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  • 1.
    Angelaki, Stavroula
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture, Lighting Design.
    Besenecker, Ute
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture, Lighting Design.
    Danielsson, Christina
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture.
    A review of lighting research in educational spaces2022In: IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, IOP Publishing , 2022, Vol. 1099, no 1, article id 012032Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The present paper summarises tendencies related to research in lighting for school environments from 1980 to 2020. Methods and tools used to evaluate and analyse both daylight and electric lighting are presented. The studies in this literature review were grouped in four decades and are presented chronologically. The review suggests a shift from on-site evaluations in the early decades, both when using qualitative and quantitative research methods, to software-based research and analysis in more recent studies. during the past decade, there appears to be a general increase in both software and user-based techniques for evaluation and design of educational spaces. However, it is interesting that the lighting layout in classrooms does not show significant changes during the four decades since it follows the same grid pattern regardless of the changes in architectural, design and teaching tendencies.

  • 2.
    Backlander, Gisela
    et al.
    Swedish Sch Sport & Hlth Sci, Stockholm, Sweden.;Karolinska Inst, Med Management Ctr, Solna, Sweden..
    Falten, Rebecca
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Psychol, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Bodin Danielsson, Christina
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture.
    Toivanen, Susanna
    Mälardalen Univ, Sch Hlth Care & Social Welf, Västerås, Sweden..
    Richter, Anne
    Swedish Sch Sport & Hlth Sci, Stockholm, Sweden.;Karolinska Inst, Med Management Ctr, Solna, Sweden..
    Development and Validation of a Multi-Dimensional Measure of Activity-Based Working Behaviors2021In: Frontiers in Psychology, E-ISSN 1664-1078, Vol. 12, article id 655881Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Most work on activity-based working centers on the physical environment and digital technologies enabling flexible working. While important, we believe the key components for implementing activity-based working are employee and manager behaviors. To measure the degree of enactment of activity-based work, based on workshops with experienced practitioners as well as previous literature, we have developed and validated a behavior-focused measure of activity-based working behaviors. In our initial sample (Sample 1, N = 234), three subscales were identified: task - environment crafting, workday planning, and social needs prioritization. In the replication sample (Sample 2, N = 434), this model also showed adequate fit. Moreover, task - environment crafting was related to general health and lower stress in sample 1 (multi-organization sample), but not in the single-organization sample (sample 2). Workday planning was associated with higher concentration in both samples and in the second sample with general health and work engagement; the latter was also related to social needs prioritization.</p>

  • 3.
    Bodin Danielsson, Christina
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture.
    A gender perspective on: stress among employees in different offices types2009Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 4.
    Bodin Danielsson, Christina
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture.
    Aesthetics versus Function: What matters to Office Employees?Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 5.
    Bodin Danielsson, Christina
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE).
    Contextual and general experiences among employees in different office types2007Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 6.
    Bodin Danielsson, Christina
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE).
    Difference in satisfaction with office environment among employees in different office-types2006Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 7.
    Bodin Danielsson, Christina
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture.
    Differences in perception of noise and privacy in different offices types2008In: Conference proceeding of the 20th International Congress of Acoustics '08, Paris, 2008Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 8.
    Bodin Danielsson, Christina
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture.
    Experiencing architecture: exploring the soul of the eye2011In: Considering Research: Reflecting upon current themes in architectural research / [ed] Philip Plowright et al, 2011Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 9.
    Bodin Danielsson, Christina
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture.
    Framtidens arbetsrum2011In: Framtider : bulletin / Sekretariatet för framtidsstudier - FRN, ISSN 0281-0492, Vol. 1Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 10.
    Bodin Danielsson, Christina
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture.
    Golv påverkar stressnivå i öppen kontorsmiljö2011In: Husbyggaren : organ för Svenska byggnadsingenjörers riksförbund, ISSN 0018-7968Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 11.
    Bodin Danielsson, Christina
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE).
    Office design: Health, creativity and interaction2004Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 12.
    Bodin Danielsson, Christina
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture.
    Office design's influence on employee's stress levels2010Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 13.
    Bodin Danielsson, Christina
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture.
    Office Experiences2008In: Product Experience / [ed] H. Schifferstein, Elservier , 2008, p. 605-628Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This chapter discusses the individual office employee’s experience of the physical office environment; its influence on the individual employee and in the prolongation on the organization to which the employee belongs. Since most organizations and businesses operate in a physical environment and the physical office environment sets the conditions for the activities performed, its impact should be recognized. The office experience has an impact through its functional, social, and symbolic implications on interaction and cooperation among employees; thus office experiences are fundamental at both an individual and an organizational level. Research on how the work environment influences employees is found in numerous fields such as architecture, organizational and management theory, social and stress medicine, as well as environmental and social psychology. Although this chapter touches upon all those fields, its focus is on the interior experience of office environments among employees. The aim is to discuss how the office environments influence employees, with an interdisciplinary approach to the subject. The special focus is on the part of the research presented in it that investigates the influence on employees’ office experience by different office types. When comparing the employees’ experiences of different office environments it is important to use the variety of office types that exists in office design today, instead of only comparing a vaguely defined open plan office to a single room office. According to the research, the architectural and functional features that define the existing office types have a great impact on office employees in different respects, such as employees’ health status, job satisfaction, and office experiences. Therefore, this chapter discusses how research results can be used in the professional practice of office design.

