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Evaluation and comparison of ballastless track systems with regards to system and performance characteristics
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Engineering Mechanics, Vehicle Engineering and Solid Mechanics, Rail Vehicles.
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Engineering Mechanics, Vehicle Engineering and Solid Mechanics, Rail Vehicles.
2020 (English)Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
Abstract [en]

As axle loads and speeds constantly increase in rail transport, new track systems are being developed. One such development is the ballastless track system. Today there are several types and variations of slab tracks, but how do they differ, and which one is the best? This thesis aims to answer these questions for given scenarios as each system has its unique set of strengths and therefore performs differently compared to the other systems for different projects. In this thesis, several existing ballastless track solutions have been studied. This was done viaballastless system manufacturer websites, brochures, other notable literature as well as multiple meetings with each of the system manufacturers. As a result, a descriptive list of nine different systems has been developed as well as a more detailed comparison in the shape of a table. To find out which one should be used and when, a model was developed for comparison of them. This model is based on a Multiple-criteria decision analysis (MCDA). This is a tool that can be used to compare different alternatives, based on several, often conflicting criteria. In the end, the VIKOR method was chosen. The choice was based on VIKOR’s user-friendliness, as well as implementation of auxiliary features, such as regret-value and compromise solutions. The MCDA based model was built in Excel and MATLAB and is expandable to the needs of the user. To test the model and whether it contains any bias, a sensitivity study was carried out. Ten hypothetical scenarios were set up and corresponding importance weights were assigned accordingly. The results were mixed and sparse for the different hypothetical scenarios and showed that no, or little, inherent biases were present in the model. Thus, the model proved to be successful in the end, and can therefore be a good addition to the selection process of a ballastless system alongside other studies, such as Life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA). There is however still some more development that could be done to improve the model. Finally, to demonstrate how the model is implemented for a rail project, a case study was carried out. The case study was conducted for a single hypothetical tunnel close to a city, assumed to be in Sweden. The background conditions were described, and the weighting process was illustrated and inserted to the model. For this particular case the ÖBB-Porr system from the Porr group proved to be the most suitable choice.

Abstract [sv]

Över tid har spårfordon blivit tyngre och snabbare. Samtidigt har nya spårsystem utvecklats. En sådan utveckling är ballastfria spårsystem. Idag finns det ett brett utbud av sådana system, men hur skiljer de sig åt och vilket är bäst? I detta examensarbete söks svar på de frågorna förgivna scenarier. Detta görs eftersom de olika systemen har olika styrkor och därför lämpar sig bäst för olika projekt, jämfört med övriga system. I detta examensarbete har ett flertal ballastfria spårsystem studerats. Detta har gjorts genomtillverkares hemsidor, broschyrer, annan relevant litteratur så väl som genom möten med representanter från olika tillverkare. Som ett resultat av detta har systembeskrivningar av nio olika system och en mer detaljerad jämförelsetabell utförts. För att ta reda på vilket spårsystem som lämpar sig bäst i en given situation har en matematisk modell utvecklats med målet att jämföra olika system. Modellen är baserat på en Multiplecriteria decision analysis (MCDA). Detta verktyg kan, baserat på kriterier, jämföra och rankasystemen. I detta examensarbete valdes VIKOR-metoden (en av flera MCDA:s) baserat på dess relativt enkla struktur, valfria användandet av regret-value och lösningskompromisser. Excel och MATLAB användes för att bygga modellen som även är anpassad för framtida expansion. För att kontrollera om modellen är opartisk utfördes en känslighetsanalys. Tio olika scenarier skapades och vikter baserat på scenariernas krav på kriterier sattes. Resultaten var blandade vilket tyder på att modellen är opartisk eller nära opartisk. Modellen kan därmed anses vara ett bra supplement till andra beslutsmetoder, såsom Life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA). Det finns dock fortfarande möjliga förbättringar för framtida studier att ta itu med. I slutändan visas det på hur modellen kan användas på ett spårprojekt i form av en fallstudie. Studien gjordes på en hypotetisk tunnel som mynnar ut i en stad, vars antagna land är Sverige. En bakgrund beskrevs och vikter togs fram därefter och användes i modellen. För detta hypotetiska projekt visade sig systemet ÖBB-Porr från Porr group vara bäst lämpat.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2020. , p. 120
Series
TRITA-SCI-GRU ; 2020:283
National Category
Vehicle and Aerospace Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-280155OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-280155DiVA, id: diva2:1464116
External cooperation
Trafikverket
Examiners
Available from: 2020-09-04 Created: 2020-09-04 Last updated: 2025-02-14Bibliographically approved

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