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  • 151.
    Eriksson, Elina
    et al.
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Pargman, Daniel
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    On the inherent contradictions of teaching sustainability at a technical university2017In: Digital Technology and Sustainability: Engaging the Paradox, Taylor and Francis , 2017, p. 154-165Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    On the necessity of rocking the boat Computers and digitalization have greatly shaped our world and are now an unavoidable part of modern society. Weiser’s (1991) vision of ubiquitous computing has in many respects not only been met but has in affluent parts of the world been surpassed (Bell & Dourish, 2007). Digital artifacts and devices surround us and have invisibly and seamlessly permeated everything we do. Our modern societies are however not sustainable. We have overstepped several planetary boundaries and risk overstepping several more (Steffen et al., 2015). We are about to reach limits as to the resources we can extract from the earth (Bardi, 2014), and the changes wreaked are by now so profound that they will likely last for a geological period of time (Steffen et al., 2007). In light of this, it is of utmost importance to strive towards a sustainable society, and this is a responsibility that falls on many disciplines and sectors. We believe that engineering students could be key drivers in this change since many will eventually enter positions of power from which they will make decisions that will shape our future society. 

  • 152.
    Eriksson, Elina
    et al.
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Pargman, Daniel
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Robèrt, Markus
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Strategic Sustainability Studies.
    Laaksolahti, Jarmo
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    On the Necessity of Flying and of not Flying:: Exploring how Computer Scientists Reason about Academic Travel2020In: ICT4S2020: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on ICT for Sustainability / [ed] Ana Moreira, Benoit Combemale, Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), 2020, p. 18-26Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In order to fulfill the Paris agreement, we need to drastically reduce carbon emissions globally. 2020 is a pivotal year in this endeavour as many projections indicate that emissions need to decrease significantly before 2030. This challenge pertains to all parts of society, including (computer science) researchers. This however clashes with the fact that flying to a large extent has become built-in to the everyday practices of research and of academic life. It is feasible to imagine that computer scientists could fly less than other academics since we ought to be innovators and early adopters of computer-mediated alternatives such as video-conferencing and other forms of digital meeting technologies. It is however also possible that we fly more because conferences might be a more dominant outlet for publications in our field in comparison to other research fields. At KTH Royal Institute of Technology, the researchers at the School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS) fly the most. In this paper, we present initial qualitative results from a survey regarding travel that was answered by computer scientists at EECS. We are in particular analysing the free text answers in order to understand how computer scientists1 reason about their own flying and about the alternatives. It will be hard to fulfil the Paris agreement without decreasing flying significantly, but this requires us to rethink how we do research, and how we travel (or not) within academia. This paper contributes with knowledge about the perceived barriers and drivers for computer scientists to decrease their flying.

  • 153.
    Eriksson, Elina
    et al.
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Penzenstadler, Birgit
    Chalmers|Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden; Lappeenranta University of Technology, Lappeenranta, Finland.
    Peters, Anne-Kathrin
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Learning, Learning in Stem.
    Venters, Colin C.
    Centre for Sustainable Software Engineering, Huddersfield, UK; CERN, Switzerland.
    Preface of the 5th International Workshop on ICT4S Education2023In: ICT4S-JP 2023 - Joint Proceedings of ICT4S 2023 Doctoral Symposium, Demonstrations and Posters Track and Workshops, co-located with 9th International Conference on Information and Communications Technology for Sustainability, ICT4S 2023, CEUR-WS , 2023, p. 103-104Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    ICT4S as an umbrella concept encompasses several disciplines and areas related to sustainability and ICT, and it can be difficult for an educator to have an overview of all areas and research fronts where interesting, engaging and transformative research is taking place. We provide such a space.

  • 154.
    Eriksson, Elina
    et al.
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Peters, Anne-Kathrin
    KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Learning, Learning in Stem.
    Pargman, Daniel
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Hedin, Björn
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Laurell Thorslund, Minna
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Sjöö, Sandra
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Addressing Students’ Eco-anxiety when Teaching Sustainability in Higher Education2022In: Proceedings - 2022 International Conference on ICT for Sustainability, ICT4S 2022, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) , 2022, p. 88-98Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The widespread awareness and the sense of urgency and helplessness regarding the ongoing sustainability crisis (climate change, biodiversity loss etc.) can evoke feelings of grief, sorrow, despair and anxiety. Those emotions are seldom discussed in computing or in computing education. They can have detrimental effects on the well-being of students and others, and also lead to inaction. But concern can on the other hand also be a catalyst for learning. In this paper, we present results and reflections from a research and development project in our introductory course to sustainability and ICT focusing on emotions in sustainability education. We focus on “eco-anxiety” and ask: 1) How is eco-anxiety communicated by students and teachers?, 2) In what ways do students receive support to deal with eco-anxiety? and 3) What could be done to better address eco-anxiety in computing education? We here present an analysis of how we have responded to the phenomenon of eco-anxiety, what activities have been added to the course and an evaluation of these interventions. The results are based on joint reflections that have been guided by literature, a small-scale ethnographic study as well as a course evaluation. The paper will end with recommendations for other ICT4S educators on how they can start addressing eco-anxiety in their education.

  • 155.
    Eriksson, Elina
    et al.
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Wolrath Söderberg, Maria
    Södertörn.
    Wormbs, Nina
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Philosophy and History, History of Science, Technology and Environment.
    Exceptionalism and Evasion: How Scholars Reason About Air Travel2022In: Academic Flying and the Means of Communication / [ed] Kristian Bjørkdahl & Adrian Santiago Franco Duharte, Palgrave Macmillan, 2022, p. 159-183Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Understanding how scholars reason about their own flying habits is important when dealing with the problems of large emissions from academic air travel. This study is based on a travel habits survey with scholars at KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm. KTH has relatively high emissions from air travel, but at the same time, it has a high profile in matters of sustainability and a lot of research related to this theme. One can therefore assume a high degree of knowledge about the climate crisis and the climate impact of various actions. It is also plausible that KTH scholars meet special expectations to be role models and that practices in conflict with their teaching can have consequences for the public confidence in the university. In this study, we look at how scholars reason about how emissions from their flying could be reduced. Their responses display a spectrum of varying attitudes, from climate scepticism to a commitment to radical transformation, with the majority in between, either suggesting different types of concrete changes or invoking arguments to justify the status quo. The proposed interventions, several of which are ingenious and wise, can guide university managements to strategies that have support from employees. The more reluctant arguments point to cultural and discursive habits that must be understood and met in an empathetic way. 

