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Atomic layer deposition of gallium oxide using gallium triazenide and water
Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden.
Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden.
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 43, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland.
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Nuclear Science and Engineering. Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 43, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2864-9509
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2026 (English)In: Materials Advances, E-ISSN 2633-5409, Vol. 7, no 5, p. 2874-2881Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Gallium oxide (Ga2O3) is an ultrawide bandgap semiconductor with promising applications in power electronics and UV-photodetectors. Herein, we present thermal atomic layer deposition (ALD) of Ga2O3 thin films using tris(1,3-diisopropyltriazenide)gallium(iii) and water. The deposition process shows saturation in the growth per cycle of ∼1.5 Å at precursor pulses ≥2 s with a narrow ALD temperature interval between 400 and 415 °C, and a nucleation delay of ∼15 cycles. Time-of-flight elastic recoil detection analysis revealed near-stoichiometric Ga2O3 with <3.5 at%, of C, H, N, and Cl, all of which decreases after annealing. Grazing Incidence X-ray diffraction reveals that annealing at 700 °C converts as-deposited amorphous films into phase-pure β-Ga2O3. The as-deposited films were highly transparent (>96%) with an optical bandgap of ∼3.74 eV, which increased to ∼4.0 eV upon annealing. Electrical conductivity also increased from ∼3 mS cm−1 in the as deposited films to ∼30 mS cm−1 after annealing. This work extends the ALD chemistry of triazenide precursors, previously validated for GaN, InN, InGaN and In2O3, to Ga2O3.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) , 2026. Vol. 7, no 5, p. 2874-2881
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Chemical Sciences
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URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-377326DOI: 10.1039/d5ma01213aISI: 001686427800001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105029659118OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-377326DiVA, id: diva2:2042181
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QC 20260227

Available from: 2026-02-27 Created: 2026-02-27 Last updated: 2026-03-13Bibliographically approved

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