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  • 101.
    Ericsson, Evelina
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Lilliesköld, Joakim
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Identifying weaknesses in the design for six sigma concept through a pedagogical structure2012Inngår i: 2012 Proceedings of Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology: Technology Management for Emerging Technologies, PICMET'12, IEEE , 2012, s. 3379-3386Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    All product-developing organizations strive with challenges regarding how to organize and structure their development projects. Faster market changes, increased number of competitors, ambivalent customers, new regulations and standards have made product development become more complex. Due to these challenges organizations need to focus on product development to be able to stay competitive in the market. Therefor several concepts fostering improvement in product development organizations have been developed during the last decades. One such concept is Design for Six Sigma (DFSS) aiming to improve and structure development processes and their included activities. The concept is still considered as new and until today based on a complex structure. This article introduces a pedagogical way to structure the DFSS concept simplifying organizational implementations and benchmarking of the concept. Also remaining gaps in the concept and hypotheses regarding how to counter these gaps are presented in the article.

  • 102.
    Ericsson, Evelina
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Lilliesköld, Joakim
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Gingnell, Liv
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    A Survey of Quality Measurements in Product Development2012Inngår i: International Journal of Engineering and Technology, ISSN 1793-8236, E-ISSN 1793-8244, Vol. 4, nr 3, s. 258-264Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    There is a lack of definitions of clear quality measurements within existing product development literature. Several literature sources that mention measurements in product development base their attitude on the triple constraints division into time, costs and functionality/quality. This article summarizes proposed literature definitions of what to include within quality measurements in product development. The article also proposes a statement of different existing viewpoints of quality measurements within some organization’s development process.

  • 103.
    Ericsson, Evelina
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Lilliesköld, Joakim
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    von Würtemberg, Liv Marcks
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Integrating DFSS and Lean Product Development: Using Project Management Success Factors to Evaluate Product Development Concepts2010Inngår i: Proceedings ASQ World conference on quality and Improvement, 2010Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    In product development, there is a need for quality focused structures that enable connections between the development divvision and other departments within the company. During the last decade, several concepts for product development have arisen. Design for Six Sigma (DFSS) and Lean Product Development (LPD) are now the most well known quality focused concepts for product development. Even though DFSS and LPD share the same objectives, they are most often regarded independent from each other and most companies chose to work with only one of the concepts. This paper compares and analyzes DFSS and LPD in order to investigate if and how the concepts could be integrated with each other. A widened scope and an objective evaluation of both concepts are ensured by using a general project management approach. The analysis of DFSS and LPD is based on the fulfillment of the ten project management success factors as provided by the Standish Group in their of the cited Chaos report. Based on the analysis, this study concludes that an integration of DFSS and LPD is both possible and beneficial. Together, they meet the requirements of the success factors to a much larger extent than what would be the case for a single concept. From the perspective of The Standish Group a combination of DFSS and LPD generates an almost perfect and complete concept for product development. This paper presents a proposal of how to integrate DFSS and LPD combining parts from the LPD philosophy with concrete tools and structures from DFSS for maximal success.

  • 104.
    Ericsson, Evelina
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Lilliesköld, Joakim
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Würtemberg, Liv Marcks von
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    A Survey of Quality Measurements in Product Development2011Inngår i: Proceedings 2011 International Conference on Product Development and Renewable Energy Resources, 2011Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 105.
    Ericsson, Evelina
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Lilliesköld, Joakim
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Würtemberg, Liv Marcks von
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Visual Planning Applied in a Research Environment2011Inngår i: Proceedings QMOD Conference on Quality and Service Sciences ICQSS, 2011Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 106.
    Ericsson, Evelina
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Von Würtemberg, L.M
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Lilliesköld, Joakim
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Who is the DFSS Black Belt?: An investigation of the competence profile of the role in theory and practice2011Inngår i: PICMET: Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology, Proceedings , 2011, s. 6017809-Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Many companies of today use development concepts like Design for Six Sigma (DFSS) to structure and improve their development processes. An important part of the DFSS concept is the role structure and the role of the Black Belt in particular. That the DFSS Black Belts are given sufficient help to meet the high expectations of the role is therefore of crucial importance for the success of a DFSS initiative. When implementing DFSS in an organization, a training investment related to the role structure is recommended by literature. Little is however said about how this training should be carried out in practice. Interviews on a multinational Swedish organization recognized for its extensive DFSS and Six Sigma program shows that some requirements on DFSS Black Belt competences are not covered by existing literature or by the official descriptions of DFSS Black Belt certification requirements. The purpose of the article is to investigate the gap between what companies whish their DFSS Black Belts to know and what support research and DFSS training companies can offer in this matter. The paper also provides a competence profile for a DFSS Black Belt. The competence profile summarizes recommended knowledge for a DFSS Black Belt derived from literature, DFSS certification companies and practical experience from the case study company.

  • 107.
    Eriksson, Markus
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Armendariz, Mikel
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Vasilenko, Oleg
    Ericsson Innovations Russia.
    Saleem, Arshad
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Nordström, Lars
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Multiagent-Based Distribution AutomationSolution for Self-Healing Grids2015Inngår i: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, ISSN 0278-0046, E-ISSN 1557-9948, Vol. 62, nr 4, s. 2620-2628Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    A multiagent-based distribution automationsolution is proposed to be used in the distribution of selfhealinggrids to solve the service restoration part of theFault Location, Isolation and Service Restoration (FLISR)task. The solution reduces the grid topology to an undirectedweighted graph and executes a distributed implementationof Prim’s minimum spanning tree algorithm tosolve the problem. The solution is compliant with state-ofthe-art standards within smart grids, including but not limitedto IEC61850. To test the performance of the algorithm,a testbed is assembled consisting of a physical dc gridmodel and several Arduino microcontrollers and RaspberryPi computers. The test results show that the proposedalgorithm can handle complex FLISR scenarios.

  • 108.
    Eriksson, Mikael
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Procurement of Complex Technical Systems: Strategies for Successful Projects2005Doktoravhandling, med artikler (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    When facing a procurement of a complex technical system, many questions are to be asked. The main question is how the best and most suitable systems are obtained, at the right cost. In order to answer that question numerous aspects must be considered and investigated. Even after having conducted careful analysis the question will most certainly never be entirely answered. In the early stages of procurement projects it is important that time is allocated for evaluation and decision-making concerning what truly is needed and most important on the management strategy to use.