  • 14.
    Bodin Danielsson, Christina
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture.
    Office type's association to employees' welfare: Three studies2016In: Work: A journal of Prevention, Assessment and rehabilitation, ISSN 1051-9815, E-ISSN 1875-9270, Vol. 54, no 4, p. 779-790Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: The workplace is important for employees' daily life and well-being. This article investigates exploratory the office design's role for employees' welfare from different perspectives. OBJECTIVE: By comparing different studies of the office, type's influence on different factors of employees' welfare the aim is to see if any common patterns exist in office design's impact. METHODS: The three included studies investigate office type's association with employees' welfare by measuring its influence on: a) perception of leadership, b) sick leave, and c) job satisfaction. The sample consists of office employees from a large, national representative work environment survey that work in one of the seven identified office types in contemporary office design: (1) cell-offices; (2) shared-room offices; (3) small, (4) medium-sized and (5) large open-plan offices; (6) flex-offices and (7) combi-offices. Statistical method used is multivariate logistic and linear regression analysis with adjustment for background factors. RESULTS: Overall results show that shared-room office, traditional open plan offices and flex-office stand out negatively, but to different degree(s) on the different outcomes measured. CONCLUSIONS: This explorative comparison of different studies finds a pattern of office types that repeatedly show indications of negative influence on employees' welfare, but further studies are needed to clarify this.

  • 15.
    Bodin Danielsson, Christina
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE).
    Review of C. Gustafsson's licentiate thesis: Exploring office design: towards an eclectic approach2004In: Nordisk arkitekturforskning, ISSN 1102-5824, Vol. 3Article, book review (Other academic)
  • 16.
    Bodin Danielsson, Christina
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture.
    The architectural design's impact on office employees' comfort and wellbeing2011In: forthcoming / [ed] Pierrette, M; Rioux, L., Paris: Université de Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défence , 2011Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 17.
    Bodin Danielsson, Christina
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture.
    The Office - An Explorative Study: Architectural Design's Impact on Health, Job Satisfaction & Well-being2010Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This doctoral thesis examines the office environment’s influence on employees’ perception oftheir workplaces, their organizations and their job satisfaction, as well as their health and wellbeing.It is based on an empirical study of 491 office employees from twenty-six companies anddivisions in large companies. Seven office types, defined by their architectural and functionalfeatures, are represented in the study group: cell-office, shared-room office, small open planoffice, medium-sized open plan office, large open plan office, flex-office and combi-office. Theresearch has its basis in architecture, although an interdisciplinary approach using organizationaland management theory, environmental psychology, and social and stress medicine has beenemployed. Qualitative (Articles I & V) and quantitative methods(Articles II & IV) were used.The thesis also contains an explorative, review article. Thus it comprises all in all five articles.Article I is an analysis of the importance of architectural quality for employees´ perceptionand experience of the office using Lynch’s method (1960) developed to measure inhabitants’perception of architectural quality in cities. The study shows that in the office the experienceto a high degree is independent of both the scale of the office and office type; instead it isdetermined by the quality of the plan layout combined with the quality of other design features.It also shows Lynch’s method to be useful in foreseeing where the elements that reinforce‘imageability’ will most likely appear in an office environment.Article II investigates employees’ environmental satisfaction focusing on:1) ambient factors; 2) noise and privacy; and 3) design-related factors. The results, based onregression models with age, gender, job rank and line of business as additional covariates,show office type as a factor with a statistically significant impact on satisfaction with the officeenvironment. Employees in cell-offices are prominently most satisfied, followed by those inflex-offices, cell-offices rate low only on social aspects of design-related factors. A major findingis the internal differences between office types where employees share workspace and facilitieswith lowest satisfaction in medium-sized and large open plan offices.Article III is a review article that analyzes the employees’ office experiences in two ways:1) by framing the physical work environment’s influence on employees into the model oforganizational theorist Davis (1994); and 2) by categorizing the office experience into twogroups based on the nature of the experience and problems related to them. The results of theemperical study presented in Article II are the basis for the discussion in this article.Article IV examines employees’ health, well-being and job satisfaction. A multivariateanalysis applied to the study sample and equivalent to that of Article II shows significantly higherrisks for ill health and poor well-being in medium-sized and small open plan offices, comparedespecially with cell-office. In medium-sized open plan and combi-offices the employees evincethe lowest job satisfaction. The best chance for good health status and job satisfaction is in cellofficesand flex-offices.Article V examines the office architecture´s importance for employees’ perception of theirown workplaces and organizations based on the two key components of architecture—theaesthetical and functional dimensions. The results show that overall the employees had positiveexperiences of their office environments. These mainly concerned the aesthetical dimension,whereas the negative comments dealt with the functional dimension. The aesthetical dimensionappears not only to set the agenda for employees’ perception of the workplace and organizationas a whole, but also for the perception of the functional dimensions. The functional dimensionswere only in focus when the workstation and its proximate area were discussed.

