We prove an asymptotic formula for the partition function of a 2d Coulomb gas at inverse temperature beta > 0, confined to lie on a Jordan curve. The partition function can include a linear statistic. The asymptotic formula involves a Fredholm determinant related to the Loewner energy of the curve, and also an expression involving the sampling function, the exterior conformal map for the curve and the Grunsky operator. The asymptotic formula also gives a central limit theorem for linear statistics of the particles in the gas.

For any integer m < n, where m can depend on n, we study the rate of convergence (Formula Presented) to its limiting Gaussian as n → ∞ for orthogonal, unitary and symplectic Haar distributed random matrices U of size n. In the unitary case, we prove that the total variation distance is less than (Formula Presented) times a constant. This result interpolates between the super-exponential bound obtained for fixed m and the 1/n bound coming from the Berry–Esseen theorem applicable when m ≥ n by a result of Rains. We obtain analogous results for the orthogonal and symplectic groups. In these cases, our total variation upper bound takes the form (Formula Presented) times a constant and the result holds provided n > 2m. For m = 1, we obtain complementary lower bounds and precise asymptotics for the L2-distances as n → ∞, which show how sharp our results are.

We show that the distance in total variation between (Tr U, √12 Tr U2, . . ., √m Tr Um) and a real Gaussian vector, where 1 U is a Haar distributed orthogonal or symplectic matrix of size 2n or 2n + 1, is bounded by 「 (2 mn + 1)− 12 times a correction. The correction term is explicit and holds for all n ≥ m4, for m sufficiently large. For n ≥ m3 we obtain the bound (mn)−c √ mn with an explicit constant c. Our method of proof is based on an identity of Toeplitz + Hankel determinants due to Basor and Ehrhardt, see (Oper. Matrices 3 (2009) 167–86), which is also used to compute the joint moments of the traces.

Three phases of macroscopic domains have been seen for large but finite periodic dimer models; these are known as the frozen, rough and smooth phases. The transition region between the frozen and rough region has received a lot of attention for the last twenty years and recently work has been underway to understand the rough–smooth transition region in the case of the two-periodic Aztec diamond. We compute uniform asymptotics for dimer–dimer correlations of the two-periodic Aztec diamond when the dimers lie in the rough–smooth transition region. These asymptotics rely on a formula found in Chhita and Johansson (Adv Math 294:37–149, 2016) for the inverse Kasteleyn matrix, they also apply to the infinite square grid dimer model with a variable weighting which interpolates between the rough and smooth phase (Kenyon et al. Ann Math (2) 163(3):1019–1056, 2006). In particular, we find that distant dimers initially decay exponentially when the magnetic coordinates are very close to the bounded complementary component of the associated amoebae, they then transition to a power law decay once far enough apart.

The six-vertex model is an important toy-model in statistical mechanics for twodimensional ice with a natural parameter A. When A = 0, the so-called free-fermion point, the model is in natural correspondence with domino tilings of the Aztec diamond. Although this model is integrable for all A, there has been very little progress in understanding its statistics in the scaling limit for other values. In this work, we focus on the six-vertex model with domain wall boundary conditions at A = 1/2, where it corresponds to alternating sign matrices (ASMs). We consider the level lines in a height function representation of ASMs. We show that the maximum of the topmost level line for a uniformly random ASMs has the Gaussian orthogonal ensemble (GOE) Tracy-Widom distribution after appropriate rescaling. A key ingredient in our proof is Zeilberger's proof of the ASM conjecture. As far as we know, this is the first edge fluctuation result away from the tangency points for the domain-wall six-vertex model when we are not in the free-fermion case.

Random tilings of geometrical shapes with dominos or lozenges have been a rich source of universal statistical distributions. This paper deals with domino tilings of checker board rectangular shapes such that the top two and bottom two adjacent squares have the same orientation and the two most left and two most right ones as well. It forces these so-called "skew-Aztec rectangles" to have cuts on either side. For large sizes of the domain and upon an appropriate scaling of the location of the cuts, one finds split tacnodes between liquid regions with two distinct adjacent frozen phases descending into the tacnode. Zooming about such split tacnodes, filaments appear between the liquid patches evolving in a bricklike sea of dimers of another type. This work shows that the random fluctuations in a neighborhood of the split tacnode are governed asymptotically by the discrete tacnode kernel, providing strong evidence that this kernel is a universal discrete-continuous limiting kernel occurring naturally whenever we have doubly interlacing patterns. The analysis involves the inversion of a singular Toeplitz matrix which leads to considerable difficulties.

Random tilings of the two-periodic Aztec diamond contain three macroscopic regions: frozen, where the tilings are deterministic; rough, where the correlations between dominoes decay polynomially; smooth, where the correlations between dominoes decay exponentially. In a previous paper, the authors found that a certain averaging of height function differences at the rough-smooth interface converged to the extended Airy kernel point process. In this paper, we augment the local geometrical picture at this interface by introducing well-defined lattice paths which are closely related to the level lines of the height function. We show, after suitable centering and rescaling, that a point process from these paths converge to the extended Airy kernel point process provided that the natural parameter associated to the two-periodic Aztec diamond is small enough.

This article studies the inhomogeneous geometric polynuclear growth model; the distribution of which is related to Schur functions. We explain a method to derive its distribution functions in both space-like and time-like directions, focusing on the two-time distribution. Asymptotics of the two-time distribution in the KPZ-scaling limit is then considered, extending to two times several single-time distributions in the KPZ universality class.

We consider certain determinants with respect to a sufficiently regular Jordan curve γ in the complex plane that generalize Toeplitz determinants which are obtained when the curve is the circle. This also corresponds to studying a planar Coulomb gas on the curve at inverse temperature β = 2. Under suitable assumptions on the curve we prove a strong Szegő type asymptotic formula as the size of the determinant grows. The resulting formula involves the Grunsky operator built from the Grunsky coefficients of the exterior mapping function for γ. As a consequence of our formula we obtain the asymptotics of the partition function for the Coulomb gas on the curve. This formula involves the Fredholm determinant of the absolute value squared of the Grunsky operator which equals, up to a multiplicative constant, the Loewner energy of the curve. Based on this we obtain a new characterization of curves with finite Loewner energy called Weil-Petersson quasicircles.