  • 156. Eriksson, Sara
    et al.
    Höök, Kristina
    KTH.
    Shusterman, Richard
    Svanaes, Daf
    Unander-Scharin, Carl
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Unander-Scharin, Åsa
    Ethics in Movement - Shaping and Being Shaped in Human-Drone Interaction2020In: CHI '20: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing System, 2020Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    How is ethics shaped by the particularities of a design? Through a detailed video analysis, we explore how ethicality is shaped in interaction between a choreographer, a performer and a choir of five drones, performing together on the opera stage. We pinpoint how movements enabled by the humandrone assemblage may limit or liberate artistic expressions vis-à-vis the norms of operatic performance. From a somaesthetics perspective on ethics, we show how the process of crafting rich experiences together with drones can deepen sensory appreciation skills, leading to an increased understanding of underlying somatic drivers and imposed norms. Somatic awareness thereby enables a richer repertoire of movements, expanding the ability to freely choose how to act, and cultivating empathy towards others. This shifts our understanding of ethics in HCI as solely about abstract rules or policies ‘out there’ to also concern the specifics of how technology informs or dictates movement and experience. 

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    fulltext
  • 157.
    Eriksson, Sara
    et al.
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Unander-Scharin, Åsa
    Luleå University of Technology.
    Trichon, Vincent
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Unander-Scharin, Carl
    Karlstad University.
    Kjellström, Hedvig
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Intelligent systems, Robotics, Perception and Learning, RPL.
    Höök, Kristina
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Dancing with Drones: Crafting Novel Artistic Expressions through Intercorporeality2019In: Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, New York, NY USA: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) , 2019, p. 617:1-617:12Conference paper (Refereed)
    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 158.
    Espana, Sergio
    et al.
    Univ Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.;Univ Politecn Valencia, Valencia, Spain..
    Hulst, Willem
    Univ Utrecht, Informat & Comp Sci, Utrecht, Netherlands..
    Jansen, Nivard
    Univ Utrecht, Informat & Comp Sci, Utrecht, Netherlands..
    Pargman, Daniel
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Untangling the relationship between degrowth and ICT2023In: 2023 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ICT FOR SUSTAINABILITY, ICT4S, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) , 2023, p. 1-12Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    [Background] While degrowth is a socio-economic paradigm still known to relatively few, the latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reports emphasise its importance in investigating and realising pathways to sustainability. There is increasing evidence that information and communication technology (ICT) plays an important role in sustainability pathways. But research about the relationship between degrowth and ICT is yet scarce. [Aims] We aim at exploring the relationship between degrowth and ICT to identify emerging themes and research implications. [Method] We conduct an exploratory literature review to gather background knowledge and complement it with focus groups, expert interviews, and Reddit discussions to elicit knowledge, reflections, informed opinions and attitudes towards degrowth. [Results] Several themes that require careful consideration emerge in our study, such as the effect of terminology, the reliance on high-tech solutions, and trade-offs that come with decreasing the use of ICT. [Contribution] We also define the concepts degrowth of ICT and degrowth by ICT, and discuss how degrowth and ICT relate to each other. We hope our work enables further research into the role of ICT in degrowth scenarios supporting a shift to strong sustainability.

  • 159.
    Falk, Thomas
    et al.
    Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
    Petri, Carl Johan
    Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
    Roy, Jan
    Parks and Resorts Scandinavia AB, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Walldius, Åke
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Illustrating an Organisation’s Strategy as a Map2020In: Strategic Management Control, Springer Nature , 2020, Vol. Part F431, p. 9-30Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Business strategies need to be communicated and internalized by employees to make a difference. In this chapter we explore how balanced scorecards and strategy maps can facilitate such communication and dialogue among employees. We build on references from the field of strategic management control and a well-grounded overview of the concept of storytelling from the field of cinema studies. In addition to this, we offer an in-depth case description of how the Swedish €100+ million amusement park group, Parks and Resorts Scandinavia, has deigned their strategy map visually, to engage their employees in talking about the strategy and measuring its execution. Our recommendation is that designers of scorecards and strategy maps should take the learnings from motion-picture storytellers into account and apply these experiences in their effort to make the strategy everyone’s job. We especially highlight the two concepts (1) simple design that creates intense content, and (2) “suspension of disbelief”, i.e. how the designer of the strategy map can strike a deal with the viewers (the employees in the organisation) such that they interpret and trust the content in the strategy map.

  • 160.
    Falkenberg, Kjetil
    et al.
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Bresin, Roberto
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Holzapfel, Andre
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Pauletto, Sandra
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Musikkommunikation och ljudinteraktion2021In: Introduktion till medieteknik / [ed] Pernilla Falkenberg Josefsson, Mikael Wiberg, Lund: Studentlitteratur AB, 2021, p. 155-166Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 161.
    Falkenberg, Kjetil
    et al.
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Lindetorp, Hans
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Latupeirissa, Adrian Benigno
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Frid, Emma
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS).
    Creating digital musical instruments with and for children: Including vocal sketching as a method for engaging in codesign2020In: Human Technology, E-ISSN 1795-6889, Vol. 16, no 3, p. 348-371Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A class of master of science students and a group of preschool children codesigned new digital musical instruments based on workshop interviews involving vocal sketching, a method for imitating and portraying sounds. The aim of the study was to explore how the students and children would approach vocal sketching as one of several design methods. The children described musical instruments to the students using vocal sketching and other modalities (verbal, drawing, gestures). The resulting instruments built by the students were showcased at the Swedish Museum of Performing Arts in Stockholm. Although all the children tried vocal sketching during preparatory tasks, few employed the method during the workshop. However, the instruments seemed to meet the children’s expectations. Consequently, even though the vocal sketching method alone provided few design directives in the given context, we suggest that vocal sketching, under favorable circumstances, can be an engaging component that complements other modalities in codesign involving children.

  • 162.
    Falkenberg, Kjetil
    et al.
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Ljungdahl Eriksson, Martin
    Frid, Emma
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Otterbring, Tobias
    Daunfeldt, Sven-Olov
    Auditory notification of customer actions in a virtual retail environment: Sound design, awareness and attention2021In: Proceedings of International Conference on Auditory Displays ICAD 2021, 2021Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 163.
    Falkenberg, Kjetil
    et al.
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Oestreicher, Lars
    Educating for inclusion: Teaching Design for all in the wild as a motivator2023In: Proceedings of the Nordic Network for Disability Research, 2023Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 164. Fan, Liangdong
    et al.
    Zhu, Bin
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Su, Pei-Chen
    He, Chuanxin
    Nanomaterials and technologies for low temperature solid oxide fuel cells: Recent advances, challenges and opportunities2018In: Nano Energy, ISSN 2211-2855, E-ISSN 2211-3282, Vol. 45, p. 148-176Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) show considerable promise for meeting the current ever-increasing energy demand and environmental sustainability requirements because of their high efficiency, low environmental impact, and distinct fuel diversity. In the past few decades, extensive R&D efforts have been focused on lowering operational temperatures in order to decrease the system (stack and balance-of-plant) cost and improve the longevity of operationally useful devices of commercial relevance. Nanomaterials and related nanotechnologies have the potential to improve SOFC performance because of their advantageous functionalities, namely, their enlarged surface area and unique surface and interface properties compared to their microscale analogs. Recently, the use of nanomaterials has increased rapidly, as reflected by the exponential growth in the number of publications since 2002. In this work, we present a comprehensive summary of nanoparticles, nano-thin films and nanocomposites with different crystal phases, morphologies, microstructures, electronic properties, and electrochemical performances for low temperature SOFCs (LT-SOFCs), with focus on efforts to enhance electrical efficiency, to induce novel fundamental properties that are inaccessible in microcrystalline materials, and to promote the commercialization of LT-SOFCs. Recent progress in the applications of many classically or newly chemical and physical nanomaterials and nanofabrication techniques, such as thin film vacuum deposition, impregnation, electrospinning, spark plasma sintering, hard-and soft-template methods, and in-situ nanoparticle surface exsolution are also thoroughly described. The technological and scientific advantages and limitations related to the use of nanomaterials and nanotechnologies are highlighted, along with our expectations for future research within this emerging field.