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  • 18.
    Bodin Danielsson, Christina
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture.
    The Office - An Explorative Study: Architectural Design's Impact on Health, Job Satisfaction and Well-being2014Book (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This is an updated version of the Doctoral Thesis with the same title, that was presented in 2010 and is to be found at: http://kth.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?searchId=1&pid=diva2:349771

    As a consequence of the great interest for the doctoral thesis, it is now unavailable in print form. A second and updated edition is thus published. The only difference between the first and second edition of the thesis is the forword in the 2014 edition,  and the corrections of errors found in the last article "Aestethics versus Funciton: What matters to Office Employees?".

    This work examines the office environment’s influence on employees’ perception of their workplaces, their organizations and their job satisfaction, as well as their health and wellbeing. It is based on an empirical study of 491 office employees from twenty-six companies and divisions in large companies. Seven office types, defined by their architectural and functional features, are represented in the study group: cell-office, shared-room office, small open planoffice, medium-sized open plan office, large open plan office, flex-office and combi-office. The research has its basis in architecture, although an interdisciplinary approach using organizationaland management theory, environmental psychology, and social and stress medicine has been employed. Qualitative (Articles I & V) and quantitative methods(Articles II & IV) were used. The thesis also contains an explorative, review article. Thus it comprises all in all five articles. Article I is an analysis of the importance of architectural quality for employees´ perceptionand experience of the office using Lynch’s method (1960) developed to measure inhabitants’perception of architectural quality in cities. The study shows that in the office the experience to a high degree is independent of both the scale of the office and office type; instead it is determined by the quality of the plan layout combined with the quality of other design features. It also shows Lynch’s method to be useful in foreseeing where the elements that reinforce ‘imageability’ will most likely appear in an office environment. Article II investigates employees’ environmental satisfaction focusing on:1) ambient factors; 2) noise and privacy; and 3) design-related factors. The results, based on regression models with age, gender, job rank and line of business as additional covariates, show office type as a factor with a statistically significant impact on satisfaction with the officeenvironment. Employees in cell-offices are prominently most satisfied, followed by those inflex-offices, cell-offices rate low only on social aspects of design-related factors. A major finding is the internal differences between office types where employees share workspace and facilities with lowest satisfaction in medium-sized and large open plan offices. Article III is a review article that analyzes the employees’ office experiences in two ways:1) by framing the physical work environment’s influence on employees into the model oforganizational theorist Davis (1994); and 2) by categorizing the office experience into two groups based on the nature of the experience and problems related to them. The results of the emperical study presented in Article II are the basis for the discussion in this article. Article IV examines employees’ health, well-being and job satisfaction. A multivariate analysis applied to the study sample and equivalent to that of Article II shows significantly higher risks for ill health and poor well-being in medium-sized and small open plan offices, compared especially with cell-office. In medium-sized open plan and combi-offices the employees evince the lowest job satisfaction. The best chance for good health status and job satisfaction is in celloffices and flex-offices. Article V examines the office architecture´s importance for employees’ perception of their own workplaces and organizations based on the two key components of architecture—the aesthetical and functional dimensions. The results show that overall the employees had positive experiences of their office environments. These mainly concerned the aesthetical dimension, whereas the negative comments dealt with the functional dimension. The aesthetical dimension appears not only to set the agenda for employees’ perception of the workplace and organizationas a whole, but also for the perception of the functional dimensions. The functional dimensions were only in focus when the workstation and its proximate area were discussed.

