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Designing against ω phase embrittlement in additively manufactured Ti−13.5Mo metastable β titanium alloy through Sn additions
School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Australia, St. Lucia.
School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Australia, St. Lucia.
Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Australia, St. Lucia.
KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Materials Science and Engineering, Structures. International Joint Laboratory for Light Alloys (Ministry of Education), College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4825-7430
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2025 (English)In: Additive Manufacturing, ISSN 2214-8604, E-ISSN 2214-7810, Vol. 97, article id 104597Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Additive manufacturing (AM) features repeated thermal cycles due to the track- and layer-wise fabrication process. However, the unique thermal cycling often encourages the precipitation of detrimental phases, such as the isothermal ω phase in metastable β titanium alloys, which cause severe embrittlement. This study aims to address ω phase embrittlement in Ti−13.5Mo (wt%) metastable β titanium alloy fabricated by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) through Sn additions. It is shown that 5.0 wt% Sn microparticles can be reliably in-situ alloyed with Ti−13.5Mo by L-PBF to effectively inhibit the formation of the commensurate isothermal ω phase in the binary Ti−13.5Mo alloy. Detailed microstructural characterizations and simulations of the precipitation kinetics reveal that both Ti−13.5Mo with and without Sn exhibit densely populated ω phase throughout the microstructures. However, the Sn addition retards development of the final commensurate form of isothermal ω phase, thereby mitigating its embrittling effects. As a result, Ti−13.5Mo+5Sn fabricated by L-PBF exbibits a good balance of strength and ductility which outperforms those of similar alloys produced by conventional manufacturing routines. Since the Ti−Mo binary system forms the basis of important multicomponent titanium alloys, the finding in this work is expected to be applicable beyond the binary alloy considered here and provides a framework for the design of β titanium alloys for AM that are resistant to ω phase embrittlement.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier BV , 2025. Vol. 97, article id 104597
Keywords [en]
Additive manufacturing, Embrittlement, Laser powder bed fusion, Mechanical properties, Microstructure, Titanium alloys
National Category
Metallurgy and Metallic Materials
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-358178DOI: 10.1016/j.addma.2024.104597ISI: 001392250000001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85212438110OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-358178DiVA, id: diva2:1924805
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QC 20250121

Available from: 2025-01-07 Created: 2025-01-07 Last updated: 2025-01-21Bibliographically approved

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Hou, Ziyong

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