S-16440 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Carlnäs, Martin
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics. Ericsson AB, Torshamnsgatan 21, S-16440 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Ekemar, Liselott
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics. Ericsson AB, Torshamnsgatan 21, S-16440 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Schweickert, Lucas
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Reuterskiöld-Hedlund, Carl
    Hammar, Mattias
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Electrical Engineering.
    Nilsson, Tigge
    Ericsson AB, Torshamnsgatan 21, S-16440 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Almlöf, Jonas
    Ericsson AB, Torshamnsgatan 21, S-16440 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Steinhauer, Stephan
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Llosera, Gemma Vall
    Ericsson AB, Torshamnsgatan 21, S-16440 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Metropolitan single-photon distribution at 1550 nm for random number generation2022In: Applied Physics Letters, ISSN 0003-6951, E-ISSN 1077-3118, Vol. 121, no 19, p. 194003-, article id 194003Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Quantum communication networks will connect future generations of quantum processors, enable metrological applications, and provide security through quantum key distribution. We present a testbed that is part of the municipal fiber network in the greater Stockholm metropolitan area for quantum resource distribution through a 20 km long fiber based on semiconductor quantum dots emitting in the telecom C-band. We utilize the service to generate random numbers passing the NIST test suite SP800-22 at a subscriber 8 km outside of the city with a bit rate of 23.4 kbit/s.

  • 46.
    Gyger, Samuel
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Zeuner, Katharina
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Lettner, Thomas
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Bensoussan, Sandra
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics. Ericsson AB, Torshamnsgatan 21, 164 40 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Carlnäs, Martin
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics. Ericsson AB, Torshamnsgatan 21, 164 40 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Ekemar, Liselott
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics. Ericsson AB, Torshamnsgatan 21, 164 40 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Schweickert, Lucas
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Reuterskiöld-Hedlund, Carl
    Hammar, Mattias
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Embedded systems.
    Nilsson, Tigge
    Ericsson AB, Torshamnsgatan 21, 164 40 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Almlöf, Jonas
    Ericsson AB, Torshamnsgatan 21, 164 40 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Steinhauer, Stephan
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Llosera, Gemma Vall
    Ericsson AB, Torshamnsgatan 21, 164 40 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Metropolitan Single-Photon Distribution at 1550 nm for Random Number Generation2023In: 2023 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2023, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. , 2023, article id FM1A.3Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Quantum communication networks are used for QKD and metrological applications. We present research connecting two nodes ≈ 20 kilometers apart over the municipal fiber network using semiconductor quantum dots emitting at 1550 nm.

  • 47.
    Gyger, Samuel
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Zichi, Julien
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Schweickert, Lucas
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Elshaari, Ali W.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Steinhauer, Stephan
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Covre da Silva, S. F.
    Johannes Kepler Universität, Linz, Austria.
    Rastelli, A.
    Johannes Kepler Universität, Linz, Austria.
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Jöns, Klaus D.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Errando-Herranz, Carlos
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Intelligent systems, Micro and Nanosystems.
    On-chip integration of reconfigurable quantum photonics with superconducting photodetectors2021In: Optics InfoBase Conference Papers, The Optical Society , 2021Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Scaling up quantum optics experiments requires on-chip reconfigurable quantum photonics, but their integration with detectors is a challenge. We show microelectromechanical reconfiguration of photonic circuits with on-chip superconducting single-photon detectors and demonstrate key applications.

  • 48.
    Gyger, Samuel
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Zichi, Julien
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Schweickert, Lucas
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Elshaari, Ali W.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Steinhauer, Stephan
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Da Silva, S. F. C.
    Rastelli, A.
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Jöns, Klaus D.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Errando-Herranz, Carlos
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Intelligent systems, Micro and Nanosystems.
    On-chip integration of reconfigurable quantum photonics with superconducting photodetectors2021In: 2021 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2021 - Proceedings, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. , 2021Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Scaling up quantum optics experiments requires on-chip reconfigurable quantum photonics, but their integration with detectors is a challenge. We show microelectrome-chanical reconfiguration of photonic circuits with on-chip superconducting single-photon detectors and demonstrate key applications. 