    Procurement projects often misses someone that have a totality perspective, the projects are often extended in time, the experience and competence of the involved actors are often not properly used in the projects and it is impossible to write clear-cut contracts between the involved actors. These incongruities create need for focused and applicable procurement strategies. It is in the beginning of the procurement process that these decisions concerning which procurement strategies to be used in the project have to be made. The strategy decisions should primarily be based on the available competence of the already involved actors, and secondly on what competencies available at possible actors to involve. The competencies needed in the different phases of the procurement project can be predicted fairly accurately. The risks and responsibilities should be distributed among the involved actors depending on their accessible competence and resources. Focus should be on the capabilities of the involved actors instead of on the cost. Decisions made in the initial phases must also allow as much flexibility as possible for the later phases to come.

    In the research, case studies on procurement projects have been conducted. In the case studies data have been gathered and case study analyses have formed a comprehensive view of procurement projects. The research in this thesis offers insight on the impact of procurement strategy on allocation of responsibilities and risks in procurement projects and the importance of a well formulated procurement strategy is stressed. The procurement strategy is important when to efficiently utilize available competencies and resources. Also, the importance of how to formulate requirements that enable the best possible contribution to the project of all the available and involved actors has been examined. How the requirements are formulated and communicated determine to very large extend how the project should be organised, both by the client and the supplier.

    This thesis gives guidelines on the organisation of procurement projects for complex technical systems. It further discusses the formulation of procurement strategies depending on the involved actors’ competencies. A framework for procurement of complex technical systems is also presented.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 109.
    Eriksson, Mikael
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Procurement of complex technical systems: the importance of assessment of the initial project conditions2005Inngår i: IAMOT 2005, 14th International Conference on Management of Technology, 2005Konferansepaper (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 110.
    Eriksson, Mikael
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Lilliesköld, Joakim
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    A Handbook for Smaller Projects2004Bok (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 111.
    Eriksson, Mikael
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Lilliesköld, Joakim
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Projektstyring i praksis2007Bok (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 112.
    Eriksson, Mikael
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Lilliesköld, Joakim
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Jonsson, Narcisa
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Novosel, Damir
    How to manage complex, multinational R&D projects successfully2002Inngår i: Engineering Management Journal, ISSN 1042-9247, E-ISSN 0960-7919, Vol. 14, nr 2, s. 53-60Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The globalization of markets, mergers of international companies, and integration of managerial and business processes in global corporations are changing project management fundamentals. A clearly recognizable trend in multinational companies since the mid-1980s has been globalization of R & D and competence portfolios. Applied development is usually conducted in the form of a distributed project organization. A project team is formed across geographical, organizational, and cultural boundaries, engaging in a project with a global focus. Although a multinational project organization has great potential in many dimensions, there is no doubt that the execution of a distributed high technological project is still a great challenge. This article identifies success factors in the management of distributed projects with global goals. The authors have focused on the practical experiences of the execution of complex multinational projects in the area of applied system development for power industry.

  • 113.
    Eyob, Jonas
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Master data management: A study of challenges and success factors at NCC2015Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 poäng / 30 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    As enterprises continue to grow, as do the quantity of data and the complexity of storing thedata in meaningful ways, for which companies can later capitalize on (e.g. using analyticalsystems). For enterprises with an international presence it is common that a customer may alsobe a customer and supplier across borders and business areas. This complexity has created anumber of challenges in the ways many enterprises has previously managed their data and isespecially important to addresses for some of the enterprises most critical data entities (e.g.customer, supplier, chart of accounts, etc.) also known as master data. Master data management(MDM) is an umbrella term for a set of technology independent disciplines focusing on masterdata with the common goal of helping enterprises to achieve a single version of the truth for itsmaster entities, which in today’s enterprises are usually spread across heterogeneous datasources which has historically made it difficult for some enterprise to achieve a collective viewon, for example, who their customers are and if they are really meeting the market demands.The aim of this thesis to understand what challenges enterprises faces when attempting toimplement MDM with a primary focus on the governance aspect. An empirical study wasconducted in collaboration with NCC AB consisting of interviews with NCC employees,external consultants and literature study. The data obtained from the empirical study where thenused as basis for constructing a set of causal graphs to depict the issues identified and the causalfactors impacting them; along with recommendations obtained from the external consultants onhow to address some of these issues. The purpose is to deduce a number of success factors onhow to overcome these challenges in order to NCC to succeed with their MDM initiative.Results shows that MDM is still a somewhat new concept and where literature on the subject ismany times insufficient in details making it hard to understand how to begin. Furthermore, frominterviews with NCC employees three dominating problem areas were identified Common datadefinition, Success change initiative and Data quality, suggesting that most challenges involvedin implementing MDM is not technology related but rather organizational and governancerelated. It is imperative that the business is the one that drives the efforts within MDM initiativeas it is the business who best knows the problems they are facing, and how better managementof data can improve their ability to realise their business objectives. Furthermore, there needs tobe an appointed governance organization which will be responsible for instituting appropriatepolicies, metrics and roles with clearly defined areas of responsibility in order to instil a sense ofaccountability for the master entities across business areas.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 114.
    Farnian, Adnan
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Assessing The Relative Importance of Information Security Governance Processes on Reducing Negative Impacts From Information Security Incidents2010Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 poäng / 30 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    Today the extent and value of electronic data is constantly growing. Dealing across the internet depends on how secure consumers believe their personal data are. And therefore, information security becomes essential to any business with any form of web strategy, from simple business-to-consumer, or business-to-business to the use of extranets, e-mail and instants messaging. It matters too any organization that depends on computers for its daily existence.

    This master thesis has its focus on Information Security Governance. The goal of this thesis was to study different Information Security processes within the five objectives for Information Security Governance in order to identify which processes that organizations should prioritize in order to reduce negative consequences on the data, information and software of a business from security incidents. By surveying IT experts, it was possible to gather their relative opinion regarding the relationship between Information Security Governance processes and security incidents.

    By studying the five desired objectives for Information Security Governance,

    Strategic

    Alignment, Risk Management, Resource Management, Performance Measurement

    and

    Value Delivery

    the result indicated that some processes within Performance Measurements have a difference in relation to other processes. For those processes a conclusion can be made that they are not as important as the processes which they were compared to. A reason for this can be that the processes within performance measurement are different in such a way that they measure an incident after it has actually happened.

    While other processes within the objectives for ISG are processes which needs to be fulfilled in order to prevent that an incident happens. This could obviously explain why the expert‟s choose to value the processes within performance measurement less important compared to other processes.

