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Addressing vibronic phosphorescence and associated excited state dynamics of anti-Kasha molecules: a time-dependent correlation function approach
Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C Road, Kolkata, 700009, West Bengal, India.
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Chemistry, Applied Physical Chemistry. Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C Road, Kolkata, 700009, West Bengal, India.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3414-4358
Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C Road, Kolkata, 700009, West Bengal, India.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1133-0254
2026 (English)In: Physical Chemistry, Chemical Physics - PCCP, ISSN 1463-9076, E-ISSN 1463-9084, Vol. 28, no 8, p. 5408-5417Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Single-molecule white-light emitters (SMWLEs) based on anti-Kasha dual emission present a promising route to simplified fabrication, but their design is constrained by the complex interplay of electronic and vibronic interactions that control emission from higher triplet states. Here we investigate the origin of vibrationally resolved phosphorescence spectra and the photophysics of the excited states of two molecules, namely, dibenzo[a,c]phenazine (DPPZ) and dibenzo[b,d]thiophen-2-yl (4-chlorophenyl)-methanone (ClBDBT), acting as SMWLEs. In this work, we present the efficacy of the present standalone code for simulating the vibronic phosphorescence spectra and elucidate the anti-Kasha behavior of the studied molecules by examining various nonradiative rate processes. For both molecules, we computed the phosphorescence spectra, intersystem crossing (ISC), and internal conversion (IC) rate constants employing the same theoretical framework of time-dependent correlation functions. In DPPZ, it is observed that, despite the small energy gap between the S1 and the T2 states, the vanishingly small spin–orbit coupling matrix element (SOCME) between these states precludes the much expected population transfer to the T2 states through the direct ISC mechanism. Interestingly, we find that the inclusion of the vibrational spin–orbit (VSO) coupling or the Herzberg–Teller (HT) term facilitates the rate of ISC between the S1 ~-> T2 pathway significantly compared to that of S1 ~-> T1, which indeed helps break Kasha's rule. Additionally, the population gain via a fast T2 ~-> T1 internal conversion opens the channel for T1 → S0 phosphorescence as well. On the other hand, a significantly higher direct spin–orbit coupling matrix element between S1 and T2 of ClBDBT, compared to S1–T1 along with a large T2–T1 energy gap, leads to S1 ~-> T2 as the dominant pathway for population transfer that eventually helps achieve anti-Kasha phosphorescence from T2. In brief, the present work provides the theoretical origin of the vibrational progression in the phosphorescence spectra and sheds light on the genesis of white light emission from the studied anti-Kasha emitters.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) , 2026. Vol. 28, no 8, p. 5408-5417
National Category
Physical Chemistry
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URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-377864DOI: 10.1039/d5cp04496kISI: 001685558200001PubMedID: 41666399Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105030500768OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-377864DiVA, id: diva2:2044583
Note

QC 20260310

Available from: 2026-03-10 Created: 2026-03-10 Last updated: 2026-03-10Bibliographically approved

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Karak, Pijush

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