  • 165.
    Favero, Federico
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture, Lighting Design.
    Lowden, Arne
    Stress Research Institute at the Department of Psychology, Stockholm University.
    Bresin, Roberto
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Ejhed, Jan
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Study of the Effects of Daylighting and Artificial Lighting at 59° Latitude on Mental States, Behaviour and Perception2023In: Sustainability, E-ISSN 2071-1050, Vol. 15, no 2, p. 1-21Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Although there is a documented preference for daylighting over artificial electric lighting indoors, there are comparatively few investigations of behaviour and perception in indoor day-lit spaces at high latitudes during winter. We report a pilot study designed to examine the effects of static artificial lighting conditions (ALC) and dynamic daylighting conditions (DLC) on the behaviour and perception of two groups of participants. Each group (n = 9 for ALC and n = 8 for DLC) experienced one of the two conditions for three consecutive days, from sunrise to sunset. The main results of this study show the following: indoor light exposure in February in Stockholm can be maintained over 1000 lx only with daylight for most of the working day, a value similar to outdoor workers' exposure in Scandinavia; these values can be over the recommended Melanopic Equivalent Daylight Illuminance threshold; and this exposure reduces sleepiness and increases amount of activity compared to a static artificial lighting condition. Mood and feeling of time passing are also affected, but we do not exactly know by which variable, either personal or group dynamics, view or variation of the lighting exposure. The small sample size does not support inferential statistics; however, these significant effects might be large enough to be of importance in practice. From a sustainability point of view, daylighting can benefit energy saving strategies and well-being, even in the Scandinavian winter.

  • 166.
    Feldfeber, Ivana
    et al.
    DataGénero.
    Quiroga, Yasmín Belén
    DataGénero.
    Guevara, Clarissa
    TEC de Monterrey.
    Ciolfi Felice, Marianela
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Feminismos en Inteligencia Artificial: Herramientas de automatización hacia una reforma judicial feminista en Argentina y México2022In: Inteligencia Artificial Feminista: Hacia una agenda de investigación en América Latina y el Caribe, Editorial Tecnológica de Costa Rica , 2022Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 167.
    Feldfeber, Ivana
    et al.
    DataGénero.
    Quiroga, Yasmín Belén
    DataGénero.
    Guevara, Clarissa
    TEC de Monterrey.
    Ciolfi Felice, Marianela
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Feminisms in Artificial Intelligence: Automation Tools towards a Feminist Judiciary Reform in Argentina and Mexico2022Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The lack of transparency in the judicial treatment of gender-based violence (GBV) against women and LGBTIQ+ people in Latin America results in low report levels, mistrust in the justice system, and thus, reduced access to justice. To address this pressing issue before GBV cases become feminicides, we propose to open the data from legal rulings as a step towards a feminist judiciary reform. We identify the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) models to generate and maintain anonymised datasets for understanding GBV, supporting policy making, and further fueling feminist collectives' campaigns. In this paper, we describe our plan to create AymurAI, a semi-automated prototype that will collaborate with criminal court officials in Argentina and Mexico. From an intersectional feminist, anti-solutionist stance, this project seeks to set a precedent for the feminist design, implementation, and deployment of AI technologies from the Global South. 

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    FeminismsInAI
  • 168.
    Fernaeus, Ylva
    et al.
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Girouard, A.
    Jordà, S.
    Introduction2012In: 6th International Conference on Tangible, Embedded and Embodied Interaction, TEI 2012, Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) , 2012, p. 13-14Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 169.
    Fernaeus, Ylva
    et al.
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Höök, Kristina
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Ståhl, Anna
    RISE - Research Institutes of Sweden, SICS.
    Designing for Joyful Movement2018In: Funology 2: From Usability to Enjoyment / [ed] Mark Blythe and Andrew Monk, Springer , 2018, p. 193-207Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Interaction design research has broadened its focus from settings in which people would sit more or less still in front of static computers doing their work tasks, to instead thriving off new interactive materials, mobile use, and ubiquitously available data of all sorts, creating interactions everywhere. These changes have put into question such as play versus learning, work versus leisure, or casual versus serious technology use. As both hardware and software have become mobile—both literally and in terms of transgressing cultural categories—the different social spheres and the rules that they are associated with are changing

  • 170.
    Fernaeus, Ylva
    et al.
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Lindegren, Andreas
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Celebration of Finitude as a Post-Industrial Aesthetics of Interaction2023In: Ninth Computing within Limits 2023, 2023Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper elaborates on design visions for computing, by attending to the values expressed in ideals around post-industrial ways of living. Such ideals highlight finitude not only as a challenge to overcome, but as an aesthetic quality, captured by notions of preciousness. We discuss three themes: to embrace possibilities within limits, to resist fantasies of unlimited power, and welcoming complexity as an inherent feature of the living.