    However, this conclusion cannot be generalized, since the total amount of completed responses where less than expected. More respondents would have made the result more reliable. The majority of the respondents were academicals and their opinion and experience may be different from the IT experts within the industry, which have a better understanding of how it actually works in reality within an organization.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 115.
    Fazeli, Seyed Mohammad
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    SMART CITY: A PROTOTYPE FOR CARBON FOOTPRINT MOBILE APP2014Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 poäng / 30 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    Global warming has increased significantly over the past decades and at its

    center, there are human factors which have the greatest impacts on productions of

    carbon dioxide which is considered as a primary greenhouse gas in development of

    global warming. Greenhouse gas emissions and, in particular, carbon dioxide emissions

    are growing significantly to the extent that if no initiatives are taken, it can have dramatic

    consequences for our future generations and in

    general for human’s life on Earth,

    therefore we need means by which we can control and maintain the levels of greenhouse

    gas emissions and in particular carbon dioxide emissions.

    One of the efficient solutions that can significantly decrease the levels of carbon dioxide

    emissions is the construction and development of smart cities. In this context (smart

    city), individuals can play an important role in reducing the CO2 emissions.

    By considering the new opportunities that can result from development of Smart Cities

    and the essential role of information and communication technology (ICT) in such

    cities, this thesis work tries to introduce the idea of a self-tracking Carbon Footprint

    mobile application which

    enables users to keep track of their individual’s carbon dioxide

    emissions occurred as a result of their daily activities such as eating, transportation,

    shopping, energy consumption, and etc. in real time.

    Being able to measure the generated carbon footprint with respect to each of the user’s

    activities, users will be able to monitor and control it. This monitoring and controlling

    of one’s carbon footprint can have significant influences in reducing those human

    factors which result in production of more carbon dioxide gases and consequently more

    global warming effects.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 116.
    Fazlollahi, Ariyan
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Benefits of Enterprise Integration Systems2012Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 poäng / 30 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    Today, with various technology and business standards, organizations face rapid changes in both internal and external environments. To be able to rapidly respond to such changing environments, integration of software systems has entered among the top priorities of many organizations. However, despite extended use of software integration, methods for estimating the business value of implementing such integration are still missing. Besides presenting a conceptual model to define the benefits of systems integration and related causal relationships, this study proposes a method for measuring such benefits in monetary terms. In particular, we  demonstrate how a mathematical programming technique called Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) can be used to evaluate the business value of software integration. Our method is illustrated using data from 12 organizations. The results indicate significant productivity gains by integrating software systems, which represent the value of software integration in organizations.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 117.
    Fazlollahi, Ariyan
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Franke, Ulrik
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem. Swedish Institute of Computer Science (RISE SICS), Box 1263, Kista, Sweden.
    Measuring the impact of enterprise integration on firm performance using data envelopment analysis2018Inngår i: International Journal of Production Economics, ISSN 0925-5273, E-ISSN 1873-7579, Vol. 200, s. 119-129Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Today, with rapidly developing technology and changing business models, organizations face rapid changes in both internal and external environments. To be able to rapidly respond to such changing environments, integration of software systems has become a top priority for many organizations. However, despite extensive use of software systems integration, quantitative methods for estimating the business value of such integrations are still missing. Using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and the microeconomic concept of marginal rates, this study proposes a method for quantifying the effects of enterprise integration on the firm performance. In the paper, we explain how DEA can be used to evaluate the marginal benefits of enterprise integration. Our proposed method is to measure and compare the productive efficiency of firms using enterprise integration, specifically by relating the benefits produced to the resources consumed in the process. The method is illustrated on data collected from 12 organizations. The defined method has a solid theoretical foundation, eliminating the need for a priori information about the relationship between different measures. Furthermore, the framework could be used not only to quantify the business value of enterprise integration, but also to estimate trade-offs and impacts of other subjective managerial goals on the results. The major limitation of the proposed method is the absence of a comprehensive theory relating IT architecture changes to organizational outcomes. The underlying model is strongly dependent on the relevancy and accuracy of the included variables, as well as number of data units, introducing uncertainties to the outcomes of the model.

  • 118.
    Fazlollahi, Ariyan
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Franke, Ulrik
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Ullberg, Johan
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Benefits of enterprise integration: Review, classification, and suggestions for future research2012Inngår i: Enterprise Interoperability: 4th International IFIP Working Conference, IWEI 2012, Harbin, China, September 6-7, 2012. Proceedings / [ed] Marten van Sinderen, Pontus Johnson, Xiaofei Xu, Guy Doumeingts, Springer, 2012, s. 34-45Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    This article reports the findings of a literature review concerning the potential benefits of Enterprise Integration (EI) for organizations. The review reveals the current state of the scientific literature concerning the potential benefits of EI, classified using a conceptual model of the enterprise. We believe that the results provide a consolidated and comprehensive picture of such potential benefits, useful as a baseline for future research. Additionally, the review is expected to assist practitioners in establishing business cases for EI by means of scientifically grounded reasoning about how EI benefits can contribute to the achievement of certain business goals. Additionally, results could be employed to develop methods or models capable of measuring such benefits in financial terms.

  • 119.
    Fidai, Muhammad Hassan
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Implementation of DC Supervisory Control: Optimal Power Flow Calculator2014Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 poäng / 30 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    Integration of renewable resources such as remote solar or wind farms and electricpower trading between neighbouring countries lead to new requirements on the development of thetransmission grids. Since AC grid expansion is limited by e.g. legislations issues, High VoltageDirect Current (HVDC) technology with its diverse benets compared to AC is being considered asappropriate alternative solution. The developed HVDC grid can be either embedded inside one ACgrid or connects several AC areas. In both architectures, the separate DC supervisory control can beproposed to control the HVDC grids using the interfacing information from AC Supervisory ControlAnd Data Acquisition (SCADA). The supervisory control is supposed to calculate the optimal power ow (OPF) in order to run the system in the most optimal situation. Based on the architecture, therequired information, boundary of the system and also objective function can vary.

