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The valuable coordination of sponsored international education in a modern developmental state
KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Learning, Learning in Stem. (Higher Education Organization Studies)ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1238-9589
2025 (English)In: Higher Education, ISSN 0018-1560, E-ISSN 1573-174XArticle in journal (Refereed) Epub ahead of print
Abstract [en]

This study utilizes a novel analytical framework to examine large-scale development-focused scholarship programs for international higher education. The Indonesia Endowment Fund for Education (LPDP) is systematically analyzed here utilizing its 2013–2022 annual reports. Applying the orders of worth approach, LPDP’s claims and justifications towards the common good are studied, alongside the organization’s changing policies and practices. Investigation focuses on the perceivable but uncertain value of these programs for the modern developmental state and LPDP’s efforts to overcome these ambiguities. Findings highlight challenges related to the dominant share of justifications based in human capital theory (HCT). In parallel, justifications based in nationalist sentiments have grown, as have project-centered assertions of worth. These findings are analyzed; the varied inspirational and nationalist rationale LPDP forwards and undertakings it delineates to support its claims are detailed. Reflecting on LPDP’s shifting justifications, the discussion introduces “valuable coordination,” an emergent conceptualization which nuances and problematizes narrow HCT-based understandings of education for development. The paper concludes by reviewing its findings towards better understanding the societal embeddedness of scholarship programs and how harmonization might be improved. In furthering these aims, it suggests future research into Indonesian actors’ reception of LPDP’s justifications.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Springer Nature , 2025.
Keywords [en]
Scholarships, International student mobility, Indonesia, Orders of worth, Economics and sociology of conventions, Education for development
National Category
Other Educational Sciences
Research subject
Technology and Learning
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-372167DOI: 10.1007/s10734-025-01542-9ISI: 001613202800001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105021547921OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-372167DiVA, id: diva2:2009548
Note

QC 20251127

Available from: 2025-10-28 Created: 2025-10-28 Last updated: 2025-11-27Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Iron Cages; Liquid Scholars: Exploring the valuable coordination of higher education scholarships in the international knowledge society
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Iron Cages; Liquid Scholars: Exploring the valuable coordination of higher education scholarships in the international knowledge society
2025 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

This thesis broadens prevailing understandings of scholarships and their systematic use in international higher education, introducing a novel set of theoretical tools for examining such endeavors. Focusing on organizations in Mexico and Indonesia and the students they sponsored in Swedish master’s degree programs between 2013-20, the study explores valuation processes, coordination puzzles and ethical challenges around international student mobility (ISM) with development-focused aims towards the common good.

The study advances a core understanding of “scholarships” as a widespread tool for coordination in societies. It argues scholarship-driven ISM should be considered with a view to the tripartite and often formalized relationship between sponsored students, sponsors and destination universities. With this perspective, it employs tools from a neo-pragmatist movement in economic sociology known as the “economics and sociology of conventions”, thereby rendering visible an array of factors which nuance, buttress or weigh upon these programs in their socially situated contexts. This allows the study to explore contestation, tensions and situations of stability or crisis involving “scholarships” in the societies which deploy and underwrite such structures.

Further and overarchingly, the study contemplates global factors influencing patterns of and rationales for sponsored ISM. Critically exploring the matrix between the international and national levels and the way such interactions impinge on varying domestic situations involving “scholarships”, the study highlights incoherence related to the programs’ dominant use of human capital theory-based justifications. Findings show the theory’s unfulfilled promises of commensurability have led to unsettled liabilities for these programs.

Detailed findings suggest programs may fare better if they deliberatively adapt through situations of domestic contestation and provide coherent proof of the valuable contributions of alumni towards a common good. However, the study also highlights present challenges with instrumental national aims for ISM amidst patterns of globalization and transnationalism. These relate to alumni non-return, instances of “frustrated return” and ethical challenges inferred from state attempts to positively ensure the return home of awardees whose valuation of their education differs from that of their state sponsors.

Abstract [sv]

Denna avhandling breddar rådande förståelser av stipendier och deras systematiska användning inom internationell högre utbildning genom att introducera en ny uppsättning teoretiska verktyg för att undersöka sådana satsningar. Med fokus på organisationer i Mexiko och Indonesien samt de studenter de sponsrade till svenska masterprogram mellan 2013 och 2020, utforskar studien värderingsprocesser, samordningsproblem och etiska utmaningar kring internationell studentmobilitet (ISM) med utvecklingsinriktade mål för det gemensamma bästa.

Studien utvecklar en central förståelse av ”stipendier” som ett utbrett verktyg för samordning i samhällen. Den hävdar att stipendiebaserad internationell studentmobilitet bör betraktas utifrån den trefaldiga och ofta formaliserade relationen mellan sponsrade studenter, sponsorer och mottagande universitet. Ur detta perspektiv tillämpar studien verktyg från en nypragmatisk rörelse inom ekonomisk sociologi, känd som “the economics and sociology of conventions”. Därigenom synliggörs en rad faktorer som nyanserar, stärker eller belastar dessa program i deras socialt situerade sammanhang. Detta gör det möjligt för studien att utforska konflikter, spänningar samt situationer av stabilitet eller kris kopplade till ”stipendier” i de samhällen som använder och understöder sådana strukturer.

Vidare och i ett övergripande perspektiv reflekterar studien över globala faktorer som påverkar mönster och motiv för sponsrad internationell studentmobilitet. Genom en kritisk granskning av samspelet mellan internationell och nationell nivå – och hur dessa interaktioner påverkar olika inhemska situationer där ”stipendier” ingår – lyfter studien fram inkonsekvenser relaterade till programmens dominerande användning av humankapitalteoretiska motiveringar. Resultaten visar att teorins ouppfyllda löften om jämförbarhet har lett till osäkerheter och oklara ansvarsförhållanden för dessa program.

Detaljerade resultat antyder att programmen kan klara sig bättre om de medvetet anpassar sig till inhemska konflikter och tillhandahåller tydliga bevis på alumners värdefulla bidrag till det gemensamma bästa. Samtidigt belyser studien aktuella utmaningar kopplade till instrumentella nationella mål för internationell studentmobilitet i en tid av globalisering och transnationalism. Dessa utmaningar rör bland annat att alumner inte återvänder, fall av ”frustrerad hemkomst” samt etiska problem som uppstår när stater försöker säkerställa att stipendiater återvänder hem, trots att deras värdering av utbildningen skiljer sig från statens.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2025. p. 229
Series
TRITA-ITM-AVL ; 2025:46
Keywords
Scholarships, sponsored students, international student mobility, Mexico, Indonesia, Sweden, education for development, human capital theory, ethical internationalisation, orders of worth, economics and sociology of conventions, frustrated return, stipendier, sponsrade studenter, internationell studentmobilitet, Mexiko, Indonesien, Sverige, högre utbildning, samhällsutveckling genom utbildning, pragmatisk sociologi, värdekonstruktioner, humankapitalteori, etisk internationalisering, ansvarsfull internationalisering, frustrerad hemkomst
National Category
Other Educational Sciences Sociology (Excluding Social Work, Social Anthropology, Demography and Criminology) Development Studies
Research subject
Technology and Learning
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-372261 (URN)978-91-8106-453-7 (ISBN)
Public defence
2025-11-28, Kollegiesalen / https://kth-se.zoom.us/j/68859811566, Brinellvägen 8, Stockholm, 14:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2025-11-04 Created: 2025-10-31 Last updated: 2025-11-24Bibliographically approved

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