kth.sePublications KTH
Change search
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
Bioaccessibility of nickel and cobalt in powders and massive forms of stainless steel, nickel- or cobalt-based alloys, and nickel and cobalt metals in artificial sweat
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2123-2201
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6042-9752
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2206-0082
Show others and affiliations
2019 (English)In: Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology, ISSN 0273-2300, E-ISSN 1096-0295, Vol. 106, p. 15-26Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Nickel (Ni)and cobalt (Co)are the most common metal allergens upon skin contact at occupational settings and during consumer handling of metals and alloys. A standardized test (EN, 1811)exists to assess Ni release from articles of metals and alloys in massive forms intended for direct and prolonged skin contact, but no corresponding test exists for other materials such as powders or massive forms of alloys placed on the market or to determine the release of Co, for which only limited data is available. Differences in Ni and Co release from massive forms of a range of common stainless steels and some high-alloyed grades compared to Ni and Co metals were therefore assessed in artificial sweat for 1 week at 30 °C according to EN 1811. A comparable modified test procedure was elaborated and used for powders and some selected massive alloys. All alloys investigated released significantly less amount of Ni (100–5000-fold)and Co (200–400,000-fold)compared with Ni and Co metal, respectively. Almost all alloys showed a lower bioaccessible concentration (0.007–6.8 wt% Ni and 0.00003–0.6 wt% Co)when compared to corresponding bulk alloy contents (0.1–53 wt% Ni, 0.02–65 wt% Co). Observed differences are, among other factors, related to differences in bulk composition and to surface oxide characteristics. For the powders, less Ni and Co were released per surface area, but more per mass, compared to the corresponding massive forms. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Academic Press Inc. , 2019. Vol. 106, p. 15-26
Keywords [en]
Artificial sweat, Classification, Corrosion, EN 1811, Metal release, Particles, Regulation, Skin sensitizer, alloy, cobalt, dermatological agent, nickel, oxide, stainless steel, unclassified drug, Article, calibration, chemical composition, concentration (parameter), particle size, pH, powder, priority journal, surface area, surface property
National Category
Materials Chemistry
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-252512DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2019.04.017ISI: 000513219700003PubMedID: 31028796Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85064756776OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-252512DiVA, id: diva2:1336850
Note

QC 20190710

Available from: 2019-07-10 Created: 2019-07-10 Last updated: 2024-01-10Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Bioaccessibility, corrosion and surface properties of metals, alloys and metallic powder in biological fluids of relevance for occupational and consumer health hazard assessment
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Bioaccessibility, corrosion and surface properties of metals, alloys and metallic powder in biological fluids of relevance for occupational and consumer health hazard assessment
2021 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

When assessing hazards of metals, alloys, and metal-containing items, the metal release (bioaccessibility) is of high importance. Triggered by increasingly stricter hazard classifications for metals, especially cobalt (Co), and limited knowledge, the aim of this doctoral thesis is to assess correlations between the metal/alloy surface characteristics, corrosion and metal release pattern in different simulated biological fluids relevant to human exposure scenarios (dermal, ingestion and inhalation, Papers I-V). In addition, occupational alloy powders (additive manufacturing, Paper III) and tattoo inks (Paper VI) were assessed in relation to potential health hazards. A reliable and reproducible in-vitro bioaccessibility test methodology was elaborated (Paper I). Generated nickel (Ni) and Co bioaccessibility data correlates with the surface and corrosion properties of the metals/alloys in the synthetic fluids, suggesting that the bioaccessible concentration, rather than bulk content, should be used for hazard assessment of Ni and Co in alloys and metals (Papers I-IV). Metallic Co was homogeneously distributed along with metallic Ni beneath the surface oxide of stainless steel 316L under different exposure conditions (Paper V). Exposure in a phosphate-containing neutral fluid resulted in the precipitation and incorporation of both Co and phosphate in the oxide (Paper V). Reused alloy powder during laser additive manufacturing processes revealed, depending on alloy type, different physicochemical properties including corrosion properties (Paper III). A large majority of the investigated tattoo inks violated existing regulations on labelling and substances of health concern (Paper VI), and Co, Ni, and other impurities were associated with iron-rich pigments. In all, this thesis presents bioaccessibility findings connected to surface characteristics relevant for hazard assessments of alloys and powders, and points towards physicochemical reasons behind the release of certain metallic impurities.

