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Reliability-based fatigue assessment of existing steel bridges
KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Structural Engineering and Bridges.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3244-1153
2020 (English)Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Fatigue is among the most critical forms of deterioration damage that occurs tosteel bridges. It causes a decline of the safety level of bridges over time. Therefore,the performance of steel bridges, which may be seriously affected by fatigue, shouldbe assessed and predicted. There are several levels of uncertainty involved in thecrack initiation and propagation process; therefore the probabilistic methods canprovide a better estimation of fatigue lives than deterministic methods. Whenthere are recurring similar details which may have correlation with each other andbe regarded as a system, there are distinct advantages to analyze them from asystem reliability perspective. It allows the engineer to identify the importance ofan individual detail or the interaction between details with respect to the overallperformance of the system.

The main aim of this licentiate thesis is to evaluate probabilistic methods for reliabilityassessment of steel bridges, from both a single detail level and a systemlevel. For single details, an efficient simulation technique is desired. The widelyapplied Monte Carlo simulation method provides accurate estimation, however, isvery time-consuming. The Subset simulation method is investigated as an alternativeand it shows great feasibility in dealing with a multi-dimensional limit statefunction and nonlinear crack propagation. For larger systems, the spatial correlationis considered between details. An equicorrelation-based modelling approachhas been proposed as supplement to common simulation techniques to estimate thesystem reliability analytically and significantly reduce the simulation time. Withcorrelation considered, the information of one accessible detail could be used topredict the status of the system.

While reliability analysis aims for a specific safety level, risk analysis aims to findthe most optimal solution. With consequences considered, a risk-based decisionsupport framework is formulated for the selected system, which is presented asa decision tree. It reveals that the decisions based on reliability assessment canbe different from those based on risk analysis, since they have different objectivecriteria.

Abstract [sv]

Utmattning är en av de mest allvarliga nedbrytningsmekanismer som stålbroarutsätts för. Den orsakar en försämrad säkerhet för broar över tid. Därav måstestålbroars tillförlitlighet, som kan påverkas allvarligt på grund av utmattning, bedömasoch förutsägas. Flera olika nivåer av osäkerheter är involverade i initieringoch propagering av utmattningssprickor, varför sannolikhetsbaserade metoder kange en bättre uppskattning av utmattningslivslängden än deterministiska metoder.När liknande detaljer återkommer i en konstruktion och med korrelation mellanvarandra kan dessa betraktas som ett system, för vilket tillförlitlighetsmetoder påsystemnivå kan utnyttjas. Det gör det möjligt för ingenjören att identifiera betydelsenav en individuell detalj eller interaktionen mellan detaljer med avseende påsystemets totala tillförlitlighet.

Det huvudsakliga syftet med denna licentiatuppsats är att utvärdera sannolikhetsbaserademetoder för uppskattning av stålbroars tillförlitlighet, både med avseendepå enskilda detaljer och på systemnivå. För enskilda detaljer eftersträvas en tidseffektivsimuleringsteknik. Den allmänt tillämpade Monte Carlo-simuleringsmetodenger en robust uppskattning, men är mycket tidskrävande. Subset-simuleringsmetodenundersöks som ett alternativ och den visar stor potential när det gäller att hanteraen flerdimensionell gränsfunktion och en olinjär sprickpropageringsmodell. På systemnivåbeaktas den rumsliga korrelationen mellan detaljer. En modelleringsmetodbaserad på konstant korrelation mellan detaljer har föreslagits som komplement tillvanliga simuleringstekniker för att uppskatta tillförlitligheten analytiskt och avsevärtminska simuleringstiden. Genom att utnyttja korrelationen kan informationom en tillgänglig detalj användas för att förutsäga systemets status.

Medan en tillförlitlighetsanalys bedöms mot en specifik säkerhetsnivå används riskanalysenför att hitta den mest optimala åtgärden. Genom att beakta konsekvenserhar ett riskbaserat verktyg för beslutsstöd föreslagits och presenterats i form av ettbeslutsträd. Resultaten visar att besluten baserade på tillförlitlighet kan skilja sigfrån de som baseras på en uppskattad risk, eftersom metoderna har olika målfunktioner.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2020. , p. 50
Series
TRITA-ABE-DLT ; 2031
Keywords [en]
Fatigue, steel bridges, reliability analysis, spatial correlation, risk analysis, Monte Carlo simulation
Keywords [sv]
Utmattning, stålbroar, tillförlitlighet, rumslig korrelation, riskanalys, Monte Carlo-simulering
National Category
Civil Engineering
Research subject
Civil and Architectural Engineering, Structural Engineering and Bridges
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-281997ISBN: 978-91-7873-663-8 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-281997DiVA, id: diva2:1471535
Presentation
2020-11-13, Videomöte med Zoom - https://kth-se.zoom.us/j/69922859300, Du som saknar dator/datorvana kan kontakta Johan Leander johnlea@kth.se / Use the e-mail address if you need technical assistance, Stockholm, 13:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