    The aim of the thesis is to present the ndings of a feasibility study to implement a supervisorycontrol for bipolar Voltage Source Converter (VSC) HVDC grids in possible real time platforms. DCsupervisory control has a network topology manager to identify the grid conguration and employsan OPF calculator based on interior point optimization method to determine the set-point valuesfor all HVDC stations in a grid. OPF calculator takes into account the DC voltage, converter andDC line constraints.ii

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 120.
    Fidai, Muhammad Hassan
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Babazadeh, Davood
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES).
    Hanning, Jonathan
    DC Grids Simulation Center, ABB .
    Larsson, Tomas
    DC Grids Simulation Center, ABB .
    Nordström, Lars
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Real-time Implementation of Optimal Power Flow Calculator for HVDC Grids2015Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of the paper is to present the centralized architecture for power balancing management in an HVDC, High Voltage Direct Current, grid connecting different AC areas with high penetration of variable energy resources. Such a centralized high level DC Supervisory Control (DCSC) that functions in slower time scale compared to outer level controller has been evaluated in a real time co-simulation test-bed. The test platform includes OPAL-RT’s eMEGAsim real time simulator to model the power system, the ABB’s industrial HVDC controller (MACH), real time communication simulator OPNET to model the communication network and finally the DCSC application which is implemented on a Linux machine. The DCSC consists of a network topology manager to identify the grid configuration and employs an Optimal Power Flow (OPF) calculator based on interior point optimization method to determine the set-point values for all HVDC stations in a grid. The OPF calculator takes into account the DC voltage, converter and DC line constraints. The performance of the DC supervisory control has been tested for various test cases for a 7-terminal HVDC grid. Test cases include I) Variable power generation from wind farms, II) Station disconnection and III) DC grid islanding. Besides, the proper sampling rate has been chosen and justified to show the benefit of frequent updating of set-point compared to letting the DC droop control scheme take over the mismatch in the system. The results of different test cases show that a DCSC can improve the power extraction from wind farms by updating the set-points following any change in the system. Using a 3.2 GHz machine, it approximately takes 15 ms for the DCSC to converge to a proper solution and send the updated set-points.

  • 121.
    Fidai, Muhammad Hassan
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Babazadeh, Davood
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Muthukrishnan, Arvind
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Nordström, Lars
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Supervisory Control for VSC-HVDC Grid Interconnecting AC Systems2015Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of the paper is to introduce an independentsupervisory architecture for optimal control of power flow inHVDC grids. Such an independent DC supervisory control isable to manage the optimal operation of connecting VSCs incooperation with other AC SCADA systems. Identifying the gridtopology, DC supervisory control employs an optimal power flow(OPF) calculator based on interior point optimization method todetermine the setpoint values for all HVDC stations in a grid.The performance of such an independent supervisory control hasbeen studied through various test case scenarios using a real-timeco-simulation platform.

  • 122.
    Flores, Waldo Rocha
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Sommestad, Teodor
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Johnson, Pontus
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Simonsson, Mårten
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Indicators predicting similarities in maturity between processes: An empirical Analysis with 35 European organizations2009Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Compliance audits and IT process evaluations are time-demanding to conduct and methods to simplify and support such evaluations are valuable. This article proposes a set of indicators that can be used to predict similarities in IT process maturity and thereby be used to optimize resource allocations when conducting process maturity evaluations and compliance audits. The indicators have been identified from the COBIT framework and tested against process maturity data from 35 European organizations. Four out of six proposed indicators were supported in the statistical analysis. These indicators can be used as an instrument in COBIT-based maturity evaluations and compliance audits to make the assessment process more resource-efficient.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 123.
    Fodor, Gabor
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem. KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Reglerteknik.
    Telek, Miklos
    Di Marco, Piergiuseppe
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Reglerteknik.
    On the Impact of Antenna Correlation on the Pilot-Data Balance in Multiple Antenna Systems2014Rapport (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    We consider the uplink of a single cell single input multiple output (SIMO) system, in which the mobile stations use intra-cell orthogonal pilots to facilitate uplink channel estimation. In such systems, the problem of pilot-data transmission power balancing is known to have a large impact on the performance on the achievable uplink data rates. In this paper we derive a closed form expression for the mean square error (MSE) as a function of the pilot and data power levels under a per-user sum pilot-data power constraint. Our major contribution is the derivation of the MSE formula for Gaussian channels under arbitrary channel covariance matrices. For example, our model readily allows to study the MSE as a function of the number of antennas and antenna correlation structures, including the popular spatial channel model (SCM). Numerical results suggest that the impact of antenna spacing on the MSE is limited, but the angle of arrival (AoA) and angular spread have a more articulated impact on the MSE performance. We also find that as the number of antennas at the base station grows large, a higher percentage of the power budget should be allocated to pilot signals than with a low number of antennas.

     

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 124.
    Forssman, Jenny
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Framtagning av en handbok i förbättringsarbete till "företaget"2013Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 poäng / 30 hpOppgave
    Abstract [sv]

    Syftet med projektet var att ta fram en handbok till företaget SB. Handboken har tagits fram genom att studera och utgå från vad som ingår i Yellow Belt utbildningar som finns tillgängliga på marknaden. Hur de olika verktygen hanteras och mottas på företaget har undersökts genom iterativa tester på medarbetare. En semistrukturerad intervju avslutade datainsamlingen och resulterade i vad som kom att få namnet ” Den lilla verktygslådan”. Det som den Lilla verktygslådan kom att innehålla var endast en bråkdel av vad den ursprungliga handboken hade för innehåll. Detta på grund av att den första utgåvan av handboken fick hård kritik angående att den var för akademisk och ”manualig”.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 125.
    Franke, Ulrik
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Analysis of enterprise IT service availability: Enterprise architecture modeling for assessment, prediction, and decision-making2012Doktoravhandling, med artikler (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    Information technology has become increasingly important to individuals and organizations alike. Not only does IT allow us to do what we always did faster and more effectively, but it also allows us to do new things, organize ourselves differently, and work in ways previously unimaginable. However, these advantages come at a cost: as we become increasingly dependent upon IT services, we also demand that they are continuously and uninterruptedly available for use. Despite advances in reliability engineering, the complexity of today's increasingly integrated systems offers a non-trivial challenge in this respect. How can high availability of enterprise IT services be maintained in the face of constant additions and upgrades, decade-long life-cycles, dependencies upon third-parties and the ever-present business-imposed requirement of flexible and agile IT services?

    The contribution of this thesis includes (i) an enterprise architecture framework that offers a unique and action-guiding way to analyze service availability, (ii) identification of causal factors that affect the availability of enterprise IT services, (iii) a study of the use of fault trees for enterprise architecture availability analysis, and (iv) principles for how to think about availability management.

