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Installation effects on axial fans: Combined aeroacoustic and psychoacoustic perspective
Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences, Division of Fluid Dynamics, Gothenburg, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7143-9358
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Engineering Mechanics, Vehicle engineering and technical acoustics.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5723-9571
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Engineering Mechanics, Vehicle engineering and technical acoustics.ORCID iD: 0009-0008-9820-8892
Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences, Division of Fluid Dynamics, Gothenburg, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5399-813X
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2025 (English)In: Applied Acoustics, ISSN 0003-682X, E-ISSN 1872-910X, Vol. 240, article id 110872Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Low-speed axial fans for engineering cooling applications are often operating in the vicinity of humans. Over the last decades, an effort to mitigate fan noise has been observed. Novel fan designs with substantial noise abatement and little to no expense on aerodynamic performance have been achieved. However, the case of unfavorable installation conditions, namely fans immersed in non-ideal inlet flows, still complicates the optimization of fan designs with regard to acoustic performance. In this study, the acoustic performance alteration of a low-speed axial fan with a rotating ring is documented. Different inlet geometries are tested, while the fan aerodynamic performance is also monitored. The acoustic performance of the fan, including sound power and sound quality metrics, is discussed for three operating points. Furthermore, a parallel fan setup is tested to study the emergence of acoustic interference. Results show marginal gains in aerodynamic performance for elongated inlet geometries. On the contrary, acoustic performance and sound quality are negatively affected, particularly at high loading. Moreover, the inlet configuration with an elongated straight duct demonstrates weak coupling to loading conditions concerning sound power and roughness. An overall consistent scaling of aerodynamic and acoustic performance is observed for the parallel fan system when compared to the single fan case, irrespective of inlet geometry. Sound quality estimates of two incoherent sound sources agree well with measured values of the parallel fan system, apart from fluctuation strength, which is overestimated at stall conditions.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier BV , 2025. Vol. 240, article id 110872
Keywords [en]
axial fan, parallel fans, acoustic interference, installation effects, inlet geometry, sound quality
National Category
Fluid Mechanics Vehicle and Aerospace Engineering
Research subject
Engineering Mechanics; Vehicle and Maritime Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-364285DOI: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110872ISI: 001509627400001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105007557614OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-364285DiVA, id: diva2:1966073
Projects
eFan: A key enabler for eMobility, Part II
Funder
Swedish Energy Agency, 2020-016065
Note

QC 20250701

Available from: 2025-06-09 Created: 2025-06-09 Last updated: 2025-09-08Bibliographically approved

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Zea, EliasKarlsson, Mikael

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