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    Fernaeus_Lindegren_Limits_23
  • 171.
    Fernandez-Martín, Claudio
    et al.
    CVBLab, Instituto Universitario de Investigacin en Tecnologa Centrada en el Ser Humano (HUMAN-tech), addressline=Universitat Politcnica de Valncia, city=Valencia, postcode=46022, state=Valencia, country=Spain, Valencia.
    Colomer, Adrian
    CVBLab, Instituto Universitario de Investigacin en Tecnologa Centrada en el Ser Humano (HUMAN-tech), addressline=Universitat Politcnica de Valncia, city=Valencia, postcode=46022, state=Valencia, country=Spain, Valencia; organization=ValgrAI - Valencian Graduate School and Research Network for Artificial Intelligence, addressline=Universitat Politcnica de Valncia, city=Valencia, postcode=46022, state=Valencia, country=Spain, Valencia.
    Panariello, Claudio
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Naranjo, Valery
    CVBLab, Instituto Universitario de Investigacin en Tecnologa Centrada en el Ser Humano (HUMAN-tech), addressline=Universitat Politcnica de Valncia, city=Valencia, postcode=46022, state=Valencia, country=Spain, Valencia.
    Choosing only the best voice imitators: Top-K many-to-many voice conversion with StarGAN2024In: Speech Communication, ISSN 0167-6393, E-ISSN 1872-7182, Vol. 156, article id 103022Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Voice conversion systems have become increasingly important as the use of voice technology grows. Deep learning techniques, specifically generative adversarial networks (GANs), have enabled significant progress in the creation of synthetic media, including the field of speech synthesis. One of the most recent examples, StarGAN-VC, uses a single pair of generator and discriminator to convert voices between multiple speakers. However, the training stability of GANs can be an issue. The Top-K methodology, which trains the generator using only the best K generated samples that “fool” the discriminator, has been applied to image tasks and simple GAN architectures. In this work, we demonstrate that the Top-K methodology can improve the quality and stability of converted voices in a state-of-the-art voice conversion system like StarGAN-VC. We also explore the optimal time to implement the Top-K methodology and how to reduce the value of K during training. Through both quantitative and qualitative studies, it was found that the Top-K methodology leads to quicker convergence and better conversion quality compared to regular or vanilla training. In addition, human listeners perceived the samples generated using Top-K as more natural and were more likely to believe that they were produced by a human speaker. The results of this study demonstrate that the Top-K methodology can effectively improve the performance of deep learning-based voice conversion systems.

  • 172.
    Ferreira, Pedro
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Why play?: Examining the roles of play in ictd2015In: Critical Alternatives - Proceedings of the 5th Decennial Aarhus Conference, CA 2015, Det Kgl. Bibliotek/Royal Danish Library , 2015, p. 41-52Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The role of technology in socio-economic development is at the heart of ICTD (ICTs for development). Yet, as with much Human Centered technology research, playful interactions with technology are predominantly framed around their instrumental roles, such as education, rather than their intrinsic value. This obscures playful activities and undermines play as a basic freedom. Within ICTD an apparent conflict is reinforced, opposing socio-economic goals with play, often dismissed as trivial or unaffordable. Recently a slow emergence of studies around play has led us to propose a framing of it as a capability, according to Amartya Sen, recognizing and examining its instrumental, constructive, and constitutive roles. We discuss how play unleashes a more honest and fair approach within ICTD, but most importantly, we argue how it is essentially a basic human need, not antithetical to others. We propose ways for the recognition and legitimization of the play activity in ICTD. 

  • 173.
    Ferreira, Pedro
    et al.
    IT-University of Copenhagen.
    Helms, Karey
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Brown, Barry
    Stockholm University, DSV.
    Lampinen, Airi
    Stockholm University, DSV.
    From nomadic work to nomadic leisure practice: A study of long-term bike touring2019In: Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, E-ISSN 2573-0142, Vol. 3, article id 111Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Mobility has long been a central concern in research within the Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) community, particularly when it comes to work and how being on the move calls for reorganizing work practices. We expand this line of work with a focus on nomadic leisure practices. Based on interviews with eleven participants, we present a study that illuminates how digital technologies are used to shape and structure long-distance cycling. Our main analysis centers on bike touring as a nomadic leisure practice and on how it offers a radical departure from traditional modes of structuring work and life, and thus, complicates the relationship between work and leisure. We complement this with an account of managing the uncertainties of nomadicity by focusing on participants’ experiences with arranging overnighting and network hospitality. We offer this study, firstly, as one response to the call for more diversity in the empirical cases drawn upon in theorizing nomadic work and leisure practices, but more productively, as an opportunity to reflect upon the temporal and spatial logics of digital technologies and platforms and how they frame our attitudes towards the interplay between work and leisure.

  • 174. Fitzpatrick, G.
    et al.
    Friedman, B.
    Höök, Kristina
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Olson, J. S.
    Russell, D. M.
    Daring to change: Creating a slower more sustainable academic life2018In: Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - Proceedings, Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), 2018, article id panel06Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Numerous reports and studies point to increasing performance criteria and workplace stress for academics/researchers. Together with the audience, this panel will explore how we experience this in the HCI community, focussing particularly on what we can do to change this for a slower more sustainable academic culture. The future of good quality HCI research is dependent on happy healthy researchers and reasonable realistic academic processes.

  • 175.
    Franke, Ulrik
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID. RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, SE-164 29, Kista, Sweden.
    Algorithmic Fairness, Risk, and the Dominant Protective Agency2023In: Philosophy & Technology, ISSN 2210-5433, E-ISSN 2210-5441, Vol. 36, no 4, article id 76Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    With increasing use of automated algorithmic decision-making, issues of algorithmic fairness have attracted much attention lately. In this growing literature, existing concepts from ethics and political philosophy are often applied to new contexts. The reverse—that novel insights from the algorithmic fairness literature are fed back into ethics and political philosophy—is far less established. However, this short commentary on Baumann and Loi (Philosophy & Technology, 36(3), 45 2023) aims to do precisely this. Baumann and Loi argue that among algorithmic group fairness measures proposed, one—sufficiency (well-calibration) is morally defensible for insurers to use, whereas independence (statistical parity or demographic parity) and separation (equalized odds) are not normatively appropriate in the insurance context. Such a result may seem to be of relatively narrow interest to insurers and insurance scholars only. We argue, however, that arguments such as that offered by Baumann and Loi have an important but so far overlooked connection to the derivation of the minimal state offered by Nozick (1974) and thus to political philosophy at large.

  • 176.
    Franke, Ulrik
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Algorithmic Political Bias—an Entrenchment Concern2022In: Philosophy & Technology, ISSN 2210-5433, E-ISSN 2210-5441, Vol. 35, no 3, article id 75Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This short commentary on Peters (Philosophy & Technology 35, 2022) identifies the entrenchment of political positions as one additional concern related to algorithmic political bias, beyond those identified by Peters. First, it is observed that the political positions detected and predicted by algorithms are typically contingent and largely explained by “political tribalism”, as argued by Brennan (2016). Second, following Hacking (1999), the social construction of political identities is analyzed and it is concluded that algorithmic political bias can contribute to such identities. Third, following Nozick (1989), it is argued that purist political positions may stand in the way of the pursuit of all worthy values and goals to be pursued in the political realm and that to the extent that algorithmic political bias entrenches political positions, it also hinders this healthy “zigzag of politics”. 

