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A crosslinked polymer as dopant-free hole-transport material for efficient n-i-p type perovskite solar cells
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Chemistry, Organic chemistry. KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Centres, Centre of Molecular Devices, CMD.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6293-6742
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Chemistry, Organic chemistry. KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Centres, Centre of Molecular Devices, CMD.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2789-7714
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Chemistry, Organic chemistry. KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Centres, Centre of Molecular Devices, CMD.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0672-9965
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Chemistry, Applied Physical Chemistry. KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Centres, Centre of Molecular Devices, CMD.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0232-9937
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2021 (English)In: Journal of Energy Chemistry, ISSN 2095-4956, E-ISSN 2096-885X, Vol. 55, p. 211-218Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

A new crosslinked polymer, called P65, with appropriate photo-electrochemical, opto-electronic, and thermal properties, has been designed and synthesized as an efficient, dopant-free, hole-transport material (HTM) for n-i-p type planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs). P65 is obtained from a low-cost and easily synthesized spiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene]-3′,6′-diol (SFX-OH)-based monomer X65 through a free-radical polymerization reaction. The combination of a three-dimensional (3D) SFX core unit, hole-transport methoxydiphenylamine group, and crosslinked polyvinyl network provides P65 with good solubility and excellent film-forming properties. By employing P65 as a dopant-free hole-transport layer in conventional n-i-p type PSCs, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of up to 17.7% is achieved. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time a 3D, crosslinked, polymeric dopant-free HTM has been reported for use in conventional n-i-p type PSCs. This study provides a new strategy for the future development of a 3D crosslinked polymeric dopant-free HTM with a simple synthetic route and low-cost for commercial, large-scale applications in future PSCs.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier BV , 2021. Vol. 55, p. 211-218
National Category
Materials Chemistry
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-279565DOI: 10.1016/j.jechem.2020.06.062ISI: 000605332900007Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85088262081OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-279565DiVA, id: diva2:1460853
Note

QC 20201028

Available from: 2020-08-25 Created: 2020-08-25 Last updated: 2023-05-25Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Organic Hole-Transport Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Organic Hole-Transport Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells
2020 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Research on perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has undergone dramatic development since the first cells were reported in 2009, and the past decade has witnessed a significant breakthrough on their power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) from 3.8% to 25%. However, the large-scale industrialization of PSCs is still far from an easy task, due to the scarcity of high-performance and low-cost organic hole-transport materials (HTMs). Thus, the development of new generation HTMs is highly desired.

The studies in this thesis aim at developing novel, inexpensive and easily synthesizable organic HTMs for application in efficient PSCs. A series of HTMs from small molecules to polymers, from doped to dopant-free were designed, synthesized and tested, to further improve the stability and reduce the cost.

In Chapter 1 and Chapter 2, a brief introduction to PSCs, HTMs as well as the characterization methods used in this thesis are presented.

In Chapter 3 and Chapter 4, the design and synthesis of a series of carbazole- based and spiro[fluorene-9,9'-xanthene] (SFX)-based HTMs is described. For these HTMs, the influence of substitution position, linking topology, pendant group and molecular size on the optical and electronic properties was systematically investigated, as well as their performance in solar cells.

In Chapter 5, two small molecular HTMs based on extended SFX skeletons were introduced for the application in dopant-free PSCs. The effect of the extended conjugation core unit and molecular size on the electrochemical and optical properties, hole mobility, conductivity, molecular packing and PSC performance was studied in detail.

In Chapter 6, a crosslinked SFX-based polymer was designed and synthesized as an efficient, low-cost, dopant-free HTM for conventional n-i-p type PSCs. The photoelectrochemical, optoelectronic and thermal properties of the designed polymer and the photovoltaic performance of the devices are discussed.

Abstract [sv]

Forskning om perovskitsolceller (PSC:er) har genomgått en dramatisk utveckling sedan de första cellerna rapporterades 2009, och det senaste decenniet har sett ett betydande genombrott i deras effektomvandlingseffektivitet (PCE) från 3,8% till 25%. Den storskaliga industrialiseringen av PSC:er är emellertid fortfarande långt ifrån en enkel uppgift på grund av brist på högpresterande och billiga organiska håltransportmaterial (HTM). Därför är utvecklingen av nya generationer HTM önskvärt.

Studierna i denna avhandling syftar till att utveckla nya, billiga och lättsyntetiserbara organiska HTM:er för användning i effektiva PSC:er. En serie HTM:er från små molekyler till polymerer, från dopade till dopningsfria konstruerades, syntetiserades och testades för att ytterligare förbättra stabiliteten och minska kostnaderna.

I kapitel 1 och kapitel 2 presenteras en kort introduktion av PSC:er, HTM såväl som karakteriseringsmetoderna som används i denna avhandling.

I kapitel 3 och kapitel 4 rapporteras designen och syntesen av en serie karbazol-baserade och spiro[fluoren-9,9'-xanten] (SFX)-baserade HTM. Dessutom undersöktes systematiskt påverkan av substitutionsposition, koppling av topologi, hänggrupp och molekylstorlek på de optiska och elektroniska egenskaperna, liksom solcellsprestanda.

I kapitel 5 designades och syntetiserades två små molekylära HTM baserade på ett utökat SFX-skelett för användning på dopningsfria PSC:er. Effekten av den utökade konjugeringskärnenheten och molekylstorleken på de elektrokemiska och optiska egenskaperna, hålmobilitet, konduktivitet, molekylär packning, liksom tillämpningen i PSC:er studerades i detalj.

I kapitel 6 designades och syntetiserades en tvärbunden SFX-baserad polymer som en effektiv, lågkostnads dopningsfri HTM för konventionella PSC:er av ni-p-typ. De fotoelektrokemiska, optoelektroniska och termiska egenskaperna hos den utformade polymeren och fotovoltaiska prestandan diskuterades.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2020. p. 74
Series
TRITA-CBH-FOU ; 2020:44
Keywords
Hole-transport material, Photovoltaic device, Perovskite solar cell, Dopant-free, Carbazole, Spiro[fluorene-9, 9'-xanthene], Small organic molecule, Crosslinked polymer, Solution-processed.
National Category
Organic Chemistry
Research subject
Chemistry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-279743 (URN)978-91-7873-619-5 (ISBN)
Public defence
2020-09-30, https://kth-se.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_jafBUv0cRYyWbvtDwnehGA​, Stockholm, 10:00 (English)
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Supervisors
Note

QC 2020-09-02

Available from: 2020-09-02 Created: 2020-08-31 Last updated: 2022-12-07Bibliographically approved

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Wang, LinqinZhang, FuguoLiu, TianqiZhang, WeiLi, YuanyuanHe, LanlanGuo, YuXu, BoGardner, James M.Kloo, LarsSun, Licheng

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Wang, LinqinZhang, FuguoLiu, TianqiZhang, WeiLi, YuanyuanHe, LanlanGuo, YuXu, BoGardner, James M.Kloo, LarsSun, Licheng
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Organic chemistryCentre of Molecular Devices, CMDApplied Physical ChemistryWallenberg Wood Science Center
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