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Results from the last DD and DT JET campaigns in the framework of the EUROfusion Tokamak Exploitation Work Package activity
Istituto per la Scienza e la Tecnologia dei Plasmi, CNR, Padova, Italy; Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, University of Padova, Acciaierie Venete SpA), C.so Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4401-5346
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Electrical Engineering, Electromagnetic Engineering and Fusion Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9546-4494
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Electrical Engineering, Electromagnetic Engineering and Fusion Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3994-8977
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Electrical Engineering, Electromagnetic Engineering and Fusion Science.ORCID iD: 0009-0009-4577-1849
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Number of Authors: 7782026 (English)In: Nuclear Fusion, ISSN 0029-5515, E-ISSN 1741-4326, Vol. 66, no 11, article id 116010Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

JET, the only tokamak capable of operating with deuterium–tritium (D–T) fuel (since TFTR was shutdown in 1999), has provided essential experimental data to support ITER and DEMO design and operation. Within the EUROfusion Tokamak Exploitation Work Package, JET completed its final campaigns (2022–2023), culminating in the third D–T campaign (DTE3). These experiments addressed key challenges in plasma scenarios, exhaust control, and tritium management under reactor-relevant conditions. Significant progress was achieved in demonstrating ITER-like integrated scenarios with impurity seeding, achieving partial divertor detachment and high confinement (H98(y,2) ≈ 0.85) at 3 MA in D–T plasmas. Advanced exhaust regimes such as quasi-continuous exhaust (QCE) and X-point radiator (XPR) were successfully achieved first in D–D and then extended to D–T operation, confirming their relevance for mixed isotope operation. Operational milestones included a new world record of 69 MJ fusion energy in tritium-rich hybrid plasmas and long-pulse H-mode operation up to 60 s, contributing with unique data to the CICLOP database. Physics studies focused on peelinglimited pedestals in support of ITER and improved understanding of edge stability and impurity screening in metallic environments. Extensive usage of the shattered pellet injector (SPI) on JET provided critical information for the design of the ITER disruption mitigation system (DMS). Real-time control systems for D/T ratio control and plasma exhaust were deployed and demonstrated in D–D and D–T, while energetic particle physics investigations unfolded the role of fast ions in turbulence suppression mechanisms. Comprehensive tritium retention studies using gas balance method, post-mortem analysis, and ITER-relevant laser induced desorption spectroscopy (LIDS) diagnostics provided essential input for tritium accountancy strategies. These results are validating the ITER operational concepts, inform DEMO design, and deliver critical experience in nuclear operation and scenario integration.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
IOP Publishing , 2026. Vol. 66, no 11, article id 116010
Keywords [en]
D–T, control, disruptions, magnetic fusion, plasma scenarios, plasma-wall interaction, runaway electrons
National Category
Fusion, Plasma and Space Physics Subatomic Physics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-384623DOI: 10.1088/1741-4326/ae71ecISI: 001798675400001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105042420694OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-384623DiVA, id: diva2:2083484
Note

QC 20260702

Available from: 2026-07-02 Created: 2026-07-02 Last updated: 2026-07-02Bibliographically approved

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Frassinetti, LorenzoHoppe, MathiasLafay-Labrosse, ArnaudNyström, HampusPaschalidis, KonstantinosPetersson, PerRatynskaia, Svetlana V.Rizzi, TommasoTolias, PanagiotisVignitchouk, LadislasVotta, Lorenzo

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Vianello, N.Frassinetti, LorenzoHoppe, MathiasLafay-Labrosse, ArnaudNyström, HampusPaschalidis, KonstantinosPetersson, PerRatynskaia, Svetlana V.Rizzi, TommasoTolias, PanagiotisVignitchouk, LadislasVotta, Lorenzo
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Electromagnetic Engineering and Fusion ScienceSpace and Plasma Physics
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