  • 177.
    Franke, Ulrik
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID. RISE Research Institutes of Sweden.
    En oavslutad dikt om ett oavslutat uppror2023In: Slovo: Journal of Slavic Languages, Literatures and Cultures , E-ISSN 2001-7359, Vol. 63, p. 64-73Article in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [en]

    The legendary Russian literary critic Belinsky famously described Pushkin’s novel in verse Eugene Onegin as an encyclopedia of Russian life. However, this encyclopedia seems seriously incomplete in that it largely leaves out elements of oppression, war, and insurrection. There are many valid explanations for this, but one, very blunt and prosaic, is that oppression and censorship actually worked – that it is absent in the fiction because it was present in reality. As a case in point, this article presents a novel translation into Swedish, with rhymes and meter preserved, of the fragments remaining of the unfinished tenth chapter of Eugene Onegin. This tenth chapter deals with the failed Decembrist uprising of 1825, and the misrule precipitating it, and it is not surprising that it could not be published at the time it was written. Though well known in the academic community, this fragment is rarely published in foreign translations, and as far as known, this is the first translation into a Scandinavian language. The article offers some commentary on the translation and concludes with a few remarks on the value of reading the classics even in times of turmoil.

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  • 178.
    Franke, Ulrik
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID. RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, SE-164 29, Kista, Sweden.
    First- and Second-Level Bias in Automated Decision-making2022In: Philosophy & Technology, ISSN 2210-5433, E-ISSN 2210-5441, Vol. 35, no 2, article id 21Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Recent advances in artificial intelligence offer many beneficial prospects. However, concerns have been raised about the opacity of decisions made by these systems, some of which have turned out to be biased in various ways. This article makes a contribution to a growing body of literature on how to make systems for automated decision-making more transparent, explainable, and fair by drawing attention to and further elaborating a distinction first made by Nozick (1993) between first-level bias in the application of standards and second-level bias in the choice of standards, as well as a second distinction between discrimination and arbitrariness. Applying the typology developed, a number of illuminating observations are made. First, it is observed that some reported bias in automated decision-making is first-level arbitrariness, which can be alleviated by explainability techniques. However, such techniques have only a limited potential to alleviate first-level discrimination. Second, it is argued that second-level arbitrariness is probably quite common in automated decision-making. In contrast to first-level arbitrariness, however, second-level arbitrariness is not straightforward to detect automatically. Third, the prospects for alleviating arbitrariness are discussed. It is argued that detecting and alleviating second-level arbitrariness is a profound problem because there are many contrasting and sometimes conflicting standards from which to choose, and even when we make intentional efforts to choose standards for good reasons, some second-level arbitrariness remains. 

  • 179.
    Franke, Ulrik
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID. RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, SE-164 29, Kista, Sweden.
    How Much Should You Care About Algorithmic Transparency as Manipulation?2022In: Philosophy & Technology, ISSN 2210-5433, E-ISSN 2210-5441, Vol. 35, no 4, article id 92Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Wang (Philosophy & Technology 35, 2022) introduces a Foucauldian power account of algorithmic transparency. This short commentary explores when this power account is appropriate. It is first observed that the power account is a constructionist one, and that such accounts often come with both factual and evaluative claims. In an instance of Hume’s law, the evaluative claims do not follow from the factual claims, leaving open the question of how much constructionist commitment (Hacking, 1999) one should have. The concept of acts in equilibrium (Nozick, 1981) is then used to explain how different individuals reading Wang can end up with different evaluative attitudes towards algorithmic transparency, despite factual agreement. The commentary concludes by situating constructionist commitment inside a larger question of how much to think of our actions, identifying conflicting arguments. 

  • 180.
    Franke, Ulrik
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID. RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Kista, SE-164 29, Sweden.
    Rawls’s Original Position and Algorithmic Fairness2021In: Philosophy & Technology, ISSN 2210-5433, E-ISSN 2210-5441, Vol. 34, no 4, p. 1803-1817Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Modern society makes extensive use of automated algorithmic decisions, fueled by advances in artificial intelligence. However, since these systems are not perfect, questions about fairness are increasingly investigated in the literature. In particular, many authors take a Rawlsian approach to algorithmic fairness. This article aims to identify some complications with this approach: Under which circumstances can Rawls’s original position reasonably be applied to algorithmic fairness decisions? First, it is argued that there are important differences between Rawls’s original position and a parallel algorithmic fairness original position with respect to risk attitudes. Second, it is argued that the application of Rawls’s original position to algorithmic fairness faces a boundary problem in defining relevant stakeholders. Third, it is observed that the definition of the least advantaged, necessary for applying the difference principle, requires some attention in the context of algorithmic fairness. Finally, it is argued that appropriate deliberation in algorithmic fairness contexts often require more knowledge about probabilities than the Rawlsian original position allows. Provided that these complications are duly considered, the thought-experiment of the Rawlsian original position can be useful in algorithmic fairness decisions.

  • 181.
    Franke, Ulrik
    et al.
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Andreasson, Annika
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID. RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Kista, Sweden.
    Artman, Henrik
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID. FOI Swedish Defence Research Agency, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Brynielsson, Joel
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Computer Science, Theoretical Computer Science, TCS. FOI Swedish Defence Research Agency, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Varga, Stefan
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS). Swedish Armed Forces Headquarters, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Vilhelm, Niklas
    KTH. Norwegian National Security Authority, Sandvika, Norway.
    Cyber situational awareness issues and challenges2022In: Cybersecurity and Cognitive Science / [ed] Ahmed A. Moustafa, Elsevier , 2022, p. 235-265Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Today, most enterprises are increasingly reliant on information technology to carry out their operations. This also entails an increasing need for cyber situational awareness—roughly, to know what is going on in the cyber domain, and thus be able to adequately respond to events such as attacks or accidents. This chapter argues that cyber situational awareness is best understood by combining three complementary points of view: the technological, the socio-cognitive, and the organizational perspectives. In addition, the chapter investigates the prospects for reasoning about adversarial actions. This part also reports on a small empirical investigation where participants in the Locked Shields cyber defense exercise were interviewed about their information needs with respect to threat actors. The chapter is concluded with a discussion regarding important challenges to be addressed along with suggestions for further research.

  • 182.
    Franke, Ulrik
    et al.
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID. RISE Res Inst Sweden, POB 1263, SE-16429 Kista, Sweden..
    Hoxell, Amanda
    Uppsala Univ, Dept Math, POB 480, SE-75106 Uppsala, Sweden.;Lansforsakringar, SE-10650 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Observable Cyber Risk on Cournot Oligopoly Data Storage Markets2020In: Risks, E-ISSN 2227-9091, Vol. 8, no 4, article id 119Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    With the emergence of global digital service providers, concerns about digital oligopolies have increased, with a wide range of potentially harmful effects being discussed. One of these relates to cyber security, where it has been argued that market concentration can increase cyber risk. Such a state of affairs could have dire consequences for insurers and reinsurers, who underwrite cyber risk and are already very concerned about accumulation risk. Against this background, the paper develops some theory about how convex cyber risk affects Cournot oligopoly markets of data storage. It is demonstrated that with constant or increasing marginal production cost, the addition of increasing marginal cyber risk cost decreases the differences between the optimal numbers of records stored by the oligopolists, in effect offsetting the advantage of lower marginal production cost. Furthermore, based on the empirical literature on data breach cost, two possibilities are found: (i) that such cyber risk exhibits decreasing marginal cost in the number of records stored and (ii) the opposite possibility that such cyber risk instead exhibits increasing marginal cost in the number of records stored. The article is concluded with a discussion of the findings and some directions for future research.

