We review of the state of the art in probabilistic modelling for fatigue reliability of civil engineering and offshore structures. The modeling of randomness and uncertainty in  fatigue resistance and fatigue load variables are presented in some detail. This is followed  by a review of the specifics of reliability analysis for fatigue limit states and a background  on the semi-probabilistic treatment of fatigue safety. We discuss the different life-cycle  reliability concepts and give an overview on probabilistic inspection planning. We describe  the choices made in the Probabilistic Model Code of the Joint Committee of Structural  Safety, present alternatives to these choices and suggest areas of future research.