This article describes the conductive in-road charging system as developed in the eRoadArlanda project, a pilot project for the development of in-road charging system for both heavy and light vehicles intended for application in motorways. The results of an analysis of measurements collected during the integration tests of this system are presented and discussed. The results focus on the end-to-end efficiency of the in-road charging system and aim to provide researchers in the field with a reference for this technology and configuration for use in the future development of such infrastructure. The analysis of the measurement data addresses losses in the low-voltage side of the AC conductive charging system as well as the vehicle-mounted isolated rectifier/converter connected to the vehicle DC system. An exploratory analysis of data collected over a 6-month testing period in varying weather conditions is used to provide insight into factors affecting the overall efficiency of the system. A discussion of the results includes the effects of cable dimensioning, rectifier performance and placement, and the use of salt for deicing.

The fuel efficiency of the hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) highly relies on the engine efficiency. Thispaper proposes a particular powertrain configuration on a small hybrid electric racing car wherethe engine is only allowed to operate withpeak efficiency. An onlinebinarycontroller, accordingly, is developedbased on dynamic programming (DP)to control the engine on/off status and the torques from the electric motors (EMs) to ensure the HEV can successfully complete the drive mission with minimal fuel consumption.For comparison, the paper also develops anoptimal powertrain controller of the same HEV with the normal usage ofthe engine, i.e., the engine operates at any feasible point of the 2Dfuel efficiency map. The simulation results show that this binary controller can improveroughly13% on fuel efficiency compared with the general engine case.

To improve the fuel efficiency of a hybrid electric car with special powertrain features racing in Shell Eco-marathon, a computationally efficient online control system is developed by solving hierarchical optimal control problems. The top-level computes the optimal velocity trajectory based on the given competition track in advance. The lower-level then finds the best instantaneous engine state and torque allocation by the equivalent consumption minimization strategy (ECMS). The special design of the competition car reduces the ECMS into a binary optimization problem. The new controller can run in real-time on low-cost microprocessors and improves the car's fuel efficiency by 50% while maintaining the state of charge of the electrical energy buffer.

Today, an information gap exists between log measurements performed in the forest and at the sawmill. By applying a code in the forest during harvesting and then reading it at the sawmill, this information gap would vanish. A log applicator, which applies two-dimensional log codes through the saw bar, and a corresponding detection system based on vision technology have been developed. Key features of this technology are the very low cost of each mark and the zero-time-loss characteristic of both marking and detection.

A field test utilizing this equipment was performed on 210 logs in northern Sweden in December 2009. For logs harvested during real harvesting conditions and automatically detected at the log sorting station of a running sawmill, a detection rate of 40 percent was achieved. A comparison between parameters (length and diameter) measured in the forest and at the sawmill is presented, as are a number of suggested improvements to increase the detection rate substantially.

The invention relates to an arrangement (1) for marking a log end surface (4a) with a marking code during cutting of a log (4) and amethod for marking a log end surface (4a)with a marking code. The arrangement (1) is connected to a saw bar (3) comprising a plurality offluid distributing nozzles(6) in communication with a fluid container (16). The arrangement (1) further comprises acontrol unit (CU) arranged to control the flow of fluid through eachnozzle (6)based on log-related identification code. The invention is characterised in thatthe flow of fluid through eachnozzle (6)is controlled based on the movement of the saw bar (3) relative to the log in a cutting direction.

This paper presents the basic design of a walking robot platform, in terms of its mechanics,electronics and control. The four-legged robot weighs about 60 kilograms, has three actuatorsin each leg and uses a distributed control system over six CAN busses. Basic strength and speedis demonstrated by experiments where the robot performs walking motions and goes down onits knees and then up again. A brief discussion of experiences from designing and implementingthe platform is included.