  • 183.
    Franke, Ulrik
    et al.
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID. RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Kista, SE-164 29, Sweden.
    Turell, Johan
    MSB Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency, Karlstad, SE-651 81, Sweden.
    Johansson, Ivar
    MSB Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency, Karlstad, SE-651 81, Sweden.
    The Cost of Incidents in Essential Services—Data from Swedish NIS Reporting2021In: Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH , 2021, p. 116-129Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The NIS Directive aims to increase the overall level of cyber security in the EU and establishes a mandatory reporting regime for operators of essential services and digital service providers. While this reporting has attracted much attention, both in society at large and in the scientific community, the non-public nature of reports has led to a lack of empirically based research. This paper uses the unique set of all the mandatory NIS reports in Sweden in 2020 to shed light on incident costs. The costs reported exhibit large variability and skewed distributions, where a single or a few higher values push the average upwards. Numerical values are in the range of tens to hundreds of kSEK per incident. The most common incident causes are malfunctions and mistakes, whereas attacks are rare. No operators funded their incident costs using loans or insurance. Even though the reporting is mandated by law, operator cost estimates are incomplete and sometimes difficult to interpret, calling for additional assistance and training of operators to make the data more useful.

  • 184.
    Franke, Ulrik
    et al.
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID. RISE Research Institutes of Sweden.
    Wernberg, Joakim
    A survey of cyber security in the Swedish manufacturing industry2020In: 2020 International Conference on Cyber Situational Awareness, Data Analytics And Assessment (Cyber SA), IEEE, 2020Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper we explore cyber security practices in Swedish manufacturing firms. Manufacturing is being transformed by new technologies under the label of smart industry or industry 4.0. Most of these technologies are either digital themselves or depend on digital connectivity. Their use is made possible by electronic sensors, actuators, and other devices as well as by data-driven analysis. This technological change entails a fundamental shift in risk and security as devices become interconnected, making information and control transmissible both within and to varying degree outside the firm's organization. These issues must be addressed to prevent both unintentional and intentional security incidents. Thus, there will be no smart industry without cyber security. Based on a sector-wide survey with 649 respondents (17% response rate) carried out in collaboration with the Association of Swedish Engineering Industries, we map risk perception and the controls put in place to address these risks across firms. We present three primary findings: (i) Compared to how firms value further investments in digitalization, risk perception related to cyber security issues is fairly low and business interruption is a greater cause for worry than data breach, (ii) there is a gap between the anticipated impact of digitalization and the perceived need for cyber security measures across business functions within firms, and (iii) the implementation of cyber security measures is still in its infancy with a significant bias towards technological measures, leaving organizational and social cyber security measures underrepresented. The paper is concluded with the identification of a few interesting follow-up questions for future work.

  • 185.
    Frid, Emma
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Accessible Digital Musical Instruments: A Review of Musical Interfaces in Inclusive Music Practice2019In: Multimodal Technologies and Interaction, E-ISSN 2414-4088, Vol. 3, no 3, article id 57Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Current advancements in music technology enable the creation of customized Digital Musical Instruments (DMIs). This paper presents a systematic review of Accessible Digital Musical Instruments (ADMIs) in inclusive music practice. History of research concerned with facilitating inclusion in music-making is outlined, and current state of developments and trends in the field are discussed. Although the use of music technology in music therapy contexts has attracted more attention in recent years, the topic has been relatively unexplored in Computer Music literature. This review investigates a total of 113 publications focusing on ADMIs. Based on the 83 instruments in this dataset, ten control interface types were identified: tangible controllers, touchless controllers, Brain–Computer Music Interfaces (BCMIs), adapted instruments, wearable controllers or prosthetic devices, mouth-operated controllers, audio controllers, gaze controllers, touchscreen controllers and mouse-controlled interfaces. The majority of the AMDIs were tangible or physical controllers. Although the haptic modality could potentially play an important role in musical interaction for many user groups, relatively few of the ADMIs (15.6%) incorporated vibrotactile feedback. Aspects judged to be important for successful ADMI design were instrument adaptability and customization, user participation, iterative prototyping, and interdisciplinary development teams.

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  • 186.
    Frid, Emma
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Accessible Digital Musical Instruments: A Survey of Inclusive Instruments Presented at the NIME, SMC and ICMC Conferences2018In: Proceedings of the International Computer Music Conference 2018: Daegu, South Korea / [ed] Tae Hong Park, Doo-Jin Ahn, San Francisco: The International Computer Music Association , 2018, p. 53-59Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper describes a survey of accessible Digital Musical Instruments (ADMIs) presented at the NIME, SMC and ICMC conferences. It outlines the history of research concerned with facilitating inclusion in music making and discusses advances, current state of developments and trends in the field. Based on a systematic analysis of DMIs presented at the three conferences, seven control interface types could be identified: tangible, nontangible, audio, touch-screen, gaze, BCMIs and adapted instruments. Most of the ADMIs were tangible interfaces or physical controllers. Many of the instruments were designed for persons with physical disabilities or children with health conditions or impairments. Little attention was paid to DMIs for blind users. Although the haptic modality could play an important role in musical interaction in this context, relatively few of the ADMIs (26.7%) incorporated vibrotactile feedback. A discussion on future directions for inclusive design of DMIs is presented.

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  • 187.
    Frid, Emma
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Diverse Sounds: Enabling Inclusive Sonic Interaction2019Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This compilation thesis collects a series of publications on designing sonic interactions for diversity and inclusion. The presented papers focus on case studies in which musical interfaces were either developed or reviewed. While the described studies are substantially different in their nature, they all contribute to the thesis by providing reflections on how musical interfaces could be designed to enable inclusion rather than exclusion. Building on this work, I introduce two terms: inclusive sonic interaction design and Accessible Digital Musical Instruments (ADMIs). I also define nine properties to consider in the design and evaluation of ADMIs: expressiveness, playability, longevity, customizability, pleasure, sonic quality, robustness, multimodality and causality. Inspired by the experience of playing an acoustic instrument, I propose to enable musical inclusion for under-represented groups (for example persons with visual- and hearing-impairments, as well as elderly people) through the design of Digital Musical Instruments (DMIs) in the form of rich multisensory experiences allowing for multiple modes of interaction. At the same time, it is important to enable customization to fit user needs, both in terms of gestural control and provided sonic output. I conclude that the computer music community has the potential to actively engage more people in music-making activities. In addition, I stress the importance of identifying challenges that people face in these contexts, thereby enabling initiatives towards changing practices.

