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Analysing π-π-stacking interactions in lignin nanoparticles from molecular simulations - insights and lessons learned
Division of Applied Mechanics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Uppsala University, Uppsala Sweden.
Division of Applied Mechanics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Uppsala University, Uppsala Sweden.
Division of Applied Mechanics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Uppsala University, Uppsala Sweden.
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Fibre- and Polymer Technology, Fiberprocesser.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2346-7063
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2025 (English)In: Faraday discussions, ISSN 1359-6640, E-ISSN 1364-5498Article in journal (Refereed) Epub ahead of print
Abstract [en]

A special molecular association is π-π-stacking, driven by weak interactions within aromatic compounds. The π-π-stacking interactions can occur in either a sandwich-like or T-shaped manner. In this study, a method to recognise π-π-stacking from classical molecular dynamics trajectories is developed. By applying three criteria, the method is tested for simple lignin dimer, tetramer and octamer systems, with all G units and β-O4′ linkages. The criteria are geometric and based on distance between ring centroids, the angle between the planes of the two rings and the lateral displacement of the rings. In addition, a wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) profile was calculated from a tetramer system, in agreement with previous experimental results. However, when the WAXS peak assigned to sandwich-shaped stacking was analysed in-depth, it was found to mainly be caused by other intramolecular structural motifs involving e.g. the α-carbon and ring carbons, rather than π-π-stacking. This finding is important for future analyses of WAXS profiles originating from lignin-based materials and shows the strength of combining X-ray scattering methods with molecular modelling.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) , 2025.
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Theoretical Chemistry Structural Biology
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URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-371187DOI: 10.1039/d5fd00052aISI: 001575370200001PubMedID: 40977530Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105016761589OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-371187DiVA, id: diva2:2004216
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QC 20251007

Available from: 2025-10-07 Created: 2025-10-07 Last updated: 2025-10-07Bibliographically approved

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Rosén, Tomas

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