    This thesis is a composite thesis of five papers. Paper 1 offers a framework for thinking about enterprise IT service availability management, highlighting the importance of variance of outage costs. Paper 2 shows how enterprise architecture (EA) frameworks for dependency analysis can be extended with Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) and Bayesian networks (BN) techniques. FTA and BN are proven formal methods for reliability and availability modeling. Paper 3 describes a Bayesian prediction model for systems availability, based on expert elicitation from 50 experts. Paper 4 combines FTA and constructs from the ArchiMate EA language into a method for availability analysis on the enterprise level. The method is validated by five case studies, where annual downtime estimates were always within eight hours from the actual values. Paper 5 extends the Bayesian prediction model from paper 3 and the modeling method from paper 4 into a full-blown enterprise architecture framework, expressed in a probabilistic version of the Object Constraint Language. The resulting modeling framework is tested in nine case studies of enterprise information systems.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
    Download (pdf)
    spikblad
  • 126.
    Franke, Ulrik
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Optimal IT service availability: Shorter outages, or fewer?2012Inngår i: IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management, ISSN 1932-4537, E-ISSN 1932-4537, Vol. 9, nr 1, s. 22-33Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    High enterprise IT service availability is a key success factor throughout many industries. While understanding of the economic importance of availability management is becoming more widespread, the implications for management of Service Level Agreements (SLAs) and thinking about availability risk management are just beginning to unfold. This paper offers a framework within which to think about availability management, highlighting the importance of variance of outage costs. The importance of variance is demonstrated using simulations on existing data sets of revenue data. An important implication is that when outage costs are proportional to outage duration, more but shorter outages should be preferred to fewer but longer, in order to minimize variance. Furthermore, two archetypal cases where the cost of an outage depends non-linearly on its duration are considered. An optimal outage length is derived, and some guidance is also given for its application when the variance of hourly downtime costs is considered. The paper is concluded with a discussion about the feasibility of the method, its practitioner relevance and its implications for SLA management.

  • 127.
    Franke, Ulrik
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Ekstedt, Mathias
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Lagerström, Robert
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Saat, Jan
    Winter, Robert
    Trends in Enterprise Architecture Practice: A Survey2010Inngår i: Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing / [ed] Proper E; Lankhorst MM; Schonherr M; Barjis J; Overbeek S, 2010, Vol. 70, s. 16-29Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    In recent years, Enterprise Architecture (EA) has become a discipline for business and IT-system management. While much research focuses on theoretical contributions related to EA, very few studies use statistical tools to analyze empirical data. This paper investigates the actual application of EA, by giving a broad overview of the usage of enterprise architecture in Swedish, German, Austrian and Swiss companies. 162 EA professionals answered a survey originally focusing on the relation between IT/business alignment (ITBA) and EA. The dataset provides answers to questions such as: For how many years have companies been using EA models, tools, processes and roles? How is ITBA in relation to EA perceived at companies? In particular, the survey has investigated quality attributes of EA, related to IT-systems, business and IT governance. One important result is some interesting correlations between how these qualities are prioritized. For example, a high concern for interoperability correlates with a high concern for maintainability.

  • 128.
    Franke, Ulrik
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Flores Rocha, Waldo
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Johnson, Pontus
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Enterprise Architecture Dependency Analysis using Fault Trees and Bayesian Networks2009Inngår i: Proc. 42nd Annual Simulation Symposium, 2009, s. 209-216Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Analysis of dependencies between technical systems and business processes is an important part of the discipline of Enterprise Architecture (EA). However, EA models typically provide only visual and qualitative decision support. This paper shows how EA frameworks for dependency analysis can be extended into the realm of quantitative methods by use of the Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) and Bayesian networks (BN) techniques. Using DoDAF ? the Department of Defense Architecture Framework ? as an example, we provide a method for how these EA models can be adapted for use of FTA and BN. Furthermore, we use this method to perform dependency analysis and scenario evaluation on a sample DoDAF model.

  • 129.
    Franke, Ulrik
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Flores, Waldo Rocha
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Johnson, Pontus
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Enterprise architecture dependency analysis using fault trees and Bayesian networks2009Inngår i: Spring Simulation Multiconference 2009 - Co-located with the 2009 SISO Spring Simulation Interoperability Workshop, Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), 2009, artikkel-id 55Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Analysis of dependencies between technical systems and business processes is an important part of the discipline of Enterprise Architecture (EA). However, EA models typically provide only visual and qualitative decision support. This paper shows how EA frameworks for dependency analysis can be extended into the realm of quantitative methods by use of the Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) and Bayesian networks (BN) techniques. Using DoDAF - the Department of Defense Architecture Framework - as an example, we provide a method for how these EA models can be adapted for use of FTA and BN. Furthermore, we use this method to perform dependency analysis and scenario evaluation on a sample DoDAF model.

  • 130. Franke, Ulrik
    et al.
    Holm, Hannes
    König, Johan
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    The Distribution of Time to Recovery of Enterprise IT Services2014Inngår i: IEEE Transactions on Reliability, ISSN 0018-9529, E-ISSN 1558-1721, Vol. 63, nr 4, s. 858-867Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The context of this article is the availability of enterprise IT services, a key concern for many enterprises. While there is a plethora of literature concerned with service availability, there is no previous systematic empirical study on IT service time to recovery following outages. The existing literature typically assumes a distribution, or builds on analogies to related areas such as software engineering. Therefore, our objective is to find the statistical distribution of IT service time to recovery. Method-wise, this investigation is based on logs of more than 1 800 incidents in a large Nordic bank, corresponding to more than 11 000 hours of recorded downtime. Five possible distributions of time to recovery from the literature were investigated using the Akaike Information Criterion to find the distribution offering the best fit. The results show that the log-normal distribution outperformed the others for all tested service channels (collections of IT services). It is concluded that the log-normal distribution offers the best fit of IT service time to recovery. Using this distribution in simulation and decision-support tools offers the prospect of better predictions of downtime and downtime costs to the practitioner community.

  • 131.
    Franke, Ulrik
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Holschke, O.
    Buschle, Markus
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Närman, Per
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Rake-Revelant, J.
    IT consolidation - An optimization approach2010Inngår i: 2010 14th IEEE International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference Workshops (EDOCW), IEEE , 2010, s. 21-26Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Consolidation of IT resources is a frequently cited task for IT decision makers, aiming to remove redundancy and thereby to cut costs. However, while economically motivated, the methods described in the literature rarely address costs directly. Instead, the focus often remains on purely IT-related considerations. In this paper, IT consolidation is addressed from an operations research perspective, applying a binary integer programming model to find optimal solutions to consolidation problems. Since accurate cost estimates are vital to successful consolidation, and play an important role in the presented binary integer program, the paper also addresses the costs involved in consolidation, with a particular focus on the costs of modifying business processes. Applying the mathematical method, with accurate cost estimates, enables decision makers to make optimal decisions in a transparent and rigorous way. The use of the proposed method is demonstrated with an example based on a real consolidation problem from a large European power supplier.