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    Emma Frid - Diverse Sounds
  • 188.
    Frid, Emma
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Erratum: Accessible digital musical instruments—a review of musical interfaces in inclusive music practice (Multimodal Technologies and Interaction, (2019) 3, 57, 10.3390/mti3030057)2020In: Multimodal Technologies and Interaction, ISSN 2414-4088, Vol. 4, no 3, p. 1-2, article id 34Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Unfortunately, some errors and imprecise descriptions were made in the final proofreading phase, and the author, therefore, wishes to make the following corrections to this paper [1]: In the Abstract, it is erroneously stated that the percentage of ADMIs that incorporated vibrotactile feedback was 15.6%. The correct percentage should be 14.5%. The same error is replicated in Section 4.4. Output Modalities, on page 11 (13 ADMIs should be 12 ADMIs), and in Section 6. Conclusions, on page 15. The author would like to apologize for any inconvenience caused by these changes. The correct percentage further supports the claim that relatively few of the ADMIs incorporated vibrotactile feedback. Based on guidelines for writing for accessibility [2], the author would like to refrain from using the term “elderly” and instead use the term “older adults” in Sections 4.5 Target User Group (page 11), 5. Discussion (page 13), and Conclusions (page 15). Minor formatting errors were identified in Figure 4, on page 9, where the terms “touchscreen” and “touchless” were mistakenly spelled “touch-screen” and “touch-less”. In Table 2, “Book Sections” should be “Book Chapters”. There were also two errors in Table 3, where “Eyes-web” should be spelled “EyesWeb” and the word “sensor” was misspelled as “senor”. The figure and table were updated to account for these mistakes.

  • 189.
    Frid, Emma
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID. STMS Science and Technology of Music and Sound, IRCAM Institute for Research and Coordination in Acoustics/Music, Paris, France.
    Musical Robots: Overview and Methods for Evaluation2023In: Sound and Robotics: Speech, Non-Verbal Audio and Robotic Musicianship / [ed] Richard Savery, Boca Raton, FL, USA: Informa UK Limited , 2023, p. 1-42Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Musical robots are complex systems that require the integration of several different functions to successfully operate. These processes range from sound analysis and music representation to mapping and modeling of musical expression. Recent advancements in Computational Creativity (CC) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) have added yet another level of complexity to these settings, with aspects of Human–AI Interaction (HAI) becoming increasingly important. The rise of intelligent music systems raises questions not only about the evaluation of Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) in robot musicianship but also about the quality of the generated musical output. The topic of evaluation has been extensively discussed and debated in the fields of Human–Computer Interaction (HCI) and New Interfaces for Musical Expression (NIME) throughout the years. However, interactions with robots often have a strong social or emotional component, and the experience of interacting with a robot is therefore somewhat different from that of interacting with other technologies. Since musical robots produce creative output, topics such as creative agency and what is meant by the term "success" when interacting with an intelligent music system should also be considered. The evaluation of musical robots thus expands beyond traditional evaluation concepts such as usability and user experience. To explore which evaluation methodologies might be appropriate for musical robots, this chapter first presents a brief introduction to the field of research dedicated to robotic musicianship, followed by an overview of evaluation methods used in the neighboring research fields of HCI, HRI, HAI, NIME, and CC. The chapter concludes with a review of evaluation methods used in robot musicianship literature and a discussion of prospects for future research.

  • 190.
    Frid, Emma
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID. RepMus - Représentations Musicales, STMS - Sciences et Technologies de la Musique et du Son, IRCAM - Institut de Recherche et Coordination Acoustique/Musique.
    The Gender Gap and the Computer Music Narrative: On the Under-Representation of Women at Computer Music Conferences2021In: Array - Journal of the International Computer Music Association, E-ISSN 2590-0056, Vol. 1, p. 43-49Article in journal (Refereed)
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  • 191.
    Frid, Emma
    et al.
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Bresin, Roberto
    KTH, School of Computer Science and Communication (CSC), Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Perceptual Evaluation of Blended Sonification of Mechanical Robot Sounds Produced by Emotionally Expressive Gestures: Augmenting Consequential Sounds to Improve Non-verbal Robot Communication2021In: International Journal of Social Robotics, ISSN 1875-4791, E-ISSN 1875-4805Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper presents two experiments focusing on perception of mechanical sounds produced by expressive robot movement and blended sonifications thereof. In the first experiment, 31 participants evaluated emotions conveyed by robot sounds through free-form text descriptions. The sounds were inherently produced by the movements of a NAO robot and were not specifically designed for communicative purposes. Results suggested no strong coupling between the emotional expression of gestures and how sounds inherent to these movements were perceived by listeners; joyful gestures did not necessarily result in joyful sounds. A word that reoccurred in text descriptions of all sounds, regardless of the nature of the expressive gesture, was “stress”. In the second experiment, blended sonification was used to enhance and further clarify the emotional expression of the robot sounds evaluated in the first experiment. Analysis of quantitative ratings of 30 participants revealed that the blended sonification successfully contributed to enhancement of the emotional message for sound models designed to convey frustration and joy. Our findings suggest that blended sonification guided by perceptual research on emotion in speech and music can successfully improve communication of emotions through robot sounds in auditory-only conditions.

  • 192.
    Frid, Emma
    et al.
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Bresin, Roberto
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Sallnäs Pysander, Eva-Lotta
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Moll, Jonas
    Uppsala University.
    An Exploratory Study On The Effect Of Auditory Feedback On Gaze Behavior In a Virtual Throwing Task With and Without Haptic Feedback2017In: Proceedings of the 14th Sound and Music Computing Conference / [ed] Tapio Lokki, Jukka Pätynen, and Vesa Välimäki, Espoo, Finland, 2017, p. 242-249Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper presents findings from an exploratory study on the effect of auditory feedback on gaze behavior. A total of 20 participants took part in an experiment where the task was to throw a virtual ball into a goal in different conditions: visual only, audiovisual, visuohaptic and audio- visuohaptic. Two different sound models were compared in the audio conditions. Analysis of eye tracking metrics indicated large inter-subject variability; difference between subjects was greater than difference between feedback conditions. No significant effect of condition could be observed, but clusters of similar behaviors were identified. Some of the participants’ gaze behaviors appeared to have been affected by the presence of auditory feedback, but the effect of sound model was not consistent across subjects. We discuss individual behaviors and illustrate gaze behavior through sonification of gaze trajectories. Findings from this study raise intriguing questions that motivate future large-scale studies on the effect of auditory feedback on gaze behavior. 