  • 19.
    Bodin Danielsson, Christina
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture.
    The office architecture: A contextual experience with influences at the individual and group level2019In: Context: The Effects of Environment on Product Design and Evaluation, Elsevier BV , 2019, p. 431-455Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This book chapter focuses on office experience design from both the individual employee and the group and organizational perspective, since the experience of the office and its influence operate simultaneously at these levels. The presented review shows that the experience of office architecture, similar to other architectural experiences, is a holistic experience created by the combined effect of the physical characteristics of the environment and the functional feature of office work. As such, the office experience is a contextual experience, which, in this book chapter, is approached through an investigation of the role of different dimensions in the workplace design and their importance for employees’ environmental satisfaction. This is done by a presentation of three separate studies that from various perspectives investigate employees’ satisfaction with design-related factors in different office designs. Although the studies have partly different dimensions in focus, they all indicate that personal control is a key factor for high employee satisfaction and that different factors can enable this using different means. Recognizing this, the author believes there is a need for a holistic office design that identifies the different needs related to office work that is founded in the contextual experience of the office.

  • 20.
    Bodin Danielsson, Christina
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture.
    The office design's influence on employees' stress levels in an ergonomic context2010In: Proceeding of 6th International Conference on Ergonomics, Warsaw Poland, 2010Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 21.
    Bodin Danielsson, Christina
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture.
    The two aspects of office design: the aesthetic and functional dimension2009Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 22.
    Bodin Danielsson, Christina
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture.
    Bodin, Lennart
    Difference in satisfaction with office environment among employees in different office types2009In: Journal of Architectural and Planning Research, ISSN 0738-0895, ISSN 0738-0895, Vol. 26, no 3, p. 241-257Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Differences between office types may have an influence on the employees' satisfaction and psychological responses with respect to different aspects of the office environment. For this study, 469 employees rated their perceptions of and satisfaction with the office environments of seven different office types, which were classified as cell-office, shared-room office, small open-plan office, medium open-plan office, large open-plan office, flex-office, and combi-office. Three domains of environmental factors were analyzed: (1) ambient factors, (2) noise and privacy, and (3) design-related factors. Employee responses were evaluated using multivariate logistic and Poisson regression., Adjustments were made for potential confounders such as age, gender job rank, and line of business. Substantial differences between employees in different office types were found The analysis of frequencies in complaints within the three domains shows that noise and privacy is the domain that causes the most dissatisfaction among office employees. Cell-office employees are most satisfied with the physical environment overall, followed by those in flex-office. However the results for cell-office are not uniformly best, since they score low with regard to the social aspects of design-related factors and, in particular on support of affinity. The most dissatisfaction is reported in medium and large open-plan offices, where the complaints about noise and lack of privacy are especially negative. Architectural and functional features of the offices are discussed as the main explanatory factors for these results.

  • 23.
    Bodin Danielsson, Christina
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture.
    Bodin, Lennart
    Office-type in Relation to Health, Well-being and Job Satisfaction Among Employees2008In: Environment and Behavior, ISSN 0013-9165, E-ISSN 1552-390X, Vol. 40, p. 636-668Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This article investigates the hypothesis that office type has an influence on workers’ health status and job satisfaction and 469 employees in seven different types, defined by their unique setup of architectural and functional features, have rated their health status and job satisfaction. Multivariate regression models were used for analysis of these outcomes, with adjustment for age, gender, job rank, and line of business. Both health status and job satisfaction differed between the seven office types. Lowest health status was found in medium-sized and small open plan offices. Best health was among employees in cell offices and flex offices. Workers in these types of offices and in shared room offices also rated the highest job satisfaction. Lowest job satisfaction was in combi offices, followed by medium-sized open plan offices. The differences between employees could possibly be ascribed to variations in architectural and functional features of the office types.