  • 132.
    Franke, Ulrik
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Höök, David
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    König, Johan
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Lagerström, Robert
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Närman, Per
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Ullberg, Johan
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Gustafsson, Pia
    Ekstedt, Mathias
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    EAF(2) - A Framework for Categorizing Enterprise Architecture Frameworks2009Inngår i: SNPD 2009: 10TH ACIS INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCES, NETWORKING AND PARALLEL DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING, PROCEEDINGS, LOS ALAMITOS: IEEE COMPUTER SOC , 2009, s. 327-332Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    What constitutes an enterprise architecture framework is a contested subject. The contents of present enterprise architecture frameworks thus differ substantially. This paper aims to alleviate the confusion regarding which framework contains what by proposing a meta framework for enterprise architecture frameworks. By using this meta framework, decision makers are able to express their requirements on what their enterprise architecture framework must contain and also to evaluate whether the existing frameworks meets these requirements. An example classification of common EA frameworks illustrates the approach.

  • 133.
    Franke, Ulrik
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Johnson, Pontus
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    An Enterprise Architecture Framework for Application Consolidation in the Swedish Armed Forces2009Inngår i: 2009 13TH ENTERPRISE DISTRIBUTED OBJECT COMPUTING CONFERENCE WORKSHOPS (EDOCW 2009) / [ed] Tosic, V., NEW YORK: IEEE , 2009, s. 264-273Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper, application consolidation using Enterprise Architecture methods is considered, with an ongoing project in the Swedish Armed Forces as the point of departure. The decision-making features of application consolidation are first analyzed and formalized from the perspective of decision theory. Applying these insights, a more practical framework is then proposed, based primarily on the ISO/IEC 9126 standard, the Ministry of Defence Architecture Framework (MODAF), and the formalism of Probabilistic Relational Models (PRM). This framework supports cost-benefit analysis of application consolidation decision-making, thus helping to make these decisions more structured and transparent.

  • 134.
    Franke, Ulrik
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Johnson, Pontus
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Ericsson, Evelina
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Rocha Flores, Waldo
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Zhu, Kun
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Enterprise Architecture analysis using Fault Trees and MODAF2009Inngår i: Proceedings of the Forum at the CAiSE 2009 Conference, 2009, Vol. 453, s. 61-66Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Analysis of dependencies between information systems, business processes, and strategic goals is an important part of the discipline of Enterprise Architecture (EA). However, EA models typically provide only visual and qualitative decision support. This paper shows how EA frameworks for dependency analysis can be extended into the realm of quantitative methods by the use of techniques from Fault Tree Analysis (FTA). Using MODAF, the UK Ministry of Defence Architecture Framework as an example, we give a list of criteria for the extraction of a metamodel for FTA use, and provide such a metamodel for MODAF. Furthermore, we use this MODAF FTA metamodel to perform dependency analysis on a sample MODAF model.

  • 135.
    Franke, Ulrik
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Johnson, Pontus
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    König, Johan
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    An architecture framework for enterprise IT service availability analysis2014Inngår i: Software and Systems Modeling, ISSN 1619-1366, E-ISSN 1619-1374, Vol. 13, nr 4, s. 1417-1445Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper presents an integrated enterprise architecture framework for qualitative and quantitative modeling and assessment of enterprise IT service availability. While most previous work has either focused on formal availability methods such as fault trees or qualitative methods such as maturity models, this framework offers a combination. First, a modeling and assessment framework is described. In addition to metamodel classes, relationships and attributes suitable for availability modeling, the framework also features a formal computational model written in a probabilistic version of the object constraint language. The model is based on 14 systemic factors impacting service availability and also accounts for the structural features of the service architecture. Second, the framework is empirically tested in nine enterprise information system case studies. Based on an initial availability baseline and the annual evolution of the 14 factors of the model, annual availability predictions are made and compared with the actual outcomes as reported in SLA reports and system logs. The practical usefulness of the method is discussed based on the outcomes of a workshop conducted with the participating enterprises, and some directions for future research are offered.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 136.
    Franke, Ulrik
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Johnson, Pontus
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    König, Johan
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Marcks von Würtemberg, Liv
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Availability of enterprise IT systems: an expert-based Bayesian framework2012Inngår i: Software quality journal, ISSN 0963-9314, E-ISSN 1573-1367, Vol. 20, nr 2, s. 369-394Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Ensuring the availability of enterprise IT systems is a challenging task. The factors that can bring systems down are numerous, and their impact on various system architectures is difficult to predict. At the same time, maintaining high availability is crucial in many applications, ranging from control systems in the electric power grid, over electronic trading systems on the stock market to specialized command and control systems for military and civilian purposes. This paper describes a Bayesian decision support model, designed to help enterprise IT systems decision makers evaluate the consequences of their decisions by analyzing various scenarios. The model is based on expert elicitation from 50 experts on IT systems availability, obtained through an electronic survey. The Bayesian model uses a leaky Noisy-OR method to weigh together the expert opinions on 16 factors affecting systems availability. Using this model, the effect of changes to a system can be estimated beforehand, providing decision support for improvement of enterprise IT systems availability. The Bayesian model thus obtained is then integrated within a standard, reliability block diagram-style, mathematical model for assessing availability on the architecture level. In this model, the IT systems play the role of building blocks. The overall assessment framework thus addresses measures to ensure high availability both on the level of individual systems and on the level of the entire enterprise architecture. Examples are presented to illustrate how the framework can be used by practitioners aiming to ensure high availability.

  • 137.
    Franke, Ulrik
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Johnson, Pontus
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    König, Johan
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Marcks von Würtemberg, Liv
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Availability of enterprise IT systems: an expert-based Bayesian model2010Inngår i: Proc. Fourth International Workshop on Software Quality and Maintainability, 2010Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Ensuring the availability of enterprise IT systems is a challenging task. The factors that can bring systems down are numerous, and their impact on various system architectures is difficult to predict. At the same time, maintaining high availability is crucial in many applications, ranging from control systems in the electric power grid, over electronic trading systems on the stock market to specialized command and control systems for military and civilian purposes. The present paper desccribes a Bayesian decision support model, designed to help enterprise IT systems decision makers evaluate the consequences of their decisions by analyzing various scenarios. The model is based on expert elicitation from 50 academic experts on IT systems availability, obtained through an electronic survey. The Bayesian model uses a leaky Noisy-OR method to weigh together the expert opinions on 16 factors affecting systems availability. Using this model, the effect of changes to a system can be estimated beforehand, providing decision support for improvement of enterprise IT systems availability.