  • 49.
    Gyger, Samuel
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics. KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Appl Phys, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Zichi, Julien
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Schweickert, Lucas
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Elshaari, Ali W.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Steinhauer, Stephan
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    da Silva, Saimon F. Covre
    Johannes Kepler Univ Linz, Inst Semicond & Solid State Phys, Linz, Austria..
    Rastelli, Armando
    Johannes Kepler Univ Linz, Inst Semicond & Solid State Phys, Linz, Austria..
    Zwiller, Val
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Jöns, Klaus D.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
    Errando-Herranz, Carlos
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Intelligent systems, Micro and Nanosystems.
    Reconfigurable photonics with on-chip single-photon detectors2021In: Nature Communications, E-ISSN 2041-1723, Vol. 12, no 1, article id 1408Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Integrated quantum photonics offers a promising path to scale up quantum optics experiments by miniaturizing and stabilizing complex laboratory setups. Central elements of quantum integrated photonics are quantum emitters, memories, detectors, and reconfigurable photonic circuits. In particular, integrated detectors not only offer optical readout but, when interfaced with reconfigurable circuits, allow feedback and adaptive control, crucial for deterministic quantum teleportation, training of neural networks, and stabilization of complex circuits. However, the heat generated by thermally reconfigurable photonics is incompatible with heat-sensitive superconducting single-photon detectors, and thus their on-chip co-integration remains elusive. Here we show low-power microelectromechanical reconfiguration of integrated photonic circuits interfaced with superconducting single-photon detectors on the same chip. We demonstrate three key functionalities for photonic quantum technologies: 28 dB high-extinction routing of classical and quantum light, 90 dB high-dynamic range single-photon detection, and stabilization of optical excitation over 12 dB power variation. Our platform enables heat-load free reconfigurable linear optics and adaptive control, critical for quantum state preparation and quantum logic in large-scale quantum photonics applications. Integrated photonics are promising to scale up quantum optics. Here the authors combine low-power microelectromechanical control and superconducting single-photon detectors on the same chip and demonstrate routing, high-dynamic-range detection, and power stabilization.

  • 50.
    Haffouz, Sofiane
    et al.
    Natl Res Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada..
    Zeuner, Katharina D.
    KTH.
    Dalacu, Dan
    Natl Res Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada..
    Poole, Philip J.
    Natl Res Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada..
    Lapointe, Jean
    Natl Res Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada..
    Poitras, Daniel
    Natl Res Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada..
    Mnaymneh, Khaled
    Natl Res Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada..
    Wu, Xiaohua
    Natl Res Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada..
    Couillard, Martin
    Natl Res Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada..
    Korkusinski, Marek
    Natl Res Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada..
    Schöll, Eva
    KTH.
    Jöns, Klaus D.
    KTH.
    Zwiller, Valery
    KTH.
    Williams, Robin L.
    Natl Res Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada..
    Bright Single InAsP Quantum Dots at Telecom Wavelengths in Position-Controlled InP Nanowires: The Role of the Photonic Waveguide2018In: Nano letters (Print), ISSN 1530-6984, E-ISSN 1530-6992, Vol. 18, no 5, p. 3047-3052Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We report on the site-selected growth of bright single InAsP quantum dots embedded within InP photonic nanowire waveguides emitting at telecom wavelengths. We demonstrate a dramatic dependence of the emission rate on both the emission wavelength and the nanowire diameter. With an appropriately designed waveguide, tailored to the emission wavelength of the dot, an increase in the count rate by nearly 2 orders of magnitude (0.4 to 35 kcps) is obtained for quantum dots emitting in the telecom O-band, showing high single-photon purity with multiphoton emission probabilities down to 2%. Using emission-wavelength-optimized waveguides, we demonstrate bright, narrow-line-width emission from single InAsP quantum dots with an unprecedented tuning range of 880 to 1550 nm. These results pave the way toward efficient single-photon sources at telecom wavelengths using deterministically grown InAsP/InP nanowire quantum dots.

123 1 - 50 of 134
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