QC 20201007

Available from: 2020-10-07 Created: 2020-09-29 Last updated: 2022-06-25Bibliographically approved
List of papers
1. Comparison of simulation methods applied to steel bridge reliability evaluations
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Comparison of simulation methods applied to steel bridge reliability evaluations
2019 (English)In: 13th International Conference on Applications of Statistics and Probability in Civil Engineering, ICASP 2019, 2019Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Steel bridges are in general subjected to fatigue deterioration and the structural reliability of bridges will thus reduce over time. There are multiple simulation-based procedures available to perform structural probabilistic studies with several classes of uncertainty taken into account. Since the crack propagation is highly nonlinear and the limit state function (LSF) is multi-dimensional, it imposes specific demands on the simulation methods. Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) has been widely applied in various of fields, however, it requires a great amount of samples and long computation time to reach a high level of accuracy. A more advanced method, Subset Simulation (SS), compensates this shortage. It calculates the product of conditional probabilities of several chosen intermediate failure events. In this paper, the performance of each method was evaluated and compared against fatigue deterioration for aselected bridge detail. A probabilistic model was defined and both prior and updated reliability estimation were performed. The results showed that SS is a good option to deal with fatigue problem with high nonlinearity and multi-dimensional LSF, and shows outstanding time efficiency compared to MCS to reach a comparable accuracy.

National Category
Infrastructure Engineering
Research subject
Civil and Architectural Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-253043 (URN)10.22725/ICASP13.446 (DOI)2-s2.0-85126494076 (Scopus ID)
Conference
13th International Conference on Applications of Statistics and Probability in Civil Engineering, ICASP13, Seoul, South Korea, May 26-30, 2019
Note

QC 20210915

Available from: 2019-06-12 Created: 2019-06-12 Last updated: 2024-03-15Bibliographically approved
2. Fatigue reliability assessment of steel bridges considering spatial correlation in system evaluation
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Fatigue reliability assessment of steel bridges considering spatial correlation in system evaluation
2021 (English)In: Structure and Infrastructure Engineering, ISSN 1573-2479, E-ISSN 1744-8980, p. 1-15Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Fatigue is among the most critical forms of deterioration damage that occurs to steel bridges. The performance of steel bridges, which may be seriously affected due to fatigue, should be assessed and predicted. However, the code-based reliability assessment only provides a clear criterion for single details. The whole bridge or a splitting system from the bridge may contain many details which brings system impact on the fatigue assessment. In this paper the system reliability of steel bridges is addressed with focus on the influence of spatial correlations between similar fatigue sensitive details. The study is conducted on a typical riveted railway bridge, from which a subsystem is selected and modelled as a weakest link system. It is assumed that all details in the system are equicorrelated. An efficient modeling approach has been developed to quantify the correlation and help estimate the system reliability analytically. A parametric study was performed to determine the system effects on the fatigue reliability assessment and identify the decisive variables.

Keywords
System reliability; fatigue deterioration; steel bridges; spatial correlation; equivalent correlation
National Category
Civil Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-281889 (URN)10.1080/15732479.2021.1938614 (DOI)000670130600001 ()2-s2.0-85109862404 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20210810

Available from: 2020-09-25 Created: 2020-09-25 Last updated: 2026-01-30Bibliographically approved
3. Risk Analysis for Decision Support --- A Case Study on Fatigue Assessment of a Steel Bridge
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Risk Analysis for Decision Support --- A Case Study on Fatigue Assessment of a Steel Bridge
2020 (English)Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Fatigue is among the most critical forms of deterioration damage that occurs to steel bridges. It causes a decline of the safety level of bridges over time. Much research has been accomplished on a reliability level, which focuses on evaluating the service life of the selected detail or the whole structure. However, the decisions aiming to keep the existing bridges in service should be further considered, i.e. whether interventions are needed, what kind of interventions could be applied, which intervention is the optimal choice to be both sustainable and economical within a budget restraint considered. Therefore a risk-based decision making framework is necessary for bridges service life extension. In this paper, a risk-based decision support framework is formulated aiming for rational decisions, which is presented as a decision tree. It presents possible intervention actions, evaluates the corresponding probability of failure and integrates them with possible consequences. A case study of the Rautasjokk Bridge in Sweden is incorporated to demonstrate the framework. A separation of the load bearing structure in subsystems is suggested for risk analysis and decision optimization. The expected result and how to prioritize the calculated utilities are discussed. And the results are compared with the reliability analysis to check if they are consistent.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Research Publishing Services, 2020
Keywords
Risk analysis, Decision-making, Decision tree, Fatigue assessment, Subsystem, Steel bridge, Service life extension
National Category
Civil Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-277021 (URN)10.3850/978-981-14-8593-0_3602-cd (DOI)2-s2.0-85107287471 (Scopus ID)
Conference
30th European Safety and Reliability Conference and 15th Probabilistic Safety Assessment and Management Conference (ESREL2020 PSAM15), 1-5 November 2020, Venice, Italy
Note

Part of proceedings ISBN 978-981-14-8593-0

QC 20200623

Available from: 2020-06-23 Created: 2020-06-23 Last updated: 2024-07-11Bibliographically approved

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