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Composition Tuning of Nanostructured Binary Copper Selenides through Rapid Chemical Synthesis and Their Thermoelectric Property Evaluation
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Biomedical and X-ray Physics.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5672-5727
Istanbul Univ, Dept Phys, TR-34135 Istanbul, Turkey..
Luleå Univ Technol, Dept Engn Sci & Math, Div Mat Sci, Appl Phys, SE-97187 Luleå, Sweden..ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9076-5087
Dept Phys Chem & Biol IFM, SE-58183 Linköping, Sweden..
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2020 (English)In: Nanomaterials, E-ISSN 2079-4991, Vol. 10, no 5, article id 854Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Reduced energy consumption and environmentally friendly, abundant constituents are gaining more attention for the synthesis of energy materials. A rapid, highly scalable, and process-temperature-sensitive solution synthesis route is demonstrated for the fabrication of thermoelectric (TE) Cu2-xSe. The process relies on readily available precursors and microwave-assisted thermolysis, which is sensitive to reaction conditions; yielding Cu1.8Se at 200 degrees C and Cu2Se at 250 degrees C within 6-8 min reaction time. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed crystalline nature of as-made particles with irregular truncated morphology, which exhibit a high phase purity as identified by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) analysis. Temperature-dependent transport properties were characterized via electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, and thermal diffusivity measurements. Subsequent to spark plasma sintering, pure Cu1.8Se exhibited highly compacted and oriented grains that were similar in size in comparison to Cu2Se, which led to its high electrical and low thermal conductivity, reaching a very high power-factor (24 mu W/K(-2)cm(-1)). Density-of-states (DOS) calculations confirm the observed trends in electronic properties of the material, where Cu-deficient phase exhibits metallic character. The TE figure of merit (ZT) was estimated for the materials, demonstrating an unprecedentedly high ZT at 875 K of 2.1 for Cu1.8Se sample, followed by 1.9 for Cu2Se. Synthetic and processing methods presented in this work enable large-scale production of TE materials and components for niche applications.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
MDPI , 2020. Vol. 10, no 5, article id 854
Keywords [en]
thermoelectric, chalcogenides, Cu2-xSe, microwave synthesis, nanomaterial, XPS, ZT, thermal conductivity
National Category
Materials Chemistry
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-278441DOI: 10.3390/nano10050854ISI: 000540781800037PubMedID: 32354142Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85083973343OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-278441DiVA, id: diva2:1454115
Note

QC 20200714

Available from: 2020-07-14 Created: 2020-07-14 Last updated: 2024-03-18Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Design, Synthesis and Characterization of Nanostructured Thermoelectric Materials
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Design, Synthesis and Characterization of Nanostructured Thermoelectric Materials
2021 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The demand for energy is rapidly increasing, triggering more carbon emission and global warming. Alternative green energy sources are essential to secure the future generation from the effect of pollution and global warming. During the last few decades, thermoelectric (TE) materials gained interest, due to their capability of directly interconverting between heat and power, which can be used to convert waste heat to electricity.  One of the strategic TE adaptation approaches is to develop high efficiency TE materials from earth-abundant and non-toxic components. Not only the TE materials’ composition, but also the synthesis method, has to be environment friendly in order to create a green transition, with minimum adverse environmental impacts. Bottom-up microwave (MW) assisted synthesis routes, using water and polyalcohol as green solvents were demonstrated feasible to generate binary and ternary compositions of Bi2-xSbxTe3, which were effective in room temperature. A more earth abundant and environment friendly material composition, copper selenide (Cu2-XSe), effective at intermediate temperature regime (200-600 °C), was synthesized by MW-assisted thermolysis. The synthesized materials were characterized in terms of structure, microstructure, surface chemistry and TE transport properties, and showed significant improvement of TE performance compared to materials synthesized using conventional methods - mainly attributed to the preservation of nanostructure. Significant results have been achieved with improved material characteristics, while the time and the energy investment were substantially reduced. The developed processes with reduced time and carbon footprint offer excellent sustainable synthesis routes for large-scale synthesis of high-performance nanostructured TE materials as strategic energy materials. 

Abstract [sv]

Efterfrågan på energi ökar snabbt, vilket leder till mer koldioxidutsläpp och global uppvärmning. Alternativa gröna energikällor är nödvändigt för att skydda kommande generationer från effekterna av miljöföroreningar och global uppvärmning. Under de senaste decennierna har intresset för termoelektriska (TE) material ökat på grund av deras förmåga att direkt omvandla spillvärme till elektricitet. En av strategierna för TE-anpassning är att utveckla effektiva TE-material från i jordskorpan vanligt förekommande och ogiftig föreningar. Inte bara TE-materialens sammansättning, utan också hur de syntetiseras, bör vara miljövänligt för att skapa en grön övergång med minimal negativ miljöpåverkan. Grön mikrovågsassisterad botten upp syntes med vatten och sockeralkohol som lösningsmedel visades vara en möjlig metod för att generera binära och ternära föreningar av Bi2-xSbxTe3, vilka är effektiva vid rumstemperatur. Den i jordskorpan vanligt förekommande och miljövänliga kemiska föreningen kopparselenid (Cu2-XSe), vilken är effektivt vid mellantemperaturer (200-600°C), har syntetiseras genom MW-assisterad termolys. De syntetiserade materialen karakteriserades av deras struktur, mikrostruktur, ytkemi och termoelektriska transportegenskaper och visade betydande förbättringar av TE-prestanda jämfört med material syntetiserade med konventionella metoder, vilket primärt kan tillskrivas bevarandet av nanostrukturer. Betydande resultat har uppnåtts med överlägsna materialegenskaper, samtidigt som tid och energiåtgång reducerats avsevärt. Den utvecklade processen, med minskad tidsåtgång och koldioxidavtryck, erbjuder hållbara syntesvägar för storskalig syntes av effektiva TE-material med nanostrukturer för strategiska energimaterial.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2021. p. 75
Series
TRITA-SCI-FOU ; 2021:36
Keywords
Materials chemistry
National Category
Materials Chemistry
Research subject
Physics, Material and Nano Physics; Physics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-302383 (URN)978-91-8040-000-8 (ISBN)
Public defence
2021-10-15, BioX Library https://kth-se.zoom.us/j/63386528297, Albanova Universitetscentrum, Roslagstullsbacken 21, Stockholm och via zoom, Stockholm, 10:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Funder
Swedish Energy AgencyEuropean Commission
Available from: 2021-09-22 Created: 2021-09-21 Last updated: 2022-06-25Bibliographically approved

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Hamawandi, BejanRasander, MikaelToprak, Muhammet S.

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