  • 24.
    Bodin Danielsson, Christina
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture.
    Bodin, Lennart
    Wulff, Cornelia
    Theorell, Tores
    The relation between office type and workplace conflict: A gender and noise perspective2015In: Journal of Environmental Psychology, ISSN 0272-4944, E-ISSN 1522-9610, Vol. 42, p. 161-171Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This exploratory study aimed to investigate the impact of the office design on workplace conflicts, with a special attention to noise in the office. A gender perspective was applied. The sample consisted of 5229 employees from the Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health 2010 (SLOSH), working in different office types. In the multivariate analysis office type was used as the explanatory variable with adjustments for age, supervisory position and labour market sector. Analysis stratified for gender was used. Among women a significant impact of office type per se on workplace conflicts was found, but not among men. For women several office types differed significantly from the cell-office with regard to prevalence of conflicts during the past two years, but for men only the combi-office differed from the cell-office. Noise had an impact on workplace conflicts, but is not the only explanatory factor since the effect of office type remained also after adjustment for noise in multivariate analyses. Other environmental factors inherent in the office type might thus explain the occurrence of conflicts.

  • 25.
    Bodin Danielsson, Christina
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE).
    Hoy, Sara
    GIH, Swedish Sch Sport & Hlth Sci, S-11433 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Health-Supportive Office Design-It Is Chafing Somewhere: Where and Why?2022In: Sustainability, E-ISSN 2071-1050, Vol. 14, no 19, p. 12504-, article id 12504Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This explorative case study investigates health-promoting office design from an experience and meaning-making perspective in an activity-based flex-office (A-FO) in a headquarter building. This small case study (n = 11) builds using qualitative data (walk-through and focus group interviews). A reflexive thematic analysis (RTA) of the experience of design approach was performed on this from a health and sustainability perspective, including the physical, mental, and social dimensions of health defined by WHO. Results show a wide range in participants' experiences and meaning-making of the health-promoting office design of their office building. The control aspect plays a central role in participants' experiences, including factors such as surveillance and obeyance, related to status and power, in turn associated with experiences of pleasantness, symbolism, and inclusiveness. Three main themes are identified in participants' experiences: (1) comfort-non-comfort, (2) outsider-insider, and (3) symbolism. The major finding of the study is the ambiguity among participants about the health-supportive office design of the office building per se and its various environments. There is a sense that it is chafing, due to dissonance between the intention of the office and the applied design.

  • 26.
    Bodin Danielsson, Christina
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE).
    Rönn, Magnus
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE).
    Bodin, Lennart
    Kontorsmiljön påverkar hälsa, trivsel, och arbete2008In: Miljöforskning, ISSN 1650-4925, Vol. 2Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 27.
    Chafi, Maral Babapour
    et al.
    Chalmers Univ Technol, Div Design & Human Factors, Horsalsvagen 5-7, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Harder, Mette
    Umea Univ, Umea Sch Architecture, Arkitekhogskolan, Strandgatan 30c, SE-90187 Umea, Sweden..
    Bodin Danielsson, Christina
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE).
    Workspace preferences and non-preferences in Activity-based Flexible Offices: Two case studies2020In: Applied Ergonomics, ISSN 0003-6870, E-ISSN 1872-9126, Vol. 83, article id 102971Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Activity-based Flexible Offices (AFOs) are innovations in workspace design that are being increasingly implemented in organisations. While most studies investigate satisfaction and perceived work support in AFOs, employees' workspace preferences are not addressed in the literature. The aims of this study were to (i) identify workspace preferences and non-preferences in AFOs, and (ii) investigate whether employees' workstation choices support their activities and align with their preferences. Two Swedish municipalities participated in the study. Data collection involved 27 semi-structured interviews and annotations on architectural drawings. The results showed that the interviewees preferred workstations that were both desirable and functional, and avoided workstations that were undesirable. This was due to functional, social, emotional and symbolic aspects of the workspaces as well as their physical structure and stimuli. The approach used in this paper can be adopted for improving the design of AFOs, thereby mitigating the stress of finding a suitable workstation.

  • 28.
    Danielsson, Christina
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture.
    Applying Lynch’s Theory on Office Environments2005In: Nordic Journal of Architectural Research, E-ISSN 1893-5281, Vol. 4, p. 69-79Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 29.
    Danielsson, Christina
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Design, Work Environment, Safety and Health, DASH.
    Office Design: Applying Lynch’s Theory on Office Environments2005In: Nordisk arkitekturforskning, ISSN 1102-5824, no 4, p. 69-79Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 30.
    Danielsson, Christina
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH), Design, Work Environment, Safety and Health, DASH.
    Office Environment and Employee Satisfaction: The Impact of Office-type.Manuscript (Other academic)
  • 31.
    Danielsson, Christina
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH).
    Office environment, health and job satisfaction: an explorative study of office design's influence2005Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other scientific)
    Abstract [en]

    The present thesis investigates environmental factors impact on office employees. More specifically, it investigates: 1) perception and experience of office environments, 2) satisfaction with office environments, and 3) health status and job satisfaction in connection to office environment. It is based on an empirical study with 491 office employees from twenty-six companies and divisions in larger companies. Each one respectively represents one of seven identified office-types in office design: cell-office, sharedroom office, small open plan office, medium open plan office, large open plan office, flex-office and combi-office. This study takes its basis in architecture, although an interdisciplinary approach from organizational and management theory, environmental psychology, and social and stress medicine has been used. Qualitative and quantitative methods were used.

    In Article I a review of the different research fields that investigate environmental influences are presented with a focus on office environments. Different perspectives on the environmental impact on office employees are investigated.

    In Article II an analysis of office environment based on the employee’s perception and experience of the architecture is done based on in-depth interviews using a method originally developed by Kevin Lynch (1960). The method measures the "imagebility" of a space, rated by the users with following elements: landmark, node, path, edge and district. The result showed that the method, based on employees’ perception and use of space, is a possible tool in the design process to get a better understanding of where the elements that reinforce "imageability" most likely will appear in an office environment. The method thus gives a better idea of the future "imageability" of a space and could be useful as guidance in the design process of how the architectural design will be received by the users in the end.

    In Article III employees’ satisfaction with the office environment in different office-types is investigated. The article focuses on three domains: 1) Ambient factors, 2) Noise and Privacy and 3) Designrelated factors. The statistical analysis was done using a logistic regression model with multivariate analysis. Adjustment was done for: age, gender, job rank, job satisfaction and market division. The results show differences in satisfaction with the office environment between employees in different office-types, many of which were statistically significant. When differences persist in the multivariate analysis they can possibly be ascribed to the office-type. Results show that employees in cell-offices are prominently most satisfied followed by those in flex-offices. Cell-offices rate only low on social aspects of Design-related factors. A major finding is internal differences between different office-types where employees share workspace and facilities. The medium and large open plan offices could be described as high-risk officetypes.

    In Article IV differences between employees in different office-types with regard to health, wellbeing and job satisfaction are analyzed. A multivariate analysis of the data was done with adjustment for the confounders: age, gender, job rank and market division. The results show that there are risks of ill health and poor well-being in medium and small open plan offices. Employees in these office-types show significantly higher risks compared with those in other office-types. In medium open plan and combioffices the employees show the highest prevalence of low job satisfaction. The best chance for good health status and job satisfaction is among employees in cell-offices and flex-offices; there are, however, internal differences in distribution on different outcome variables for job satisfaction. The major finding of these studies is that there are significant differences with regard to satisfaction with office environments as well as health status and job satisfaction between employees in different office-types; differences that can possibly can be ascribed to the office-types as they persist after adjustment for important confounders.

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  • 32.
    Danielsson, Christina
    KTH, School of Technology and Health (STH).
    Three Approaches to Office Design; A Review of Environmental InfluencesManuscript (Other academic)
  • 33.
    Danielsson, Christina Bodin
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture. The Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden.
    The shaping factors forming contemporary and future office designs2019In: Nordisk arkitekturforskning, ISSN 1102-5824, Vol. 31, no 2, p. 53-80Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This article contains an exploratory survey of key determinants of future office workplaces, taking into account the current discourse on the subject, by framing the disparate knowledge on the subject in an office design context. The aim is not to present a full review of this wide field, which covers various disciplines and participants with different backgrounds. Instead, the aim is to present the subject of future workplaces and how it is debated in the various fields and the different perspectives applied to it, in order to make the subject easily accessible to architects and designers. This is achieved by gathering various discourses within the field and presenting these from a design perspective. This survey applies a triangulation approach, where knowledge is retrieved from three sources: practice, research and case study, from which interview data is utilized. A method that highlights and contrasts different aspects and perspectives on the subject. In addition to gathering this disparate range of discourse describing the future workplace, the primary result of this survey is the identification of six "shaping factors" that dictate the future office: 1) Generation Y, 2) Diversity of workforce, 3) Digital development, 4) Office, a meeting place, 5) Branding, 6) Flexibility. This article presents the relations between these six points as well as the potential risks and benefits from their combined and individual use. The article also aims to identify potentially important future topics to develop and study in office design, in order to be better prepared to meet the future. 

  • 34.
    Danielsson, Christina
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture.
    Theorell, Toeres
    Stockholm Univ, Stress Res Inst, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Office Employees' Perception of Workspace Contribution: A Gender and Office Design Perspective2019In: Environment and Behavior, ISSN 0013-9165, E-ISSN 1552-390X, Vol. 51, no 9-10, p. 995-1026Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this exploratory study, we investigated the relationship between office design and employee perception of its contribution to job satisfaction, comfort, and performance. The study includes 4,352 employees in seven different office designs. Associations between workspace satisfaction and perceived access to supportive facilities (ancillary spaces for concentrated work and for different meetings) were also investigated since these factors may be related to employees' workspace satisfaction. Multivariate linear and logistic regression analyses were performed separately for men and women with adjustments for age and education. Supplementary correlation analyses were performed between workspace satisfaction and perceived access to supportive facilities. Results showed differences between employees' workspace satisfaction in studied office designs. Those with the lowest ratings of access to supportive facilities reported the lowest degree of satisfaction. The best results were found in cell-offices and the worst ones in hot-desking offices. Gender differences were also observed.

  • 35. Otterbring, T.
    et al.
    Bodin Danielsson, Christina
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture.
    Pareigis, J.
    Office types and workers' cognitive vs affective evaluations from a noise perspective2020In: Journal of Managerial Psychology, ISSN 0268-3946, E-ISSN 1758-7778Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: This study aims to examine the links between office types (cellular, shared-room, small and medium-sized open-plan) and employees' subjective well-being regarding cognitive and affective evaluations and the role perceived noise levels at work has on the aforementioned associations. Design/methodology/approach: A survey with measures of office types, perceived noise levels at work and the investigated facets of subjective well-being (cognitive vs affective) was distributed to employees working as real estate agents in Sweden. In total, 271 useable surveys were returned and were analyzed using analyses of variance (ANOVAs) and a regression-based model mirroring a test of moderated mediation. Findings: A significant difference was found between office types on the well-being dimension related to cognitive, but not affective, evaluations. Employees working in cellular and shared-room offices reported significantly higher ratings on this dimension than employees working in open-plan offices, and employees in medium-sized open-plan offices reported significantly lower cognitive evaluation scores than employees working in all other office types. This pattern of results was mediated by perceived noise levels at work, with employees in open-plan (vs cellular and shared-room) offices reporting less satisfactory noise perceptions and, in turn, lower well-being scores, especially regarding the cognitive (vs affective) dimension. Originality/value: This is one of the first studies to compare the relative impact of office types on both cognitive and affective well-being dimensions while simultaneously testing and providing empirical support for the presumed process explaining the link between such aspects.

  • 36.
    Rolfö, Linda
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, Ergonomics.
    Bodin Danielsson, Christina
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture.
    Plan layout, space ratios and interior design in activity-based flexible officesManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Activity-based flexible offices (A-FOs) are implemented worldwide and comprise open-plan areas and additional enclosed back-up spaces. A-FOs vary in number of acoustic settings, individual enclosed back-up rooms, workstation arrangement and amount of space per workstation and employee. Comparative studies of A-FOs are scarce and do not specify or describe details about architectural features, perceptions of these features and related working conditions. This study compares four A-FO cases’ workspaces (i.e. plan layouts), acoustic settings, space ratios and interior designs, as well as employee perceptions of these settings and perceived performance and workspace satisfaction. Evaluation of four plan layouts, on-site observations and Kruskal-Wallis pairwise comparisons on 202 questionnaire responses showed that employees in offices with (1) most ample ratios (e.g. 0.9 workstations/employee), (2) variations in acoustic environments (from strictly quiet to interactive areas), (3) lowest number of workstations in a row, and (4) corridors separated from workstations, were significantly more satisfied with the space configuration parameters, acoustics, mental working conditions and privacy, as well as work environment satisfaction and perceived performance. The office environment can explain variations in workspace satisfaction and perceived performance in A-FOs.