  • 138.
    Franke, Ulrik
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Johnson, Pontus
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Lagerström, Robert
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Ullberg, Johan
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Höök, David
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Ekstedt, Mathias
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    König, Johan
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    A formal method for cost and accuracy trade-off analysis in software assessment measures2009Inngår i: RCIS 2009: PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RESEARCH CHALLENGES IN INFORMATION SCIENCE, NEW YORK: IEEE , 2009, s. 295-302Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Creating accurate models of information systems is an important but challenging task. It is generally well understood that such modeling encompasses general scientific issues, but the monetary aspects of the modeling of software systems are not equally well acknowledged. The present paper describes a method using Bayesian networks for optimizing modeling strategies, perceived as a trade-off between these two aspects. Using GeNIe, a graphical tool with the proper Bayesian algorithms implemented, decision support can thus be provided to the modeling process. Specifically, an informed trade-off can be made, based on the modeler's prior knowledge of the predictive power of certain models, combined with his projection of their costs. It is argued that this method might enhance modeling of large and complex software systems in two principal ways: Firstly, by enforcing rigor and making hidden assumptions explicit. Secondly, by enforcing cost awareness even in the early phases of modeling. The method should be used primarily when the choice of modeling can have great economic repercussions.

  • 139.
    Franke, Ulrik
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Johnson, Pontus
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Lagerström, Robert
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Ullberg, Johan
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Höök, David
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Ekstedt, Mathias
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    König, Johan
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    A Method for Choosing Software Assessment Measures using Bayesian Networks and Diagnosis: CSMR 2009, PROCEEDINGS2009Inngår i: 13TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON SOFTWARE MAINTENANCE AND REENGINEERING: CSMR 2009, PROCEEDINGS / [ed] Winter A, Knodel J, LOS ALAMITOS, CA.: IEEE COMPUTER SOC. , 2009, s. 241-245Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Creating accurate models of information systems is an important but challenging task. While the scienti c aspects of such modeling are generally acknowledged, the monetary aspects of the modeling of software systems are not. The present paper describes a Bayesian method for optimizing modeling strategies, perceived as a trade-off between these two aspects. Speci cally, an informed trade-off can be made, based on the modeler's prior knowledge of the predictive power of certain models, combined with her projection of the costs. It is argued that this method enhances modeling of large and complex software systems in two principal ways: Firstly, by enforcing rigor and making hidden assumptions explicit. Secondly, by enforcing cost awareness even in the early phases of modeling. The method should be used primarily when the choice of modeling can have great economic repercussions.

  • 140.
    Franke, Ulrik
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Närman, Pia
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Höök, David
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Lilliesköld, Joakim
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Factors Affecting Successful Project Management of Technology-Intense Projects2010Inngår i: PICMET '10 - Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology, Proceedings - Technology Management for Global Economic Growth, New York: IEEE , 2010, s. 1538-1543Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Today, engineering and other technology intense businesses are increasingly carried out in project form. This allows better use of scarce resources, a simplified decision-making process as well as specific organization forms being tailored to the task at hand. However, despite these advantages, complex industrial projects often fail in the sense that budgets, time-frames and customer requirements are not met. Organizations also spend lots of money on introducing project models and certifying their project managers. Are these actions really efficient, i.e. do they lead to improved management of projects? The aim of this article is to describe the impact of (i) use of project model, (ii) project manager certification, and (iii) size of organization on ( a) employment of risk analysis, (b) existence of project sponsor, ( c) existence of steering committee, and (d) existence of project manager task description, respectively. This paper presents correlations derived from N=59 semi-structured interviews with project managers of technology centered projects from several countries. Two statistically significant relations were found through a correlation analysis: between the use of a project models and the existence of steering committee and between the use of a project model and the existence of a project manager task description.

  • 141.
    Franke, Ulrik
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Sommestad, Teodor
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Ekstedt, Mathias
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Johnson, Pontus
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Defense graphs and Enterprise Architecture for Information Assurance analysis2008Inngår i: Proceedings of the 26th Army Science Conference, 2008Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The JQRR metrics for Information Assurance (IA)and Computer Network Defense (CND) are combinedwith a framework based on defense graphs. This enablesthe use of architectural models for rational decision making,based on the mathematical rigor of extended influencediagrams. A sample abstract model is provided,along with a simple example of its usage to assess accesscontrol vulnerability.

  • 142.
    Franke, Ulrik
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Ullberg, Johan
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Sommestad, Teodor
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Lagerström, Robert
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Johnson, Pontus
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Decision Support oriented Enterprise Architecture Metamodel Management using Classification Trees2009Inngår i: 2009 13TH ENTERPRISE DISTRIBUTED OBJECT COMPUTING CONFERENCE WORKSHOPS (EDOCW 2009) / [ed] Tosic, V., NEW YORK: IEEE , 2009, s. 328-335Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Models are an integral part of the discipline of Enterprise Architecture (EA). To stay relevant to management decision-making needs, the models need to be based upon suitable metamodels. These metamodels, in turn, need to be properly and continuously maintained. While there exists several methods for metamodel development and maintenance, these typically focus on internal metamodel qualities and metamodel engineering processes, rather than on the actual decision-making needs and their impact on the metamodels used. The present paper employs techniques from information theory and learning classification trees to propose a method for metamodel management based upon the value added by entities and attributes to the decision-making process. This allows for the removal of those metamodel parts that give the least "bang for the bucks" in terms of decision support. The method proposed is illustrated using real data from an ongoing research project on systems modifiability

  • 143.
    Frljuckic, Mirza
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Validering av designverktyg för organisationsprestanda2013Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 poäng / 30 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    In today’s constantly changing market place most organizations need to reorganize. Reorganization carries risks that could jeopardize the organization's well-being and profitability. To minimize these risks, companies need a tool to help them analyze how the reorganization will affect the business before they make major changes. Such tool has now been developed by researchers at KTH. The tool needs to be validated on a complex organization to ensure that it works. The validation is based on hypotheses from the theory underpinning the framework of the tool. Three similar complex organizations have been modeled using the framework to see if the results are expected. Of the thirteen hypotheses that were tested, eleven were accepted and two rejected. Thus, this thesis finds that the tool is validated.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 144.
    Frost, Per
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Utvärdering av den upplevda användbarheten hos CySeMoL och EAAT med hjälp av ramverk för ändamålet och ISO/IEC 25010:20112013Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 poäng / 30 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    This report describes a study aimed at uncovering flaws and finding potential improvements from when the modelling tool EAAT is used in conjunction with the modelling language CySeMoL. The study was performed by developing a framework and applying it on CySeMoL and EAAT in real life context networks.

    The framework was developed in order to increase the number of flaws uncovered as well as gather potential improvements to both EAAT and CySeMoL. The basis of the framework is a modified version of the Quality in use model from ISO/IEC 25010:2011 standard. Upon the characteristics and sub characteristics of this modified model different values for measuring usability where attached. The purpose of these values is to measure usability from the perspectives of both creating and interpreting models. Furthermore these values are based on several different sources on how to measure usability. The complete contents of the framework and the underlying ideas, upon which the framework is based, are presented in this report.