  • 193.
    Frid, Emma
    et al.
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Elblaus, Ludvig
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Bresin, Roberto
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Interactive sonification of a fluid dance movement: an exploratory study2019In: Journal on Multimodal User Interfaces, ISSN 1783-7677, E-ISSN 1783-8738, Vol. 13, no 3, p. 181-189Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper we present three different experiments designed to explore sound properties associated with fluid movement: (1) an experiment in which participants adjusted parameters of a sonification model developed for a fluid dance movement, (2) a vocal sketching experiment in which participants sketched sounds portraying fluid versus nonfluid movements, and (3) a workshop in which participants discussed and selected fluid versus nonfluid sounds. Consistent findings from the three experiments indicated that sounds expressing fluidity generally occupy a lower register and has less high frequency content, as well as a lower bandwidth, than sounds expressing nonfluidity. The ideal sound to express fluidity is continuous, calm, slow, pitched, reminiscent of wind, water or an acoustic musical instrument. The ideal sound to express nonfluidity is harsh, non-continuous, abrupt, dissonant, conceptually associated with metal or wood, unhuman and robotic. Findings presented in this paper can be used as design guidelines for future applications in which the movement property fluidity is to be conveyed through sonification.

  • 194.
    Frid, Emma
    et al.
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Falkenberg, Kjetil
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Designing and reporting research on sound design and music for health: Methods and frameworks for impact2021In: Doing Research in Sound Design / [ed] Michael Filimowicz, Focal Press , 2021, p. 125-150Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This chapter presents key methodological aspects to consider for researchers in the fields of sound design and music computing when evaluating and making strategic choices for conducting research targeting health, accessibility and disability. We present practical suggestions for how to effectively increase the impact in the research community based on existing methods commonly used in evidence-based research. Although many of the described models, frameworks and methods are not novel, they have so far only been extensively applied in music therapy studies and music medicine interventions, but not in sound design research nor music computing. The frameworks presented here are gathered from, primarily, practices concerning systematic reviews. We conclude with a discussion about the current state of the field and provide examples of how proposed frameworks and guidelines can be used when reporting results from quantitative research studies to systematic reviews.

  • 195.
    Frid, Emma
    et al.
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID. Inst Rech & Coordinat Acoust Mus IRCAM, Sci & Technol Mus & Son STMS, UMR9912, Paris, France..
    Falkenberg, Kjetil
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Agres, Kat
    Natl Univ Singapore, Ctr Mus & Hlth, Yong Siew Toh Conservatory Mus, Singapore, Singapore..
    Lucas, Alex
    Queens Univ Belfast, Son Arts Res Ctr, Belfast, North Ireland..
    Editorial: New advances and novel applications of music technologies for health, well-being, and inclusion2024In: Frontiers in Computer Science, E-ISSN 2624-9898, Vol. 6, article id 1358454Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 196.
    Frid, Emma
    et al.
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID. Sciences et Technologies de la Musique et du Son Laboratoire, STMS, CNRS, Ircam, Sorbonne Université, Ministère de la Culture, Paris, France.
    Ilsar, Alon
    Reimagining (Accessible) Digital Musical Instruments: A Survey on Electronic Music-Making Tools2021In: Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression (NIME) 2021, 2021Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper discusses findings from a survey on interfaces for making electronic music. We invited electronic music makers of varying experience to reflect on their practice and setup and to imagine and describe their ideal interface for music-making. We also asked them to reflect on the state of gestural controllers, machine learning, and artificial intelligence in their practice. We had 118 people respond to the survey, with 40.68% professional musicians, and 10.17% identifying as living with a disability or access requirement. Results highlight limitations of music-making setups as perceived by electronic music makers, reflections on how imagined novel interfaces could address such limitations, and positive attitudes towards ML and AI in general.

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    Survey
  • 197.
    Frid, Emma
    et al.
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID. Adobe Research.
    Jin, Zeyu
    Adobe Research, Seattle, WA, USA.
    Gomes, Celso
    Adobe Research, Seattle, WA, USA.
    Music Creation by Example2020In: Proceedings CHI '20: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) , 2020, p. 1-13, article id 387Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Short online videos have become the dominating media on social platforms. However, finding suitable music to accompany videos can be a challenging task to some video creators, due to copyright constraints, limitations in search engines, and required audio-editing expertise. One possible solution to these problems is to use AI music generation. In this paper we present a user interface (UI) paradigm that allows users to input a song to an AI engine and then interactively regenerate and mix AI-generated music. To arrive at this design, we conducted user studies with a total of 104 video creators at several stages of our design and development process. User studies supported the effectiveness of our approach and provided valuable insights about human-AI interaction as well as the design and evaluation of mixedinitiative interfaces in creative practice.

    Download full text (zip)
    supplementary material
  • 198.
    Frid, Emma
    et al.
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Lindetorp, Hans
    KMH Royal College of Music.
    Haptic Music: Exploring Whole-Body Vibrations and Tactile Sound for a Multisensory Music Installation2020In: Proceedings of the Sound and Music Computing Conference (SMC) 2020 / [ed] Simone Spagnol and Andrea Valle, Torino, Italy, 2020, p. 68-75Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper presents a study on the composition of haptic music for a multisensory installation and how composers could be aided by a preparatory workshop focusing on the perception of whole-body vibrations prior to such a composition task. Five students from a Master’s program in Music Production were asked to create haptic music for the installation Sound Forest. The students were exposed to a set of different sounds producing whole-body vibrations through a wooden platform and asked to describe perceived sensations for respective sound. Results suggested that the workshop helped the composers successfully complete the composition task and that awareness of haptic possibilities of the multisensory installation could be improved through training. Moreover, the sounds used as stimuli provided a relatively wide range of perceived sensations, ranging from pleasant to unpleasant. Considerable intra-subject differences motivate future large-scale studies on the perception of whole-body vibrations in artistic music practice.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 199.
    Frid, Emma
    et al.
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Lindetorp, Hans
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID. KMH Royal College of Music, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Hansen, Kjetil Falkenberg
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Elblaus, Ludvig
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Bresin, Roberto
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Sound Forest - Evaluation of an Accessible Multisensory Music Installation2019In: Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, ACM , 2019, p. 1-12, article id 677Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Sound Forest is a music installation consisting of a room with light-emitting interactive strings, vibrating platforms and speakers, situated at the Swedish Museum of Performing Arts. In this paper we present an exploratory study focusing on evaluation of Sound Forest based on picture cards and interviews. Since Sound Forest should be accessible for everyone, regardless age or abilities, we invited children, teens and adults with physical and intellectual disabilities to take part in the evaluation. The main contribution of this work lies in its fndings suggesting that multisensory platforms such as Sound Forest, providing whole-body vibrations, can be used to provide visitors of diferent ages and abilities with similar associations to musical experiences. Interviews also revealed positive responses to haptic feedback in this context. Participants of diferent ages used diferent strategies and bodily modes of interaction in Sound Forest, with activities ranging from running to synchronized music-making and collaborative play.

  • 200.
    Frid, Emma
    et al.
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Ljungdahl Eriksson, Martin
    Otterbring, Tobias
    Falkenberg, Kjetil
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.
    Lidbo, Håkan
    Daunfeldt, Sven-Olov
    On Designing Sounds to Reduce Shoplifting in Retail Environments2021Conference paper (Refereed)
1234567 151 - 200 of 733
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