  • 37.
    Rönn, Magnus
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture.
    Bodin, Lennart
    Bodin Danielsson, Christina
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture.
    Office environment affects health, wellbeing and work2008In: Sustainability, E-ISSN 2071-1050, no 2Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 38.
    Troije, Charlotte Petersson
    et al.
    Malmö Univ, Dept Urban Studies, Malmö, Sweden.;Mälardalen Univ, Sch Hlth Care & Social Welf, Div Sociol, Västerås, Sweden..
    Jensen, Ebba Lisberg
    Malmö Univ, Dept Urban Studies, Malmö, Sweden..
    Stenfors, Cecilia
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Psychol, Stockholm, Sweden.;Karolinska Inst, Aging Res Ctr, Solna, Sweden..
    Danielsson, Christina
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture.
    Hoff, Eva
    Lund Univ, Dept Psychol, Lund, Sweden..
    Martensson, Fredrika
    Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept People & Soc, Alnarp, Sweden..
    Toivanen, Susanna
    Mälardalen Univ, Sch Hlth Care & Social Welf, Div Sociol, Västerås, Sweden..
    Outdoor Office Work - An Interactive Research Project Showing the Way Out2021In: Frontiers in Psychology, E-ISSN 1664-1078, Vol. 12, article id 636091Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The physical boundaries of office work have become increasingly flexible. Work is conducted at multiple locations outside the office, such as at clients' premises, at home, in cafes, or when traveling. However, the boundary between indoor and outdoor environment seems to be strong and normative regarding how office work is performed. The aim of this study was to explore how office work may be conducted outdoors, understanding how it is being experienced by office employees and identifying its contextual preconditions. Based on a two-year interactive research project, the study was conducted together with a Swedish municipality. Fifty-eight participants engaged in the collaborative learning process, including 40 half-day workshops and reflective group discussions, co-interviews, and participants' independent experimentation of bringing work activities outdoors. Data was collected via interviews, group discussions and a custom-made mobile application. The results showed that a wide range of work activities could be done outdoors, both individually and in collaboration with others. Outdoor work activities were associated with many positive experiences by contributing to a sense of well-being, recovery, autonomy, enhanced cognition, better communication, and social relations, but also with feelings of guilt and illegitimacy. Conditions of importance for outdoor office work to happen and function well were found in the physical environment, where proximity to urban greenspaces stood out as important, but also in the sociocultural and organizational domains. Of crucial importance was managers' attitudes, as well as the overall organizational culture on this idea of bringing office work outdoors. To conclude, if working life is to benefit from outdoor office work, leaders, urban planners and policymakers need to collaborate and show the way out.

  • 39.
    Öhrn, Maria
    et al.
    Umeå Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Clin Med, Sect Sustainable Hlth, S-90187 Umeå, Sweden..
    Wahlstrom, Viktoria
    Umeå Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Clin Med, Sect Sustainable Hlth, S-90187 Umeå, Sweden..
    Harder, Mette S.
    Umeå Univ, Umeå Sch Architecture, S-90187 Umeå, Sweden..
    Nordin, Maria
    Umeå Univ, Dept Psychol, S-90187 Umeå, Sweden..
    Pettersson-Stromback, Anita
    Umeå Univ, Dept Psychol, S-90187 Umeå, Sweden..
    Danielsson, Christina
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture.
    Olsson, David
    Umeå Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Clin Med, Sect Sustainable Hlth, S-90187 Umeå, Sweden..
    Andersson, Martin
    Umeå Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Clin Med, Sect Sustainable Hlth, S-90187 Umeå, Sweden..
    Jarvholm, Lisbeth Slunga
    Umeå Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Clin Med, Sect Sustainable Hlth, S-90187 Umeå, Sweden..
    Productivity, Satisfaction, Work Environment and Health after Relocation to an Activity-Based Flex Office-The Active Office Design Study2021In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, ISSN 1661-7827, E-ISSN 1660-4601, Vol. 18, no 14, article id 7640Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Implementation of activity-based flex offices (AFOs) are becoming increasingly common. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of an AFO on perceived productivity, satisfaction, work environment and health. Questionnaire data from the longitudinal, quasi-experimental Active Office Design Study was used. The study evaluates a public organization relocating staff to either an AFO or to cell offices. Measures from baseline, 6 and 18 months after relocation, were analyzed. Employees in the AFO experienced a decreased productivity and satisfaction with the office design. Lack of privacy as well as increased noise disturbance, less satisfaction with sit comfort and work posture were reported. Employees in the AFO with work tasks requiring a high degree of concentration experienced lower productivity while those with a high proportion of teamwork rated productivity to be continually high. No significant group differences were found between the two office types in general health, cognitive stress, salutogenic health indicators or pain in the neck, shoulder or back. The study highlights the importance of taking work characteristics into account in the planning and implementation process of an AFO. Flexible and interactive tasks seem more appropriate in an AFO, whereas individual tasks demanding concentration seem less fit.

1 - 39 of 39
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