    The framework in this study was designed in order to enable it to be used universally with any modelling language in conjunction with a modelling tool. Its design is also not limited to the field of computer security and computer networks, although that is the intended context of CySeMoL as well as the context described in this report. However, utilization outside the intended area of usage will most likely require some modifications, in order to work in a fully satisfying.

    Several flaws where uncovered regarding the usability of CySeMoL and EAAT, but this is also accompanied by several recommendations on how to improve both CySeMoL and EAAT. Because of the outline of the framework, the most severe flaws have been identified and recommendations on how to rectify these shortcomings have been suggested.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 145.
    Gammelgård, Magnus
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Business Value Assessment of IT Investments: An Evaluation Method Applied to the Electric Power2007Doktoravhandling, med artikler (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    s the dependence of IS/IT has grown in modern organizations, IT investments have soared in the last couple of decades. Large amounts of money are spent with the hope that the investments will generate value for the business organizations using the systems. It is hence easy to understand the needs for methods to assess the business value of IT-investments. The investment decision is basically about selecting the best IT-system or the best combination of IT-systems, i.e. the system(s) that provides the most business value in dimensions that are important business-wise. However, a problem with many of the avail-able methods is that they often fail to concretely explain what technical characteristics the IT systems(s) should have to achieve the business value desired. A complicating aspect of IT-investment evaluations is also that the evaluations usually include a high degree of un-certainty.

    In this thesis, an IT investment evaluation method is presented that indicatively assesses the differences in contribution to business value from IT-investment alternatives. The method provides, at a relatively low cost of investigation, indications of not only the technical differences between the IT-investment alternatives in a specific investment situation, but also an assessment of the differences in types and amounts of their business value. The presented method has been applied in a large case study at an electric power company. Furthermore, it also incorporates concepts found within Enterprise architecture (EA), particularly in how the information used in the evaluation is collected.

    The presented thesis is a composite thesis that, besides an introduction, includes five papers (paper A-E). Paper A presents an outline of the method as well as its application in the case study. It also presents the theoretical fundaments for the criteria used for the technical evaluation and the business value assessment including the method’s applications in relation to Enterprise architecture. The following two papers primarily present necessary steps in the development of the method. First, paper B presents the process to develop a functional reference model (used for the functional assessments in the method), including its application in the case study. Second, a breakdown of the term business value into a set of IS/IT-affected value dimension is presented in paper C. The last two papers present the final steps, i.e. the technical evaluation of the investment alternatives (paper D) and the final business value assessment (paper E). The papers include the methods to perform these analyses as well as the application of the method in the case study and the results of the case study.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 146.
    Gammelgård, Magnus
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Experiences from introducing a new electricity distribution regulation policy2005Inngår i: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference and Exhibition of Electricity Distribution, Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2005, nr 2005-11034, s. 213-217Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Introducing a new electricity distribution regulation policy is in many aspects a complex issue. This paper presents experiences from a recent case, the Swedish regulation. An overview of the regulation is presented along with a brief discussion on the regulation in an international perspective. Furthermore, experiences from the introduction this far are discussed along with areas where there are remaining issues to further address.

  • 147.
    Gammelgård, Magnus
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Ekstedt, M
    Gustafsson, P
    A Categorization of Benefits From IS/IT Investments2006Inngår i: Proceedings of the 13th European Conference on Information Technology Evaluation, 2006Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 148.
    Gammelgård, Magnus
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Ekstedt, Mathias
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Närman, Per
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    A method for assessing the business value of information system scenarios with an estimated credibility of the result2010Inngår i: International Journal of Services Technology and Management, ISSN 1460-6720, E-ISSN 1741-525X, Vol. 13, nr 1-2, s. 105-133Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper presents a method for assessing the business value of information system scenarios. The purpose of the method is to provide information system decision makers with high quality information about potential future scenarios at a relative low cost of investigation. The method features three frameworks; one for functional assessments of information system scenarios, one for non-functional assessments of information system scenarios and finally a general business value taxonomy. The former two serve as an input structure to the latter one. The business various concepts in the business value taxonomy were prioritised by business managers to reflect the organisation's business needs. A problem with estimating the business value of an information system scenario is that it is a very complex undertaking; there are a vast number of aspects that need to be assessed in order to get a correct result. To be cost efficient all of these aspects cannot be addressed so the results of the method will inevitably contain a degree of uncertainty. The method thus also provides an estimate of the uncertainty of its results. The method has been tested in a comprehensive case study at a large European power company.

  • 149.
    Gammelgård, Magnus
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Ekstedt, Mathias
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Närman, Per
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Architecture scenario analysis - Estimating the credibility of the results2007Inngår i: 17th Annual International Symposium of the International Council on Systems Engineering, INCOSE 2007 - Systems Engineering: Key to Intelligent Enterprises, The International Council on Systems Engineering (INCOSE), 2007, s. 750-764Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Good decision support requires good information. A key aspect of good information is that it is credible. Presently, architecture frameworks and methods within systems engineering often lacks support for mediating the credibility of the analyses made. This paper presents a method for enterprise architecture analyses that employs an evidential reasoning algorithm for multi-attribute decision analysis. By doing this, the quality of the analyses as decision support is demonstrated. The method includes an assessment framework, based on established theories, for evaluating architecture scenarios functional and non-functional qualities. The paper also presents a full scale case study where method has been employed at a large European power company.

  • 150.
    Gammelgård, Magnus
    et al.
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Närman, Per
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Ekstedt, Mathias
    KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), Industriella informations- och styrsystem.
    Evaluation of business value of IT-system scenarios: a case study at a large north European power company2007Inngår i: PICMET '07: PORTLAND INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR MANAGEMENT OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, 2007Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper presents a method, the KTH1 IT Investment Evaluation Method, to assess the business value of IT-investments. The method aims at a priori and at a relative low cost of investigation assesses the business value of IT-systems scenarios, i.e. alternative combinations of IT-systems intended to support a particular business area. First, the scenarios are evaluated with respect to their technical quality. Second, the technical attributes used for this technical evaluation are related to business value dimensions, i.e. it is determined in what ways certain functions and non-functional attributes generate business value. Third, the business value dimensions are prioritized by the business managers. Finally, the business value of each scenario is established by combining the technical assessments with the relations to the business value dimension found in the second step and the prioritizations done by business managers. All parts of the method have been verified in comprehensive case study at a large European power company and the results are presented in the paper.

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