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Numerical and experimental investigations of gas jet used in atomisation of metal powders
KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Materials Science and Engineering.
2020 (English)Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
Abstract [en]

The environmental impact caused by the traditional production techniques has led to increased research in the field of alternative production techniques such as additive manufacturing. However, the environmental sustainability of the manufacturing techniques that produce and supply powders to the additive manufacturing process can be improved significantly. This project deals with improving the fraction of powder produced by gas atomisation that is suitable for any specific manufacturing process, by optimising the convergent-divergent nozzle used in the process. In order to identify the influential in- put parameters affecting the characteristics of the gas jet exiting a convergent- divergent nozzle, the relative effects of the input parameters were studied.

A computational fluid dynamics model of the convergent-divergent nozzle was created and validated using images obtained through the shadow-graph technique. The results of the model and the experiment followed similar trends, but the absolute scale of gas jets did not match. This discrepancy was attributed to assumptions made about the conditions used as inputs to the computational fluid dynamics model, such as gas density and viscosity.

Furthermore, a qualitative parametric study performed on the same computational fluid dynamics model revealed that the angle of the nozzle's diverging section to be the most significant parameter that controls the gas jet length.The findings of this study can be used to predict the gas flow through the convergent-divergent nozzle. This will enable more effective design of the gas atomisation process and gas flows in other processes such as in a rocket motor,the lance used in the basic oxygen furnace and the blast furnace tuyere.

Abstract [sv]

Miljöpåverkan av traditionella tillverkningstekniker har lett till ökad forskning inom alternativa tillverkningstekniker, som till exempel additiv tillverkning. Dock kan hållbarheten hos tillverkningstekniker som producerar och levererar pulver till de additiva tillverkningsprocesserna förbättras avsevärt. Detta projekt handlar om att öka andelen pulver som produceras genom gasatomisering som är lämplig för en specifik tillverkningsteknik. Detta kommer att uppnås genom optimering av de Laval-munstycket som används i gasatomiseringsprocessen. För att identifiera de variabler som påverkar egenskaperna hos gasstrålen som kommer ut från munstycket studerades den relativa betydelsen och effekterna av variablerna.

En CFD-modell av de Laval-munstyckena skapades och validerades genom användning av bilder som skapades genom skuggrafteknik. Resultaten av modelleringen och de experimentella resultaten visade samma trend, men längden på gasstrålen matchade inte. Avvikelsen tillskrevs antaganden om gasegenskaperna som används som parametrar till CFD-modellen, till exempel densitet och viskositet. Dessutom avslöjade en kvalitativ studie av parametrarna utförd på samma CFD-modell att vinkeln på de Laval-munstyckens divergerande del är den avgörande parametern som kontrollerar längden på gasstrålen.

Resultaten av denna studie kan användas för att förutsäga gasflödet genom de Laval-munstycket. Detta kan möjliggöra effektivare design av gasatomiseringprocesser och gasflöden i andra processer, till exempel i en raketmotor, i lansen som används i den basiska syreugnen och dysor i masugnen.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2020. , p. 70
Series
TRITA-ITM-EX ; 2020:540
National Category
Metallurgy and Metallic Materials
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-281858OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-281858DiVA, id: diva2:1470568
External cooperation
Erasteel Kloster AB
Subject / course
Materials and Process Design
Educational program
Master of Science - Engineering Materials Science
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2020-09-25 Created: 2020-09-25 Last updated: 2022-06-25Bibliographically approved

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