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Real-time Worst-Case Load Flow for Distribution Systems with Power Injection Uncertainties
Department of Electrical Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Taiwan.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5813-8289
Department of Electrical Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Taiwan.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4735-5872
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Intelligent systems, Decision and Control Systems (Automatic Control).ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1835-2963
2026 (English)In: IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, ISSN 0885-8950, E-ISSN 1558-0679, Vol. 41, no 1, p. 124-141Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

This paper proposes a real-time solution method for a variant of the interval load flow problem. In this problem, we seek extremal bus voltages and line currents for radial power distribution systems described by the nonlinear DistFlow equations subject to uncertainties in bus power injections. We show that a single deterministic load flow run can compute all minimum bus voltages. Also, we develop a low-complexity procedure to estimate all maximum bus voltages and maximum line currents with an accuracy guarantee verifiable during actual operations. Despite the need to quantify uncertainties, our procedure requires only a few deterministic load flow runs, leading to a significant speedup over standard methods that require a loop to solve at least one optimization problem for each bus and line. Extensive benchmark case studies demonstrate the practical accuracy and efficiency performance of the proposed method. For example, we can conduct interval load flow analysis for a 10,476-bus system achieving a relative error of less than 10% in about 0.5 seconds.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) , 2026. Vol. 41, no 1, p. 124-141
Keywords [en]
Interval load flow, distribution systems, fixed point iterations, real-time analysis, renewable energy integration
National Category
Power Systems and Components
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-370065DOI: 10.1109/tpwrs.2025.3597048ISI: 001658630000035Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105013396668OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-370065DiVA, id: diva2:1998957
Note

QC 20260127

Available from: 2025-09-18 Created: 2025-09-18 Last updated: 2026-01-27Bibliographically approved

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Sandberg, Henrik

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