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Mean-Reverting Stochastic Modeling of Instrumental Drift in NDIR CO2 Sensors
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Information Science and Engineering.ORCID iD: 0009-0006-1391-8357
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Information Science and Engineering.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0036-9049
2025 (English)In: IEEE SENSORS 2025 - Conference Proceedings, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) , 2025Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Low-cost non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) CO2 sensors are widely used for continuous air quality monitoring, but their long-term reliability is hindered by instrumental drift. This paper presents an empirical and theoretical investigation into the drift behavior of such sensors, based on long-term measurement data. After isolating environmental effects, we observe that the residual instrumental drift exhibits meanreverting characteristics. We model this behavior using the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process, a stochastic differential equation well-suited for capturing such dynamics. Maximum likelihood estimation is employed to fit the model to real sensor data, revealing sensor-specific long-term means and reversion rates. The results have implications for the design of more effective calibration strategies, particularly for one-point methods like automatic baseline correction. Limitations of the OU model are also discussed, motivating directions for future modeling improvements.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) , 2025.
Keywords [en]
instrumental drift, mean-reversion, NDIR CO2sensors, Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process, sensor calibration, stochastic modeling
National Category
Other Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering Control Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-380146DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS59705.2025.11330639Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105034179551OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-380146DiVA, id: diva2:2058031
Conference
2025 IEEE SENSORS, Vancouver, Canada, Oct 19 2025 - Oct 22 2025
Note

Part of ISBN 9798331544676

QC 20260506

Available from: 2026-05-06 Created: 2026-05-06 Last updated: 2026-05-06Bibliographically approved

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Yang, ChengOechtering, Tobias J.

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CiteExportLink to record
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Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
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Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
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  • asciidoc
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