Abstract [sv]

Olika hälsorisker som till exempel hudallergi kan uppstå vid exponering för nickel och kobolt. Det är därför viktigt att förstå om olika metalliska föremål, metaller och legeringar kan frisätta dessa element i kontakt med olika kroppsvätskor. I den här doktorsavhandlingen har en metod utvecklats för att bestämma mängder av frisatt nickel och kobolt från massiva ytor och pulver av olika metalliska legeringar och rena metaller på ett jämförbart sätt och för olika exponeringsvägar (hudkontakt, inandning, förtäring). Ett annat mål har varit att undersöka om metaller som kobolt, som ofta endast befinner sig som föroreningar i legeringar, förekommer i ytoxiden eller endast i bulkmaterialet och hur det påverkar frisättningen (kobolt har nyligen omklassificierats då metallen kan orsaka cancer). Studierna har också omfattat samband mellan ytegenskaper och frisättning av metaller från metalliska pulver som används i tillverkningsindustrin och metalliska föroreningar samt undersökt hälsorisker med tatueringsfärger. Resultaten har visat att frisättningen av nickel och kobolt till olika syntetiska kroppsvätskor från metaller och legeringar ofta korrelerar väl med deras yt- och korrosionsegenskaper. Det medför att frisättnings- eller korrosionstester skulle kunna användas för att gruppera olika metaller och legeringar och bedöma deras hälsorisker, i stället för att eventuella risker baseras på legeringarnas bulksammansättningar. Legeringarnas ytoxider har ofta en skild sammansättning och en förmåga att minska frisättning av metaller på ett mycket effektivt sätt. Återanvänt pulver vid additiv tillverkning (3D-printning) kan erhålla ändrade fysikaliska och kemiska egenskaper på grund av exponeringen för laser. Innehållet av nickel, kobolt och kromföroreningar i tatueringsfärger var kopplat till andra metaller, främst järnrik röd pigment. Den här avhandlingen bidrar till att förfina riskbedömningar av metaller, legeringar, och metallinnehållande produkter.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2021. p. 48
Series
TRITA-CBH-FOU ; 2021:43
Keywords
Metal and alloy, metal release, synthetic biological fluids, surface oxide, corrosion resistance, hazard assessment
National Category
Analytical Chemistry
Research subject
Chemistry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-304814 (URN)978-91-8040-043-5 (ISBN)
Public defence
2021-12-13, F3, Lindstedtsvägen 26, KTH and Zoom: https://kth-se.zoom.us/meeting/register/u5wodumurDIjH9UhhHbmjhRcJ6vErKrU62Kf, Stockholm, 14:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

QC 2021-11-15

Available from: 2021-11-15 Created: 2021-11-12 Last updated: 2022-06-25Bibliographically approved

Open Access in DiVA

No full text in DiVA

Other links

Publisher's full textPubMedScopus

Authority records

Wang, XuyingHerting, GunillaWei, ZhengOdnevall Wallinder, IngerHedberg, Yolanda

Search in DiVA

By author/editor
Wang, XuyingHerting, GunillaWei, ZhengOdnevall Wallinder, IngerHedberg, Yolanda
By organisation
Surface and Corrosion Science
In the same journal
Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology
Materials Chemistry

Search outside of DiVA

GoogleGoogle Scholar

doi
pubmed
urn-nbn

Altmetric score

doi
pubmed
urn-nbn
Total: 167 hits
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf